US2194821A - Honing machine - Google Patents

Description

Minh 26, 1940 L` G. cRoMToN, JR., Er AL 2,194,821

HoNING MACHINE Filed Aug. 19, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l lz/MU H 5.4 HUN ,2 i400 127 H615?) G50/QSE CRUMPTDN, LIR.' 8] THEUDDRE H. NYE

[-75, Z MM' Elx/imma@ March 26; 1940. G. cRoMPToN, JR., Er AL 42,194,821

l I HONING MACHINE I Filed Aug. 19, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 GEORGE CRDMPTQN,=JR. THEDDDRE H. NYE

Patented Mar. 26,1949

UNITED STATES HONING MACHINE George Crompton, Jr.,

and Theodore H. Nye,

Worcester, Mass., assignors to Norton Company, Worcester, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application August 19,

17 Claims.

The invention relates to honing machines, particularly for honing internal cylindrical bores.

One object of the invention is to provide a sim,. ple apparatus whereby the several bores of ay cylinder may be brought to the same size within .close limits. Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus for honing cylinder bores with provision for automatic adjustment of the honing tools. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method for the continuous adjustment of radially expanding honing tools. Another object of the invention is to provide automatic adjustment means for honing tools capable of being applied toexisting machines. An-

other object of the invention is to provide apparatus which takes the guess-work out of honing tool adjustment. Other objects will be in part obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangements of` parts, and in the several steps and relation and order of each of said steps to one or more of the others thereof, all as will be illustratively described herein, and the scope of the application of which will be .indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating one of many possible embodiments of the mechanical features of this invention,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a honing machine constructed in accordance with the invention, certain parts being shown in section;

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a pneumatic diagram;

Figure 5 is a front elevation of a portion of the machine shown in Figure 1, certain parts being shown in section;

Figure 6 is a vertical axial sectional view of a honing tool which is arranged to be automatically adjusted according to the invention;

Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 6. The invention may be incorporated in a Vhoning machine of the type described in U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,783,019 to Albert M. Johnson. In fact, machines already constructed according to this patent (hereinafter referred to` as the Johnson patent) may be changed over with the addition of certain mechanisms vherein described to operate automatically or semi-automatically according to the present invention. The invention is disclosed in connection with a honing tool, such 1938, Serial No. 225,686

as shown in the patent to Fred M. Kern No. 1,927,-

I 039 (hereinafter referred to as the -Kern patent).

However, the invention may readily be adapted to operate in connection with other types of honing tools.

As in the case of the Johnson patent, and referring now to Figure 1', the machine comprises a 'base I upon which is fixed an upright column 2 frontwardly provided with a pair of vertical slideways 3. A piece of work is shown supported on the base Icomprising in the present instance a four-cylinder internal combustion motor block 6 clamped in any suitable manner, not shown,

' upon an adapter block 'I which rests upon a dat surface of the base I. y

Referring to Figures 1 and 5, mounted upon the upper end 'of the column 2 is a main housing 8 having a pair of upright auxiliary housings 9 and I0. The auxiliary housings 9 and IIJ each support a vertically positioned spindle driving shaft II. 'I'he spindle driving shafts II are journalled in guidesleeves It reciprocably mounted in theA auxiliary housings 9 and I0. On the upper end ofthe housing 9 is a gear casing 9a lwhile on the upper end of the housing I0 is a similar gear casing, not shown. By means of gearing contained within these gear casings and 'further gearing contained within the Amain housing 8- and the auxiliary housings 9 and I0, the spindle driving shafts II are rotated all at the same angular velocity. At the sainetime, owing to the`fact that the shafts II are splined, as clearly shown in Figure 1, and fit in gear sleeves, not shown, the rotary drive to the spindles II vin no wise interferes with their vertical .reciprocatory movement. This drivingmechanism together with clutch and brake device will be found more fully described in the Johnson patent. The Johnson patent also describes fluid pressure Aactuating mechanism for moving the guide sleeves in unison up and down. Controlling apparatus for the fluid pressure reciprocating mechanism is provided whereby, at the will of the operator, the sleeves Il may be caused to descend, to reciprocate in a lower range, and to rise above this lower range at will. Such apparatus we shall not describe herein since reference may readily be made to the Johnson patent. Some of the controls described in Cromptons copending application Serial No. 219,988flled July 19, 1938 may also be used if desired.

Still referring to Figures 1 and 5, suitably attached lto the sleeves Il'is a head 20. This head moves up and down in unison with the sleeves I4 and journals a plurality of spindles 2| mounted in parallel relation. By gearing in the head 20 which is fully disclosed in the Johnson patent referred to, all four of the spindles 2| are driven` at the same speed and in the same direction, the right-hand pair being driven by the right-hand spindle |I and the left-hand pair being driven by the left-hand Vspindle il.

Referring now to Figure 6, we provide a plurality of honing tools 25 which may be of substantiallyl the same construction as illustrated and described by the Kern patent. As reference may be readily had to the Kern patent, we shall only briefly describe some of the major parts of the honing tool 25 herein. As shown, the tool includes a lower spindle 26 and an upper spindle 21. Each spindle 2| has a bayonet socket 30 at the lower end thereof which receives a trunnion pin 3| projecting through spherical members 29 located in the internal bore 22 of the spindle 2|. The pin 3| also passes through the upper spindle 21 and thereby holds the entire honing tool 25 to the spindle 2|, this construction constituting a universal joint.

The spindle 21 is connected to the spindle 26 by means of a universal joint 32. The spindle 26 supports an upper spider 33 and a lower spider 34, which spiders guide holders 35 and 36 supporting metal carriers 31 in which are set abrasive stones 38. The abrasive stones 38 which may be made of any suitable abrasive material, such as alumina or silicon carbide bonded with organic or vitried bond, are thus mounted for radial movement in the tool 25. Removable garter springs 40 tting over projecting hooks 4| of the metal members 31 bias the holders 35 and 36 and the abrasive members 38 inwardly and hold Vthese parts in assembled relation.

The upper portion of the spindle 21 is threaded and thereon are a pair of nuts 41 and 48 which are relatively movable for providing a locking engagement Vfor longitudinally positioning a cam carrying collar 50 mounted on a sleeve portion 41a of the nut 41. Between the flange of the nut 41 and the collar 50 are a plurality of washers 49 for reducing the rotational friction between the members when adjustment is made. At the lower end ofthe collar 50 are formed a plurality of pairs of ears between which extend pins 52'journalling cam levers 53. We form these cam levers 53 with elongated upper ends 54 so that they may be operated from the top as well as from the bottom.

The lower ends of the cam levers 53 engage a conical cam surface 55.0f a thrust collar 56, the lower surface of which engages steel balls 51 mounted in a ball cage 58. The balls 51 rest on an adjustment collar 59 seating in spherical depressions 50 thereof which are shown in Figure '1. The adjustment collar 59 is internally threaded and mounted on the exteriorly threaded portion of a sleeve 6| which is journaled on the unthreaded portion of the spindle 21. 'Iyhe sleeve 6| is an integral part of a housing 62 which encloses a spring cage 63 holding a powerful spring 64 under initial compression. A shoulder 65 of the housing 62 is positioned to engage the upper end of the spring 64/as clearly shown in Figure 6. The lower end of the cage 63 rests on a plurality of washers 6 6, the lower one of which engages a pair of thrust rods located in grooves in the spindle 26. These thrust rods 10 bear against an actuating member 1I having three sets of conical surfaces positioned to engage wedge portions on the holders 35.

By means of this construction, which is more fully detailed in the Kern patent, whenever the cam levers 53 are compressed inwardly (there being usually three of such cam levers), the thrust collar 56 is depressed which forces downwardly the adjustment collar 59, thereby moving downwardly the housing 62ywhich, through the spring 64, depresses the thrust rods 10 which moves downwardly the actuating member 1|, thereby expanding the holders 35 and 36. The reacting thrust is, of course, taken through the pins 52 to the collar 50 to the nut 41 to the spindle 21, thence through the universal joint 32 to the spindle 26, thence to the spiders 33 and 34 which hold the holders 35 and 35 from downward movement. The stones or abrasive sticks 38 are directly expanded in this manner unless they are positively prevented from expanding by a pressure which will overcome the initial tension of the spring 64 backed up by the mechanical advantage inherent in the cone and wedge actuating means. The exact effective diameter of the sticks 38, however, is dependent entirely upon the adjustment of the collar 59. We provide ratchet teeth on the periphery of the adjustment collar 59 for automatic actuation of this collar automatically to adjust the several tools.

Before describing the features which are more especially our present invention, as rconducive to a better understanding thereof, we will now mention a common manner of operating the machine tool of the Johnson patent equipped with honing tools of the Kern patent. It has been customary to provide a set of sleeves just above the bores of the cylinder block being honed throughl which the honing tools pass and which compress the cam levers 53 when the honing tools are down. In machine tools so operated, the hones are collapsed when the head is up and are expanded by the action of these sleeves just after the tools enter the several bores of the cylinder block being honed. At the end of a particular honing operation on a particular cylinder block, the operator has adjusted the collars 59 by an amount suiiicient in his judgment to account for wear of the sticks 38` or to bring the bores of the next cylinder block to the desired size. In tools so operated, however, cylinder bores of the cylinder blocks have varied in final diameter so that as many as five different sizes of pistons have been provided in regular automobile production to match the diiferent sized bores.

According to our present invention in one of its aspects, we provide two sleeves above each engine cylinder bore into the lower one of which we expand the hone when it is in its upper position by compressing the cam levers 53 with the upper of such sleeves. We further cause an automatic device to move the adjustment collar 59 to expand the particular hone until substantial resistance is met with` Thereby the honing tools are automatically set so that they will ultimately expand in the cylinder bores to the required or desired diameter and the adjustment is not dependent upon guess-work but is a predetermined adjustment. Since the sleeves which we provide may be slightly larger in diameter than the bores to be honed, we may thereby allow for wearing of the honing sticks during a particular honing operation. This reduces the vari able to the difference in wear of the honing sticks during successive operations, which is a much smaller quantity than the total amount of wear.

Referring again to Figure 1, We provide a plu rality of metal sleeves 8U supported in a single bracket 8| slidably mounted for vertical adjustment on the ways 3 and rigidly clamped in adjusted position in any suitable manner, as by means of bolts 82. embodiment of the invention, in which there are four bores in the cylinder block 6, there are four sleeves 80 spaced the same as the bores in the cylinder block. In accordance with considerations above mentioned, the internal diameter of the sleeves 80 is slightly larger than the ultimate desired size of the work pieceibores. In order that the cam levers 53 may readily enter the sleeves 80, and in order to avoid fracturing of the abrasive sticks or stones 38, the sleeves 80 are bell mouthed at both ends, as shown.

We further provide, as also shown in Figure 1, four sleevesl 85 of internal diameter the same as the sleeves 80 and bell mouthed on the lower ends. These sleeves 05 are mounted in a bracket 86 which is slidably mounted on the ways 3 and adapted to be clamped in any position of adjustment, as by means of bolts 81. Figure 1 shows the honing part of the tool 25 located in the sleeve 80 while the cam levers 53 are located in the sleeve 85. If then at this point the adjustment collar 59 be moved to eliminate any space between the spring 64 and the shoulder 65 and also any space between the sticks 38 and the sleeves 80, thereafter when the tool 25 is lowered into the bore of thel work piece 6, it will be expanded by engagement of the sleeve with the cam levers 53 and, since the bore in the work piece 6 must be somewhat under size, the spring 64 will be slightly compressed within its cage 63 and later on, when the cage 63 contacts the spring 64, the work piece will have been honed to predetermined size, which will be the same as the internal diameter of the sleeve 80 less wear of the abrasive sticks during that particular honing operation. Since thc adjustment collar 59 may be easily turned with the fingers to take out backlash in the' parts, or to compress a weak mined initial tension. Such apparatus in the present illustrative embodiment of our invention comprises multif-toothed pawls operated by cylinder and piston apparatus energized by pneumatic or steam pressure.

Referring now to Figure 4 which, excepting for the pipe connections, is not wholly diagrammatic, we provide aplurality of cylinders |00, one for each honing tool 25, which would be four in the present embodiment., These cylinders |00 may be mounted on a suitable ledge |0| provided on the inside of the column 2 and fastened to this ledge. But in the case of changing over old machines, these may be mounted in front of the machine on a suitable stand or bracket. Each cylinder |00 is' provided with a piston |02 mounted on alpiston rod |03. 'I'he piston rods |03 project forwardly through cylinder heads |04 which, with rear cylinder heads |05, close the ends of the cylinders |00. As shown in Figure 1, the piston rods |03 likewise project through holes formed in the, front wall of the column 2.

We provide on the front of each piston rod |03 a multitoothed pawl member I0. These may be in the form of bars with yratchet teeth. Each In` the present illustrative pawls ||0.` The articulation joints are so formed that the pawls ||0 cannot move in ar counterclockwise direction beyond the positions shown in Figure 4 and also in Figure 1, but the joints permit movement of the pawls ||0 in a clockwise direction.

| I2 bolted by bolts ||3 to the piston rods |03 and engaging the pawl members |0 normally to hold the pawl members in the straight line position shown. These springs ||2, however, permit the pawl members 0 to swing backwardly for a limited distance, that is to say in a clockwise direction, Figure 4.

The`cylinders |00are so located that the pawl members ||0 are in position to engage theratchet teeth 15 upon a forward movement. of the pistons |02. We provide a pneumatic mechanism resiliently to urge the pistons |02 forwardly whenever the tail pieces 54 of the cam levers 53 engage the sleeves 85. Referring now to Figures 1, 3 and 4, we provide va valve block |20 secured to the column 2, adjustably if desired. We further provide a valve operating abutment |2 secured to the head 20. Referring to Figure 4, the valve block |20 has chambers |25, |26, |21 and |28. In the chambers |25 and |26 are conical seats to seat poppet valves |29 and |30. These waives |29 and |30 are normally maintained against their seats by means of springs |3| and |32. In the chamber |21 and |28 we provide puppet valves |33 and |34. In the upper parts of the chambers |21 and |28 are conical seats to fit the valves |33and |34 but springs |35 and |36 vnormally hold the valves |33 and |34 away from the seats in the chambers |21 and |28.

Weprovide a pipe |40 connected to a suitable source of pressure. While liquid pressure may be used, especially in connection with a relief valve, we prefer to use gas pressure because of re- We provide nger springs siliency of its action. In our preferred embodii ment, we use air pressure. The pipe |40 leads to the upper end of valve chamber |25 and a branch |40a' leads to the upper part of the valve chamber |21.

In the lower part of the chamber |21 is a port |4| connected by a pipe |42 to a( throttle valve |43 connected by a pipe |44 to az pipe |45 having branches |4541` leading to the front ends of the cylinders |00. Figure 4 indicates the parts prior to the' time when the cam levers 53 enter the Whenever the head 20 is in its uppermost position, as shown in Figure 1 the abutment member |2| is in engagement with the valves |29 and |30 and these are consequently open. dentally the valves |33 and |34 are closed, the valve stems thereof being engaged respectively-by plungers |50 and |5| carried bythe abutment Coincimember |2| but backed upby springs |52 and |53. Under such conditions pressure is cut olf from the pipe |42 and the exhaust through the f pipe |46 is likewise cut oif. The valve |29 being in its upper position, connects the pressure to a port |55 which is connected by a pipe |56, throttle valve |51 and pipe |58 to the pipe |46. This opens the pressure to the right-hand ends-of the cylinders |00. Poppet valve |30 being up, connects an exhaust "port |60 to a pipe IBI which is connected to the pipe |45. This allows the air to exhaust from the front ends of the cylinders |00.

In operation this mechanism normally maintains the multi-toothed pawls in their rearward positions, as indicated in Figure 4. Figure 1 shows the parts with the valves |33 and |34 closed and the valves |29 and |30 opened and the cam levers 53 in the sleeve 85. The pistons |02, therefore, have moved forwardly. In so doing, the multi-toothed pawl members ||0 have engaged the teeth 15 and rotated the adjustment collars 59. The action, however, is a resilientl or` non-positive one and some collars may have been rotated more than others. Whenever the head 20 moves downwardly, the pawls ||0 are all of them retreated. Usually this action will not occur until the adjustment collars 59 have moved below the multi-toothed pawl members ||0, but at all events these pawl members may move in retrograde direction on the teeth 15 without eiect on the adjustment since the pawl members ||0 are mounted to swing outwardly. Furthermore, the balls 51 and seats 60 act to prevent any retrograde motion of the parts of the honing tool.

In operation the honing tools 25 are expanded by the sleeves.85 to the same extent that they are expanded by the sleeves 80. But subsequent to a particular honing operation there will be a variable amount of slack to be taken up in each honing tool so that the next work piece may be brought tothe desired size. This adjustment is automatically effected by the non-positively operated multi-toothed pawls ||0 which act automatically whenever the head 20 reaches its uppermost position.

It is preferred that when the multi-toothed pawls ||0 are moved forwardly to engage the ratchet teeth 15, the honing tools 25 have ceased their rotation. In the machine of the Johnson patent referred to, the rotation can be stopped manually. However, automatic apparatus automatically to stop the rotation of the honing tools when the head 20 rises is disclosed in the copending application Serial No. 219,988 previously referred to. In any event we prefer that the multi-toothed pawl ||0 be on that side of the ratchet teeth 15 which it is to operate so that rotation of thetool moves the teeth in the same direction that the pawl does. Under such circumstances, if there is slight residual rotation to the tool when the pawl acts, this will not break any parts and nevertheless the pawl will perform the desired operation by reason of the fact that its linear velocity can readily be made greater than the peripheral velocity of the ratchet teeth under such circumstances. For example, the operator has merely to adjust the throttle valve |51 until the pawls move fast enough to effect the adjustment under all conditions of operation.

According to certain of its aspects the invention may be embodied in apparatusherein disclosed, omitting the cylinder-piston units |00, |02 with the pawls H0 and the valve mechanism described. lOwing to the provision of the two sleeves 80 and 85 for each honing tool; the operator himself may more readily and accurately adjust the honing tools after each honing operation and our invention is to be deemed to in clude this apparatus whether with or without the automatic ratchet adjustment.

It will thus be seen that there has been provided by this invention a method and apparatus l in which the various objects hereinabove set forth together with many thoroughly practical advantages are successfully achieved. As manylpossible embodiments may be made of the above invention and as many changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

We claim:

1. In apparatus' of the class described, a honing tool, expansible carriers for honing sticks in said honing tool, cam levers to expand said carriers, a mounting for said honing tool permitting it to be moved rectilineally, and a pair of sleeves to actuate said cam levers and expand said carriers spaced apart substantially the same distance as the cam levers are spaced from the carriers whereby onesleeve will compress the cam levers to expand the carriers in the other sleeve.

2. In honing apparatus, a rotatable honing tool, a mounting permitting said tool to be moved rectilineally, a support for a work piece, a rst sleeve, a second sleeve, the two sleeves being in axial alignment with each other and with the honing tool, and the work holder being formed to hold a work piece with a bore in axial alignment with said sleeves and said honing tool, said tool having carriers for abrasive sticks in said honing tool mounted for expansion, and means including cam levers to expand said carriers and Vspaced in an axial direction on the honing tool some distance from vthe carriers, so that when the cam levers enter the second sleeve the carriers are expanded in the rst sleeve and when the cam levers enter the rst sleeve the carriers are expanded in the work piece.

3. In apparatus as claimed in claim 2, the combination with the parts and features therein specified, of take-up adjustment means between the cam levers and the carriers whereby the parts may be adjusted for 'wear when the cam levers are in the second sleeve and the carriers are in the rst sleeve so that the carriers will expand to a given predetermined amount in the work piece when the cam levers are in the rst sleeve.

4. In apparatus of the class described, a honing tool having a lower operating position and an upper remote position and mounted to move rectilineally through such positions, means to rotate said honing tool, carriers for abrasive sticks in said honing tool mounted for` radial movement, members and connections whereby to expand said carriers when said members are actuated, means to actuate said members when said honing tool is in the remote position, means to adjust the connections at such moment whereby to predetermine the ultimate size of work piece bores, and gauging means contacting the abrasive sticks when the honing tool is in the remote position to procure the adjustment to a vgiven total expansion of the abrasive sticks.

5. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a honing tool comprising spindle 'meanls, holders mounted for. movement of exist4 mote from said holders, a thrust collar operated by said cam levers, and connections between the thrust collar and the holders including a nut and a screw for adjustment, of. automatic means to move the nut at predetermined intervals.

6. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a honing tool comprising spindle means, holders mounted for movement of expansion and contraction relative to said spindle means, abrasive sticks secured to said holders, cam levers mounted on said spindle means remote from said holders, a thrust collar operated by said cam levers, and connections between the thrust collar and the holders including a nut and a screw for adjustment, of pawl and ratchet means to rotate the nut and piston and cylinder means to move the pawl at predetermined intervals.

'7. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a honing tool comprising spindle means, holders mounted for movement of expansion and. contraction relative to said spindle means, abrasive sticks secured to said holders, cam levers mounted on said spindle means remote from said holders, a thrust collar operated by said cam levers, and connections between the thrust collar and the holders including a nut and a screw for adjustment, of a pair of. sleeves in axial alignment spaced so that the cam levers may enter one sleeve while the holders and abrasive sticks are in the other sleeve and automatic means to rotate the nut at such stage with a resilient pressure.

8. In apparatus of the class described, a honing head, a mounting permitting said honing head to be moved rectilineally, a plurality of spindles in parallel relation carried by said honing head, the axes of the spindles being parallel to the line of movement of the head and the spindles being mounted for rotation, a honing tool carried at the remote end of each spindle and each honing tool comprising holders yfor abrasive sticks, mountings for the holders holding the sticks in parallel relation and permitting expansion and contraction, cam levers remote from the holders, an adjustment ring, a screw threaded member upon which said adjustment ring is mounted, connections from the cam levers through the adjustment ring to the holders whereby when thecam levers are compressed the holders are expanded, a set of. sleeves remote from the head whose axes are all parallel to each other and to the spindles and are in axial alignment y with the spindles and of a size to actuate the cam levers to compress them when the holders are in work piece bores to expand the abrasive sticks to ei'ect a honing operation, anda second set of sleeves in` axial alignment with the rst set, of the same size and betweenthe iirst set and the head whereby to actuatethe cam levers and expand the holders, pressing the stick against the walls of the rst sleeves.

9. In apparatus as claimed in claim 8, the combination with the parts and features therein specified, of automatic means to operate the adjustment ring when the cam levers are in one set of sleeves and the holders are in the other set of sleeves to take up all the back play at such time. 10. In apparatus as claimed in claim 8, the combination with the parts and features therein specied, of ratchet teeth on the adjustment rings, a plurality of pawls to actuate the ratchet teeth, and resilient means to actuate the pawls.

11. In apparatus as claimed in claim 8, the

combination with the parts and features therein specied, of a plurality of cylinders and pis'- tons, a source of fluid under pressure, valve means to connect the several cylinders to the pressure fluid, said valve means being automatically operated when cam levers are in the sleeves nearest the head, and devices connected to the pistons to operate the adjustment rings at such time.

12. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a spindle mounted for rotation and for rectilinear movement to advance, Withdraw and reciprocate, a honing tool mounted at the end of said spindle comprising radially mounted parallel holders for abrasive sticks, apparatus to expand said holders,.and adjustable connections between the holders and the apparatus, of means to actuate the apparatus to expand the holders when the spindle is reciprocating, and additional lmeans to actuate the appayratus to expand the holders when the spindle is withdrawn, said two last namedmeans permitting the holders to be contracted when the spindle is advancing and withdrawing, the entire apparatus including gauging means to, gauge the expansion of the abrasive sticks when the spindle is withdrawn whereby to setthe apparatus to bring a work piece bore to desired size within the limits of variability of wear of the honing sticks in a particular honing operation.

13. In apparatus of the class described, a -honing head, a plurality of parallel spindles mounted in said honing head, means to rotate said spindles, means to move said head rectilineally, a honing tool mounted in each spindle and including holding members for abrasive sticks mounted for expansion and contraction in parallel relation, actuating devices, adjustable connections from said actuating devices to said holders whereby to expand said sticks, means for actuating all of the actuating devices when the honing tools are outside of the bores of a work piece, means for gauging the amount of expansion of the abrasive sticks at such time, and means for adjusting the adjustable connections at such time to expand each of the honing tools to a predetermined amount, the apparatus including also means for actuating the actuating devices when the honing tools are in the bores of a work piece whereby the adjustment with the tools outside the work piece 'gauges the tools for bringing the bores to a desired size;

14. Apparatus of the class described comprising a honing head mounted for rectilinear movement, a plurality of spindles carried in parallel relation by said honing head and mounted for rotation, honing tools carried by said spindles, said honing tools being capable of expansion and contraction, adjustable devices to expand said honing tools whereby the amount of expansion ofthe tools may be adjusted, a plurality of nonpositive automatically actuated means to adjust the adjustable devices, and gauging means to gauge the amount of adjustment at such time whereby to bring all of the hones to a given setting relative to their effective diameter in view of wear on the abrasive sticks.-

15. In apparatus of the class described, a honing tool having a lower operating position and an upper remote position and mounted to move rectilinearly through such positions, means to rotate vsaid honing tool, carriers for abrasive sticks in said honing tool mounted for radial movement, members and adjustable connections whereby to expand said carriers when said members are actuated, means to actuate said mem-v bers when said honing tool is in the remote position, and gauging means to measure the expansion of the carriers by contact with the abrasive sticks whereby the connections may be adjusted to cause a given expansion of the sticks to result from a given actuation of the members.

16. In apparatus of the class described, a honing head mounted to move rectilineally, a plurality of spindles mounted in said head, means to rotate al1 of the spindles, honing tools carried by the spindles, sleeves approximately the size of work piece bores to limit the expansion of the honing tools, devices on the spindles which When actuated expand the honing tools, take-up adjustments for said devices, means to actuate the devices, and means to actuate the take-up adjustments, said last two means being operated when the honing tools are in the sleeves whereby to expand the honing tools to a given amount to predetermine the diameter of work piece bores.

17. In apparatus of the class described, a honing tool comprising a plurality of abrasive sticks mounted in parallel arrangement to dene a cylinder, means mounting the sticks permitting radial movement, adjustable means to move the GEORGE CROMPTON, JR. THEODORE H. NYE.

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