US2198660A - Treatment of textile and other materials - Google Patents
Treatment of textile and other materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2198660A US2198660A US105927A US10592736A US2198660A US 2198660 A US2198660 A US 2198660A US 105927 A US105927 A US 105927A US 10592736 A US10592736 A US 10592736A US 2198660 A US2198660 A US 2198660A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- materials
- cellulose
- foils
- yarns
- films
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 52
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012237 artificial material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MOMFXATYAINJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Acetylthiazole Chemical group CC(=O)C1=NC=CS1 MOMFXATYAINJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000397 acetylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 ribbons Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
- D06M11/385—Saponification of cellulose-acetate
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
- D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in the treatment of textile and other materials and is more particularly concerned with increasing the tensile strength of certain esterified or etherified cellulose products.
- the appropriate pressure may be used either to maintain the steam in a saturated or wet condition or to maintain the water in the liquid state
- regenerated cellulose materials which have been acetylated in suspension (so as not to lose their fibrous form) in presence of hydrolytic agents, for example sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid or strongly acid salts such as bisulphates, zinc chloride, ferric chloride and the like, are more amenable to the stretching treatment than are similar materials which have been acetylated in the presence of catalytic agents such as sodium or potassium acetate or tertiary organic bases which have no substantial hydrolytic action upon cellulose.
- catalytic agents such as sodium or potassium acetate or tertiary organic bases which have no substantial hydrolytic action upon cellulose.
- the degree of esterification also has an effect. Acetylation to the mono-acetate stage only produces a material which is not very amenable to the stretching treatment in the steam or hot water.
- Saponification may be carried out to such an extent that the materials are insoluble in organic solvents, or it may be interrupted before this stage is reached and while the materials are still soluble in organic solvents, and the process of the present invention is applicable to the sapon'ified materials whether they are soluble or insoluble in organic solvents.
- Saponifying the ordinary acetone-soluble cellulose acetate filaments and threads to produce a loss in weight of, say, 5% to 10% on the initial weight of the materials, 25 does not produce any marked change in the extent to which the materials may be stretched.
- the saponification is carried further, say to a loss in weight of 10% or 20% or more, the ability to stretch in the steam or hot water progressively decreases.
- the process of the present invention is also applicable to the stretching of artificial materials, whether soluble or insoluble in organic solvents, obtained by esterifying or etherifying natural or 35 regenerated cellulose filaments, fibres, foils and other materials while maintaining the materials in their original form, e. g., by acetylating in benzene or other non-solvent liquid.
- Stretching in the presence of steam or hot 40 water also improves the properties, and particularly the tensile strength of artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by subjecting to esterification or etherification, for example in the presence of ferric chloride, 45 sodium acetate or zinc chloride, artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials having a basis of a cellulose ester or ether, and the processes described in the present application are also applicable to such materials.
- high degrees of stretch may be obtained, e. g., stretches up to several hundreds per cent. Ifi general, the higher the stretch required or the greater the rate of stretching required, the higher will be the temperature of the treatment.
- the materials to be treated according to the invention may initially have any desired lustre from a high lustre to medium lustre or approximately the lustre of natural silk or even a dull lustre or no lustre at all. Thus, the materials may have a low lustre due to the presence therein of titanium dioxide or other pigments.
- the stretching operation may be carried out upon the materials during the course of their travel from one point to another, i. e., upon the running materials.
- the treatment may be applied to a single thread, e. g., during winding from a cake or cheese or bobbin on to a bobbin, or it may be applied to a number of threads simultaneously.
- threads may be stretched while running from one creel of bobbins to another creel.
- Example 1 Cellulose acetate yarn having an acetyl content of about 56 to 58% obtained by the acetylation of an ordinary commercial cellulose acetate yarn in the presence, for example, of ferric chloride, sodium acetate or zinc chloride as catalyst is stretched while passing through wet steam at a temperature of 150 to 155 C.
- Example 2 Cellulose acetate yarn which has been saponified with aqueous methylamine until its acetyl content has been reduced to about 45 to 48% is stretched while passing through hot water at a temperature of to C.
- Example 3 Cellulose acetate yarn which is insoluble in organic solvents and has been obtained by the acetylation of regenerated cellulose yarn in the presence of, for example, zinc chloride as catalyst, and which contains 1 to 2 acetyl groups per C6H1005 molecule is stretched while passing through wet steam at a temperature of to C.
- the yarn treated according to each of the above examples has an improved tensile strength.
- Stretched cellulose derivative materials may be subjected to any desired after-treatment processes.
- the stretched materials may be treated with shrinking agents to modify their properties, and particularly to improve their extensibility. Suitable processes for this purpose are described in U. S. application S. No. 611,240 filed May 13, 1932.
- the latent solvents referred to in that specification for example a mixture of methylene chloride and benzene.
- stretched cellulose ester materials may be subjected to processes of saponification.
- the saponification may be such as to lead to a relatively small loss in weight, for example sufiicient to give the materials an afilnity for cotton dyestufis, or may be complete or substantially complete, i. e., so as to eliminate all or substantially all of the ester content.
- the saponification may be effected under such conditions of tension that shrinkage takes place during or immediately after the saponification, this being advantageous from the point of view of the extensibility of the products.
- Such further treatments may be carried out as operations separate from the stretching or may be carried out continuously with stretching.
- the invention includes a continuous operation which involves first stretching and then shrinking.
- Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials, made of soluble organic derivatives of cellulose which have been rendered insoluble in organic solvents by a change in the number of free hydroxy groups in the organic derivative of cellulose molecule, to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C.
- Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials, made of soluble organic derivatives of cellulose which have been rendered insoluble in organic solvents by a change in the number of free hydroxy groups in the organic derivative of cellulose molecule, to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 120 C.
- Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials, insoluble in organic solvents, obtained by the partial saponification of filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials made of organic esters of cellulose which are soluble in organic solvents, to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C.
- Process for improving the tenacity oi artificial materials which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an esterifying agent until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
- Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an etherifying agent until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
- Process for improving the tenacity oi artificial materials which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an TREATMENT & CHEVMIFCAL MODiFl- CATION OF TEXTILES & FIBERS.
- agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 120 (7., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an etherifying agent until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
- Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting insoluble cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an esteriiying agent, while retaining their insolubility and maintaining the materials in their original form.
- an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C.
- Process for improving the tenacity of Search Room artificial materials which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials made of aliphatic acid esters of cellulose which are insoluble in organic solvents to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C.
- Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an esterifying agent containing an aliphatic acid radicle until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 30, 1940 UNITED STATES Search From;
PATENT OFFICE TREATMENT OF TEXTILE AND OTHER MATERIALS Henry Dreyfus, London, England 9 Claims.
This invention relates to improvements in the treatment of textile and other materials and is more particularly concerned with increasing the tensile strength of certain esterified or etherified cellulose products.
In U. S. Letters Patents Nos. 2,142,721, 2,142,722 and 2,142,909 processes are described for increasing the tensile strength of continuous filaments and threads thereof, of spun yarns and of other materials such as ribbons, foils, films or the like of cellulose acetate or other cellulose ester or ether, which consists in subjecting the materials to a stretching operation in the presence of steam I or in hot Water. Though improvement in the properties can be obtained with dry steam, the steam employed is preferably saturated or wet since the best results are obtained with the steam in this condition. The temperature may, for example, be 110, 120 or 130 C., or more, and
the appropriate pressure may be used either to maintain the steam in a saturated or wet condition or to maintain the water in the liquid state,
for example pressures of 10, 20, 30 pounds or more per square inch above atmospheric pressure.
It has now been found that by stretching the materials in steam or hot water as described in the above specifications an improvement in the tensile strength may be obtained also of artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials made of cellulose derivatives which are insoluble in organic solvents. Such materials may be obtained by partially saponifying artificial materials made of cellulose derivatives which are soluble in organic solvents or by the esterification or etherification of natural or regenerated cellulose materials. The stretch obtainable in these materials under any particular conditions of steam or hot water treatment varies with the character of the material under treatment, and particularly with the ester or ether content of the material and with the conditions under which the esterification, etherification or saponificat on has been carried out. For example, regenerated cellulose materials which have been acetylated in suspension (so as not to lose their fibrous form) in presence of hydrolytic agents, for example sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid or strongly acid salts such as bisulphates, zinc chloride, ferric chloride and the like, are more amenable to the stretching treatment than are similar materials which have been acetylated in the presence of catalytic agents such as sodium or potassium acetate or tertiary organic bases which have no substantial hydrolytic action upon cellulose. Similarly, the degree of esterification also has an effect. Acetylation to the mono-acetate stage only produces a material which is not very amenable to the stretching treatment in the steam or hot water. When, however, the acetylation is carried further, say to the di-acetate stage or to a stage between 5 the diand tri-acetates, especially in the presence of hydrolytic agents, a product is produced which is eminently amenable to the stretching treatment in the presence of the steam or in the hot water. Similarly, where a saponified cellulose 10 ester material has been treated, the degree of saponification has a marked efiect upon the extent to which such materials can be stretched in the presence of steam or hot water.
Saponification may be carried out to such an extent that the materials are insoluble in organic solvents, or it may be interrupted before this stage is reached and while the materials are still soluble in organic solvents, and the process of the present invention is applicable to the sapon'ified materials whether they are soluble or insoluble in organic solvents. Saponifying the ordinary acetone-soluble cellulose acetate filaments and threads to produce a loss in weight of, say, 5% to 10% on the initial weight of the materials, 25 does not produce any marked change in the extent to which the materials may be stretched. When, however, the saponification is carried further, say to a loss in weight of 10% or 20% or more, the ability to stretch in the steam or hot water progressively decreases.
The process of the present invention is also applicable to the stretching of artificial materials, whether soluble or insoluble in organic solvents, obtained by esterifying or etherifying natural or 35 regenerated cellulose filaments, fibres, foils and other materials while maintaining the materials in their original form, e. g., by acetylating in benzene or other non-solvent liquid.
Stretching in the presence of steam or hot 40 water also improves the properties, and particularly the tensile strength of artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by subjecting to esterification or etherification, for example in the presence of ferric chloride, 45 sodium acetate or zinc chloride, artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials having a basis of a cellulose ester or ether, and the processes described in the present application are also applicable to such materials.
By suitably choosing the conditions of acetylation or other esterification or of etherification or of saponification in the manufacture of the initial materials, high degrees of stretch may be obtained, e. g., stretches up to several hundreds per cent. Ifi general, the higher the stretch required or the greater the rate of stretching required, the higher will be the temperature of the treatment.
The materials to be treated according to the invention may initially have any desired lustre from a high lustre to medium lustre or approximately the lustre of natural silk or even a dull lustre or no lustre at all. Thus, the materials may have a low lustre due to the presence therein of titanium dioxide or other pigments.
The stretching operation may be carried out upon the materials during the course of their travel from one point to another, i. e., upon the running materials. The treatment may be applied to a single thread, e. g., during winding from a cake or cheese or bobbin on to a bobbin, or it may be applied to a number of threads simultaneously. Thus, threads may be stretched while running from one creel of bobbins to another creel. When simultaneously stretching a number of threads, it is advantageous to arrange the threads in parallel alignment in the form of a sheet or, if desired, in the form of two paralle sheets.
Apparatus suitable for the treatment either of threads or yarns or of ribbons, foils, films or the like, is described in U. S. applications S. Nos. 48,084, filed November 4, 1935; 47,798, filed November 1, 1935, and 69,282, filed March 17, 1936.
The following examples illustrate the invention but are not to be regarded as limiting it.
Example 1 Cellulose acetate yarn having an acetyl content of about 56 to 58% obtained by the acetylation of an ordinary commercial cellulose acetate yarn in the presence, for example, of ferric chloride, sodium acetate or zinc chloride as catalyst is stretched while passing through wet steam at a temperature of 150 to 155 C.
Example 2 Cellulose acetate yarn which has been saponified with aqueous methylamine until its acetyl content has been reduced to about 45 to 48% is stretched while passing through hot water at a temperature of to C.
Example 3 Cellulose acetate yarn which is insoluble in organic solvents and has been obtained by the acetylation of regenerated cellulose yarn in the presence of, for example, zinc chloride as catalyst, and which contains 1 to 2 acetyl groups per C6H1005 molecule is stretched while passing through wet steam at a temperature of to C.
The yarn treated according to each of the above examples has an improved tensile strength.
Stretched cellulose derivative materials may be subjected to any desired after-treatment processes. Thus, the stretched materials may be treated with shrinking agents to modify their properties, and particularly to improve their extensibility. Suitable processes for this purpose are described in U. S. application S. No. 611,240 filed May 13, 1932. In particular reference is made to the latent solvents referred to in that specification, for example a mixture of methylene chloride and benzene.
Again, stretched cellulose ester materials may be subjected to processes of saponification. The saponification may be such as to lead to a relatively small loss in weight, for example sufiicient to give the materials an afilnity for cotton dyestufis, or may be complete or substantially complete, i. e., so as to eliminate all or substantially all of the ester content. The saponification may be effected under such conditions of tension that shrinkage takes place during or immediately after the saponification, this being advantageous from the point of view of the extensibility of the products.
Such further treatments may be carried out as operations separate from the stretching or may be carried out continuously with stretching. Thus, for example, the invention includes a continuous operation which involves first stretching and then shrinking.
Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials, which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials, made of soluble organic derivatives of cellulose which have been rendered insoluble in organic solvents by a change in the number of free hydroxy groups in the organic derivative of cellulose molecule, to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C.
2. Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials, which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials, made of soluble organic derivatives of cellulose which have been rendered insoluble in organic solvents by a change in the number of free hydroxy groups in the organic derivative of cellulose molecule, to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 120 C.
3. Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials, which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials, insoluble in organic solvents, obtained by the partial saponification of filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials made of organic esters of cellulose which are soluble in organic solvents, to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C.
4. Process for improving the tenacity oi artificial materials, which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an esterifying agent until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
5. Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials, which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an etherifying agent until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
6. Process for improving the tenacity oi artificial materials, which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an TREATMENT & CHEVMIFCAL MODiFl- CATION OF TEXTILES & FIBERS.
agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 120 (7., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an etherifying agent until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
7. Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials, which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting insoluble cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an esteriiying agent, while retaining their insolubility and maintaining the materials in their original form.
8. Process for improving the tenacity of Search Room artificial materials, which comprises subjecting artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials made of aliphatic acid esters of cellulose which are insoluble in organic solvents to a stretching operation in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C.
9. Process for improving the tenacity of artificial materials, which comprises subjecting to a stretching operation, in the presence of an agent selected from the group consisting of wet steam and hot water at a temperature above 100 C., artificial filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials obtained by reacting soluble organic derivative of cellulose filaments, yarns, foils, films and similar materials with an esterifying agent containing an aliphatic acid radicle until they are insoluble in organic solvents.
HENRY names.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB30922/35A GB465601A (en) | 1935-11-08 | 1935-11-08 | Improvements in the treatment of artificial filaments, threads, foils, films and thelike |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2198660A true US2198660A (en) | 1940-04-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US105927A Expired - Lifetime US2198660A (en) | 1935-11-08 | 1936-10-16 | Treatment of textile and other materials |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2198660A (en) |
GB (1) | GB465601A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2447567A (en) * | 1944-10-17 | 1948-08-24 | Dreyfus Camille | Stretching of cellulose ester yarn |
US2862785A (en) * | 1953-01-01 | 1958-12-02 | British Celanese | Cellulose triacetate fabrics of improved safe ironing temperature and process of heat treatment to obtain said fabrics |
US2925641A (en) * | 1956-02-09 | 1960-02-23 | Deering Milliken Res Corp | Method for processing cellulose ester yarns |
US2976601A (en) * | 1955-10-07 | 1961-03-28 | Celanese Corp | Production of a cellulose staple fiber batting |
US2993749A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1961-07-25 | William G Sloan | Cellulose esters with dimensional stability |
US3012396A (en) * | 1955-07-05 | 1961-12-12 | Celanese Corp | Process for producing voluminous yarn |
US3025128A (en) * | 1953-11-25 | 1962-03-13 | British Celanese | Process for increasing the crystallinity and safe ironing temperature of cellulose triacetate textiles with aromatic chemical swelling agents |
-
1935
- 1935-11-08 GB GB30922/35A patent/GB465601A/en not_active Expired
-
1936
- 1936-10-16 US US105927A patent/US2198660A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2447567A (en) * | 1944-10-17 | 1948-08-24 | Dreyfus Camille | Stretching of cellulose ester yarn |
US2862785A (en) * | 1953-01-01 | 1958-12-02 | British Celanese | Cellulose triacetate fabrics of improved safe ironing temperature and process of heat treatment to obtain said fabrics |
US3025128A (en) * | 1953-11-25 | 1962-03-13 | British Celanese | Process for increasing the crystallinity and safe ironing temperature of cellulose triacetate textiles with aromatic chemical swelling agents |
US3012396A (en) * | 1955-07-05 | 1961-12-12 | Celanese Corp | Process for producing voluminous yarn |
US2976601A (en) * | 1955-10-07 | 1961-03-28 | Celanese Corp | Production of a cellulose staple fiber batting |
US2925641A (en) * | 1956-02-09 | 1960-02-23 | Deering Milliken Res Corp | Method for processing cellulose ester yarns |
US2993749A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1961-07-25 | William G Sloan | Cellulose esters with dimensional stability |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB465601A (en) | 1937-05-10 |
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