US2225359A - Horizontal chamber oven or the like for the production of gas and coke - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 17, 1940- P. VAN ACKEREN 2,225,359

HORIZONTAL CHAMBER OVEN OR THE LIKE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GAS AND COKE Filed Jan[ 9; 1939 'l/I/I/ ////1//// ,,/l

W: @aamm/ Patented Dec. 17, 1940 UNITED stares rarest orrlcs HORIZONTAL CHAMBER OVEN OR THE LIKE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GAS AND COKE Application January 9, 1939, Serial No. 249,833 In Germany January 14, 1938 1 Claim.

The invention relates to horizontal chamber or retort ovens for the production of gas and coke comprising one or more horizontal coking chambers or retortsthe walls of which are provided with heating lines and more particularly to that type of chamber or retort coke oven in which a rich gas such as coal distillation gases is introduced into the heating fines of said chamber walls as a heating medium from horizontal distributing channels extending through the masonry forming the base of the heating Walls along the length of said heating Walls, suitable pipes for supply of the heating gas being connected there beneath to the outer end of said distributing channels and my invention is preferably intended for use in the well known regenerative type of horizontal coke ovens of the kind explained above.

Due to the high temperature existing in the heating flues of the coke oven during the operation, the walls of the horizontal gas distributing channels and of the channels and nozzles branching therefrom will attain a correspondingly high temperature. If gas rich in hydrocarbon (the so-called high grade gas) for instance coal distillation gas, is led through the highly heated brick channels, part of the hydrocarbons decomposes with the formation of elementary carbon which precipitates in the form of graphite like deposits especially in the nozzles leading to the heating fiues. In order to counteract the thereby resulting alteration of the cross-sectional area of the nozzles and thus counteract a'disturbance of the gas distribution in the heating fiue system, air is allowed to enter the gas channels from time to time, thus burning oi? the carbon deposits.

It was found that carbon deposits are formed especially at those points where the gas flows through the gas channels at a comparatively low speed preferably at the end of the channel opposite the gas inlet. The burning out of these deposits requires a correspondingly larger amount of air. If the decarbonizing air is introduced through closable openings provided for the gas inlet pipes as usual hitherto then only so much air enters the individual parts of the gas channel by means of the draught existing in the oven as corresponds to the quantity of gas flowing to this part. Consequently the gas nozzles mostly clogged up with these carbon deposits receive the smallest amount of decarbonizing air and are not properly cleaned.

Now, according to the present invention the inlets for the decarbonizing air are provided only at the end opposite the gas inlet of the gas distributing channels. By this arrangement it is possible to distribute during the decarbonizing process the air within the coke oven gas channel system in such a manner that in the individual 5 zones of the system the quantity of decarbonizing air is reciprocally proportional or even greater than the quantity of the heating gas. In this way those parts which are supplied with smaller quantities ofhigh grade gas and which 16 show the maximum of carbon deposits receive larger amounts of decarbonizing air. When applying the present invention it is possible to keep clean the distributing nozzles of the coke oven gas channel system or to remove the detrimental 15 deposits of carbon so that the gas distribution necessary for the uniform heating of the oven is properly maintained.

With the above and other objects and features of my invention in view I will now describe a preferred embodiment of my invention in the form of a regenerative horizontal chamber oven for the production of gas and coke which is illustrated in a vertical cross section on the ac-, companying drawing. H

The oven illustrated on the drawing comprises the coking chamber 1 which is formed by a roof 2 and the walls in which are arranged ordinary vertical heating flues 3 which are connected in pairs. Under the bottom 4 of the chambers are 30 situated the regenerator chambers 5 which are filled in the usual way with a refractory chequer work. Channels 6 lead from the regenerator 5 to the heating flues 3.

The regenerators 5 serve to preheat the air 35 of combustion.

The heating gas is delivered to the heating flues 3 through a horizontal distributing channel 1 which is arranged in the top of the regenerators 5. The vertical channels 8 lead from the channel 1 to the base of the heating flues. Exchangeable nozzle blocks or other suitable regulating means are provided for the gas at the mouth of the channels 8 in order to control the quantity of gas entering the heating flues.

To one end of the heating channels 1 at the outside are connected the gas pipes 9 which are controlled by a shut-cit and regulating valve l9 and which may be connected with the main gas pipe-ll extending along the battery if heating gas is to be introduced into the channel 1.

During one regenerative operating period of the oven, the channel 1 shown on the drawing is not fed the gas, instead of which an adjacent horizontal distributing channel is supplied with 55 the combustion gas, so that the other heating nozzles in the middle of the oven are not always flues of the heating flue pairs (shown as not being connected to channel I, on the drawing) receive combustion gas. In this operating period, air may be introduced into the channel I through the port provided therefor at the other end of the battery, which port is closed by a lid l2. The air is sucked into the channel 1 by means of the vacuum (draft) existing in the oven heating fiues 3 and burns off the carbon deposits which have formed in the channel 1 and the adjoining distributing ducts 8 as well as in the gas nozzles.

The lid H of the air ports may likewise be provided with suitable pulling devices similar to those for the gas shut-off cocks l0 sothat when reversing the direction of heating, the air flap l2 and the gas cocks l0 may be changed over simultaneously for all the ovens.

Instead of introducing the heating gas only from one side into the channel 1 as shown on the left hand side of the drawing it is also possible to admit the gas from both sides into the channel I. Even in this case the inlet of decarbonizing air is, however, provided only at one side of the battery according to the invention. If gas is introduced from both sides into the channel 1 carbon deposits are formed especially in the middle zone of the channel 1. If also the decarbonizing air is introduced from both sides the sufliciently decarbonized. As soon as the decarbonizing air is, however, introduced only from one side as shown on the drawing so much air reaches the middle of the oven that also when supplying the heating gas from two sides, the central nozzles are sufficiently cleaned.

I have now above described my present invention on the lines of a preferred embodiment thereof but my invention is not limited in all its aspects to the mode of carrying it out as described and shown, since the invention may be variously embodied within the scope of the following claim.

I claim:

Horizontal regenerative chamber oven for the production of gas and coke with provision for the supply of coke oven gas to the heating flues of the chamber heating wall through a horizontal gas distributing channel extending, and communicating with heating flues, along the whole length of the heating wall, characterized in that the gas distributing channel is connected at both of its two opposite ends with gas inlet means therefor and is provided at only one of said two opposite ends with a closable air inlet for feeding decarbonizing air all the way along inside the channel to the gas inlet means at the other end of the channel.

PAUL VAN ACKEREN.

Images