US2154013A - Perpetual calendar - Google Patents

Description

Aprl 1939- E. SCHILLACI 2,154,013

PERPETUAL CALENDAR Filed Jan. 12, 1937 2 Sheets-Sh eet l &1 2.

V/ l 2// I ///////////////////////77777// INVENTOR ATTORNEYs Aprfl 11, 1939.

E. SCHILLACI 2,154,013

PERPETUAL CALENDAR Filed Jan. 12, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 11, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

The invention relates to a calendar and more especially to a perpetual calendar.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of a calendar of this character, wherein there is involved the Julian and the Gregorian rules of intercalation, excepting a change in the arrangement of centuries in the latter, both being combined so that the calendar for any month of any year, past, present or future, from the beginning of the Christian Era to the end of the fortieth century or longer may be readily and easily discerned with dispatch and accuracy.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a calendar of this character, wherein all the months of any given year and the days of such months are readily and Conveniently ascertained at a glance, the calendar being manually operated and is simple in Construction, thoroughly reliable and effective in operation, assuring accuracy in ascertaining the dates of a month or months in a given year, strong, durable, and inexpensive to manufacture.

With these and other objects in View, the invention consists in the features of Construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose the preferred embodiment of the invention and pointed out in the claims hereunto appended.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a plan View of the calendar constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view on the line 2--2 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan View of the base or bottom section of the calendar.

Figure 4 is a iragmentary plan view of the top or face section of the calendar.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views in the drawings.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the calendar comprises the several parts A and B, respectively, the part A being. in the form of a base section lil functioning as a dial made from any suitable material such as cardboard while the part B is in the form of a disk H and constitutes a dial which is also made from any suitable material such as cardboard. These parts A and B are pivoted together centrally with the disk ll superimposed upon the section m for relative movements with respect to each other.

Thedisk l l is formed with a central hub area l2 from which extend spaced radial spokes !3 5 joining an outer annular rim I 4 for creating therebetween segmental shaped windows or openings !5 concentrically about the hub !2.

Provided on the upper face of the base section lil is a series of siXty-three spaced radially disposed lines i creating by the intersection of spirally disposed lines ll and circular lines !8 the spaces IS between the hub 52 and the rim M and spaces 20 concentrically of and outside of' the rim l l, respectively, of said disk H.

The disk l l at the rim l thereof through radial lines 2! spaced from each other similarly to the lines IE and the intersectng circular line 22 provides thereon inner and outer spaces 23 and 24, respectively, while the hub 52 of this disk has the concentrically arranged circular lines 25, these providing spaces 25 equaling the width of the Windows or openings l5 and the spaces 27 radially align with the spokes !3 of said disk. The spaces !9 have therein the series of numerals in the convolute arrangement or spiral disposition of said spaces, each ranging from 1 to 31 to be indicative numerically of the days of each month and such numerals are visible through the windows or openings !5 in the disk H. Adjacent the outer edge of each window or opening &5 in the spaces 23 on the rim Hi are the legends denoting the names of the days of a week, for example abbreviations, "Sun"; "Mon"; Tue; "Wed; "Thu"; "Fri" and "Sat in the order just given while the name "Sun" is distinguishable preferably by the color red as at r from the other abbreviations of the names of the remaining days of the week. In the spaces 26 at the hub !2 next to the inner edge of each of the windows or openings !5 in said disk H appear the legends denoting the months' of the year and following the respective legends are the digits in the spaces 21 identifying or denoting the number of days of the month corresponding to that particular month preceding said digits, the month legends January and "February" being duplicated and distinguishable from the corresponding named months and their associated digits preferably by being colored red as indicated at r. These distinguished month legends are for use to calendar leap years and since the beginning of certain months coincide with others on the same day in a week of such months as is the case of September and December the legends in the spaces 26 being arranged so that all the months that coincide with others are located together inwardly of the windows or openings !5 common to such location so as to have a proper calendar reading of the days of the weeks in a month visible through the windows or openings !5 it becomes necessary to make reference to the digits appearing in the spaces 21 to ascertain the number of days of that particular month.

In a certain group of the Spaces 24 appear the century digits ranging consecutively from O to 17 inclusive, of the Julian system from the Christian Era to the 17th century and in this instance are preferably colored red as indicated at r and also the digits indicative of the centuries ranging from 17 to 40, inclusive, of the Gregorian system appear in certain of the remaining spaces 24. Those digits in this arrangement indicative of the years of the centuries involving leap years will be colored red as indicated at 7'.

In the innermost spaces 20 are indicated the digits ranging from 0 to 50 indicative of the years of a century and in the outermost spaces 20 on the base section !0 are the digits ranging from 51 to 99 indicative of the years of a century and those digits identifying leap years in a century are distinguishable from the other digits indicatiVe of the years of a century by being colored red as indicated at 7'.

The calendar before described is a combination of the Julian calendar whose date numbers are exactly divisible by four and contain 366 days and the Gregorian calendar that consists of 365 days but every year exactly divisible by four and the centurial years which are exactly divisible by four hundred contain 366 days, the change in the two systems occured in September 2, 1752, a Wednesday when eleven days were taken out of that month therefore, September 3 of that year was called September 14, a Thursday. Therefore, the Julian calendar is iormed dierently only in the centuries, namely, from the centuries 0 to the 17th they follow each consecutive space 24 while in the Gregorian calendar the century digits follow each other successively but skip a space between each other except when the centurial year is divisible by fourhundred as 2000, 2400, etc., then they follow the preceding century. The centuries in red ink ending in 00 are indicative of leap years therein this being true of all the centuries ending n 00 from the beginning of the Christian Era to the year 1700 or all the centuries ending in 00 of the Julian calendar and every fourth century which is divisible by four hundred in the Gregorian or present style calendar.

In the use of the calendar to find a date it is necessary to rotate the disk !i in either direction and cause the placing of the number representative of the particular year involving such date to be sought in the same radial space as the number representative of the century. for example, if it be desired to find say December 8, 1936. the 19th century digits will be brought into radial alignment with the year digits 36 and in. this manner a reading of the 1936 calendar will be had and by inspecting the window or opening !5 common to the legend December there will appear the numeral 8 radially aligned with the week day designation "Tue thus there being discernible the date December 8, 1936. There are seven windows or openings |5 in the disk !I so that a reading of all of the months of a given year may be discerned by following the legends indicative of the names of the respective months of the year and any particular date within the year under the setting of the calendar may be ascertained.

To get a date in the 17th century, the digits denoting 1'7 in red ink are to be used only when the date is on or before September 2, 1752, while the other digits 17 are used only When the date is after September 14, 1752.

What is claimed is:

1. A calendar of the kind described comprising a base having indicia of a plurality of month tables integrated into a single continuous table, a turnable disk forming a dial uppermost to the base and having spaced radially extending openings of a number corresponding to the number of month tables concentrically arranged to the center and entirely about its axis, centurial indicia on the dial concentrically to said axis and outwardly of the openings in said dial, year indicia on the base concentric to the dial and outwardly of the centurial indicia, week day and month identifications associated with said dial and arranged next to said openings, said indicia on the base being exposed through said openings for the calendar of any one and all months of a year, and number of days to a month indicia on the dial in juxtaposition to the month identifications and intermediate with respect to the said opening for cooperation with the indicia exposed therethrough.

2. A calendar of the kind described comprising a base having indicia of a plurality of month tables integrated into a single continuous table, a turnable disk forming a dial uppermost to the base and having spaced radially extending openings of a number corresponding to the number of month tables concentrically arranged to the center and entirely about its axis, centurial indicia on the dial and including the Julian and Gregorian. calendar systems, respectively, concentrically to said axis and outwardly of the openings in said dial, year indicia on the base concentric to the dial and outwardly of the centurial indicia, week day and month identifications associated With said dial and arranged next to said openings, said indicia on the base being exposed through said openings for the calendar of any one and all months of a year, and number of days to a month indicia on the dial in juxtaposition to the month identifications and intermediate with respect to the said opening for cooperation with the indicia exposed therethrough.

3. A calendar of the kind described comprising a base having indicia of a plurality of month tables integrated into a single continuous table, a turnable disk forming a dial uppermost to the base and having spaced radially extending openings of a number corresponding to the number of month tables concentrically arranged to the center and entirely about its axis, centurial indicia on the dial and including the Julian and Gregorian calendar systems, respectively, concentrically to said axis and outwardly of the openings in said dial, year indicia on the base concentric to the dial and outwardly of the centurial indicia, Week day and month identifications associated With said dial and arranged next to said openings, said indicia on the base being exposed through said openings for the calendar of any one and all months of a year, number of days to a month indicia on the dial in juxtaposition to the month identifications and intermediate with respect to the said opening for cooperation with the indicia exposed therethrough, and indicia associated With the centurial and year indicia indicative of leap years.

4. A calendar of the kind described comprising a base having indicia of a plurality of month tables integrated into a single continuous table, a turnable disk forming a dial uppermost to the base and having spaced radially extend'ng openings of a number corresponding to the number of month tables concentrically arranged t`o the center and entirely about its axis, centurial in-,

dicia on the dial and including the Julian and Gregorian calendar systems, respectively, concentrically to said axis and outwardly of the openings in said dial, year indicia on the base concentric to the dial and outwardly of the cencurial indicia, week day and month identifications associated with said dial and arranged next to said openings, said indicia on the base being exposed through said openings for the calendar of any one and all months of a year, number of days to a month indicia on the dial in juxtaposition to the month identifications and intermediate with respect to the said. opening for cooperation with the indicia exposed therethrough, indicia. associated with the centurial and year indicia indicative of leap years, and a connection between the base and said disk for relative movements thereof.

EDWARD SCHILLACI.

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