US2197441A - Hydraulic press - Google Patents

Description

prn 16, M34@ J. A, PERONY HYDRAULIC PRESS Filed July 28. 1939 Jan Alberi' fbroly.

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l Illllllllllllllvnn it; `LII|` Patented Apr. 16, 1940 UNITED sTATEs PATENT oFF'lcE 2,197,441 HYDRAULIC PRESS company of France Application July 28, 1939, Serial No. 287,158 In France February 22, 1939 7 Claims.

It is known that the carrying out of certain operations, such as the die-working and stamping of metal parts by means of a hydraulic press, necessitates, when these parts are of considerable dimensions, the use of freat force which may attain 20,000 tons or even more.

The making of presses adapted to exert forces of this order leads, for the parts which constitute the said presses and i-n particular for the 10 beds thereof, to dimensions and consequently to weights such that the said presses take up considerable space, whilst-at the same time their cost price rapidly attains prohibitive figures.

Dealing with presses with multiple columns and usually equipped with individual hydraulic cylinders, each column necessarily comprises at one of its extremities a nut for its fixing on to one of the bed pieces and at its other extremity a hydraulic cylinder the surface of which bears on the other supporting bed or beam of the press. The multiplicity of the columns. usually arranged side by side in two rows and in each row at a minimum distance one from the other which is imposed by the necessity either of screwing their xing nuts or of placing their hydraulic cylinders one alongside the others, leads to considerable dimensions of the bed or supporting pieces, and to the disadvantage that, the longer the bed pieces become (that is, as the number of columns becomes greater), the greater are the shearing forces and deiiecting moments which these pieces must withstand.

The present invention relates to a hydraulic press of great power in which the principal members are made. arranged and distributed in such a manner as to permit the maximum reduction of their dimensions and consequently of their weight, as compared with the corresponding dimensions and weights of a press of the same 4o power constructed according to the usual methods.

Dealing, for example, with the construction of a vertical press comprising a given number of columns arranged in two parallel rows, the maxido mum reduction oi the dimensions oi' the principal members, and in particular of the supporting cross pieces or beds, is, according to the invention, obtained by the fact that in each row the columns are alternately fixed to the upper and the 1cwcr bed, the hydraulic cylinders cf the said columns then alternating in a corresponding manner and being situated either below the lower bed or above the upper bed, at the same time that they are staggered axially with respect (ci. 10o-71) to the nuts of the adjacent columns, so as to be beyond said nuts. This arrangement permits the columns to be brought as close to one another as possible and provides an extremely compact construction in which the parts operate under 5 the best possible conditions.

The accompanying drawing shows a construction for carrying out the invention by way of' a example, the construction being applied to a vertical press with two rows each of ve columns. 10 In the drawing, wherein like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is a front view,

Figure 2 is a corresponding plan view,

Figure 3 is a vertical section on the broken 15 line III-III of Figure 2, and

Figure 4 is a horizpntal section on the line IV-IV of Figure 3 and shows a detail of construction.

In these iigures, l indicates the lower iixed 20 4 ties to the xed bed l, each of them comprising to this end a collar 3 and a fixing nut 4 arranged below the said bed and bearing against the latter. 35 At their upper parts the columns 3b pass freely through the movable bed 2 which they guide during its movements.

The even columns of the row (2nd and 4th), indicated by ah, are, cn the contrary, nxed to 40 the movable bed 2 and comprise to this end, like the columns of the uneven row, collars 3 and xing nuts 4 arranged above the said bed and bearing on its upper face.

The elementary hydraulic press which each 45.

column comprises is arranged at the extremity of the latter opposite to that which is xed to one or the other of the beds l and 2.

'Ihe various presses of the same row are there- 50 fore alternately mounted at the upper 'extremity of the column (for the odd columns o1' the row) and at the lower extremity (for the even columns of the row) in such manner that, if the upper extremities of the ve columns of the same row 55 be considered, the latter comprise alternately, and arranged side by side, a press, a nut, a press, a nut. and iinally a press.

Each of the presses is constituted by a cylinder 6 and a piston 1, between which the liquid under pressure is admitted through a conduit 6a.

The cylinder B is movable with respect to its column along which its guiding piece 6c is adapted to slide, and also with respect to the piston l which is screwed to the end of the said column. The outer end 6d of the guiding piece 6c abuts against the surface of the bed l or 2 corresponding thereto, and thus transmits to the latter the effort of the press.

Each guide 6c has a length greater than the length of the nut-carrying extremity of the co1- umn or columns adjacent thereto, which alone permits of bringing the columns of the saine row closer together, since the space occupied by the guiding parts 6c is less than that of the press cylinders 6.

Furthermore, in order to permit an additional reduction of the axial distance apart of two consecutive columns, the guiding parts 6c, instead of being constituted by complete cylinders, are reduced to two tongues, leaving between them two gaps facing the nuts l of the adjacent columns as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4.

It will be seen at once that in each row the distance between any two consecutive columns has been reduced to a minimum, which permits also of reducing to a minimum the length and consequently the weight of the bed plates.

'I'he operation of the individual presses above described is obvious: in the case of the upper hydraulic cylinders, the introduction of water or of any other liquid under pressure through the conduit 6a, below the annular xed piston 1, causes the cylinder 6 to slide down and consequently to apply the guiding part or tongues 6c on to the bed plate 2, that is to say, to cause the approach of the bed plate 2 toward the bed plate l.

As regards the hydraulic cylinders arranged at the lower part of the columns, the pressure of the liquid causes the sliding down of the piston I which carries with it the corresponding column 3h. which, in lits turn, also carries the movable bed plate 2 in the direction towards the lixed bed I. f

The added forces of all the hydraulic cylinders constitute the total effort which tends to move the bed plate 2 toward the bed l.

There are also provided the usual auxiliary hydraulic return cylinders 8, for example to the number of two, intended to move the bed 2 back to its original position after each compression stroke.

Naturally, .the hydraulic cylinders B may be supplied simultaneously with water under pressure in such manner as to cause. the press to exert its maximum total eilort, or only a reduced number of the said cylinders may be supplied so as to reduce in the same proportion the total .eiort of the press.`

Although the invention has been ldescribed in its application to a vertical press, it is clear that it is equally applicable to a horizontal press.

another, adjacent columns being xed alternately to the xed and movable beds and having their hydraulic cylinders correspondingly positioned adjacent the movable and xed beds alternately, whereby the spaces between adjacent columns may be reduced to a 2. A hydraulic press comprising a ixed bed. a movable bed, and a plurality of columns connecting said beds arranged in a row, each of said columns being fixed at one end to one of said with its opposite end adaptedto cause said beds to approach one another, said columns being xed alternately to the xed and movable beds and having their hydraulic cylinders correspondingly positioned adjacent the movable and xed beds alternately and staggered axially with respect to the xed ends of the adjacent columns, whereby the length of said row of columns and the size of said beds may be reduced to a minimum.

3. A hydraulic press comprising a fixed bed, a movable bed, and a plurality of columns connecting and extending through bothof said beds, each of said columns having an enlarged head xed to one end thereof and abutting one of said beds, a piston connected to its opposite ends and a hydraulic cylinder associated with said piston and interposed between the latter and the other of said beds in thrust transmitting relationship movable and xed beds, whereby the spaces between adjacent columns and the size of said beds may be reduced to a minimum.

4. A hydraulic press comprising a fixed bed a movable bed, and a plurality of columns connecting and extending through both of said beds and arranged two parallel rows, each of said columns having an enlarged head iixed to one end thereof and abutting one of said beds, a piston connected to its opposite end and a hydraulic cylinder associated with said piston and interposed between the latter and the other of said beds in thrust transmitting relationship with respect to the latter, the columns of each .of said rows having their enlarged heads abutting the 'xed and movable beds alternately and their hydraulic cyl- 7 inders correspondingly alternated adjacent th movable and xed beds, whereby the lengths ci said rows of columns and the size of said beds may besreduced to a A hydraulic press comprising a lixed bed, a movable bed, a plurality of columns connecting and extending through both of said beds, each of said columns having an enlarged head xed to one end thereof and abutting one of said beds, a piston connected to its opposite end and a hydraulic cylinder associated with said piston, adjacent columns having their enlarged heads abutting the xed and movable beds alternately and their hydraulic cylinders correspondingly alternated adjacent the movable and fixed beds, and thrust transmitting members of less radial dimensions than said cylinders, but of greater axial extent than said enlarged heads, interposed between said cylinders and the adjacent beds so as to position said cylinders outwardly beyond said enlarged heads, whereby the spaces between adjacent columns and the size of said beds may be reduced to a 6. A hydraulic press comprising a lixed bed, a movable bed, a plurality of columns connecting 'lid and ertendingthrough both of said beds,I each of said columns having an enlarged head fixed to one end thereof and abutting one of said beds, a piston connected to its opposite end and a hydraulic cylinder associated with said piston, adjacent columns having their enlarged heads abutting the xed and movable beds alternately and their hydraulic cylinders correspondingly alternated adjacent the movable and xed beds, and a pair of thrusttransmitting members of less radial dimensions than said cylinders, but ci greater axial extent than said enlarged heads, interposed between each of said cylinders and the adjacent bed so as to position said cylinders outwardly beyond said enlarged heads, each pair oi said members being positioned closely adjacent the associated columnin diametrically onposite relationship with the spaces therebetween facing the enlarged heads of the adjacent columns, whereby the spaces between adjacent columns and the size of said beds may 'be reduced to a minimum,

'7. Il hydraulic press comprising a xed bed, a movable bed, a plurality of columns connecting and extending through both of said beds and arranged in two parallel rows, each of said columns having an enlarged head xed to one end thereof and abutting one of said beds, a piston connected to its opposite end and a hydraulic cylinder associated with said piston, the columns of each of said rows having their enlarged heads, abutting the nxed and movable beds alternately and their hydraulic cylinders correspondingly alternated adjacent the movable and xedvbeds, and a pair of thrust transmitting members of less radial dimensions than said cylinders, but of greater axial extent than said enlarged heads, interposed between each of said cylinders and the adjacent bed so as to position said cylinders outwardly beyond said enlarged heads, each pair of said members being positioned closely adjacent the associated column diametrically opposite one another on a line at right angles to the direction of said rows of columns and with spaces of sbstantial arcuate extent therebetween facing the enlarged heads of the adjacent columns of the associated row, whereby the lengths of said rows of columns and the size of said `beds-may be re- 'duced to a minimum.

l JEAN ALBERT PERONY.

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