US2168318A - Heavy duty scraper - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 8, 1939.

M. M. BRODERSEN El AL HEAVY DUTY SCRAPER Filed March 25, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS g- 3, 1939. MM: BRODERSEN r-:r AL ,3

' HEAVY DUTY SCRAPE R Filed March 25, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ,1939. M. M. BRODERSEN El AL 2,168,318

HEAVY DUTY SCRAPER Filed March 25, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 55 Aug. 8, 1 939. M, M, Bb s 5- AL 2,168,318

HEAVY DUTY SORAPER, Filed March 25, 1935 4 sheets-sheet 4 73 Inventors ?atented Aug. 8.1939 I I I UNITED STATES PATENT orrlcs HEAVY DUTY SCRAPER Max M. Brodersen, Alhambra, and Len 0. Bird, Glendale, Calit; said Brodersen assignor to said Bird Application March 25, 1935, Serial No. 12,812

6 Claims. (Cl. 37-----. 26)

This invention relates generally to scrapers may be removed, transported, and discharged, which are used for removing dirt, sand, and other quickly and efficiently with a minimum of power. material, as in the leveling of ground, building With these and other objects in view the inroads, excavating, grading, etc., and more parvention consists in the combination. correlation,

ticularly to the type known as heavy duty, carry and construction, of parts, members, and fea- 5 all, scrapers, by means of which-large amounts tures, which will be described in the specification of dirt may be removed; and will be finally pointed out in the claims. Of the manifold objects of this invention, the Referring to the drawings: principal one is to provide a heavy duty scraper I Figure 1 is a plan view of a device embodying comprising a jointed. frame structure which is our invention. 10.

supported at the forward and rearward ends on Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure l. wheeled carriages and carries, pivotally support- Figure 3 is an end elevation of Figure 2. ed therein, a scraper bowl and an apronwhich Figure 4 is a section taken approximately on is adapted to serve as a closure for the receiving line 44 of Figure l. side of the bowland is designed to pickup and Figure 5 is a side elevation of the implement ll retain about one-third of the total load capacity illustrating the cable arrangement for controlling of-the scraper. the bowl and apron and showing the bowl and Another object is the provisionof an impicapron in the load carrying position. ment in which power means, either-cable or hy- Figure 6 is a side elevation similar to Figure 5 3o draulic, are provided for imparting a knee action in which the bowl and apron are shown in the to the jointed frame structure for raising and load dumping position. lowering the implement and for imparting'oscil- Figure 7 is a side elevation of the implement lating motion to the pivoted bowl and apron illustrating the cable arrangement for raising thereby selectively controlling the scraping, loadand lowering the implement and showing same m ing, carrying, and dumping, positions of said in the lowered position.

bowl and apron. Figure 8 is a side elevation similar to Figure '7 This construction permits a. large amount of in which the implement is shown in the raised dirt to be scraped and carried with but a relaposition.

tively small expenditure of power, since the main Figure 9 is a detail of the bowl stop and 3e factor which limits the size of the ordinarysindetent.

gle scoop scraper for practical purposes is the Figure 10 is a plan view of another modified great frictional resistance'offered to the loading form of the invention. of the dirt when the latterhas to pile up on itself Figure 11 is a side elevation of Figure 10. and move back by the pressure of the incomin Figure 12 is a rear end view of Figure 11.

3g dirt. v c The objects outlined above are attained by the In operating the present implement, the bowl preferred and modified forms of embodiment of is moved along the ground surface until a subthe invention shown in the drawings, which in a stantlal amount of dirt is accumulated ahead of generic sense consists of a jointed frame structhe bowl after it has been loaded to capacity, the ture comprising forward and rearward sections,

0 apron'is the?! released and permitted to p 11 wheeled supports for the forward and rearward 40 top of the accumulated dirt. The resistance ends of said frame structure, a bowl and a clooffered by the heaped up dirt prevents the apron sure for same pivotally associated with the rear from closing off entirely the receiving side of section. ofsaid frame, means for imparting a the bowl an f r her m v men f th impl men knee action to said frame structure for raising forces additional dirt p through the aining and lowering the implement and means forcon- 5 opening. When the scraper is filled to capacity trolling the scraping, loading, carrying-and disthe imp e t i e evat d a d he wei ht of the charging, positions of the bowl and its closure. dirt upon the apron together with the weight of Referring to Figures 1 to 9 inclusive. the apron itself closes the receivingside of the In a more specific sense, the preferred form of go bowl completely. To discharge the dirt the-bowl heavy duty scraper exemplified in the accompany- 5 and the apron are swung away from each other ing drawings in a practical form of embodiment, on the order of the clam-shell bucket. I is .shown as comprising a jointed frame structure As a further object, it provides a simple and I whichincludes the forward and rearward seccomp'act yet substantial power controlled impletions 2 and 3, respectively. The forward section ment by means of which large quantities of earth 2 of the frame I consists of the transverse mem- '55 ber 4 which is provided with the centrally located leg 5 which in turn is swlvelably connected, as at 6, to the wheeled carriage 1. The wheeled carriage is equipped with the draft tongue 3, which is adapted in the usual manner forconnection to a tractor. At the ends of the transverse member 4 are the rearwardly extending arms 9 having at the rearward ends the vertical members I! which are reinforced by means of the angle brace members II. The vertical members. Ill carry at the upper ends the cross member I2 to which is secured a block of three pulleys indicated at i3.

The rear section 3 of the frame I consists of the forwardly extending arms M which are pivotally supported at their rear ends on the axle l5 of the wheeled carriage l6, as shown at ll. Just ahead of the wheeled carriage l6 and interposed between the arms I 4 is the transverse tie member l9. The forward ends of the arms l4 are provided with the vertical members l9 which are reinforced by means of the angle brace members 29.

The forward and rearward sections 2 and 3, re-

spectively, of the frame I are pivotally connected as at 2|.

A scraper bowl 22 is pivotally carried on the rear section 3 of the frame I, as shown at 23. Securedto the upper edge of the rear side of the bowl 22 is a block of two pulleys, as shown at 24.

Disposed forwardly of the receiving side of bowl 22 to serve as a closure for same, is the apron 25 which has the rearwardly extending arms 26 connected, as at 21, to the angle braces 20 on the rear section 3 of the frame I. forward side of apron 25 is a block of two pulleys, as'shown at 29. I

Connected to the pivots 23 which support the bowl 22 on the rear section 3 of frame I are the actuating arms 29. The arms 29 are forked as at 39 to straddle the rearwardly extending arms 9 of the section 2. The forked ends 30 of the arms 29 are conjoined by means of the transverse member 3|. The forked ends 39 of the arms 29 are provided with the forwardly extending ears 32 which carry, pivotally secured thereon, the flanged wheels 33 which in turn are adapted to ride on the arms 9 of the frame section 2. A block of five pulleys is secured on the transverse member 3|, as indicated at 34. I Mounted on the leg 5 of the forward frame section 2 is a bracket 35 which carries a block of four pulleys as indicated at 36.

Referring to Figures '5 and 6 which show the cable arrangement for controlling the scraping,

loading, carrying, and discharging positions of the bowl 22 and apron 25: V

Theend of the cable 31, ordinarily known as the dead end, is secured to the back of bowl 22 as shown at 38 and the cable is reaved through the pulley blocks 24 and I3 to effect a block and tackle arrangement for tilting the bowl 22 about its pivots 23. The cable 31 is also reaved through pulley blocks 28 and 34, to effect a block and tackle arrangement for raising and lowering the apron 25, and is passed over a pulley in the block 36 then through the swiveled pulley 39 to be connected to a drum or reel of any conventional winding apparatus associated with the power take-off of a tractor.

By pulling and releasing cable 31 the bowl 22 and apron 25 are actuatedin proper sequence rela tive to each other, for scraping, loading, carrying, and dumping, by virtue of the difference in their respective weight, thus it is necessary to have only one control for both the apron and the bowl.

When the implement is in the carrying position Secured to the the apron has reached its limit of travel the bowl 22 is tilted forward discharging the remaining load, as shown in Figure 6.

For resetting the bowl 22 to its scraping position the cable 31 is gradually released until the stops 40 at the back of bowl 22 come to rest on the transverse member It. The bowl 22 returns to the scraping position before the apron 25 is lowered by virtue of its much greater weight. After, the bowl is reset the apron may be held in its raised position by stopping the releasing of cable 31. This position is illustrated in Figure 2.

The bowl 22 may beretained in the scraping position, securely enough for all practical purposes, by means of the spring loaded detent 4|,

which comprises a bolt 42 slidably supportedin brackets 43 and 44 secured on the transverse member I3. The bolt 42 carries at one end the roller 45 which cooperates with the detent cam 46 on the bowl 22. Interposed between the bracket 44 and shoulder 41 on the bolt 42 is the spring 49. See Figure 9.

Referring to Figures '7 and 8 which show the cable arrangement for controlling the operative and inoperative positions of the implement:

The dead end of cable 49 is connected to the bracket 35, as shown at .50. The cable 49 is reaved through the respective pulley blocks 36 and 34 on the bracket 35 and the transverse member 3| which connects the actuating arms 29, and is passed over one of the pulleys in block l3, under a pulley in block 34, over a pulley in block 36 and then through swiveled pulley 5| to be connected to a drum or reel of any conventional winding device on the tractor.

To raise the implement from the lowered position in Figure 7 to the elevated position in Figure 8, the cable 49 is pulled to effect a block and tackle action between pulley blocks 36 and 34, consequently imparting a pulling action to the actuating arms 29 which in turn draw the rear frame section 3 forwardly causing the. frame structure I to buckle upward'about the pivot joints 2| in a manner similar to bending a knee, thereby elevating the bowl 22.

A stop 52 for the wheels 33 is positioned on the arms 9 of frame section 2 to limit the forward movement of actuating arms 29 and consequently the raising movement of the implement.

Upon releasing the cable 49 the knee action of frame structure I is reversed thereby lowering the bowl 22.

In Figures 10 to 12 inclusive, a modified form of the implement is shown in which hydraulic means are provided for controlling the scraping,

loading, carrying, and discharging positions of the.

, the rearwardly and downwardly extending arms The rear section 3b consists of the forwardly extendingarms 64 carrying the diagonal members 65 which extend upwardly as well as forwardly 15 9,168,818 and are connected at the ends to the cross member 66. The arms 64 and members 85 are reinforced by means of the vertical and diagonal bracing members and 51, respectively. The rear ends of the arms 64 are associated through the resilient means 68 with the axle 69 of the wheeled carriage lib, which in turn is pivoted transversely, as shown at 10 on the bracket II which extends rearwardly from the cross member I2, connecting the arms 64 and located just ahead of the wheeled carriage l6b.

The bowl 22b is pivotally mounted by means of trunnions 13 on the rear section 3b of the frame lb. The rear ends of arms 63 on the forward frame section 2b are pivotally connected to the trunnions I3. The apron 25b is provided with the rearwardly extending arms 261) which are pivotally connected, as at 21b, on the diagonal member 65.

The resilient suspension means 58 consist of springs 14 interposed between the top of axle 69 and suitable retaining caps 15 bolted to the arms 64. Slots 16 provide the necessary clearance for axle 89 for vertical movement of same.

By pivotally supporting the rear end of the implement on the carriage lib for transverse oscillatory movement of said carriage relative to the implement, a load may be carried in a substantially level position when traversing an uneven surface.

A hydraulic cylinder 11 is pivotally mounted in bracket 18 on the cross member 66 and has the piston rod 19 pivotally connected, as at an, to the back of bowl 22b, for controlling the tilting of the bowl.

A hydraulic cylinder 8| is pivotally mounted in bracket 82 on the cross member 66 and has the piston rod 83 pivotally connected, as at 84, to the apron 25b, for controlling the opening and closing of the receiving side of bowl 221).

A hydraulic cylinder 85 is pivotally mounted in bracket 86 of the leg 62 of the forward frame section II) and has the piston rod 8-1 pivotally connected, as at 88, to the bracket 89 on the cross member 66 of the rear frame section 3?), to impart a knee action to the jointed frame lb for controlling the operative and inoperative positions of the implement.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

11. In a dirt moving machin a front frame structure having opposite side elements, a front running gear unit supporting the forward end of said frame structure, a rear frame structure pivotally connected at its lower forward end to the rear of said front frame structure for vertical movement, said rear frame structure having opposite side members, a rear running gear supporting the rear ends of said .rear frame structure, means associated with said frame structures to control pivotal movement with relation to each other around their common pivotal axis, whereby the level of said axis may be raised and lowered, a scraper bowl disposed between the said frame elements of the rear frame section and mounted for vertical swinging movement upon said rear frame section and upon its pivotal connection with the front frame section, stop means carried by the rear frame section for limiting the downward swinging movement of the rear of the bowl, and means for swinging the bowl vertically to desired positions of angularity with relation to the ground.

2. In a dirt moving machine a front frame structure having opposite side elements, a front running gear unit supporting the forward end of said frame structure, a rear frame structure pivotally connected at its lower forward end to the rear of said front frame structure for vertical movement, said rear frame structure having opposite side members, a rear running gear sup porting the rear ends of said rear frame structure; means associated with said' frame structures to control pivotal movement with relation to each other around their common' pivotal axis, whereby the level of said axis may be raised and lowered, a scraper bowl disposed between the said frame elements of the rear frame section and mounted for vertical swinging movement upon said rear frame section and upon its pivotal connection with the front frame section, stop means carried by the rear frame section for limiting the down.- ward swinging movement of the rear of the bowl, means for swinging the bowl vertically to desired positions of angularity with relation to theground, a front gate forthe bowl pivotally carried upon the rear frame section wh'ereby'said gate may move toward and away from an obstructing position with relation to the throat of the bowl, and independent operating means for said gate.

3. A power scraper comprising a front running gear unit, a rear running gear unit, a front frame section supported at its forward end upon the front running gear unit, a rear frame section supported at its rear end upon the rear running gear unit and a common articulate connection between the lower forward end of the rear frame section and the rear of the front frame whereby the sec tions may assume desired angular relation to each other and the horizontal whereby the forward end of the rear frame section may be raised and lowered, a scraper bowl pivotally connected at its sides and adjacent its forward end to the articulate connection of the rear frame section, stop means limiting the downward swinging movement of the rear of the bowl, and positively operable means for swinging the rear of the bowl upwardly to different positions of angularity.

4. A power scraper comprising a front running gear unit, a rear running gear unit, a front frame section supported at its forward end upon, the front running gear unit, a rear frame section supported at its rear end upon the rear running gear unit and an articulate connection between the front and rear frame sections whereby the sections may assume desired angular relation to each other and thehorizontal whereby the forward 0 end of the rear frame section may be raised and lowered, and control means for positively actuating said sections, a scraper bowl pivotally con-' nected at its sides and adjacent its forward end to the articulate connection of the rear frame section and the front frame section, stop means limiting the downward swinging movement of the rear of the bowl, and positively operable means gear section, a substantially U-shaped lifting 'yoke, the arms of which extend rearwardly of the transverse portion and which is supported upon the front running gear unit, a rear running gear v unit, a lifting frame comprising a pair of side rails supported from the rear running gear unit, the forward ends of the side rails and the rearwardly extending arms of the lifting yoke being articulately connected for vertical movement whereby the supported ends of the lifting yoke and lifting frame may swing vertically with the supporting running gear units and the intermediate pivotal portion will assume desired spaced relations to the ground, operating means whereby saidlifting yoke and lifting frame may be moved with relation to each other to different positions of angular adjustment, a scraper bowl carried by the lifting frame disposed between the side memhers thereof and pivoted for vertical swinging movement independently thereof, means fox-pivotaily swinging said howl, a front gate for the bowl adapted to swing toward and away. from an obstructing position with relation to the bowl, arms for the front gate extending over the bowl and being pivotally mounted upon the rear frame upon an axis adjacent the rear of the bowl and independently acting means for raising and lowering the gate.

8. A power scrapercomprising a front running gear unit, a rear running gear unit, afrontframe amasie' section supported at its front end upon the front running gear unit, a rear frame section supported at its rear end upon the rear running gear unit, an articulate connection between the front and rear frame sections, a scraper bowl pivotally connected at its sides and adjacent its forward end to the articulate connection between the rear frame section and the front frame section, lock means positively engaging the bowl to eliminate the downward movement thereof, a front gate for the bowl, arms therefor extending horizontally above the bowl and means pivotaliy connecting the rear end of said arms with the rear frame and means positively operable for swinging the bowl about its pivot and control means 15 for positively actuating the'front end and rear frame sections.

MAX M. BRODERSEN. LEN O. BIRD.

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