US2214014A - Calcijiating machine - Google Patents

Description

p 0, 1940. E. H. DREHER 2,214,014

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed J1me 17, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ELMER H. DREHER HIS A TORNEY 'P 1940- E. H. DREHER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 17, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ELMER H. DREHER BYflZ/W/ ms A ORNEY 9 next higher order.

Patented Sept. 10, 1940 PATENT OFFICE 2,214,014 CALCULATING MACHINE ElmerH. Dreher, Rockville Centre, N. Y., assignor to Remington Rand Inc., Bufialo, N. Y., a cor- V poration of Delaware Application June 17,

3 Claims.

This invention relates to an integrating mechanism and more particularly to the carrying device in an integrating mechanism for calculating machines of the character disclosed in the patent 5 to Adolph Baumann et a1. 1,886,148.

In the calculating machine referred to above, the partial products resulting from the multiplication of two numbers are segregated into a series of receivers. These receivers are arranged in banks, in orders corresponding to the orders of the final product. The settings of the receivers are condensed into a series of product heads on which the result appears and from which it can mechanism. The excess setting of a receiver bank is transferred to the bank of the next higher order by a suitable carry mechanism. The condensing and carry features are fully described and disclosed in the patent to Adolph Baumann et al. 1,928,874. In describing the new device, the same reference characters will be used for like elements disclosed in the last mentioned patent. I

In machines of this character, it is often desirable to round off to the nearest half, a certain order of the product obtained. For instance, if interest on money is being calculated, the product would be carried to four places beyond the decimal. It is obvious, however, thatonly two places are necessary. Therefore, it is desirable that the third placebe rounded off from zero to five as zero, and from five to nine as one in the For example, if it is desired to take 12% of $21.56, the result would be $25872. This numberjwhen rounded off according to well known practice, would be 2.59; whereas if the result had been 2.5844, the rounded off number would then be 2.58. It is obvious from the above, that the digit 5 or more in the rounding oif position must cause the machine to carry one into the next higher order, whereas no. carry occurs, if the rounded ofi digit is less than five.

There are instances, however, when it would be necessary to use the same machine to determine overhead, for instance, in which .4 of 5.36 would result in a producthaving three places, i. e. 2.044. It is apparent that the carry mechanism used in the first problem would not be satisfactory in the second.

The normal carry mechanism comprisesa drive cam secured to the receiver shaft and cooperating with a comb plate having a finger thereon for transmitting the excess to the receiver bank 55 of the next higher order. The cam is secured to r be taken by any suitable designating or printing 1936, Serial No. 85,756

the shaft in a fixed position to carry when the head passes the digit nine position.

It is the principal object of this invention to provide an optionally adjustable cam member which may be angularly positioned to carry, either in the five-or nine position.

A further object is to provide a mechanism for angularly adjusting the carry cam without altering the machine. 10

Another object is to provide a plurality of said adjustable cams in a machine, thereby permitting the rounding off to be performed in any one of a plurality of orders.

A still further object is to provide a blocking device whereby-the printing mechanism may be selectively disabled.

Another object is to provide a more flexible and efficient calculating machine.

A more clear conception of further objects, construction and operation of the invention may be had from the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a detail plan view of the integrating mechanism showing the elements of the new carry mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a continuation of the operating links disclosed in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail side elevation of the receivers and shaft disclosing the carry mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a cross section taken through the center line of one of the receiver shafts.

Fig. 6 is a development of an operating sleeve for a carry cam.

Fig. '7 is a detail schematic showing the relation between the carry cam and transfer comb in the normal or nine position.

Fig. 8 is similar to Fig. 6 showing the cam in the five carry position. 40

Fig. 9 is a detail of a print hammer blocking mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a cross section through the hammer section of the machine along line Ill-l 0 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a detail view of the print hammers and blocking combs in normal position.

Referring to the accompanying drawings and more particularly, first to Figs. 1, 4 and 5, (in which the reference characters of all similar 60 'parts are as employed in the Patent 1,928,874, re-, ferred to above) 9| (Fig. l) designates a shaft of which there is a series arranged in parallel relation, the shafts being mounted in brackets 92 on base I. Mounted on each shaft is a series of re- 55 of receivers;

ceivers 93, each receiver having steps thereon as disclosed and described in the above patent. These receivers are mounted on the shafts with the stepped portion telescoped into the sleeve portion of the next. The sleeve portion of each is provided with a guide slot 96 in and along which moves an index formed on collar 98. This collar is provided with a flange arranged for coupling with a suitable control mechanism, whereby the collar may be set to the various digital positions along the receiver. The coupling to the control mechanism comprises a fork member which permits free rotation of the collar. The end receivers at the bottom (Fig. l) are suitably connected to the head I08 on the bracket 92 so as to be, in effect, held stationary. The receivers 930 at the other end of each bank (withthe exception of the first from the right) are formed with steps 940. The receiver in the first bank from the right is connected directly to shaft 9|, whereas the remaining receivers are connected by a collar 9 I| which cooperates with a lug on the end of the receiver 930.

The receivers 930 are formed with steps 940 arranged to be engaged by a stop lug or index H8, while each receiver has a lug thereon which is arranged to engage a bracket 9.

At the end of each shaft 9| is secured a product cup or result head I I0 (Fig. 4) having a series of steps III for registering the product.

A finger I20 having a step or lug |22 thereon, is provided which is adapted to move into engagement with the steps III and thus set the type bars I28 to print the digit corresponding to the step I I A Bowden wire (not shown) connects the finger I20 tothe type bar I28 (Fig. 10). This connection is fully described and illustrated in Fig. 28 of the Patent 1,886,143

Each shaft 9| has a disc cam 2 arranged to engage teeth on a comb H4 on which is formed the stop lug H8. The purpose of this mechanism is to transfer the excess or carry setting from one bank to the next higher order bank The extreme upper ends of the shafts 9| are provided withbevel gears 232 which mesh with similar gears 23| secured to shaft 230.

The above mechanism is described and disclosed in the two patents above referred to. As the partial products are segregated, the collars 98 are shifted, thereby setting their lugs in slots 96 in accordance with the digits of the partial product. After the various indices are set, the shaft 230 is rotated, thereby yieldingly rotating the shafts 9|, thus accumulating the receiver settings in each bank in its respective product cup I I0. In the meantime, any shaft 9| that has been rotated through a complete revolution, will have caused the cam M2 to shift the comb slide H4 one tooth, thereby moving the stop 8 one posi tion and transferring one into the next higher order bank by permitting the receiver 930 to be displaced one step. This movement is accumulated in the cup III) of that order, and thus, the final product or result is set in the steps III of the product cup.

The above mechanism has been disclosed and claimed in the above patents, so therefore, does not constitute a part of the new device except as it is necessary for a more complete understanding thereof.

In order to provide a means for optionally rounding off one half in any one of a nurfrber of orders such as described above, the carry disc cam H2 is made angularly adjustable from a normal position where the transfer occurs between nine and "zero" to one in which the transfer occurs between four and five.

A sleeve In (Figs. 4 and 5) is slidably mounted on shaft 9| for transverse movement. The sleeve is provided with a slot II which cooperates with a pin |2 secured in the shaft. A cam sleeve |4 corresponding to that for disc 2 is loosely mounted on the sleeve Ill and is held from transverse movement on the sleeve by a U-shaped bracket l5 secured to the base I in which it is free to revolve about the sleeve ID. The sleeve M has a reduced portion on which is positioned the cam disc |6 corresponding to disc N2 of a normal carry sleeve. A collar I1 is used to hold the disc IS in place and is fastened thereto by any well known means, such as spinning in place. In the sleeve I4 is located a pilot screw |8 which travels in a cam slot I9 cut in the sleeve ID. This slot is shown developed in Fig. 6. A lip 20 is provided by means of which the sleeve I0 maybe moved transversely. Any transverse movement of the sleeve Ill will cause a corresponding rotation of the cam sleeve I4, thereby varying the angular adjustment of the camming surface or rise 2| in the cam disc l6.

The sleeve I0 is moved transversely by a linkage comprising a T-shaped arm 25 (Figs. 1 and 2) which is pivoted at 26 on a post 21 secured to the base The opposite end of the arm is provided with a slotted swivel post 28 in which is positioned the lip 20. The leg 29 of the arm 25 is pivotedly connected to a link 30 formed as shown which extends to the front of the machine and terminates in a handle portion 3|.

The handle portions 3| are positioned in a comb member 32 (Fig. 3) secured to the base Fastened to the top of comb 32 is a spring comb 33, the teeth of which press the lower edge of the bars 30 against the comb 32. This edge is provided with notches 34 and 35 and a stop lug 36. With the handle 3| in the position shown in Fig. 3, the cam I6 is in position to transfer in the nine position. When the handle 3| is pushed in (to the right Fig. 3) until the notch 34 engages the comb 32 the arm 25 is rotated in a clockwise direction (Fig. 2), thereby moving the sleeve ID to the right, thus causing the sleeve I4 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction (Fig. 1), thus positioning the rise 2| of the carry cam in a position to transfer between the four and five" positions.

In Figs. 7 and 8, the relation between the product head H9, carry cam rise 2| and the transfer comb H4 are shown. These figures are in substance diagrammatic, the numbers on the sleeve I0 representing, not the position of the sleeve, but the position of the steps III on the product head III]. In Fig. 8, the rise 2| is shown just entering the comb H4, and it'willbe'noted that the zero step of the head H6 is opposite the inner edge of the rise 2|, thus indicating that the carry occurs between the nine and zero positions. In Fig.7, the cam "5 has been angularly displaced to cause the rise 2| to transfer between four and five. In this position, it will be noted, that the five step of the head H0 is now opposite 'the inner or operative edge of the rise 2|.

It is obvious from Fig. 1, that the rounding off' may be carried out in either the second, third, or fourth order. It is also apparent that if the rounding off" occurs in. for instance, the third order, it is desirable that the printing of the digits registered in that and all lower orders be prevented. For this purpose, a device is provided for selectively blocking the print hammers of any or all of the four lower orders.

In view of the fact that the printing mechanism is old in the art and fully disclosed and described in the Patent 1,886,148, only those parts of the mechanism which cooperate with the new print block device have been shown. Fig. 9 is a reproduction of a portion of Fig. 2 of the patent with the new mechanism in position. Fig. 10 is a reproduction of a portion of Fig. 6 of the same patent showing the new device. Wherever possible identical elements have been designated with the same numbers as in the patent.

The printing mechanism comprises a type bar I28, (Fig. 10), which is set by and connected to the finger I20 referred to above, in the manner fully disclosed and described in the Patent 1,886,- 148. The finger I20 causes the type to be positioned to the correct level with respect to the platen I3I. The hammers I4I are held inoperative by a trigger I54 which, when rotated in a counterclockwise direction, permits the hammers I4I to snap up under the tension of springs I44 to strike the type in the bar I28. It is obvious that if the hammers I4I are blocked by any means, they cannot rise even if the trigger I54 is operated.

The print block device as used in this machine, comprises a comb member 40 as shown in Fig. 9 which is adapted to be shifted to locate the teeth of the comb over the ends of the print hammers I4I. This comb has twopositions, one in which the hammers I4I are free and the other in which they are blocked. The comb 40 is slidably mounted in the frame members I42 by ears M and is shifted by the operation of the subtraction key (not shown) or by a handle 42 which is integral with a member 43 sliding on a bar 44 fastened to I the side frames I42. The member 43 is provided with slots 45 cooperating with studs 46 on the bar 44. Depending from and integral with the member 43 is a forked arm 41 cooperating with a pin 48 in a short comb plate 49 which is mounted on the comb 40 by a pin and slot connection. It

I will be noted that the slots 58 in the comb 49 extend to either side of the pins so that operation of the comb 40 by the subtract key may be effected without disturbing the short comb 49. The comb '40 has teeth which overlie the groups A and C of the hammers, but is blank over group B (Fig. 11).

The groups A, B, and C, contain the print hammers for printing the multiplier, multiplicand and product respectively. If the machine is used be noted in Fig. 11 that the first tooth from the.

right on comb 49 lwhen in normal position) lies between the second and third print hammer. When the lever 42 is shifted to the right, the comb 49 travels to the right until the slots 50 pick up the pins 5I which in turn slide the comb 40 to the right. The teeth on comb 49 move over one and one-half spaces to blockgroup B while the teeth in comb 49 only move a half space to block the remainder of the print hammers.

The description of the print hammer blocking mechanism so far is for normal or well known operation of the machine. If, however, the rounding off device is used, some additional means must be provided for selectively blocking the lower orders of the product group C.

This means comprises an additional comb 60 having four teeth formed thereon. This comb is controlled by a lever 62 similar to lever 42 and the member 63 is provided with four notches 64 and a detent arm 65 adapted to hold the comb in its respective positions. There is no notch 64 provided in the first position due to the fact that the comb 60 must always be'moved two spaces during the first move. This is done because the first order bank is always blocked regardless of where the rounding off occurs. It is to be understood, however, that this is only true when the rounding off device is used.

In Fig. 11 it will be noted that the first print hammer to the right of group C is slightly offset. This hammer controls the printing of characters for designating total, subtraction, etc. on the first type bar I28, and, therefore, is never blocked by any of the combs. When the comb 60 is shifted to the first notch, it is apparent that the first two teeth 6| will overlie the second and third print hammers HI and I4 I but not the first or character hammer I M Further movement of the comb 60 will block hammer I4I', and so forth.

It will be apparent, therefore, that if the machine is set to round off in the third bank from the right, the print hammers of that order and the lower orders must be blocked. The lever 62 is, therefore, operated to move comb 60 over until the three hammers I4I, I4! and I4I' controlling the numerical printing are blocked.

In operation, if it is desired to round off in the third bank from the right, the handle 3I of lever 30' is pushed in to engage notch 34 with comb 32, thereby angularly adjusting cam disc I6 so that any digit from and including five, to nine" will cause the comb II4 to be shifted one tooth, thereby setting stop IIB to transfer one into the next higher order receiver 930. At the same time the lever 62 having been operated until the detent arm 65 rests in the second notch from the right and print hammers I4I', MI and I4I" are blocked, none of the digits registered in the product cups III] of the three banks to the right are printed.

For example, if the number 1206 is multiplied by 124, the product will be 149544. However, since the digit five occurs in the third order bank which is adjusted to carry between four and five, a one is transferred to the fourth bank. This bank is adjusted to carry at nine, so therefore, the added one will make this bank register a zero in its product cup III] and transfer a one" to the fifth bank which will now register five in its cup IIO. Since the print hammers for the first three banks are blocked, the product printed will be 150.

While the invention is particularly applicable to the general type of machines specifically shown and described in the above mentioned patents, it will be understood that as to some of its features, the invention is applicable in many cases to other forms and types of machines. It will, furthermore, be understood that certain features and sub-combinations are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and sub-combinations; that is contemplated by and is within the scope of the appended claims. It will, furthermore, be understood that various changes may be made in the construction without departing from the spirit of the invention. What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:. v 1. In a calculating machine, a plurality of parallel shafts arranged in banks corresponding to the orders of a product, a plurality of receivers arranged end to end on said shafts, a register connected at the end of each shaft for condensing the accumulated settings of said receivers, a sleeve having a slot therein slidably mounted on one of said shafts, a carrying device for transferring a component from one bank to that of the next higher order, said device having a disc cam therein rotatably mounted on said sleeve, said cam having a pin therein for engagement with said slot for causing angular displacement of said cam with respect to its associated register and a manipulative element for selectively positioning said sleeve on said shaft. I 2. In a calculating machine, a shaft, a carry mechanism comprising a disc cam, said cam being rotatably associated with said shaft and having a single rise thereon, a sliding comb mem-' ber adapted to be displaced by said cam to effect transfer,.an adjustable sleeve on said shaft on which said cam is rotatably mounted, a pin on said cam, a camslot in said sleeve adapted to receive said pin, and a manipulative element whereby said sleeve is moved longitudinally on said shaft to vary in which said cam will displace said comb.

3. In a calculating machine, a rotary register shaft, a longitudinally adjustable member mounted on said shaft andheld from rotary movement thereon, a sleeve mounted for rotary adjustment about said member and having .a

carry cam, means for restraining said cam sleeve from longitudinal movement, and meansfor adjusting said cam sleeve by-the longitudinal movement of said member, and manipulative-means for imparting longitudinal movement to said member and maintaining said member and sleeve in adjustment relative to said shaft.

ELMER H. DREHER.

the relative angular position-

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