US22463A - tyler - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. .28. 1858.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

G. N. TYLER, OF \VASHING'ION, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ILLUMINATING-GAS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 22,463, dated December 28, 1858.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES N. TYLER, of the city of )Vashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Generating Illuminating-Gas, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, making a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 represents a plan of my improved apparatus; Fig. 2 a horizontal section of the same; and Fig. 8 a vertical transverse section of the same taken through the line 50 0c of Fig. l and looking toward the door end of the retort.

My improvement relates more particularly to that class of gas generating appav ratus in which the gaseous products evolved from the dry distillation of the gasiferous material is combined with hydrogen gas for the purpose of manufacturing a better quality of gas in larger quantities than is produced by the common mode of manufacturing illuminating gas.

My improvement consists first in a peculiar and effective arrangement and combination of retorts for generating the hydrogen gas simultaneously with, and with the same furnace used for the generation of the carbureted hydrogen, in the retort used for that purpose by the dry distillation of coal, oil, tar, rosin, and all other such substances haw ing a high equivalent of carbon in a condi tion suitable for the manufacture of illuminating gas; and secondly it consists in forming the rear end of the retort from which the gas escapes as it is evolved, of a conlcal, or contracted and elongated shape as compared with the body of the retort by means of which the escape of the gas as it is generated is retarded and kept at a high degree of heat for a time sufiicient to effect its transformation into a permanent gas; and thirdly it consists in leading the hydrogen gas into the narrow and contracted part or throat of the retort previous to the passage of either from the retort, whereby the union of the two is not only expedited, but effected at such a degree of heat as to insure the formation of a permanent gas between them, previous to its passage into the receiver thereby preventing the future formation of pyroligneous acid, tar, and other kindred substances.

To enable others skilled in the art to make construct and use my invention I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation in detail.

In the accompanying dawing the three retorts used in this instance are represented being cast in one piece, but they may all be done separately and afterward fitted and secured together in any suitable manner.

In the main retort (A) the material from which the carbureted hydrogen or illuminating gas is to be evolved is placed, while the water from which the hydrogen gas is to be generated is passed into the small retort or boiler (B) through the pipe (C), which for this purpose may be connected with a tank or reservoir of water. The water thus passed into the boiler (B) is generated into steam and passes over the main retort (A) through a pipe (C) leading into the retort (D) where it is brought into contactwith red hot iron or other suitable material for decomposing the steam into its constituent parts, to wit, oxygen and hydro gen gas, the red hotiron taking up the oxygen forming an oxid of iron, and setting free the hydrogen, which pases off along with the undecomposed steam at the rear end of the retort, and is led into the contracted part of the main retort through an opening (a) in its side where it mixes with the gaseous products of the wood, coal, or other material being distilled in the main retort (A). The hydrogen being thus mixed with the gaseous products before mentioned previous to its exit from the main retort; and the passage of the combined gases being retarded by the elongated and contracted form of the main retort, and that while under a high degree of heat (about a cherry red heat inasmuch as their union is effected at a point under the direct action of the furnace, the combination of the gases is effected under the most favorable circumstances as well to effect their union as the formation of a permanent gas.

In the use of course of hydrogen the quantity used will be governed by the redundancy of the carbonaceous matter contained in the materials being used for the generation of the illuminating gas.

If deemed advisable iron or other sub stances used for the generation of the hy drogen gas may also be placed in the boiler, but as a rule it is unnecessary, although at times it may be advantageously adopted, or the boiler (B) itself may be dispensed with and the water allowed to drop directly in passing through a flange (it) formed on or otherwise secured to the retorts. Thus secured the joints if deemed necessary for the purpose of preventing the escape of the gas at that end while being generated, may be luted with any suitable material applied in the usual manner.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the elongation and contraction of the rear end of the retort for the purpose of more effectually forming a permanent gas, thereby avoiding the formation of tar and other such substances may be beneficially applied to other retorts besides those in which it is combined with retorts for the generation of hydrogen gas.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. The peculiar arrangement and combination of the retort for generating the hydrogen gas with the main retort for the generation of the illuminating gas substantially as set forth.

2. Elongating and contracting the rear end of the main retort in the manner and for the purposes substantially as set forth.

3. Connecting the rear end of the hydro gen retort with the contracted end of the main retort in the manner and for the purposes substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand to this specification.

o. NI YLER.

Witnesses I. HANNAY, V. M. BRYANT.

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