US2181508A - Liner segment - Google Patents

Description

N0v- 281 1939- c. B. cusHwA Er A1.

LINER SEGMENTv 2 sheets-sheer 1 Filed April 50, 1938 INVENTORS l Char/es B.Cushw a,-& 1 Thamas 1..whi+e M x M Nov. 28, 1939. Q B CUSHWA 'Er AL V 2,181,508

LINER SEGMENT Filed April Aso. 1958 2 sheets-sheet 2 4Z INVEN-ros Thomas L.Whle

50 Charles B. Cus hwa the bending force.

Patented Nov, 28, 1.939

f UNITED. STATES MT1-:Nr OFFICE 2,181,508 LINER, SEGMENT v charles B. cu'shvra and Thomas L. white,-

Youngstown, Ohio, assignors to The Commercial shearing & Stamping Company, a. corporation of Ohio Application April 30, 1938, Serial No. 2051304 5 claims. (01.'61-45) This invention relates to linings for earth borings and, in particular, to a liner segment adapted to be formed from steel plate and to be assembled end to end with other similar segments forming continuous lining rings. Such rings are assembled side by side in a manner to form a complete lining. l Numerous forms of liner segments have been proposed heretofore and it is the principal object of our invention to improve upon the segments which have been used previously both from the standpoint of economy of manufacture and ease and convenience in erection, while at the same time providing a segment of ample strength to support the load to which `linngs `are usually subjected.

Linings for earth borings are subject to certain well defined forces, such asring thrust, ring bending, bending of segments, etc. Ring thrust is the circular thrust going around the ring setting up compression stresses in the metal. 'I'his ring thrust is distributed over the sectional area of the segment and must be transmitted across the joints between the segments of each ring.

Bending is caused by unequal loading of the ring and is resisted by the section modulus of the segment. The joints between segments of each ring must be strong enough to withstand Staggering of the jointsin the adjacent courses is of assistance in this respect, each course acting as a splic`e"\or the adjacent course. Local bending of individual seg-` ments is resisted by the section modulus of the segments taken circumferentially of the lining. It will be seen, therefore, that thel strength of `the joints is of extreme importance.

In a preferred form of the invention, our liner v segment comprises a curved plate having stiifening corrugations extending therealong, preferably though not necessarily throughout the entire length thereof. End walls extend inwardly from the plate adjacent the ends thereof, in one form of the invention, one of said walls being located substantially at one end of the plate, the other being spaced inwardly from the other end thereof. Securing means Ysuch as bolts passing through the end walls connect adjacent plates rigidly together. Each segment is overlapped by one of the other adjacent segments.

These structural features provide the strengthA necessary to resist the forces above mentioned. In anothergform of the invention we dispense with the end walls and provide means for rigidly described connecting Athe segments end to end, as will be in greater detail hereafter, with refer- .ence to the ,accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment as well as the modification thereof. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a partial side elevation of a lining composed of segments of the preferred form;

Fig. 2 is a partial plan view thereof;

Fig. 3V is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of Fig. 2;

Figs. 5 and 6 show adjacent segments in section as in Fig. 4 but separated from each other/instead of connected together;

Fig. 7 is a partial side elevation of one end of the segment to an enlarged lscale;

Fig. 8 is a partial plan view of a lining composed of segments of a modified form;

Fig.4 9 is a partial sectional view taken along a tunnel or the like in accordance with the invention is indicated generally at Ill.A The lining is composed of segments II assembled end to end to form rings such as indicated at AI2 and I3. These rings are built up in side by side re-y lation to the desired length within the tunnel or other boring.

The segments II are formed from steel plate and are provided with corrugations I4 which preferably extend the full length-of the plates.

As shown in Fig. 1, each segment includes a skin plate curved to the desired radius, and end walls I5 and I6 extending inwardly therefrom. Both end walls are shaped to conform to the corrugations of the plate as shown' in Fig. 3 and are welded to the plate as at I1. .-As shown in Fig. 6, the end wall 4I5 is welded to the//skin plate ush with the end thereof. The end wall I6, however, as shown in Fig. 5, is welded toA theskin plate in a position spaced inwarfdly from the other extreme end thereof. Byyvirtue of this position of the end wall I6, one end of each vsegment (the right-hand end shown in the drawings) overhangs the end of the adjacent segment as at I8 in Fig'. 4. The end walls areprovided it is normally. subject and makes `each ring of with alined holes adapted to receive connecting bolts I3 by which the abutting ends of two adjacent segments may be drawn rmly together and rigidly connected. The rigidity of this connection provides sufiicient strength in the completed lining to withstand the stresses to which the lining self-supnrting as it is erected, the connection between segments being such `that jstress applied to one segment is communicated across the joints between it and adjacent segments to the remainder of the ring. The endto-end joint shown is 100% eilicient in trans- Y mitting thrust around the ring.` Bolts I9a traforming the body of the segment. Because of the shapeof-the corrugations I4, the lapped portions of adjacent vplates will nest closely as shown in Fig. 3. Since the side walls of plates assembled in end to end relation are in the same plane,`

however, portions of both sid walls of each segment are cut out adjacent the end wall I5 as indicated at 2 I to receive the overhanging side Walls of the adjacent segmentv as shown in Fig;

',4.- The side walls are also provided with bolt holes whereby each ring may be connected to the adjoining rings by vbolts 2-2.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description that the segment shown in Figs. 1 through 7 makest possible, at relatively low cost, to provide a strong, rigid liningfor earth boresvcharacterized by tight joints and relatively light weight. The facility with which the lining may be erected is a further important advantage because the work of assembly is performed within thev lining where workingspace is very limited.

Referring now to Figs. 8 through l2, a modified form of segment 30 is provided with side walls 3I and corrugations 32 extending throughout the length thereof. The segment 30 is curved longitudinally in the same manner as the segment II and has intermediate transverse reinforcing members 30a similar to -those shown at l5a.

Opposite ends of each segment are provided with depressions or protuberances 33 and 34 so shaped and dimensioned Athat they form mating portions, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, when the ends of adjacent segments are lapped for connection as by bolts 35 extending through alined holes in connect adjacent rings of the lining in the manner already explained.

` The segment shown in Figs. 8 through .12 is characterized by all the advantages aforementioned with reference to the form of the invention rstdescribed. as well as the additional advantage of still lower cost in that no end walls are employed. The mating recesses 33 and 34 make the end-to-end joints efficient in transmitting thrust and-the bolts passing through the crests and troughs of the corrugations are likewise very elcient in transmitting bending stress.

A further form of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 13. vThis form is similar to that of' Figs. 8 through 12 in all respects except that it has no side wall as such, the edges of the segments of adjacent rings being lapped as at 40, one edge of each segment being pressed downwardly as at 4I to permit such lapping. The lapped edges are connected by bolts 42 and the nuts 43 cooperating therewith may be Welded to the edges of the segments in alinement with the bolt holes to facilitate assembly.

while we have illustrated and described herein only a preferred form of the invention with two modiflcationsthereof, it will be understood that various other changes in the invention disclosed may be made without departing from the spirit thereof or the scope of the appended claims.

1. A liner segment comprising a skin plate curved along one dimension and having corrugations extending along said dimension, depressions formed adjacent one end of the plate and protuberances at the other', a pair of said segments being adapted to be assembled en d to end in partly lapped relation wherein the protuberances at one end of a segmentmate with the depressions Vin the4 end of the adjacent segment, said depressions and protuberances being disposed at the crests and troughs of said corrugations.

2. A lap joint connecting the edge of one plate to the edge of an adjacent plate, said plates being curved along their dimension perpendicular to their lapping edges and vhaving corrugations extending in the direction of curvature, said joint including depressions spaced apart along the lap- -ping edge of said one plate, protuberances similarly spaced along the lapped edge of the adjacent plate, said protuberances nesting in said depressions-when the edge of said first-mentioned plate is in lapping relationA to the edge of said adjacent plate with their corrugations nesting, and means securing the lapped edges of said plates together, said depressions vand protuberances being tapered whereby they nest tightly.

, 3. A liner segment comprising aA curved metal plate having corrugations extending along one dimension thereof, said'corrugations being 'deformed adjacent their ends to provide protuberances and sockets adapted to intert on lapping the end of one segment over the end of another.

4. A liner segment comprising a. curved metal plate having corrugations extending'along one dimension thereof, said corrugations having troughs and crestsvdened by cylindrical surfaces and connecting portions extending therebetween dened by conical surfaces.

5. A liner segment comprising acurved me-r,

tal plate having corrugations extending along one dimension thereof, said corrugations being deformed adjacent their ends to provide p rotuberances and sockets adapted to interflt on lappingthe end of one segment over the end of another, and holes'through said plates adjacent saidprotuberances and sockets, adapted to receive fasteners for securing adjacent gether in end lapped relation.

Y x CHARLES B. CUSHWA.

THOMAS n wnI'rE.

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