US2160801A - Heating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

May 30, 1939. laA GOERG 2,160,801

HEAMNG APPARATUS Filed Nov. so, 1937 2 sheets-sheet 1 740;, 'ATT RNEY May 30, 1939. B. GOERG HEATING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 50,

1957 2 Sheets-Shea*I 2 INVENTOR e/Vmea 605e@ La AT RNEY 'Patented May 30, 1939 UNITED STATES HEATING APPARATUS Bernard Goerg, Scarsdale, N. Y., assigner, by mesne assignments, to American Radiator &

Standard Sanitary Corporation, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware New York,

Application November 30, 1937. Serial No. 177,207

Claims.

Yl0 claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, to be taken as 'a part of this speciiication, I have fully and clearly illustrated a preferred embodimentoi my iri-- vention, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of heating apparatus constructed in accordance with one preferred embodiment of my invention and including a steam boiler of the domestic type combined witha tubular heat exchanger which forms a part of '20 a`hot tap water heating system and is connected to a hot water storage tank;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional view of the boiler shown in Fig. 1 with the heat exchanger shown as combined therewith, the

25 view being taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary transverse vertical sec-` tional view showing the boiler and heat exchanger, the view being taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Referring now in detail to the construction il- `30 lustrated, it will be observed that I have shown in Fig. 1 a. steam boiler indicated by the reference character I0, a hot water storage tank indicated at II, a tubular heat exchanger I2 arranged transversely of t'he boiler and within the 35 water space thereof, and hot water circulating pipes I3 and yI4 connecting the heat exchanger I2 with the storage tank II.

The boiler III is shown as being of the type which is adapted to supply steam for heating the 40 room spaces of buildings. I5 indicates the steam supply pipe which is adapted to be connected to the usual radiators located in the rooms of the building (not shown), and I6 indicates the return pipe for condensate fromv such radiators. 'I'he 45 storage tank II is of conventional construction and is adapted tol be connected by a pipe I 1 to the usual hot water taps in the room spaces for use by the occupants thereof. The reference character I8 indicates the cold water supply pipe, mfwhich may be connected to any suitable source of water under pressure, for example, the city main. l

. The boiler I0 shown inthe drawings is of the vertical cast iron sectional type and comprises a 55 hollow front section 20, a hollow rear section 2i,

and hollow intermediate sections 22, 22. The sections 2li, 2|, and 22 are arranged vertically and in side-by-side parallel relation and the interior spaces thereof are connected at their lower ends and at each side thereof by aligned nipple connections 25. In Fig. 2 of the drawings, I have only shown the nipple connections 25 which are at the left-hand side of the boiler, as viewed 4in Fig. 1; but it will be readily appreciated that connections of this type are also provided at the right-hand lower side of the boiler. The interior spaces of the sections 20, 2I, and 22 are also connected at the top of the boiler by relatively large aligned nipple connections 26. The connection for the condensate return pipe I6 is indicated at 21 and for the steam supply pipe I5 at 28.

As is welly known, the hollowr interior of the sections 20, 2|, and 22A form the water and steam space for the boiler. The portion of the interior spaces of the several sections normally occupied by boiler water is indicated in` Figs. 2 and 3. From an examination of these views, it will be observed that the normal water (level is indicated as being above the lower edges 29 of the relatively large nipple connections 26 and below the upper edges 30 of these nipple connections. 'I'he purpose of this construction is to provide free communication between both the water spaces and the steam spaces of the several sections at the top of the boiler, as well as free communication between the water spaces of the sections at the bottom of the boiler.

The sections 2|,l and 22 include outer side walls 35 which Yform the outer side walls of the boiler. The boiler I0 is entirely enclosed by the usual sheet metal jacket indicated at 36. The sections 20, 2|, and 22 are also provided with inner wall portions 31 and 38, the wall portions 31 defining a combustion chamber 39, and the inner wall portions 38 dening a reverse flow passage lll for combustion gases. The path or the combustion gases is indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. The end of the passage 40 remote from the combustion chamber 39 is connected to a suitable smoke pipe 4I which serves to conduct the combustion gases to the usual chimney (not shown). Arranged across the lower part of the combustion chamber 39 are suitable grates I3 which serve to support fuel undergoing combustion in the chamber 39, the fuel being fed into the furnace through a suitable opening, extending through the front section 20 and adapted to be closed by the usual door 45.

The rear section 2| is so formed as to provide an elongated and enlarged water space portion which extends transversely across said section from one outer side wall 85 to the opposite outer side wall 35'. The portion 50 oi the water space is advantageously arranged in the upper part of the rear section 2l so that the boiler water therein will be at a relatively high temperature. I have shown the portion 50 as being defined in part by that portion of the inner walls 33 of the rear section ZI which denne the bottom of the rearwardly extending part of the passage 46 for combustion gases. 'I'he opposite outer side walls 35 of the section 2l which deiine the ends of the portion 50 are provided with tapped openings 5I, 5I.

In accordance with the present invention, I have combined with the boiler I0, a hot tap water heating system which includes the storage tank II, the circulating pipes I3 and I4, and the tubular heat exchanger I2 previously referred to. The tubular heat exchanger I2 is shown as being advantageously arranged lengthwise of the elongated and enlarged water space portion 50 of the rear section of the boiler. The tubular heat exchanger I2 is so constructed that it may be readily inserted in the portion 50 through either one of the tapped openings 5I. Two openings 5I are provided so as to provide ilexibility in installation requirements for the boiler and the hot tap water heating system. For example, should it be desired or be necessary to locate one side of the boiler adjacent a cellar wall, the opening 5| at the side of the boiler away from the cellar wall may be used for the heat exchanger, the opening 5I not in use being closed by a suitable plug 53.

The tubular heat exchanger I2 is here shown as comprising a plug portion 5.5 which threadedly engages the side of a selected one of the openings 5I and which is provided with a pair ofwater passages 56 and 5l respectively, which extend longitudinally through the plug, as shown. 'I'he heat exchanger I2 also comprises a plurality of open-ended U-shaped tubes 58, each of which is xed at its opposite ends to the plug in such a manner that its open ends communicate respectively with the inner ends of the passages 56 and 5'I. The tubes 58 are of diierent lengths so that they may be compactly nested, as indicated in Fig. 2. It will be noted that the nest of tubes 58 extends entirely across the space 5U and their exterior surfaces contact the hot boiler water within the portion 50. As the tubes are iixed at their ends to the plug 55, the tubes and plug form a rigid unit which may be inserted and removed through either of the openings 5I; and, when the unit is in place within the boiler, the tubes are supported in/their proper position by the plug 55. The outer ends of the water passages 56 and 5'I are connected respectively to the ends of the hot water circulating pipes I3 and I4, previously described.

In operation, the heat of combustion from the fuel supported by the grate 43 is transmitted through the inner wall portions 31 and 38 of the sections 20, 2|, and 22 to the water within the hollow interior of said sections. As the boiler Water is thus heated to steaming temperature, steam bubbles are formed which travel upwardly through the water spaces of the section and collect in the upper part, or steam space, of each section. As the steam spaces of the several sections are in communication with one another, due to the large nipples 2B, the steam will flow readily from the several sections to the steam supply pipe I5 and to the room Spaces. The heat from the boiler water within the enlarged water space portion 50 of the rear section 2l will also be transmitted through the walls of the tubes 58 to the tap water within the interior thereof. As the tap water within the tubes 58 absorbs heat and is raised in temperature, it will ow through the passage 51 and circulating pipe I4 to the storage tank II; and such Water will be replaced by relatively cold water flowing to the tubes from the bottom of the storage tank and through the circulating pipe I3 and passage 56.

From the above, it will be apparent that I have provided a novel combination of structural features which provide a simple, inexpensive, and eiiicient means for heating the room spaces of buildings and for heating hot tap water. The boiler I0, and tubular heat exchanger I2 are so constructed, that the heat exchanger may be readily inserted lengthwise through either side wall of the boiler. The heat exchanger occupies a space in only one of the sections of the boiler. This space extends entirely across the rear section and is located in the upper part of the boiler where the boiler water is -relatively hot. 0n account of the length and cross-sectional area of the space occupied by the heat exchanger, the latter'may be provided with a relatively large area of heat absorbing surface.

Heretofore, it has been thought necessary in vertical sectional boilers, in order to provide a hot water heat exchanger of relatively large area, for the heat exchanger to extend through several or all of the sections. 'Ihis construction was relatively expensive on account of the required special nipple connections between sections to receive the heat exchanger. This construction was thought necessary because in the conventional prior art steam boiler, there was not suiiicient circulation of boiler water between sections to prevent undue cooling of the water in one section were the heat exchanger located entirely within the one section. Furthermore, there is not suiiicient heat in the water of one section to heat the tap water in a tubular heat exchanger of relatively large heat absorbing area. Were the heat exchanger located in only one section of the prior art boilers, such boilers would be impractical for heating hot tap water during the summer time, as the insufficient circulation between sections would prevent the other sections from losing their heat and the other sections would therefore steam.

The above relatively expensive construction of the prior art is overcome by my invention. As I provide the nipple connections between sections at the bottom` of the boiler and the extra large nipple connections between the water spaces of the several sections at the top of the boiler, which latter nipple connections extend partially below the water line, communication is had at all times between the water spaces of the several sections both at the top of the boiler and at the bottom of the boiler. This construction assures thermosyphonic circulation of water between sections at all times and particularly between the section containing the tubular heat exchanger and the others; and this circulation will result in maintaining an even boiler water temperature in all sections, and will thereby supply adequate amounts of heat to the heat exchanger, although it is. located in only one of the sections.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States isz- 1. In heating apparatus, the combination of a steam boiler comprising front, back, and intermediate hollow cast metal sections arranged transversely of the boiler and in side-by-side relation; the sections having outer side walls providing the boiler side walls and inner wall portions deiining a combustion chamber and a passage for combustion gases; the passage for com'- bustion gases including a'portion extending rearwardly through the upper part of the back section and at points below the normal water line therein; means for communicatively connecting the interior of the sections at the bottom and at the top of the boiler and below the normal water line to provide for thermo-syphonlc circulation of water between sections; the back section being provided with'an elongated and enlarged water space portion extending across the section from one of the outer side walls and defined in part by the inner wall portion thereof which defines the bottom of said rearwardly extending portion of the passage for combustion gases; said one outer wall having an opening therethrough providing communication with one end of said elongated water space portion; and a hot Water supply system including a pair of circulating pipes located exteriorly of the boiler, and a tubular heat exchanger arranged lengthwise within said elongated water space portion and having inlet and outlet water connections extending through said opening and connected respectively to said circulating pipes.

2. A boiler comprising a front end, a back end, and intermediate hollow cast metal sections arranged in vertical side-by-side relation; the sections comprising walls defining interior water spaces and the walls including outer side walls forming the boiler side walls and inner wall portions deiining a combustion chamber and a flue gas passage; said flue gas passage including a portion in the upper part of the boiler and extending lengthwise between the front and rear of the boiler; lnipple means communicatively connecting the water spaces of adjacent sections at the bottom and at the top of the boiler; the nipple means providing the connection at the top of the boiler being arranged below the top of the sections and being so constructed and located that at least the bottom portions thereof are disposed below the normal water line when the boiler is operated as a steam boiler, whereby gravity circulation is had between sections when the boiler is operated as a steam boiler as well as when it is operated as a hot water boiler; the inner wall portions of'one of said end sections and including the part thereof defining the bottom of said portion of the i'lue gas passage, being so constructed as to provide an enlarged and elongated Water space portion extending across said one end section from one of/the outer side walls thereof and in open communication with the remaining water space thereof; said one outer side wall having an opening therethrough providing communication with the end of said elongated water space portion; and a unitary elongated tubular heat-exchanger arranged lengthwise of said elongated space and removable through said opening and including inlet and outlet water connections extending through said opening and secured to said one outer wall.

3. A boiler formed of hollow cast metal sections arranged in vertical side-by-side relation; the sections comprising walls deiining interior water spaces and the Walls including outer side walls forming the boiler side walls and inner wall portions defining a combustion chamber and a ue gas passage; nipple means communicatively connecting the water spaces of adjacent sections at their bottom and at their top; the nipple means providing the connection at the top of the boiler being arranged below the top of the sections and being-so constructed and located that at least the bottom portions thereof are disposed below the normal water line when the ,boiler is operated as a steam boiler, whereby gravity circulation is had between-sections when the boiler is operated as a steam boiler as well as when it is operated` as a hot water boiler; one of said sections being so constructed that the inner wall portions thereof define a relatively large interior water space in open communication with the remaining water space thereof and extending lengthwise across the section from one outer side wall thereof to the opposite outer side wall; each of said outer side walls having an opening therethrough providing direct communication with the adjacent end of said elongated space; a unitary elongated tubular heat-exchanger of a size to permit its insertion and removal through either of said openings and being arranged lengthwise within said elongated space and including inlet and outlet water connections extending through one of said openings; and a removable plug for closing the other of said openings.

4. A boiler formed of hollow cast metal sections arranged in vertical side-by-side relation; each section comprising walls defining therebetween a water space and said walls including outer side walls forming the side walls of the boiler and inner wall portions defining a combustion chamber and a flue gas passage; nipple means communicatively connecting the water spaces of adjacent sections at their bottom and at their top; the nipple means providing the connection at the top of the boiler being arranged below the top of the sections and being so constructed and located that at least the bottom portions thereof are disposed below the normal water line when the boiler is operated as a steam boiler, whereby gravity circulation is had between sections when the boiler is operated as a steam boiler as well as when it is operated as a hot Water boiler; the deiining walls .of one of said sections being so constructed as to provide an elongated and enlarged interior water space therein extending away from one of the outer side walls thereof and across the boiler and being in open communication with the remaining water space of said one section; said one outer side wall having an opening therethrough providing communication with the adjacent end of said elongated space; and a unitary elongated tubular heat-exchanger of a size to permit its insertion and removal through said opening and being arranged lengthwise within said elongated space and including inlet and outlet water connections extending through said opening and secured to said one wall.

5. A boiler comprising front, rear, and intermediate cast metal sections assembled in vertical side-by-side relation; the sections including outer wall portions providing the outer boiler walls and inner wall portions providing a combustion chamber and a flue gas passage extending through the upper parts of said sections; the inner and outer wall portions being spaced to pro- Vide hollow interior spaces containing the boiler water; bottom nipples connecting directly the lower parts of the water spaces o f adjacent sections; a series of aligned relatively large top nipples arranged below the top of the sections and connecting directly the upper parts of adjacent sections and being so located that the lower parts thereof are disposed below the normal water line between sections when the boiler is operating as a steam boiler, whereby gravity circulation of Water is had between sections under all conditions of operation; said rea: section being formed with a relatively large water space portion defined by the outer wall portions thereof which provide the boiler rear wall and oppositely disposed portions of the boiler side Wall, and by a 10 part of the inner wall portions thereof dening the ue gas passage; said rear section being provided with an opening through one of its outer side Wall portions communicating directly with one end of said large water space portion; and a domestic hot water heater of the tubular type arranged within said large water space portion and insertible and removable, as a unit through said opening and including inlet and outlet water connections extending through said opening.

BERNARD GOERG.

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