US2162081A - Permanent wave apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June 13, 1939. A HALL 2,162,081

PERMAIAENT WAVE APPARATUS Filed May 5, 1938 Patented June 13, 1939 v 2,162,081

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS Frank G. Hall, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Halgar, Inc., Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Application May 5, 1938, Serial No. 206,222

7 Claims. (Cl. 132-.36)

This invention relates to improvements in apthe strand wrapped into a roll ready for applicaparatus for permanently waving hair, and more tion of the exothermic pad. particularly to hair-waving apparatus of simple Fig. 4 is a detail view of the exothermic pad. and economical form capable of use by a woman Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figs. 2 and 3, but 5 for home treatment of her own hair or the hair showing the exothermic pad applied about the 5 of others, without requiring complicated accesroll, in final condition for heat treatment.

series such as electrical attachments or the prac- Fig. 6v is an enlarged transverse section of the tice of extraordinary skill in manipulating the apparatus arranged as shown in Fig. 5. apparatus, Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5, but showing The present invention is based upon a form of the roll and protective shield in a twisted posi- 10 apparatus broadly disclosed in the co-pending tion relative to the felt pad, but without danger application for Letters Patent of Carlota de la of scalp burn to the wearer.

Garza, serial No. 148,703, filed June 1'7, 1937, and Fig. 8 is a detail view of a metal protective is especially directed to improvements in the shield forming one of the novel features of my construction of the wrapper or curler, and metal improved apparatus. 15. heat reflecting and protective shield used there- Fig; 9 is adetail view of a felt pad forming a with. part of the apparatus.

One of the most serious difficulties heretofore Fig. 10 is a detail view of a fibre shield optionencountered in the use of hair waving apparatus ally usable in connection with my improved form is the danger from burns or scalds caused by disof apparatus.

charge of steam toward the scalp during the Referring now to details of the embodiment of 20 heating process. Substantial protective devices, the invention shown in the drawing, t e P such as thick felt pads, are usually placed next pal parts of the apparatus comprise a felt pad ill, to the scalp, and other forms of shields have also a metal shield I, a wrapper l2 and an exotherbeen inserted between the curl and scalp during mic pad l3. The felt pad I0 is of the usual form 25 the heat treatment. Nevertheless, scalp burns having a longitudinal slit I therein through are still of frequent occurrence, even under which a strand or tress ii of hair to be treated is skilled hands, due to accidental twisting or dispassed, and the pad is then brought against the placement of the wrapped curl relative to its prop, as indicated in Figs- 2 d In P p tective pad so as to permit a jet of steam genertion for treatment, the strand of hair is mois- 30 ated in the wrapper to be discharged over the tened as usual with a permanent wave or hairside of said pad toward the scalp. eat ng Solution.

In carrying out the present invention, I proh P t e S e d ll Sh Wn in detail in vide an improved form of curl wrapper including 8 s p e e ab y made of sheet metal such as aluma metal reinforcing member serving to assist in inllm, and s Provided With pt flanges 35 curling the hair strand into a straight, relatively "5 along pposite sides thereof so as to form in compact l hi is more readily maintained. effect a trough for receiving the assembled hair in proper position during the subsequent heating and g g pad i L gr are fistage, and also provide a new form of heat rey Secure Q' as W {more 4 fleeting and protective shield which co-operates fully Sam shield 13 Pmvlded a 40 with the wrapped roll and the heating pad so as yj i fig fg'f t recei e r s ran sprea orm prior 0 iis ifriiiit lie filifi ifs: ziitzstrtss me bums' I I t l i z i I strand d ftl r lfi ld the cenerso romoneegeo es e The mventmn'may best be The wrapper l2 includes an elongated strip of 45 erence the mmPPanYmg drawing m whlch cloth such as flannel, folded upon itself to form 1 1S a viewnmstratmg the methPd of two lapping sheets ll, l8, one of which is prefp t of y p v d m of halr-wavmg erably slightly longer than the other. Along the apparatus. folded end of the wrapper is disposed a pair of 2 is an enlarged perspective V w Show ng insulated wires l9 and 20 having bendable end p s of th appa tus n an nit al sta f apportions l9, 19 and 20 20 respectively, proplication to a strand of hair ready for wrapping jecting at opposite sides of the wrapper, as clearor curling the latter into a roll. ly shown in Fig. 2. The structural features of Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing the wrapper above described are similar to those 55 -soastoholdthewiresfirmlyinplacealongthe edge of said wrappe as shown. I

The exothermic heat pad I! may consist of the usual fiat foil envelope 23 containing a suitable exothermic powder, and having one wall thereof perforated at intervals, as shown in Fig. 4. when ready for application, water is applied to a sheet of cloth or absorbent paper it, and the dampened sheet is then placed over'the perforated side of the exothermic pad. The water,

- passing through the perforations, chemically reacts as usual with the exothermic powder to produce heat.

The auxiliary shield as shown in Fig. 10 is an optional part of the apparatus, and consists of a fiat sheet of fibre or rubber formed with a center slot 20 and communicating slot 21, and

- adapted to be applied beneath the felt pad in next tothe scalp, if desired. Heretofore, shields of this general form have often been applied over the felt pad II, but due to the added advantage of my improved form of metal shield II to be hereinafter more fully described, such fibre or rubber shields can be dispensed'with.

The use and operation of the apparatus above describedmay now be explained as follows:

Each strand of hair II which is to be waved is separated from the surrounding hair and through the slit ll of a felt pad II. The pad I. is then pushed tightly toward the scalp. If an auxiliary shield II is to beused, it is first inserted between the felt pad and the scalp. The strand is then moistened with a suitable permanent wave solution. I

The metal shield II is then'applied to the hair strand, with said strand spread out along the central slot'il' and with said shield pushed against the outer face of the felt pad ll, as shown in Fig. 2. J I e The wrapper II is initially applied to the end I of the strand as shown'in the sameflgure. For

convenience, the shorter sheet II is held Wiper-v tightly against the shield Ii and between the upstanding flanges l6 thereof. as shown-in Fig. 3.

The roll'is now ready for heat treatment by. ap-

, 'plication of an exothermic pad.

" case, it is necessary to hold each roll securely in The operator may, of course, elect whether to proceed at once with the heating process, or wait; until the remaining-strands of hair are similarly rolled "on other wrappers in the same manner, before applying any heat pads. But in either place while the heat pad is being applied. For this purpose, one pair of'the two wire ends projecting from opposite ends of the wrapper are employed, as for instance as shown in Pig. 3,

' wherein the wire ends II and I!" are bent in direction along the adjacent sides of the roll, thus holding the hairand wrapper securely against unwrapping;

After wetting and applying the absorbent sheet 24 to the perforated sideof the exothermic pad,

said pad and sheet are applied over the roll with the wet sheet toward the hair, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The exothermic pad is of such shape and size to fit around the exposed sides of the roll and with its side margins in engagement with the outer face of the metal shield ii between the opposite upstanding flanges l6 thereof, as clearly seen in these figures. The pad is finally secured snugly in this position by means of the second pair of wires 20' and 20 projecting from the ends of the wrapper. These wire ends are bent along the outside surfaces of the exothermic pad closely adjacent the lower margins of the latter, but in each instance preferably extend toward the side opposite to the companion wires i9 and I9", respectively, as clearly indicated in Fig. 5. The heating pad is thus securely held against the metal shield ll so that the latter forms in effect a closed metallic wall for the heating pad, and due to the heat-reflecting surface.

provided by the shield, the heat from said pad is conserved and directed more effectively to the under surface of the roll.

It will be observed further, that the upturned flanges ii of the metal shield serve to confine and hold the side margins of the heating pad in alignment therebetween, so thatthe shield moves bodily with the roll. This feature has especial advantages over prior forms of shields similar to the form shown in Fig. 10, on which the roll often tended to become twisted laterally so that the ends of the roll would project beyond the sides of such shield and the felt pad thereunder,

the shield moves bodily with the roll whenit becomes twisted laterally, as indicated in Fig. 7, thus protecting the scalp from burns or scalds at all times. v

When the heating pads cool off, the outer two wires of each are then bent outwardly or straightened to permit removal of said pad. Theinner pairs of wires are then bent outwardly and the curled strands of hair and theirwrappers are un wound. The shield and felt pads are also removed, and the hair is ready for usual treatment, such as rinsing in water, drying and final arrangement ofthe curls or waves on the head.. It will be understood that the wrappers, pads and shields can be used repeatedly, while new exothermic pads can be supplied for each treat.- ment. The apparatus is therefore extremely economical and simple in construction and operation, and has been rendered safe in unskilled hands as improved by the present invention.

Although I have shown and described certain embodiments of my invention it will be under- I stood that I do not wish to be limited to the exact construction shown and described, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of. my invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: 1. In combination in a hairwaving' apparatus. a protective shield having rigid upturned flanges along opposite sides and a centrally disposed slot for passing a strand of hair therethrough, means for winding said strand into a roll and securing the latter against the face of said shield, a fiexible exothermic pad adapted to extend over said roll.

and means for securing the lateral edges of said pad between the flanges of said shield.

2. In combination in a-hair waving apparatus, a protective metallic shield having rigid upturned strand to be passed into said centrally disposed flanges along opposite sides and a centrally disposed slot for passing a strand of hair therethrough, a wrapper comprising a substantially rigid metallic base striphaving two fabric sheets connected thereto along adjacent edges, said wrapper being designed to wind said strand into a roll about said rigid base strip, a pair of relatively bendable wires extending from opposite ends of said strip for securing the roll against the face of said shield, a flexible exothermic pad adapted to extend over said roll, and a second pair of relatively bendable wires connected to the ends of said strip for securing the lateral edgesof said pad between the flanges of said protective shield.

3. A protective shield for use in a hair .waving apparatus, comprising a plate having rigid upturned flanges along opposite sides thereof, a centrally disposed restricted slot for retaining a strand of hair in flattened-position therein, and a laterally extending connecting slot through one side and flange thereof to permit the strand to be passed into said centrally disposed slot.

4. A protective shield for use in a hair-waving apparatus, comprising a metal plate having a heat-reflecting upper surface and rigid upturned flanges along opposite sides thereof, said plate also having a centrally disposed restricted slot for retaining a strand of hair in flattened position therein, and a laterally extending connecting slot through one side and flange thereof to permit the slot.

5. A wrapper for use in a hair waving apparatus, comprising two fabric sheets connected along with the bendable ends of the wires extending from each end of said basestrip to form a pair of independent holding devices at each end of sald wrapper.

7. A wrapper for use in a hair waving appara-' tus, comprising two fabric sheets connected along adjacent edges to a substantially rigid base strip so as to receive the ends of a relatively flat strand of hair adjacent. said base strip, and bendable wires extending from opposite ends of said base strip so that said sheets and strand may be rolled about said strip and the completed roll may be held in place by bending said wires reversely along the outer sides of the roll.

FRANKG.HAIL.

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