US2177138A - Rock anchor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 24, 1939. l w, 1 HLLANDER 2,177,138

v RocKvANcH'oR y Filed Dec. 6, 1937 Patented Oct.` 24, 1 939 A vUUWISJITED.str .fiTizsv 'PATENT OFFICE ROCK ANCHOR `William Loewe Hollander,'Centrala, Mo., assignor to A. B. Chance Company, Centralia, rMo., a corporation of Missouri Application December 6, 1 937, `Serial. No.I 178,204

3 Claims./ (Cl. 189-92) The present invention relates to rock` anchors, vand is concerned with `rockanchors of the type adapted to be used for anchoring guy rods in terrain which comprises at least a strata of solid One ofthe objects of the present invention is the provision of an improved rock anchor adapted to be used with guy rods for guying telephone and telegraph poles and the like, which is simple and comprises a minimum number of parts, and which may be caused to be anchored or expanded by rotation of the guy rod. r f l Another object of the invention is the provi-V sion of an improved anchor of the class described,

which is caused to'becomehtighter inthe hole in lthe rock by the loadwhich yis placed upon the 'euyrodf Y Another lobject of the invention is the. provision of an improved yrock anchor which is adapted to be installed inthe rock as a unit, and vwhich may be expanded or released as desired, by the application of a rotative 'force'applied tothe guy rod by means of the eye and a rod or bar.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and accompanying drawing, in which similar characters of reference indicate similar -parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. y1 is a reduced elevational view, with the terrain in cross-section, showing an installation of a guyrod and rock anchor according to the present invention; f

A Fig. 2 is a fragmentary full size elevational view of my rock anchor inexpanded position;

Fig. 3 is a view similar t0 Fig. `1 of the guy rod in collapsed'position preliminary to its installation, and provided with means for holding its parts in predeterminedl position;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken through the guy rod' and anchor, with the parts in the positionof Fig. 2; y Y

Fig. 5 is a bottom end view of the expanded anchor ofFig. 2; y o n Fig. 6 is a bottom end view of the collapsed anchor 'of Fig. 3.

. Referring to Fig. 1, I0 indicates the earth,

which maybe solid rock,lor provided with a strata ofsolidtrock, :indicated at II. The anchor installation includes-the guy cable I2, which is se* cured to the guy rod I3 by being passed through its-eye|4` and secured by a cable clip I5. The guy'rod preferably comprises an elongated rod which is provided with an nipIOVed eye I4 having an impact surfacey I6 at the top and one or more cable receiving grooves I1. f

The rod is threaded at its lower end from the point |18, where the upper nut I9 has been driven home, to the extreme lower end 20. Thus the 5 rod may be provided with a thrust bearing in the form of the nut I9, which is merelythreaded on the threaded end of the rod until it abuts the unthreaded portion at I8.

The expanding members 2| and 22 are similar 10 in shape in that each member consists of a substantially cylindrical portion which is provided with an oval opening 23, 24 passing through each expanding member axially from one end to ,the other.l The bore is madeA oval in cross sec- 15 tion, as shown in Fig. 5 so as to provide space for lateral movement of the expanding members 2| 22 on the guy rod. The oval openings or bores V23, 24 have their narrow diameter large enough .to receive the threaded end of the guy rod. The 20 larger dimension of the oval openings 23, 24 is such as to permit the desired amount of lateral movement. The expanding member 2| is adapted to bite into the rock by virtue ofthe teeth 25 which extend peripherally and may be formed in 25 theexpanding member 2| during the casting 0peration. The end surface 26 of the expanding member 2| is preferably flat so that it will engage the inner side 21 of the nut I9.

The opposite end of the expanding member 30 2| and the adjacent end of the expanding member 22 iare cut off or shaped kwith beveed surfaces 28, 29 ofthe same angularity in extending in a plane which is preferably at a slight angle, such as that shown, to the axis of the guy rod. This 35 gives the two expanding members 2|, 22 engaging beveled surfaces by means of which they may be forced upward when axial force is applied to them. Y The expanding member 22 may have a smooth cylindrical outer surface 3U which is 40 adapted to slide'when it engages the surface of the rock in the bore 3|.

Its lower end 32 in Fig. 4 is preferably provided with aflat surface so that it will engage the fiat upper, surface 33 of the nut 34, which is threaded 45 on the end of the guy rod I3. 'I'he leading ends of these expanding members 2| 22 are preferably provided with a curved or beveled surface 35 and 36, so as to ride over obstructions when the guy rodv isbeing put into the bore or when it is being 50 expanded and the expanding member 22 is moving upward.

` At each side of the fiat surface 32 on the lower end of expanding member 22 there is a downwardly extending lug 31, 38, and the lugs 31, 38 65 have parallel plane inner walls 39,` for engaging the sides 4I of the nut 34. Thus the nut 34 is prevented from rotation when the anchoring members 2| and 22 are held against rotation.

The guy rod I3 and nuts |9 and 34 are pref-A erably galvanized to prevent corrosion and to permit the loosening of the anchor whendesired, while the anchor shoes 2| and 22 are preferably made of malleable cast steel.

Referring to ""Fig'. 3, 'the expanding members 2| and 22 are preferably assembled with the guy rod initially as shown in that ligure, the two ani-` choring members being held together by4 a pair of relatively light tie Wires 42, 43. The rod may then be twisted slightly, relative to the anchor members 2|, 22, until the tie wiresv 42 43 are tight, and the device is then ready for assembly" as a unit'.

When the parts are .in this position, the assembled rock anchor is substantially cylindricalV at the anchoring members 2|v and 22e.

The installation of my rocl anchor is as follows: A bore 3| is made in the roch, and the bore is preferably slightly ylarger than the collapsed anchor, as shown in Fig. 3, so that the anchor may be readily'inserted.V The! guy rod I3 is of suicient size to reach the top of the ground, and projects lfar 'enough to beA attached to the cable. The :bore 3I ismade at an angle which extends in the direction which the guyY cable I2 is to extend. Y'Ihe anchor may then be placed in the bore and the spacev between the'anchor andthe bore may be filled with a small amount of materiaL'suchas dirt'or VArock, on top of the anchorgand around the guy ro'd'until the halves 2|,"22 of the arichorare prevented from rotating,

A rod 44 may then be, placed through the eye I4 andusfed `forfrotatinzg` thehg'uyrod, whereupon the nuty 34' will b,e"` caused "to progress upward on the threaded end of'th'er guy rod, causing the halves 2|,*'22 of thef'anchor to slide on the beveled surfaces 28, 29.` The sehalves are thus caused to expand laterally' toward theposition of Fig. 2, until" they engagethe sides ef the bore 3|.

Tlie'tiewiresl 42 and are soontorn apart by the expansion of the expanding members 2|, 22, and'may be disregardedv thereafter, as they haveperformed their 'function of holding the halves of the anchor ijposition'for-shipment and installation. Subsequent expansion may cause some slight crushing of the rock at each side, tending't'o make Vthe bore 3| slightly oval where "the halves ofthe anchor engage, and thus further preventing rotation of V'these parts of the anchor., y C'on'tir'iuedA rotation ofV the guy rod by means of theV guy rod 3,4"will bring the halves of the anchor into the position of Fig,y 2, and during this mation the `half anchor member 2| stays still in the bore, while the half anchor member 22 rides Vupward on the nut 3,4,

It will thus be observed that Ihave invented an improvedr'anchor by means of which a guy rod may b e xedly secured to a solid, rocky terrain or to a terrain havinga strata of rock.

The guy rod is thus adaptedA to utilize the entire weight of the rockfto` whichk the anchor is attached, 'and the possibilitiesforjbearing a load on the guy'rlodare limited only by the character ofA the' rock, vits size and weight andr strength of a the parts used.

The anchor isnot intended to be used in relatively soft, crumbly'rock, but only in a relatively me me Il' "leeds if bece'ms meer tightly wedged in the bore in the rock by the pull which is exerted on the guy rod, since the upper half 2| of the expanding anchor remains still, and the lower half 22 is pulled upward by the nut 34.v

The application of a greater force thus only tends to anchor Vthe device more firmly in the rock.

The present anchor may be constructed at a very `low cost, due to the few small parts which it requires, and due to the fact that practically no machining operations are necessary on the anchor parts.

`While I have illustrated a preferred embodinient of my invention, many modications may be vmade without departing from the spirit of the invention, and I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, butjdesire to avail myself of all changes within the scope of the appended claims.

'Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Paten?. of ,the UnitedY States, iS=

lSIn'ai'i' anchc'r for electric line poles and the like, thecombin'ation"ofV va guy rod having a cable receivingV eye at its upperi end, said guy rod being threaded at 'itslower end,v a nut carried by'said threaded end and driven tightlyagainst the unthreaded part of said guy rod, a relatively fixed expanding ymerriber, of substantially cylindrical shapehaving'ra flat end engaging said nut' and Ahaving an axiallyI extending bore of voval cross sideswfr 'engaging thesides of Vsaid nut, said and axiallyprojectingA shoulders with flat inner expandingmembers havingl acutely bevelled in- Y 11er' 'engaging end surfaces, arida'nut carried by yiiliefeliici ofsaid guy rod and located between said shoulders, whereby rotation of the guy rod causes the latter nut totravei upward on saidv guy rod to'eifect" `a sliding movement betweerisaid bevelled surfaces and a lateral expansion of each exbanding member relative "to the other.

."In'arianchor for'` electric line poles and the like, the 'combination of 'a guy rod having a cable receiving zeyeat its upper end, said guy rod being threaded at its lower' end, 'a hut carried by said threaded end and driven'tightly against the unthreade'd part of V'said guy rod, ya relatively fixed expanding; membefof' sb'st'antiaiiy cylindricfn shape having a flat end 'engaging saidl nut and having an axially` extending bere of v'oval cross section for receiving threaded portion of said dricalA shape, having a' similar through bore for said :guy rod and having at'its lower end a flat surface for engaging thevinner end of a nut and axially projectingt shouldersfwith flat inner sides frengaging the'siles of said nut, said expanding members having acutely bevelledV inner engaging end surfaces, and a nut carried by the en'dmof said guy Yrod and located between said shoulders, whereby rotation of the/guy rod causes thev latternutto 'travel upward on said guy rod to effect a sliding movement between saidl bevelled surfaces and a lateral expansion'of each expanding member relative to the other, said relatively fixed anchor member being formed Ywith a plurality of peripherally extending ridges for engaging, the wall of an aperture for said anchor.

3, In anv anchor for electric line. poles and the like, the combination of a guy rod having a cable receiyingl eyeat its upper end, said guy rod being threaded at its lower .en-d, a nut carried by said threaded end and driven tightly against the unthreaded part of said guy rod, a relatively fixed expanding member of substantially cylindrical shape having a at end engaging said nut and having an axially extending bore of oval cross section for receiving the threaded portion of said guy rod, a movable expanding member of cylindrical shape, having a similar through bore for said guy red and having at its lower end a flat surface for engaging the inner end of a nut and axialiy projecting shoulders with flat inner sides for engaging the sides of said nut, said expanding members having acutely bevelled inner engaging end surfaces, and a nut carried by the end of said guy rod and located between said shoulders, whereby rotation of the guy rod causes the latter nut to travel upward on said guy rod to eiect a sliding movement between said bevelled surfaces and a lateral expansion of each expanding member relative to the other, said relatively fixed anchor member being formed with a plurality of peripherally extending ridges for engaging the wall of an aperture for said anchor, and a plurality of tension wires extending tightly about both said expanding members and between said ridges and urging the expanding members axially into engagement with said nuts.

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