US2235500A - Heating and ventilating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

March 18,1941. 7 A KWCHEN 2,235,500

HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS Filed 0ct. s, 19:58 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FKANCIS A KTCHEHINVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Mamh 18, 1941. F. A. KITCHEN HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 5, 1938 2 sheets-sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

FnAnubA MTCREH l atentecl I8, 1941' UNITED r STATES .PATENT "OFFICE arraaa'rus more A. Kitchen: Cleveland, 01110 Application oeiober s, 1938; serial No. 233,134

7 Claims. (oi; 23'1- -2) Y areas of the room at a different temperature and in such a manner as to form a heat radiant 'surface for occupants near such outside exposed window area. i

A further object of this invention is toprovide an improved apparatus for circulating air and providing heat radiant surface near exposed surfaces which can control the temperature more acccurately throughout the room when the temperature control thermostat is placed on the interior of theroom.

A further object of the invention is to provide .29 an improved apparatus for circulating air and providing a combination heat radiant surface and forced circulation below window area at a different temperature and air pressure, both being equipped from a single motor unit, with the ar- 2;3 rangement ofthe elements to be of small and compact size. .n The heating and circulating unit placed in. a room is so constructed that it will drawair from the inside as well as from the outside of the building. Theunit forces the air by a mechanical means through a single heat exchange surface, and part of the air through an additional heat exchange surface to a' temperature radiant surface so placed that the air currents are directed over the glass areas above the zone of occupancy, while the radiant surfaces are directed towards and into the zone. of occupancy; the excess air being" directed above the zone of occupancy towards the interior of the room. The zone of occupaney is considered to be below four feet above Fig. 3 is'a'n enlarged view ofthe circulating and heating unit showing the arrangement of the v parts and spaces provided for circulating air to the heat radiant surfaces.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the ventilating unit placed as shown inFlg. 3 showing a portion of the outside wall and floor of the'building. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the combination air opening I.

circulating unit and temperature radiant surface 1 located under exposed glass 'areaand'connected .to the unit shown in Figs, 3 and 4.

Referring to the.drawings,.in -l .is shown a portion of the building structure consisting of a sec- 0nd floor room 3 withoutsidet glass areas 2. A unit heater is shown placed near the outside wall and a. fiat surfaced duct. 5.1a placed under the window area connectingto, said heater 4. ,An ad- 'ditionaLfiat surfaced duct 6 is shown connected -9 in Fig. 2.

The single arrows in Fig. 2 show the travel of air from discharge ,opening 1 towards the interior of the room and around thermostat 21 usually placed on an inside wall. travel back to the unit through opening 8 or are exhausted from the room through opening Ill.

The enlarged heating and ventilating unit 4 shown in Fig. 3 consists of a motor I I connected by shaft to blowers I 2 and HA. Blowers I ZA are 3 connected attheir outlets through heat exchange surface l1 and thence through secondary heat I exchange surface I8 and I9 to chambers I4 and I6 which open into flat surfaced ducts 5 and B.

Blowers l2 are connected at their outlets 35 through a portion of extended heat transfer surface I'I into chamber l5 and thence through opening I into the room. y

A motorized valve 20 actuated by thermostat 2 1 is connected to steam supply line 22 and to heat 40 transfer surface l8 and I9 which are connected v by pipe 26. An additional motorized, valve 2| also actuated by thermostat 21 is; connected to steam supply line 22 and to heat transfer surface i'l. Heat surfaces l1, l8 and I9 are drained by .45

openings through traps to return pipe 23.

The heating and ventilating unit} in Fig. 4 is connected to the outside -of the room-through opening 24 and to the inside of the room through 50 The combination air duct and temperature ra diant surface I is shown-in Fig. 5 under exposed glass area. Single arrows indicate the air travel above the zone ofoccupancy and opposing'the natural air currents over g1 area 2. Double 55 The air currentsthen 25 arrows indicate the temperature radiant eifect into zone of occupancy.

This improved apparatus for circulating air and providing temperature radiant surfaces results in more comfortable conditions for all occupants of a classroom or other space filled with human beings. It is well known that the human body loses heat in three ways, i. e., conduction, convection and radiation.

Heretofore it has been common practice to provide unit ventilators with separate steam radi ators as auxiliary heaters whose main purpose was to provide a large amount of heat by convection with a small amount of high temperature radiant energy. Such equipment resultedin very unequal heating and ventilating of a roofn, and

unpleasant reactions from those placed close to the high temperature radiators.

Ordinary classrooms filled with occupants sometimes require ventilation air to be below room temperature and directed towards the interior of the room while at the same time requiring a medium temperature to air and radiant surface near the outside walls and windows, so that the occupants near those areas can be made comfortable.

It is well known that the human body becomes uncomfortably chilled when seated in 72 air and near to a cold wall or window. This is largely due to the increased radiation of heat from the body to the walls. When a warm radiant surface is so positioned that it will counterbalance the area and position of the cold walls and glass, the loss of heat from the body by radiation becomes more normal and consequently more comfortable.

A small amount of warmed air is used for the purpose of heating a fairly large exposed surface of steel or similar material to a temperature of approximately 100 to and provides the needed radiant surface. The air so circulated is further used to oppose the natural air currents .which fall towards the floor, thus resulting in uniform air temperature around, and heat balance for, human bodies near these areas.

The improved apparatus for combining this system of producing comfort near outside walls with an apparatus for'circulating the air towards the interior of the room which may require temperatures below the room temperature to maintain comfort, is considered new and novel from a single unit ventilator. Such an apparatus reduces the cost of equipment and results in body radiant effect of air circulation over the win- 'dow area. This is needed because the interior of a typical room may hold as many as thirty human bodieswhose combined heating capacity may exceed the'normal heat loss of the room, while those sitting near the cold wall are exposed to a constant radiant heat loss irrespective of the temperature of the interior of the room.

It is evident that the air pressures required to force air through two heat transfer surfaces and through a duct are much greater than the pressures required to force air through a single heat transfer surface and opening into a room. A new and novel apparatus for accomplishing this result from a single motive power supply is herewith disclosed. The separation into chambers'of the series of blowers used in a unit ventilator permits definite pressure-to be set up for. both functions of the unit.

The limiting of the air temperature leaving chambers l5, and I! to a predetermined point to avoid cold drafts would be considered an optional part of the system.

The use of a humidifying source for the air passing through chamber I! would be considered an optional part of the system.

Havingthus described my invention, I claim:

1. A unit assembly for heating and ventilating rooms in buildings, having outside walls including in combination a heat exchange surface positioned adjacent the outside wall of a room, a flattened duct positioned adjacent said outside wall andextending across the zone of occupancy of said room, said duct being formed with upwardly directed air outlet openings adJacent its upper portion, means for blowing air over said heat exchange surface and into said flattened culation currents over said outside wall areas will be set up and said duct will become heated to radiate heat energy into the zone of occupancy.

2. An assembly as in claim 1 including means for directing a portion of the air'blown over said heat exchange surface directly into the room being heated.

3. An assembly as in claim 1 including means for introducing air from the exterior of the room being heated to said heat exchange surface.

4. An assembly as in claim 1 in which said roomls provided with an exhaust opening adapted to remove air from the room.

5. An assembly as in claim 1 including in combination an auxiliary heating surface adapted to reheat the air passing over said first heat exchange surface before it is introduced into said flattened duct.

6. An assembly as in claim 1 in which said heat exchange surface is provided with heating means, means for introducinga heating medium to said heating means and thermostatic means responsive to the temperature of the room for controlling said heating medium.

7. An assembly as in claim 1 including in combination an auxiliary heat exchange surface positioned in the path of the air leaving said first heat exchange surface and passing into said flattened duct, said heat exchange surface being provided with heating means, including means for introducing a heating medium to said heating means and thermostatic means responsive to the temperature of the room for controlling said heating medium.

, FRANCIS A. KITCHEN.

duct, the construction being such that air cir- Y

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