US2223410A - Electric razor - Google Patents

Description

Dec; 3, 1% E. FAVELUKE 2,223,410

ELECTRIC RAZOR I Filed Feb. 25, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR, fuss/w: F14 VEL (/AE VWA/J VW ATTORNEY.

Dec. 3, l. E. FAVELUKE ELECTRIC RAZOR Filed Feb. 25, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f; 37 1 I 2 F 40 7 1| 3" u 5 .IF 2] Iiglfi INVENTOR. EVGEA/E 774M; u/rE ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 3, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

This invention relates generically to power op erated shaving instruments and specifically to brush-type, motor-operated razors which provide means for rapidly reciprocating a hair-severing 5 blade positioned in coacting relationship to a stationary screened and slotted head.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a stationary screened and slotted head possessing structural characteristics conducive to severing the hair from the face as close as it is possible without damaging the skin.

An equally important object of the invention is to provide a stationary screened and slotted head, the structural characteristics of which not only allows the cutting of the'hair of the face but also permits the clipping of the hair from the neck and other portions of ones body whenever desired. 7

A further object of the invention is to provide a stationary screened and slotted head substantially thin in cross section but made of strong and durable metal to resist wear and to permit the severing blade to cut the hair as close as possible to the skin.

Another object of the invention is to provide a stationary screened and slotted head, the diameter of the openings in the screen portion and the width of the slots of which are substantially equal to the diameter of the average human hair and which is easily secured to or removed from its operating position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a stationary screened and slotted head which acts as the carriage and support for the severing I5 blade.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of. means for removably securing the stationary screened and slotted head to the casing of the razor.

.0 An object of the invention as important as any of those heretofore mentioned is the provision of a severing blade possessing structural characteristics for permitting not only the cutting of the hair from the face without injury to the skin but- 5 also the shearing or clipping of hair from other parts of the body.

An equally important object of the invention is to provide means for rapidly reciprocating the severing blade in a substantiallyhorizontal plane. Another object of the invention is to provide a stationary screened and slotted head and a severing head cooperatively associated therewith, the working face of each being disposed at two different angles. i Still another object of the invention is to provide means for immediately removing the severed hair from the vicinity of the stationary screened and slotted head and severing blade, said means being adapted to cool the motor also.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for trapping the cut hair within the interior of the casing.

A further object of the invention is to provide means by which rotatable driving motion is translated to reciprocating motion and is in turn 1 transferred to the severing blade slidably disposed and coacting with a stationary screened and slotted head.

Another object of the invention is to provide a bearing for the shaft of the motor which not 15 only resists wear but also assists in reducing noise.

As the following detailed description of the invention unfolds itself, other objects and advantages inherent in the invention will become 20 apparent, especially when the same is studied in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification and which, by way of example, illustrates the preferred mode by which the invention may be applied 25 in practice and in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partially in section, of an electric razor embodying the principles of my invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective rear view of a sta- 30 tionary head embodying the principles of my invention;

Figure 3 is a perspective rear view of a movable cutting blade embodying the principles of my invention;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the filter and filter-carrying frame;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary, sectional side view of the filter and its frame, showing its position with respect to the motor housing and the means 4 for holding the same in place;

Figure 6 is a plan view, partially in section, taken on line 6-6 of Figure 1, looking in the direction indicated, showing the means used for 5 transmitting reciprocatory motion to the cutting blade;

Figure 7 is a side elevation of the razor fully assembled, embodying the principles of my invention; and

Figure 8 is a view taken on the identical lines of Figure 6, but showing a slightly modified means employed for transmitting reciprocatory motion to the cutting blade. v

The same reference numerals and characters are employed in the several figures of the drawings to designate identical parts.

The invention consists of a cylindrical motor housing I fabricated from any plastic, such as Bakelite, having an efficient electrical and thermal insulation factor. A motor of any desirable construction, but preferably a brush-type motor, having the usual armature 2, field coil 3, commutator 4 and adjustable carbon brushes 5, is confined within the housing I. A bearing 6 is secured to the armature shaft 1 and is positioned with respect to housing I so that no foreign substance can enter into the interior 8 of the housing I in which the motor is located. Electrical energy is supplied to the motor, in accordance. with well-known practice, by wire 9 leading to a source of supply not shown; and a suitable switch I0 is interposed between the wire and the motor, so that the motor may be energized or de-energized whenever desired. An external thread II is provided at the top of housing I and a circular opening I2 is formed in the wall of the housing I.

A frame I3 in which a screen I4 is secured, is removably supported within the opening I2 against the annular seat I5 provided adjacent the circumference of opening I2. Annular groove I6 is formed within the housing as best shown in, Figure 5, and a retention wire I! is seated therein, so that it rests against the frame I3.

' In this manner the frame I3 is held securely opening I2.

' I9 in a manner shortly to be described. Casing I9 is threadedly secured to housing I by means of internal thread 20.

An annular internal flange 2| is formed immediately above the internal thread 20, providing between the top of the housing I and the flange 2| an annular space in which the periphery 22 of the disk fan 23 is positioned. The diameter of the disk fan is minutely less than the diameter of the annular space heretofore referred to. The slight tolerance therebetween avoids friction and, in keeping the periphery of the fan confined as stated, vibration is reduced to a minimum. The disk fan 23 is secured to the armature shaft I in any desirable manner and the blades 24, punched out from the disk,

are inclined at an angle to induce a suction of the air contained within theinterior I8 to thereby draw into the interior'of the casing the cut hair and to drive said air toward the screen I4 to be exhausted through said screen and thus trap the cut hair.

The armature shaft '7 extends for a substantial distance upwardly until its end 25 is confined within the jeweled bearing 26 disposed in the top of easing I9. 1

For the purpose of translating the rotative motion of shaft l to the desired reciprocatory motion necessary to actuate the cutting blade soon to be described, an eccentric 2'? is secured to the armature shaft 7 as shown in Figure 6 and an arm 28 is pivotally secured to the casing I9 in any desirable manner, as by shaft 29 confined in journal brackets 30 and 3I. An ovalshaped opening 32 isformed in arm 28 and this opening encircles the eccentric 2! which rides upon the inner wall 33 of opening 32. The degree of horizontal reciprocation is controlled by the size of the eccentric and of the opening;

and the speed of reciprocation is, of course, controlled by the motors speed of rotation. A pair of tapered fingers 34 and 35 project from the corners of the end 36. The tapered fingers 34 and 35 fit into V- shaped grooves 31 and 38 formed in blocks 39 and 40 respectively. These blocks are secured to or are an integral part of the cutting blade, designated generally by reference character A. By this construction the imperceptible arc described by the arm 28 as it is reciprocated does not affect the horizontal movement of the blade A as it in turn is reciprocated by the arm 29 since the connection between the arm and blade is not tight fitting but ample tolerance is allowed between the tapered fingers and the grooves in the blocks.

The cutting blade A, made of case-hardened metal to resist wear, and best shown in Figure 3, possesses a base 4|. An arcuatelyshaped wall 42, in which a plurality of elongated, vertical slots 43 are formed, extends upwardly from the base. The outer faces of the vertical bars 44, created from the formation of the slots 43, are provided with sharp cutting faces which efficiently sever the hair in a manner soon to be related. A ledge 45 is formed on top of the wall 42 and extends inwardly therefrom and is disposed in parallel .relation to base 4I. Another vertical wall 46, offset from wall 42 and extending upwardly from ledge 45, has a pair of spaced rectangular openings 41 and 48 formed therethrough. A plurality of shearing fingers 49 extend upwardly and rearwardly from the top of wall 46, forming therebetween a plurality of open-ended slots 50. The working faces of these fingers are also sharpened and are adapted-to clip hair presented thereto. This completes the description of the structural details of the cutting blade A. Its position and relation to the stationary head, not yet described, and its mode of operation, will shortly be stated.

The stationary head, designated generally by reference character B, is best shown in Figure 2. Head B is made of case-hardened metal to resist wear and has a base 5|. A flange 52 extends upwardly from the base and has a pair of open slots 53 and 54 disposed in spaced relation to each other and T-shaped in cross section. An arcuately shaped wall 55, having perforations 56 substantially throughout its area, extends upwardly from base 5|. The contours of wall 55 are substantially identical to the contours of wall 42, but its height and its width is slightly greater than the height and width of wall 42 Furthermore, the width of the base 5| disposed between flange 52 and wall is slightly greater than the width of base M of cutting blade A.

The area designated by reference numeral 51 forms a seat for base 4|, when wall 42 of blade A is placed against the inner face of wall 55 of stationary head B. Stationary head B has inwardly extending flange 58 formed at the top of wall 55 and its width is slightly less than the width of ledge 45. A plurality of rearwardly inclined, inverted L-shaped fingers 59 extend A pair of guide and retaining lugs 64 and 65 extend from the flange 58 in spaced parallel relationship to each other. Rectangular grooves 66 and 61 are formed at the bottom of lugs 64 and 65 respectively. The width of lugs 64 and 65 is materially less than the width of slots 41 and 46 formed in cutting blade A in which these lugs are respectively inserted. Furthermore the height of the slots 41 and 48 is slightly greater than that of the lugs. The advisability of these provisions will shortly become apparent. A locking plate 68 extends from the bar 6|. This completes the detailedndescription of the structural characteristics of stationary head B.

The cutter blade A must first be placed in position to coact with stationary blade B before the stationary blade B is secured to casing l9.

This is accomplished by placing fingers 49 under bar 6| and into track 62, while at the same time inserting lugs 64 and 65 into slots 41 and 48. When this is accomplished, the base 4| is'fitted into the space 51, so that it rests upon the base 5| of stationary head B. When cutting blade A is thus fitted into stationary head B, the assembled unit is ready for" connection to the casing I 9.

Before explaining the manner of securing the assembled unit to the casing, it is desirable to point out additional structural characteristics possessed by casing i 9. Casing l9 has a pair of T-shaped wings 69, only one of which is shown in Figure 1, extending outwai'dly from the end 18. These wings are positioned so that the open-ended slots 53 and 54 are in registerable alignment therewith. A pair of arms 1|, only one of which is shown in Figure 1, each having a groove 12 into which the wall formed by groove 68 and 61 fits when the assembled unit is positioned for operation, extends from the sides of the casing. A groove 18 is formed on the top 15 of easing l9 and plate 68 fits therein. A slidably disposed locking plate 16, whose movement may berestricted by threaded member 11, is adapted for covering plate 68, when it is placed within the groove 13. To assemble the unit formed by cutting blade A and head B, so that the cutting blade A may be reciprocated by arm 28, the open-ended slots 53 and 54 are first placed in registerable alignment with the T-shaped 0 wings 69 and the plate 68 is placed in registerable alignment with groove 13. These elements then are slipped into their respective places and the locking plate 16 is locked against the plate 68. It will be seen that the space formed between the two arms 1| communicates with the compartment 18 formed when the assembled unit is placed in operative connection on casing l9. In this manner the hair clipped by the action ef the fingers 49 and 59 falls and is drawn into the interior H! by fan 23. Once the unit formed by cutting blade A and stationary head B is secured to casing l9 as explained, the razor is ready for operation. It is evident that, when the motor is energized, the shaft 1 will be rotated and the arm 28 will be reciprocated; and since the arm 28 has, its tapered fingers 34 and 35 positioned in the tapered grooves 31 and 38 respectively secured to the cutting blade A, the 7 cutting blade A will also be reciprocated, so that its wall 42 and its fingers 49 will rapidly move in working relation. agamst wall 55 and fingers 59 respectively of stationary head B. Thus any. hair which enters into the perforations 56 or slots 68 will be severed by bars 44 or by fingers 49 of cutting blade A and when the hair is thus severed the rotation of fan 23 will draw the cut hair into the interior l8 and toward the creen l4. When it is desired to clean the cutter blade A and stationary head B it is necessary only to disengage the threaded member 11, so that the locking plate 16 may be removed from blade'66. Once this is done, the assembled unit may be removed and cleaned. When the screen I4 is found to be well covered with cut hair, it may be easily removed, cleaned, and reinserted. r

In Figure 8 is shown a slightly modified type of arm 28 which performs the same function as the arm shown in Figure 6. The only material difference is in the manner of securing the arm for reciprocation. V sex-ting a shaft 19 through the approximately central portion of the arm 28 and journaling the shaft in any well-known manner within casing IS. The yoke 32 remains the same and the arm operates (in the identical manner as thearm shown in Figure 6 and heretofore described in detail.

From the foregoing description, it will undoubtedly appear that the invention as described satisfies the objects and points out the advantages inherent in the invention, and while the same has been described in connection with a preferred embodiment of the invention, it should .be understood that variants thereof are possible to those skilled in the art. The invention, therefore, in its broader aspect, is not limited to the specific construction herein disclosed and described since changes and alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and upon which I desire to secure Letters Patent is:

l. A razor of the class described, comprising a motor housing, "said housing having an opening formed through its wall, a casing threadably secured to said motor housing, a motor shaft extending upwardly from the motor housing and journaled within said casing, an induction fan secured to said shaft and rotatably disposed within saidcasing, means removably disposed within the opening of said motor housing adapted to retain the cut hair within said casing without interferin'gwith the normal fiow of air caused by the fan, a perforated and multi-slotted stationary head removably securedto said casing, said stationary head comprising a base, an arcuately disposed wall extending upwardly theresaid bar.

2. Arazorof the class described, comprising a motor housing, said housing having an opening formed through its wall, a casing threadably secured tosaid motor housing, a motor shaft extending upwardly from the motor housing and journaled 'withinsaid casing, an induction fan secured to said shaft and rotatablydisposed within said casing, means removably disposed within This is accomplished by inthe opening of said motor housing adapted to retain the cut hair within said casing without interfering with the normal flow of air caused by the fan, a perforated and multi-slotted stationary head removably secured to said casing, means for securing said head to said casing, a cutting blade associated with said head and movable transversely thereto to thereby periodically move back and forth across the perforations and slots in said head for cutting facial hairs from the skin, said cutter blade comprising a base, an arcuately-shaped wall extending upwardly therefrom, said wall having a plurality of vertically extending slots therein to form cutting bars therebetween, a ledge extending inwardly from the top of said wall, another wall extending upwardly from said ledge, said wall having a pair of rectangular openings therethrough, a plurality of rearwardly inclined shearing fingers extending from the top of said wall, and a pair of V-grooved blocks secured to said last-mentioned wall.

3. A stationary head to be used with a razorof the class described, comprising, a base, an arcuately disposed wall extending upwardly therefrom, said wall having a plurality of periorations therethrough, a flange extending upwardly from said base, said flange having a pair of T-shaped open-ended slots, another flange extending inwardly from said wall, a plurality of rearwardly inclined inverted L-sha'ped fingers extending from said flange, a bar disposed transversely of and at the extreme ends of said fingers, said bar and the ends of said fingers forming a trackway, a pair of guide and retaining lugs extending from said flange, and a locking plate extending from said bar.

4. A cutter blade to be used with a razor of the class described, comprising, a base, an arcuatelyshaped wall extending upwardly therefrom, said wall having a plurality of vertically extending slots therein to form cutting bars therebetween, a ledge extending inwardly from the top of said wall, another wall extending upwardly from said ledge, said wall having a pair of rectangular openings therethrough, a plurality of rearwardly inclined shearing fingers extending from the top of said wall, and a pair of V-grooved blocks secured to said last-mentioned wall.

EUGENE FAVELUKE.

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