US2185682A - Copying machine - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 2, 1940. R.. w. PITTMAN 2,185,682

COPYNG MACHINE 'Filed-oct. 22, 1937 4 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR TH-- g s T( V.7A T

, Jn. 2, 1940. R. PITTMAN COPYING MACHINE Filedloct. 22, 1957 4 sheets-sheet 2 166 v @fr 126 INVENTOR Jan. 2, 1940. R. w. PITTMAN COPYING MACHINE 4 sheets-sheet 3 Filed oct. 22, 1957 Jam 2, -194() v R. w. PrrTMAN 2,185,632

COPYING MACHINE Filed oct. 22, 1957 4 sheets-sheet 4 jfs 2i F 10 9- a?" ag 31.

INVENTQR Patented Jan. 2, 1940 signor to The Beck Duplicator Company, a y.

corporation of New York `I l Application October 22, 1937, Serial No.v 170,363

ze om. loi. 10i-132.5)

This invention relates to copying machines, and more particularly to that type of machines known in thetrade as spirit machines, wherein .a master letter or' the like is printed or typed, or

5 otherwise prepared, with a suitable hectographic ink or carbon, on the reverse side of the master, which is in the negativeform, and with this side turned outward of the drum to which it is attached, copies are produced-that are given a l surface moistening on the side of the sheet which contacts with the master under a'suitable pressure roller to take oi some ofthe ink from the master.

The primary object of the present invention, is

16 to provide a simple, reliable, and efficient working machine, easy to handle and ,adjust to its best working conditions, operated either by hand 01' automatically, adapted with the present improvements for producing a higher grade oi 20 work, and a greater number of copies from one master, than is usually obtained on the present type of machines.

l Other objects herein obtained, are by the use of improved adjusting devices jof the machine,

25 such as the impression roller co-acting with the drum, to make a quick adjustment from a great'- er or less contact between the master sheet and the copy, providingby'this means a greater num- 4`ber of copies obtained from one master sheet, a0 and maintaining a uniform shade or color of v the imprint taken from the master. The amount of moisture delivered to the copy sheet to be copied, may likewise be instantly changed from a heavy to a light coating, or reversely, that -is 35 delivered by a feed roller, the lower one of a pair. that feeds and applieslthe moisturetogthecopy sheet, and a contact roller abovethenioistcning roller acting asa companion feed roller with'the moistening roller to propel Athe sheets to the drum,

is regulated to be quicxlylchanred murrine contact pressures.

obtain a perfect includes a master. clamping member, sollocated in a cutout portion of the drum that one wallvtently, these being the aforesaid moistening roller,

and the contact feed roller co-operating therewith, for propelling themoistened sheets to the register stop position of the drum. When feedg 'the machine automatically, thev rollers may be continuously driven, or intermittently if desired, since an automatic feed member at the proper time, and adjustable for the purpose,

forces the sheets to be copied between the revolving or stopped feed rollers, to reach the 6 stop of the drum, while the drum is at rest and about to revolve again, or during the continuous rotation thereof. When feeding by hand, the feed rollers are intermittently stopped, to provide time to insert the sheet into the bite of the lrollers, which start to rotate again at the proper time of rotation to propel the sheet to reach the stop of the drum, in the same manner as does the continuous feeding action of these feed rollers.

l A still further object is to provide a container to hold a suitable supply of the moistening fluid, which container is so constructed to be a removable unit, carrying the aforesaid moistening roller, and its companion feed roller, together with other mechanism, to deliver/and regulate the moisture applied to the copies. One form of this mechanism for applying the moisture to the feed roller, provides a shallow basin, in the top of the container, conforming to the lower portion of the moistening roller in which the same revolves, to` be constantly supplied with the moisture, by a pumping system in the container to supply the basin from the main supply of the container, and maintain a uniform level thereof in the basin by an overowfrom the'basin to the main supply of the container, andv a regulating roller, to regulate the amount of moisture takenY from the basin, and delivered at the top of the exposed lportion of the moistening roller to transfer the same-to the sheets to be copied, 35 and in another form thereof, the basin and the pump areomitted, and instead, an endless belt is suspended. in the liquid, to the bottom of the containen'and driven by a roller over which it issupported and held against the moistening A5 still lfurther object is to provide a universal sheetsl therefrom automatically, Ior A by hand.-

' When feeding automatically, the top sheet of^ thejpile of' blanks is maintained at a uniform top position, to be engaged by a' feed member, to move the sheets into the feed rollers, while these roll.- 50

ers are constantly or intermittently driven, as. may be desired, and when vfeeding the blanks by hand, the rollers are preferably `intermittently driven, and this top position ofthe blanksv is not required, and the means for so supporting the 55 blanks, as well as the feed member, may be moved to an inactive position.

Other objects of my invention will be set forth in the following description and drawings, which villustrate certain preferred embodiments thereof, or will be obvious therefrom without being specifically pointed out. It will be understood that the foregoing general statement of the objects is intended merely to generally explain the same, and not to limit it in any manner.

With the above and other objects of the invention in view, the inventionconsists in 'the novel construction, arrangement and combination of various devices, elements and parts, as set forth in the claims hereof, certain embodiments of the same being illustrated in the .said Vdrawings and described in this specification.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of my improved copying machine, certain parts thereof being broken away to more clearly show the working parts.

Fig. 2 is a portion of the machine, in plan, parts in section, to show howthe gearing is arranged.

vFig. 3 is a. side elevation of the machine, as seen from the left in Fig. 1, showing the feed table, and the automatic feed member in its operative position.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the machine, taken on line 6 4 of Fig. 1, as seen from the left, indicated by arrows.

' Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the lliquid container, shown as a removable unit, embodying the feed rollers, the regulating roller, the basin in which themoisteningroller revolves,and the pump to supply the basin, from the main supply of the container. Vi d'.

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the container unit,

`as seen from the right of Fig. 5.

Fig. 'l is a plan view of one end of the container, partly in section. to show the construction.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the work holding table, showing the means for elevating the blanks "f to maintain a uniform level ofthe uppermost sheet of the pue of blanks.

Flg. 9 is a side elevation of a portion of the machine, showing the means for quickly changing the feedrollers from constant to intermittent rotation. f I v Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of the drum, to show how the same is constructed and mounted.

Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section of the moistening and feed roller.

Fig. l2 is a modification of the means for supplying the liquid to the moistening roller,from the mainsupply carried in the container.

F18. 13 is a modication showing in a diagrammatical manner, my improvements as applied to Va machine in which the drum is continuously driven, together with continuous rotation of the feed a-nd moistening roller, and automatic feeding of the blanks. v.

Fig. 14 is a modification, similar to Fig. 13, and shows the feed and moistening roller intermittently driven. f

Figs. 15 and 16 are modified forms of th means for regulating the moisture.

As shown in the drawings, I provide, as is the general practice in this type of machines, a pair of side frames, 2 and 3, held in spaced relation by tie-bars, 4 and 5, with one side frame on the -inner side thereof, provided with a train of gears,

including va. pinion 6 driven by a crank 'I from the outside ofthe frame, for hand operation. of the machine, the pinion meshing with a gear 8, loosely mounted on a studfto which gear, a gear 9, is attached having an interrupted part of itsA teeth arranged to engage a gear I0, having an interrupted portion, which gear is ixed to the drum o f the machine, to provide intermittent rotation of the drum. The ratio of thegears as here shown, provides for four turns of the crank 1, to rotate the drum one completerotation, and during one rotation of the crank the drum is at rest, due to the interrupted portion of the gears. With my improvements the drum-could be. continuously operated, I will rst describe my invention, however, in .connection with the interrupted action of the drum. The drum indicated at D, is loosely mounted to rotate on a shaft I2, iixed against rotation to the side frame 2, by a. nut and washer, as at I3, the gear I0 being adjustably fixed to the drum.

The drum D, a cylindrical structure, has end walls Il and I5, with central openings for the reception therein of hubs, I8v and I'I, fixed to the walls by screws, at the end Il, the hub I 6, has the gear I0, with a sleeve-like hub Ill mounted on the hub I8, at one end of the sleeve an arm Illf keyed to the sleeve of the gear, which arm has an arcuate slot I4 through which a binding I screw I4", threaded into the side wall I4, holds the gear in any desired adjusted position, to enable, the adjustment of the drum vwith respect to a. master clamping bar I8 carried by the drum, with relation to the location of an impression roller I9 for co-acting with the drum, which roller serves an important function, when the drum is brought to rest, at which time the clamping bar I8 is directly under' the roller I9 (see Fig. 4).

Ihe clamping bar I8 is located` in a bore ill),-v

in a reinforced rib portion 2| of the drum, exf l tending from end toend, on the inner side thereof, the bore opened -outward to the periphery by a-cutl 22 madetherein, the full length of the bore, for a blade I8 fixed tothe barvl, to swing between side walls 22 and 22" of thel cut, one

of which as 22' is used to clamp the end of the master sheet to the drumfindicated at 4M by broken lines, this clamping wall 22' being in the rear of the wall 22, in the direction of motion of the drum (see arrow) The wall 22" when the drum is at rest, as shown in Fig. 4, is used as a stop face, against which the sheets to be copied are registered. The location of the impression roller I9 is not directly over the center of the drum, but somewhat at one side, as shown see lparticularlyFig. 4). This enables the entrance of the sheets to be copied under the roller I9, which provides, due to this oifset position, a clear path for the sheets to enter under the roller and guided thereby to properly register against the stop wall 22". It is further a desirable feature to thus locate the roller I9, to be closer to the copy sheet feeding rollers, one of which applies the moisture to the under side of the sheets, since a very light application of the fluid used is quickly evaporated, and loses its eflect for taking off -the ink from the master sheet, before the copy sheets reach the stop face of the drum and during the time the impression is beingmade. The bar I8, with its blade I8', is urged against the wall 22' by a spring I8a fixed to the drum, and to one end of an arm I8b by which the bar is rocked to move the blade for entrance of the master sheet (see Figs. 1 and 3). The bar I8,y

or shaft, as it may be termed, is of a diameter greater than the width of the cut, and provides, when the shaft is in the bore, a stop for the end 85.089 -of the master to limit the movement thereof into the cut, and assures alignment of the master with the drum, and it will be further noted that the clamp bar and shaft are readily removed from the side of the drum.

The feed rollers aresupported at -the front upper portion of a liquid container,` to be as close as possible to the roller I8, the container so arranged to be a complete removable unit see Fig. including in its entire make-up, a tank-like structure 25, of suitable proportions, to hold a fairly large quantity of liquid, from which todraw by a pumping action to maintain at a constant level a small quantity of the liquid in a shallow c basin 26, located closely and somewhat conforming lto thevcurvature of the lower feed roller, indicated at 21, whereby the lower part thereof engages in the liquid to be constantly' picking up the liquid as the roller is rotated, and the amount brought to the top of the roller is regulated by a contact roller 28, mounted at the front thereof. The basin has a forward extension 28' to catchy the drip from the contact roller, that is squeezed away as a surplus, the basin discharging its overflow over the edges of the shallow basin: The roller 21 is rotatably mounted in bearings in the end Walls of the container, one of which, indicated at 29, at one end, as in Fig. -7, and the other, carried by a plate 3|),A both bearings being fixed by screws to the end walls of the container. The roller 21 is supported on a shaft 3|, which extends outside the container at each end, and is here shown driven by a friction drive, indicated atv F, including a pinion 32, fixed to a sleeve 33 of a disc 34 loosely mounted on the shaft, a friction washer 35, of suitable material, interposed between the disc 34 and a disc 36, slidably mounted on the shaft, and fixed against rotation, by a pin 31, in the shaft, which engages in a slotted part 38 in the hub of the disc 36, and is adapted to rotate the shaft 3| by a regulated pressure applied to the disc 36 against the friction washer and the disc 34, by a spring 36" regulated by a threaded clamp collar 31". Anintermediate gear 38 carried by the plate 30, meshes with the pinion 32, which drives the feed roller 21, and thereby a- -companion feed roller 21', being lthe one directly above the moistening feed roller 21, and the regul lating roller 28, when the unit is in position on the machine, at which time the gear 38 will engage and mesh with the pinion 6 of the operating handle. 'Il'he unit is held in place on the machine by screws entering perforated lugs 40, resting on supports 4|, extending from the side frames, having threaded bores to receive the screws.

- The companion feed roller 21' is supported in suitable bearings 42, that enter slotted upstanding extensions 43 of the container. These bearings ride freely in the slots, to allow the roller to contact with the roller 21, below, to regulate itself to any uneven conditions of this roller, and may be brought to bear with different degrees of preslsure on the lower roller` -by spring controlled arms pivoted at 46, at one end, and the free end, with l be quickly removed, when desired.

a hook connection adapted to engage any one of a series of notchesin the overhanging portions of the arms, by this construction the roller may To pump the liquid from the supply, to maintainy the level in the basin, a pump 41, is attached to the bottom of the'container, and close to one side, to make ready connection for operation with a cam 48, carried by the shaft 3|, of the roller 21, which engages a rock arm 48, xed to a short shaft 50, passing through a bearing 5| in the side of the container, and the shaft has an arm 52 inside the container that engages a piston rod 53, slidable in the casing 54` of the pump in a bore 55. The lower end of the bore has an inlet 56, 'open to the supply of liquid in the con, tainer, when the piston rod is elevated, to allow `liquid to freely enter under the piston, which opening is closed on the down stroke of the piston, and enters an outlet port 51, communicating with-a discharge pipe 58, which feeds the basin, in a manner readily understood.

.The rock arm 49 is held in engagement with the cam 48, by -a,spring, 58. The regulating roller 28, is mounted in bearing members 68, slidable at one end on a pin 8|, in a bifurcated slot 8,2, at the rear end of the bearing members, an angular vportion 63 at the forward ends is bored .and threaded to receive threaded thumb screws ter of the container. The stud68 is reduced to re- I ceive the bar, which has a. bore 1|,"to fit loosely on the reduced end'of the stud, to rest against a shoulder at the inner side of the bar, and held in position on the stud by an indicator arm 12, the hub of which fits the stud, and between which thebar 61 is freely supported. The end of the stud has a slot for a screw driver, by which the stud may be set to the proper position, with respect to the indicator arm 12, and the hub, on

which the arm is supported, is split and is secured by a bindingscrew 13. The arm is of spring material, and has at its free end a finger piece 14, the inner part thereof pointed to engage in perforations 15, located and suitably spaced in the arc of motion of the arm, provided in the front wall of the container.

Before this construction, the equalizer bar 61, is first positioned between the shoulder of the stud, and the split hub of the arm 12, when this arm is in the first position or perforation, as at 15'. The split hub is then clamped by the binding screw 13, the thumb screws are then-rotated,

t which move the bearing members '68,' and thereby the roller 2,8 to engage'with the* moistening roller 21, to" its greatest lcontact position, uniformly at each end thereof, thereafter upon the shifting of the spring arm 12, along the perforations, the stud. by its threaded end moves the equalizerv bar outward, and the bearing members follow, thereby releasing the contact between the rollers to any desired amount. The bar Vis action, to maintain a rigid action of the connecting members. e Y

The container is also provided withcover plates, one in the rear, indicated at 16, which fits quite close to the roller 21, at 4one side thereof, so the top of the roller is exposed, and the other side of the plate extends outside the container, and serves to guide the copy sheets under the roller I3, and against'the s top wall 22'.' of the drum.

' slightly bowed inward to provide a light spring Ai the front oi the container, a similar guide and cover plate 11 is shown, on which the copies are fed to the rollers 21 and 21', which are the feed rollers.v

At the side of the container a. filling spout 18 is fitted with a screw cap 19, through which the container may -be filled, and an indicator arm 80 is connected to a short shaft 9|, passing through a bearing 82, and an arm connected on the inner side with the shaft carrying a oat 83, the indicator vwill show on the outside of the container, when thedesired amount of liquid has been received therein, and when the same is empty.

By this construction of the copy moistening and feeding means, arranged as a complete unit, I am able to quickly remove the entire u t from the machine, in its fully adjusted operatin condition, or replace the same, for any desired reason, together with its complete co-operative mechanism', including the means for instant regulation of the roller 28 by merely shifting thev spring arm 12 to increase the film of moisture or. .decrease the same, 'carried to the top of the roller 21, to thereby obtain a heavy or light copy,

and for the regulation of the companion roller 21 to varying pressures of this roller with the roller 21, by the spring controlled means, and this construction also enables the ready and quick removal of this roller from its mounting.

The impression roller I9, having, as heretofore described, the preferred location thereof, to one side of the drum, to enable the blank sheets to be guided under the ro1lerto engage the stop face- 22", is further provided withmeans for rapid adjustment to varying pressures, after first regulation thereof, for uniform contact at each end, and along the length of the drum. Thereafter, as' the work continues in makingnthe copies, it will only be necessary to shift a lever, to obtain a change of pressure, between the high and low pressure required. When the master is first applied to the drum, and before imprints have been made therefrom, the carbon or ink, from which the copies are produced, will .deliver a heavy imprint to the copy, and at this time a light pressure of the roller I9 will not take so much ofthe ink from the master, as would be the case under a uniform pressure, as is usually ldone, throughout the run, for a given numberof the copies generally made from one master. vI

am able to materially increase the number of copies obtained from one master, as stated, by first adjusting the roller I9 to make a `uniform contact, as stated, by regulating screws, 84,10- cated in arms 85, fixed to a rock shaft 8B, mounted in bearings of the frame, the arms overhanging the bearing members 81, in which the roller I9 revolves, and the bearings are movably carried, in runways of the frame, to enable the roller to make close contact with the drum, in all positions thereof, thebearings being held in position against lateral outward movement by the regulating screws engaging in slightly recessed -pockets at the top of the bearings in which the By lifting the arms,

ends of the screws enter. the bearings are readily removed from the ends of the roller and withdrawn outwa-rd of the frames, and thereby the roller removed from the machine. Under each bearing 81, a spring 88 supports the bearings against the screws 84 (see Figs. 1 and 3). This shaft 86 is rocked by a spring arm 89, controlled by a cam 90, of a regu- -lating arm 8|, pivoted at I92 to vthe side frame 2.

The arm has a spring detent pin 98, with a finger piece for withdrawalv of the pin from perforations 94 in a sector of the side frame for positioning the arm and cam, to exert more or less pressure, to the spring arm 89 and thereby the roller-I9. By this arrangement, when the parts have been 5 carefully regulated, as stated (which only needs to be done once, for a permanent adjustment thereof until some change in type of work or` condition of the machine occurs), it will only be necessarythereafter to move the arm 9| along 10 the perforations ofthe sector. Whenthe master is first applied, the pressure is at its lowest predetermined position, and the arm ,9| is set, in the lowest pressure perforation 'of the sector, and? as the work progresses in producing the copies, 15'

the arm is-changed to increase the pressure as required. By this means a greater number of copies mayv be produced from one master, since the master is not forced to give a greater amount lof inkthan is required to maintaina uniform 20 shade and' color of the imprint taken by the copies. The arm 9| also may be shifted to a position along the sector to free the screw ends of the arms from the bearings, so the bearings may be removed from the'ends .of the roller, as before stated.

To feed the copies to the feed rollers 21 and 21', by hand, or automaticallmas may be desired, a feed table 95 is mounted on forward extensions 88 of the side frames 2 and 3, thefeed table pref- 3.0

erably being carried by a bar 91, attachable to the extensions, on which the table is movable -for adjustment from -side to sideJand'arranged to.be readily applied, and removed from the machine.

-As here shown, the bar is held at each endA by a 35 thumb screw'90, tapped into the extensions. The table, see Fig. 8, in its preferred form, is madeup, by a plate 99, forming the bottom, 'of suitable width, bent up at the delivery end, by a right angle bend upward, as at |00, and again bent forl0` engaging the wall 00. The plates |03 have projecting studs |04, that engage in bearing hubs 05, ,Y for adjustment of the plates to varying widths of copy paper, and for true alignment with the f. front end s of the sheets with the feed rollers, and 55 the hubs have set screws tobind .the studs in their final adjusted position. A complement of spring members |06, fixed to -,the extreme front end, on the inner top side of the table, the' free ends thereof extending upward and joined by a '80 cross bar |01.- The springs are so arranged as to support a pile of sheets and to yield under, the weight of the full pile to assume a flat position on the plate. 99, but when the sheets are removed,

one by one, will gradually raise the pile, till the 65 l' lowermost sheet is elevated toV make slight contact' with' the under side of a crossbar |08, best seen in Fig. 4, this bar being fixed to the4 top of the angle members |02. The spring members |08 are active only when the machine is set for 70 automatic feeding, and when feeding by hand these springs are pressed downward, to any degree desired. and locked, so the table will be free for handling the blanks lto move them frward under the cross bar |08'. into the bite of the roll- 75 The spring members are held in the locked position by a threaded rod extending downward from the ,center of the cross bar |01, passing through an opening in the table, and a` thumb nut turned up on the4 rod, to hold the springs down. The thumb nut may be turned back, to the end of the rod,.which isl upset to prevent the nut from leaving the rod, when the springs are used for automatic feeding.

The power of the spring members |06 may be regulatedto increase or decrease the lifting. action, by a bar' |00', positioned under the springs and adjustable in slots. |06" in the table, in whichy the bar -is moved forward and locked under the table by nuts on the cla screws |06a, or in any desired manner.

'The table may be shifted. for side adjus ment thereof, along the bar V01, slidable on thebar in bearings 01' fixed to the table and clamped by a clamp screw 91". The front wall |00 of the table is provided with a thin'flexible rubber |0|', the

top of which extends to and lies over the rounded corner of the apron |0| and held by a plate ||0, to the wall |00, as by screws, the rubber acting as a separator, to prevent feeding of more than yone sheet. The friction drive F, for rotating the feed roll 21, and thereby the roll 21 by contact therewith, is so regulated to drive these rollers for continuous rotation, as beforestated, for automatic feeding of the copy sheets, or the rollers may be intermittently driven for hand feeding, the latter being done by providing the disc 36 of the frictionmember with teeth on its periphery, to be engaged by a toothv ||2, on an arm ||3, of a rock lever .I I4, pivoted at |5, on the outer side of the frame 8 (see Fig. 9), the lever operated by a cam ||6, on a cam shaft |1 which shaft is driven by a gear ||0,. fixed on the shaft and meshing with the`gear 8, of the train. This'lever ||4 is arranged so it may be held away from the cam,

by a lock arm ||0, and is also pivoted on the 1 frame at |20." One `part of the arm, as l2 I, when the arm is in one position thereof, will engage thev arm H3, and hold the tooth ||2 out of en-A gagement with the teeth of the disc 36, and the lever "4free of the cam, and thereby the friction drives the roller 21 continuously, and when the lock arm I0 is shifted, to the dotted position, the cam is engaged by the lever ||4, the cam of suitable shape, at the proper time, will bring the rollers at a predetermined time.

drum is being operated intermittentlmthis should tooth ||2 to engage the teeth ofthe disc36, and hold the roller 21 from further rotation, till the copy Sheet has been inserted into the bite of the feed rollers, when thev cam will 'release the engaging teeth and feed the Ycopy to the drurn stop 22". `An automatic copy-sheet feeding means is provided, to feed andv separate the ,copies for single sheets, from the top of a pile of blanks to the feedrollers in al manner to reach the feed In case the -be as soon, or about the time lthe drum comes to rest, during which time the feed rollers will' propel the sheets to the stop 22" of the drum, preferably just a fraction of time before the drum again starts to rotate, to be sure that the front k and' ing somewhat sooner. The feed wheel, indicated at |25, is mounted on a stud |26, Acarried by one arm,

as |21, of a rocking frame |28,Apreferably formed of material bent to provide a- U-shaped portion ,an upright bar |34, the top of which engages aV pin |35 at the end of the "arm |33, to rock the frame to lift and lower the feed wheel, the bar |34 being actuated by acaml lever |36, connected by a. pivot |31, to the lower end of the bar (see Fig."3) the upper end being guided to slide in a capped bearing |34 and controlled in its movements by acam |38, fixed on the shaft ||1. The cam, of suitable shape, may be adjusted tolift and lower the feed wheel in proper timing to engage the uppermost sheet of the pile of blanks, and propel the same to the feed rollers. The feed wheel |25 is continuously driven, as here shown, by a chain drive (best seen in Figs. 1 and 3), the chain |40, driven by a sprocket wheel |4| rotatably mounted on a stud |42, on the inner side of the frame 2, which sprocket has .attached there--I to a gear |43 and driven by a gear |44 fixed to the shaft ||1, to drive the chain in the direction indicated by the arrow. The chain drivesa small sprocket |'45xed' to a sleeve t 46, that' revolves on a' stud |41, secured to the side frame v2. The 4sleeve is slotted at the front end, as at |48, to

vmake a coupling connection with a shaft |49, that upward to an upright position to be out of the feeding position and clear of the entrance of the sheets, over the apron I0 and under guide members |0|', when feeding the sheets by hand.

From the foregoing it will be understood, that when the machine is fed automatically, the sheets are fed to the feed rollers from the topof the pile of blanks, that are elevated by the springs |06 to have the uppermost sheet of the pile in position to ride over the rounded edge of theapron |0| of the table 95, and here separated, preventing the sheets under the top sheet, by contacting with the rubber facing |00', from moving forward with the'uppermost sheet. The machine by this arrangement is quickly set to feed by hand, by simply lifting the feed wheel to an upright position, as stated, shifting the arm H9, to the dotted line position, so the cam lever ||4 will engage the cam ||6, and thereby the tooth ||2 of the lever will engage the teeth of the disc 36, to stop the feed rollers for the interval of time required to` insert a sheet into the bite of :the rollers, which will then rotate again, in proper timed relation to feed the sheets tothe drum stop.

It is found in practice particularly important in the making 'of high grade copies, that therollers used for -proper and uniform impressions with porcelain is expensive. since it must be carefully mounted on a shaft, the porcelain of tube forma- 'tion is generally carried on a shaft. surrounded by a cement filling to prevent breakage of the' tube, also requiring 'careful grinding and polish- `ing, making'an expensive roller to produce. As-

here shown, the roller 21 is preferably constructed by mounting a tube of suitable material adapted to withstand the moistening material used in this type vof machine, with which this roller is constantly saturated; one form thereof I have successfully employed, asshown in Fig. il, consists of a steel tube, having hubs 21a, forced in the ends thereof, bored to receive the shaft- 3|, which is held by a binding screw 21o, for quick removal, when desired, from the container, when the container is'in the machine, from the side thereof. The tube 21 is highly polished and plated, which prevents corrosion, and provides for free spreading of the moistening iluid thereon. Another form of tube successfully used and mounted in the same manner just stated, consists of a molded product known as Micarta, in the electric trade, having all the qualities required for proper distribution of this moistening liquid herein employed. The roller 21that contacts with thev roller 21, is usually made of felt, indicated by stippling, as best seen in Figs. 3 and 4, and may be made of sponge rubber. In either form, the material is formed into washers and applied on the shaft to support the same, packed on the shaft to provide firmness and proper resilience, and held in such position by a nut and washer at each end of the shaft, the surface is ground to be true, to co-act with the roller 21, to'yield and ride thereon, to conform to any slight variations between the two rollers, and press the copy sheets under regulated pressure thereto for, even distribution of the moisture to the underside of thev copies, which results in perfect copies taken from the master. The roller 28, for regulating the moisture, may also be of felt, or rubber similar to the roller 21', but preferably of a more resilient quality, for close regulation thereof with the roller 21, and somewhat more absorbing than the roller 21', since as stated when the roller 21 comes to rest, as which time the roller 21 is in position roller.

In Fig. 12, a modincation'is shown of the means for supplying the liquid from the supply inthe container to the underside of the roller 21, and may be regarded as vthe preferred form of this means, over that of the pumping action into the basin in which the roher 21 revolves, as heretofore described. Here, instead of the pump, 'amifr by omitting the basin, the mechanism is much simplified. An endless belt |88.' preferably of rubber, is suspended to the bottom of the container, and driven by the roller 21, by a contact roller I, over which lthe belt travels and held -in close engagement with the roller 21,'the roller |54 is supported on journal ends in bearing lpackets of spring hangers |58, located at each end ofthe roller, the hangers fixed to the rear aisaosa wall of the container,- and are of proper tension to hold the roller and the belt to engage the roller 21, to be frictionally driven thereby. 'Ihe roller I 54 is not directly under theroller 21, but

preferably as shown somewhat forward thereof,

andas close to the regulating roller 28, without touching the same, this position thereof permits of rotating the roller 21 in the reverse direction, which is often done by turning the crank handle in the wrong direction. When this is done, it is found that the roller and belt do not revolve and no liquid is carried up from the supply. When the belt is driven in the proper direction, as shown by arrows, a heavy film of liquid is con- Istantly applied, to the bottom of the roller 21,

in excess of the amount required, but I provide for regulation thereof by the roller 28, between the predetermined limit points, as hereinbefore stated.'

In Fig. 13, I show a modification in the gear train, to provide for continuous rotation of the drum, and the feed and moistening rollers 21 and 21. While it is the usualpractice in copying machines to drive the drum intermittently, with Y l my improved stop face 22' of the drum, -formed 'by the cutout 22, for the master clamping bar to swing in, I am able to provide for proper register of the copy sheets with the master while the drum is in rotation, by so timing the lowering movement of the feed wheel |25, to move and feed the sheets forward to the moistening andfeed rollers, which rollers continue the feeding of the sheets to the drur'n,v while the feed wheel |25 at at this time is elevated and ready to repeat the next feed operation, during which time the forward end of the sheety being fedis moved against the stop. A slight variation in the feeding of sheets is likely to occur, this, however, is taken care of here, by the cutout portion 22 of the drum, being quite wide, the sheet is so timed to enter the cut, as the same revolves tothe position, as here shown, to open a passage under the roller I9 to guide the end of the sheet therein, and this may take place any time during the time the opening is thus passing under the roller vI9, allowing of a difference, of about three sixteenths of an inch, variation of the front ends of the sheets to engage the stop, this difference is taken up as the drum advances, otherwise in some cases that portion of the sheet would be drawn tight between the feed rolls andthe drum,

v and in other cases the sheet would be lloose and a loop would form,` asindicated at L. 'I'he gear 8 of the train, driven by the hand crank handle,

meshes with the gear 8, as an intermediate gear to drivethe gear |0a to rotate the drum, for continuous movement, by thus arranging the gear train, the cam shaft I8, as shown in Fig. 4,

is placed between the drum and the container 2B,\A

indicated at ||8' to be clear of the drum, and on this shaft the gear 8 is mounted, instead ofthe stud, as heretoforefto provide this position of the shaft, and is driven by the gear 8, on which the cam |88 to lift and'lower the feed wheel is. mountedkand-brslightl'y rearranged lposition of the connections, andI the chain |40 to drive the feed wheel. i

Fig. 14:, also a modification, shows the same general arrangement of the gear train, as juste' described with respect to Fig. 13,l to rotate the drum continuously. Here, however, the machine is especially adaptedfor hand feedingand the friction drive F, of the feedrollersland 2,1 is

employed to momentarily stop the feed rollers, to

provide time to insert the copy sheet to be fed .moment will again rotate and feed the sheet to the drum stop,.the distance from the rollers to the drum, is quite close, and a slight advance movement of the feed rollers. is obtainedv by the proper timing of the cam on shaft IIB', to

operate the connectionaas here arranged, .to suit D copy sheets to engage during fthe :restperiod or'continuedrotation of the position of the shaft, the operation otherwise being as hereinbefore described.v

In Figs.i15 and 16,.,certainmodiilcations of the moisture regulatingmeans: are shown.l Insteadl of the. roller 28, .as heretoforedescribed, I may employ a non-revolving contact member |80 -of any suitablematerial, suchas felt (see Fig. 15) in the form of a pad to engagethe roller 27, with vthe same adjusting means to vary the tension against in a manner light the roller 2 1, and wipey the roller, readily understood, to "carry yaI heavy or coating of the moisture tothe topv ofthe roller 21, to be applied to the copies. The felt pad may be so shaped as to engagethel faceof the roller the full length thereof withav comparatively wide front face' IBI, and. at the top of the pad taper downward and rearward from the roller to provide a drain from the roller 21 at the. time this roller comes to a stop to insert a copy -sheet to be fed-,lH as "hereinbefore referred to. Another forml of 'this wiping and regulating means is v shownV in Fig. v16,heretln'e.; regulating contact is made with ayiel'ding flexible. strip .|62 of metal,

having a perfect.drainingsposition;placed atfthe. Y

angle shown, andv thel strip; willyield" to close contact along the'full length -of the rollen-and the strip being carried in any suitable manner to be regulated, such as already disclosed.'

The operation of the. invention has been referred to in what has been'above said, and it is believed the same will tbe'entirely plaintwithout further description.

Certain of the advantages of the invention have also been pointed out'in. what has been above said, and others will be readily seen without further description.

I do not limit myself tothe of construction whichehave-beenset forth in the foregoing specication.and-illustrated inthe accompanying drawings-as'themsame refer to'and set forth only@certainnembodimentsvofthe in-` vention, and itiisobvious=that..thesame may-be modified, withintheV scope r lof the claims hereof,

without departing'v fromV the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thusl described my invention, .what -I claimasl new andfdesire to secure" byvLetters Patent is as follows:

1. A copying. machine, .comprisingl a supporting frame, a drum and an impression roller coacting therewith, a gear train to rotate the drum .and vsaid roller intermittently or continuously,

means carried by thedrum, to clamp a master sheet thereto, from which copiesare produced, and provide to gauge-stop for registration thereclamped end' of the master, including a clamp bar xed to a 'rock shaft-located in a bore longitudinallyof the drum, ad-

sheet between one wall andthe bar, with the end of .the master engaging the shaft to limit the movement thereof vinthe rear. of the'wall, in the direction of moparticular details container, operated by or liquid carried to transferred to the copies, and means to drive the acting therewith, means clamp a master thereto, said nieans connected in the bore. providing said cutmeans including into the cut., whlchwall is structure removably attached to thel machine as u tionof the drum, said other wall being a stop wall, against which' the copy sheets engage for registration thereof, said impression roller. lo-v thedrum.

2. A copying-machine, comprising a drum, and an impression roller co-acting therewith, supported for rotation in spaced side frames, said slidable bearings for adjustto varyingcontact pressure roller mounted i'n ment ofthe roller positions` with'. the drum, and removable outv ward of the side frames for the removal of the roller from the machine, means to move and regulate the bearings under a yielding pressure and thereby the roller, including a rock shaft pivotally located in the side frames at one side of the bearings to be parallel having overhanging arms fixed to the shaft, with adjusting screws in the ends of the arms to engage the bearings for independent adjustment of the bearings to obtain 'rst a uniform pressure of the roller with the drum at both ends and along the length thereof, means to rock the shaft for instantly changing the said regulated' uniform pressure between predetermined and varying pressure positi'ons ofthe roller with the with the roller and drum and a position thereof to free the arms volvin'g in a shallowV basin located at the top of the container, the basin being supplied from the mainy supply to overflowing by a pump in the a connection fromvthe lower feed roller, means to regulate the quantity the top of the roller to be lower feed roller, intermittently, or continuously, and means adapted lto instantly change the drive from continuous to intermittent rotation, substantially as specified.

4, A copying machine, of the class specified,v

comprising a drum, and an impression roller cocarried by the drum to with means to provide a stop face against which copy sheets are registered with relation to the' position of the master, and by the location of said. impressionroller, set forward 'to engage with the drum at one side of theaxis thereof, for sheets to be guided under the roller to engage the stop,

means to feed the'copy sheetsl to the drum, and apply a-moisture to the underside thereof, said a liquid container embodying a to feed copy sheets to which supplied `with liquid by i an operative engagement with a cam face pora complete unit, having means to feed copy sheets between a pair of feed rollers, one of which revolves in a shallow basin, at the top of the container, supplied with liquid to overflowing capacity, by a pump within the container from a main supply carried bythe container, said overflow returned to the supply. means to drive the said feed roller revolving in the basin intermittently, to stop the rotation of the feed roller during a short interval to feed a copy sheet to the rollers, means connected with the saidl `driven feed rollers to operate the pump, means to regu- -late the quantity of liquid transferred by the rollo with means to provide a stop face of the drum against which copy'sheets are registered with respect to the position of the master,'and by the location of said impression roller, set forward of the drum to engage with the drum at one side of the axis of the drum, for sheets to be. guided under the roller to engage the stop, means to feed the copy sheets to the drum, and apply a moisture to the underside thereof, said means including a liquid container embodying a structure removablyattached to the machine as a complete unit, having means to feed copy sheetsfbetween a pair of feed rollers, one of which revolves in a shallow basin, at the top of the container, supplied'with liquid to overfiowing'capacity, by

a pump within the container from a main supply Y carried by the container, said overow returned to the supply, means to drive the said feed roller revolving in the basin continuously or intermittently, means connected with said feed rollers to operate the pump, means to regulate the quantity of liquid transferred to the sheets, and means to instantly change the quantity so regulated, between predetermined limits thereof from a greater to a less quantity, and means to regulate and 'vary the contact pressure between the pair .of'feed rollers, can'ied by the container,

means to automatically feed the copy sheets to the feed and moistening rollers in timed relation whereby the feed rollers will feed the copies to the drum stop.

6. In a machine of the hectographtype. comprising a drum and impression roller co-acting therewith, means adapted to moisten, in adjustable regulated quantity and feed the copy paper to said drum and impression roller, including a structure, embodying as a complete unit, for removable attachment to the machine, a liquid container supporting avpair of feed rollers, one above the other, the lower one of which is supplied with liquid from the container, by an endless belt suspended in the container' to pick up from the bottom thereof, the liquid and transfer the same to said lower feed rol1er said belt yieldingly 'supported on a roller, over which it travels. anddriven by contact with said lower feed roller, aregulating roller engaging the 4said lowerv feed roller. located between the contact'portions of said pair of feed rollers and said liquid applying belt, means to adjust the regulating" miler to uniform contactwith theelower feed roller-:means to v'ary the contact pressure of said roller lo B1-usted, and means to lock the roller in said varying contact positions.

7; In a machine of thehectog'raph type, com-v prising a drum and impression roller co-acting therewith, means adapted to moisten and feed the copy paper to` said drum and impression roller, including a pair of feed rollers, mounted one above the other, in a liquid containenxthe lower roller of nonporous material, supported for rotation in bearings located jfn the end walls of the container, and above a supply-of liquid therein, means to drive the roller, means to interrupt the rotation of the roller, to provide time to insert a copy into the bite of the feed 'rollers prior to feeding the copy between said rollers. means driven by the lower feed roller to pick up liquid from the supply in the container, and transfer the same to the'lower feed roller, including an endless belt suspended in the supply' to the bottom thereof and mounted on a carrying.

roller over which the belt travels whereby the belt engages the said feed roller, means to vary the contact pressure of thetop feed roller, with Athe* lower roller, including sliding bearings in which the roller is mounted, regulating armsA engaging the bearings over the top-thereof, the arms extending forward, and having notches, for the ends of pull springs pivoted to the container,

and adjustable along the notches, for applying more or less tension on the roller.

8. In a copying machine, comprising a suitable frame, adapted to support one portion of a mechanism of a complete machine, normally not removable, and a removable portion of the mechanism, said normally non-removable portion including a'gear train, having a driving gear xed to a driving shaft, to operate the train, an intershaft preferably extending across the machine .and located forward of said normally non-removable mechanism and between said removable portionand said normally non-removable portion, said intermediate gear meshing with a gear fixed to a drum for ycontinuous rotation thereof, by said drive gear, and an impression rollencoacting with 'and driven by the drum, said removable mechanism including a liquid container embodying a structure adapted to support, as a complete unit, attachable to the machine. thel mechanismfor feeding copy sheets to the drum, deliver to the underside thereof a regulated uniform coating of the liquid from the container, adapted 'to be first regulated to uniform distribution thereof and deliver a quantity greater than required, and a separate means to regulate the quantity between predetermined points of adjustment, for a heavy or light coating thereof, to the copies passed through a pair-of` feed l'lers, the lowervone of which supported for rotation above the liquid, in the container and supplied with the liquid from the bottom thereof by a traveling belt suspended therein, means to drive the lower feed roller intermittently or continuously, including an intermediate gear, rotatably mounted on the container, and meshing with a continuously driven. gear being-.one member of a' friction member carried by the shaft of the -mediate gear, meshing withsaid driving gear, xed on a shaft, which shaft serving as a cam lower feed roller, by which the roller is driven,

s. A copying mmmnemprmnn heving a stcpfaee against which copies areregissupply, to be delivered in regulated quantity to .the underside ofthe copy sheets, during the feeding thereof,.means to drive the lower feed roller intermittently or continuously, including a friction drive( member, providing in its preferred form, a continuously driven gear loosely mounted on the shaft of the roller, said gear attached to a disc forming one part of the friction member, for coacting with a companion disc slidably fixed to the lshaft, a friction washer interposed be'- tween said discs, and provided with means to regulate the power of the friction drive, means to continuously drive the gear and said disc and thereby the roller, means to intercept the rotation of the feed roller, including teeth on the in a bore adjacent the periphery and longitudiperiphery of Vthe said' disc attached tothe gear, adapted to be engaged by a tooth of the interceptingmeans and thereby stop the rotation of the roller, means to operate the intercepting means, in timed relation to -feed a copy sheet into the bite of the feed rollers and release the same in proper timing whereby the copy sheet will be fed to the said stop of the drum, means connected with said intercepting means, adapted to shift the position thereof, from an active position wherein the said feed rollers are intermittently driven, and when in the inactive position the feed rollers are continuously driven.

l0. A copying machine, comprising a drumand an impression, roller co-acting therewith, q

said roller located to engage the top of the drum, forward of a vertical line drawn 'through the center-of the drum, means to drive the drum continuously and thereby the roller, said drum having a master clamping means including a rock shaft provided `with a clamping bar located nally ofthe drum, a cutout portion extending outward of the bore in which the bar may.rock and clamp a master sheet against one wall of the cut, and the other wall provide a stop face against which sheets to be copied are registered, means to feed the-copies to the drum and moisten the underside thereof, including a pair of feed rollers adapted to be either continuously or'intermittently driven and means todrive the same, means to automatically feed the sheets from the top of a pile of blanks in timed relation to'propel the sheets to said feed rollers, and continue the feeding action by the feed rollers to the drum stop, in a slightly advanced timing action of the said feed members, whereby the leading end of the sheets fed will engage the drum stop while the stop is passing under the impression roller to guide the sheet to thefstop.

l1. In a copying machine, comprising a pair of feed roilers,'rotatably carried at the top of `a liquid container, one,y of which supplied with liquid, at one side thereof, by a traveling endless belt adapted to pick up liquid from the bottom of the container, to use the full supply therein, with an amount greater` lthan an amount delivered over the`rol1er to copyy sheets passed between the'rollers at another portion thereof, means to regulate the amount so delivered to said copies, located between said delivery portion, and that portion so receiving the supply, including acontact member adapted to engage the roller under: varying degrees of tension, towipe the roller, said member having its upper contactrend'. close to the miler, tapered outward and downward away from the roller to drain the accumulation over the roller broughtto the top thereof, which tends to run back when the roller is brought to a stop.

12. In a copying machine, comprising a lsupporting frame, a drum and an impression roller co-acting therewith, a gear train to rotate the drum intermittently or continuously, means carried by the drum, to clamp a master sheet thereto and means connected with said means, to

provide a gauge stop for registration of the copy sheets, close to the clampedmOrtion of the master, both said means including aclamp bar iixed to a rock shaft located in a bore longitudinally of the drum, adjacent the periphery thereof, -said bore having a cutout extending outward of the drum of less width than the bore, the full length thereof, l providing said cutout with opposing walls, between which the clamp barvis adapted to swing, for clamping the master sheet between one wall and the clamp bar, the shaft of which limits the inward movement of the master into the cut, said wall being the rear wall of the cut in the direction of motion of the drum, said other wall being a stop face, against which the copy sheets engage for registration thereof, said impression roller, located forward of a vertical linedrawn through the axis of the drum, to provide anv open passage under the roller for the entrance of the copy sheets to engage the stop.

ll A copying machine, comprising a drum co-acting with the drum, and'a complete unit comprising a liquid container, supporting mechanisni for feeding copy sheets to the drum and delivering to the underside thereof a regulated uniform coating of the liquid from the container, said container and mechanism being arranged andl assembled for convenient unitary attachment .to and removal from said machine withlout substantial disassembling of any other parts and an endless belt adapted to pickup liquid from said container and transfer the same in yregu-- lated quantity-to one of said feed rollers. l

l5. A copying machine, comprising a drum and `an impression roller co-acting therewith, `means to feed sheets to be copied to the drum, and apply moisture in regulated and predetermined quantity instantly adjustable froma heavy to a light ap` plication thereof, to the underside of the sheets to be copied, including a pair of feed rollers with adjusting means to regulate the pressure between the rollers, together with the moisture regulating mechanism therefor, supported by a structure embodying a liquid container adapted for removal from the machine, with the operating parts thereof in their fully working adjusted position as a complete unit, said container having bearings in the end walls to suitably'support the feed rollers one above the other, the lower one of which fixed to a shaft, removable from the side of the container, for theA removal of the roller, and the upper roller carried in bearings slidable in runways in the'container, to make contact with said lower roller, means within the container, and actuatedcbysaid lower roller ,over which the moisture is transferred to the copies, including a traveling endless belt,. adapted to lift a greater supply of liquid than yrequired from -adapted to hold a master. an impression roller vthe bottom of the container, to be acted upon by said regulating means before the moisture is transferred and applied to the sheets, closure `complete unit removably attached to the machine, carrying the complete operative mecha- .nism in the fully operating adjusted position thereof, including means to feed copy sheets to the drum, means to regulate the tension between the feeding means, means within the container to pickup liquid from the bottom of the container and transfer the same to the copies, means to regulate the liquid picked up, to a uniform and even distribution thereof, before transferring the same between the said feeding means, means to instantly regulate the uniform distributed liquid from a heavy to a light distribution thereof, between two predetermined pressure positions l of the regulating means, and intermediate positions thereof, and means to control and lock the regulating means at said predetermined points and intermediate positions thereof, said means located outside the container, forready manipu-` lation. v

17. A copying' machine comprising a drum and an impression roller co-acting therewith, a liquid container embodying 'a' structure adapted as a complete unit removable attached to the machine, carrying the complete operating mechamsm in the fully operating adjusted position thereof, including means to feed copy sheets t0 the drum, and moisten the underside thereof, and means to regulate the tension between the feeding means, said moistening means, including a traveling belt enclosed within the container, adapted to pick up liquid from the bottom of the container and apply the same in quantity greater. `than required, to said feeding means at a position before and between which the liquid is transferred to the copies, means to regulate the liquid ,so picked up, to a uniform and even distributionl thereof to said feeding means, said means consisting of a movable contact member adapted to engage with the liquid, the contact member cary ried in sliding bearings, one at each end thereof,

lsaid bearings supported in the container, and having ladjusting screws threaded therein and extending outward of the container to engage'the ends of an equalizer bar, by a grooved headed part of the screws tting in bifurcated portions thereof, for uniform adjustment of the contact member with said feed means'for even distributicn of the liquid, and means to instantly Y regulate the quantity between two`y predetermined positions of regulation, for a heavy or light distribution, and positions intermediate thereof, including a stud threaded into the container on which the equalizer bar is loosely mounted centrally thereof, against a shoulder of the stud and e between a hub of a spring arm fixed to the stud to rotate the same for movement of the bar, and

thereby the contact member, for varying the position thereof, from one to the other and between said predetermined regulating positions, said arm controlled at its free end by engaging in any one of a series of perorations to hold the arm and its connected parts in locked relation.

vtransferred supplied with the liquid by a traveling endless belt within the container picking up the liquid from a main supply from the bottom of the container, said belt driven by said lower roller. means to regulate the quantity of liquid transferred to the copies, means to drive the lower roller intermittently or continuously, and means tok instantly change the drive from continuous to' intermittent rotation.

19. A copying machine, comprising a drum and an impression roller co-acting therewith, means .carried by the drum to clamp a master thereto and provide a stop face for copy sheets to engage, includingA a bore lengthwise of the drum, adiacent the periphery, a cutout portion outward of the bore to receive therein a rock shaft, the diameter of which is greater than the width of the cutout, and said shaft having a clamp bar attached, adapted to swing between the walls of the cut, to clamp a master sheet to one wall of the cut, and limit the inward movement of the master into the cut by engaging the end thereof against the shaft, as a stop, a liquid container embodying a structure removably attachedto the machine as a complete unit, including means to feed the copy sheets to the drum and moisten the underside thereof, means within the container to pick up liquid from the bottom of the container to be transferred by the feeding means to the copies, means to .regulate the liquid to an even distribution thereof, and means to instantly regulate the liquid between two predetermined positions, from a heavy to a light coating thereof, and means to regulate and vary the contact pressure of the feed means carried by the container, means to automatically feed the copies to said feeding means, which in turn feed the'copies to the drum stop, in timed relation.

20. In a machine of the hectograph type. comprising a drum and an impressionroller co-acting therewith, means adapted to moisten infadiustable regulated quantity and feed the copy paper to said drum and impression roller, including a structure embodying as a complete unit for removable attachment to the machine, a liquid container supporting sheet feeding means, including a pair of feed rollers, one above the other, the lower one of which is adapted to supply the underside of the' copies with liquid from the conf tainer, by a traveling endless belt enclosed in the container, the lower'end suspended in the liquid, to pick up from the bottom thereof, to be transferred over said lower roller -to the underside of the copy sheets,- means to drive the belt' by said lower roller, a regulating roller, located in front of the vlower roller; adapted to contact with the. liquid prior to the transferring thereof to the copies, to strip the liquid to uniform and' varying quantities, means toinstantly vary the.

lns

- 10 between two 8 the rotation thereof at a .40 the roller with relation 55v roller, arms fixed aisaesa moistening means, and means .to regulate thev liquid before it is received by the copies, by a first regulation thereof for a uniform and even distribution in a quantity greater than required, and means .for instantly reducing the quantity predetermined quantitiesv from a heavy to a light application thereof, and means to regulate the pressure between said feeding means.

22. A copying machine, comprising a drum l5 an impression roller co-acting therewith, means to feed copy sheetsl to the drum, including a structure embodying as a complete unit for removable attachment to the machine, including a liquid container supporting a pair of feed rollers,- 20 one above the other,

the lower one of which carrying liquid from the container supplied by a traveling belt enclosed'within the container, one

end-thereof suspended in the container to pick up liquid from the bottom thereof, and transfer the same to and over said lower roller, said'belt driven by said lower roller, and means to support the suspended portion of the belt in spaced 'relation from the upper portion, means to drive the lower roller intermittently, to stop and start the timing of the intermittent rotation of the drum, and means carried by the-container to adjust the tension between the feed'rollers.

23. A copying machina-.comprising a'drumand u an impression roller coacting therewith, spaced side frames between which the drum and roller are mounted, said roher engaging the drum above and forward of a vertical line drawn through the axis of the drum, to provide an opening under the drum, when said cutout is in position under the roller, a master clamping means adapted to clamp the master against one wall of the cutout, and the other wall of which forms a stop face 45 against whichv copy sheets are registered, to be s close to the clamped end of the master, means the drum, means to Yregulate the pressure of the impression roller for uniform alignment at both ends thereof with the drum, including sliding bearings in which the roller is mounted, such as open runways of the frames, a rock shaft rotatable in the said frames, located close to and parallel with the to the shaft overhanging the bearings, with adjusting screws to engage the bearings, the ends of which enter in recessed pockets therein, to hold the bearings in their.l operative position against endwise movement,

to feed copy sheets to 00 means to control the movement of the rock shaft,

time independently of I to a cutout portion ofr first, to a `position to free the arms from the bearings, for removal thereof outward of the frames, and thereby enable the removal of the roller, second, rock the shaft to the position where said adjustment for alignment is made, and third, to positionsbetween two predetermined positions to instantly change for a heavy or light pressure of the roller, including a spring arm fixed to one end of the shaft, having an engagement with a carn faced lever pivoted to one of said side frames, the arm provided with a spring controlled detent adapted to engage in perforations along a sector over which the arm swings, to lock the arm and connecting mechanism in any of the said adjusted positions.

24. A copying machine, comprising a drum. adapted to hold a master, an impression vroller co-acting with the drum, and a complete unit comprising a liquid container supporting mechanism for feeding copy sheets to the drum and delivering to the underside thereof a regulated uniform coating of the liquid from the container by means of an endlessA traveling belt, said'y container and mechanism being larranged and assembled for convenient unitary attachment to and removal from said machine without .sub-- stantialdisassembling of any other parts theree 25. A copying machine, comprising a drum and an impression roller co-acting therewith, and means adapted to moisten and feed the copy.

' paper to said drum and impression roller, includ- 4 to instantly change the contact pressure between two predetermined and intermediate positions thereof, fora heavy or a. light distribution.

26. In a copying machine, comprising a pair of feed rollers, rotatably carried at the top of a liquid container, one of which is supplied with liquid, at one side thereof, by a traveling endless belt adapted. to pick up liquid from the bottom of the container, to use the full supply therein, with an a'mount greater than the amount to be delivered over the roller to copy sheets passed between therollers at another portion thereof. means to regulate the amount so delivered to said copies, located between saidA delivery portion and said portion receiving the supply, including a contact member adapted to vengage the roller under varying degrees 'of tension.

v 'I' W. PITIMAN.

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