US2149782A - Magnetizable fluid - Google Patents

Magnetizable fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
US2149782A
US2149782A US2149782DA US2149782A US 2149782 A US2149782 A US 2149782A US 2149782D A US2149782D A US 2149782DA US 2149782 A US2149782 A US 2149782A
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Prior art keywords
fluid
steel
mercury
magnetizable
magnetizable fluid
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
    • H01F1/442—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids the magnetic component being a metal or alloy, e.g. Fe
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C7/00—Alloys based on mercury

Definitions

  • My invention relates generally to magnetizable fluid and particularly to a magnetizable mercury indicating fluid for use in measuring and gauging instruments and in industry wherever a magnetizable fluid may be employed, and an important object of my invention is to provide a fluid of this character which is in a practical and eflicient form and which is relatively stable.
  • the present invention provides a fluid which can be moved, distorted and otherwise modified as to volumetric shape and position by the impressing thereon of magnetic lines of force such as are prevalent in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet or of an electromagnet.
  • the fluid of the present invention may be caused to rise for indicating and measuring purposes in a tube by placing a suitable magnet around or in the tube above or at an upper part of the column of fluid.
  • the magnetizable fluid of the present invention is made up of mercury (quicksilver),
  • the steel dust when thoroughly mixed with the mercury becomes suspended and dispersed therein in such a way that when the magnetic field of a permanent magnet or of an electromagnet is brought to bear on the fluid, the steel particles will in moving toward the magnet carry the mercury along with them.
  • the steel "dust or powder particles must be sufllciently small to remain dispersed in suspension in the mercury and be of a sufliciently high grade of steel to be 1 sufliciently highly magnetically permeable and exhibit a minimum of residual magnetism.
  • powdered graphite is also made an in- 5 gredient of the fluid.
  • the graphite acts to procure and maintain the uniform dispersion and suspension of the steel particles throughout the mercury.
  • the mercury clings to the particles of powdered graphite, and prevents the steel particles from classifying. 5
  • a preferred embodiment of the present inven- 10 tion is composed of:
  • a magnetically responsive fluid of the character described comprising approximately from 2 to 14 percent by volume of steel dust, 3 percent byvolume of powdered graphite, and from 83 to percent by volume of quick- 30 silver.

Description

Patented Mar. 7, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MAGNETIZABLE FLUID Albany, N. Y
No Drawing. Application March 17, 1937,
Serial No. 131,536
4 Claims.
My invention relates generally to magnetizable fluid and particularly to a magnetizable mercury indicating fluid for use in measuring and gauging instruments and in industry wherever a magnetizable fluid may be employed, and an important object of my invention is to provide a fluid of this character which is in a practical and eflicient form and which is relatively stable.
Other important objects of my invention will be apparent from a reading of the following description and example furnished for illustrative purposes.
The present invention provides a fluid which can be moved, distorted and otherwise modified as to volumetric shape and position by the impressing thereon of magnetic lines of force such as are prevalent in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet or of an electromagnet. For instance, the fluid of the present invention may be caused to rise for indicating and measuring purposes in a tube by placing a suitable magnet around or in the tube above or at an upper part of the column of fluid.
The magnetizable fluid of the present invention is made up of mercury (quicksilver),
steel dust or filings or steel powder, and powdered graphite.
The steel dust when thoroughly mixed with the mercury becomes suspended and dispersed therein in such a way that when the magnetic field of a permanent magnet or of an electromagnet is brought to bear on the fluid, the steel particles will in moving toward the magnet carry the mercury along with them. The steel "dust or powder particles must be sufllciently small to remain dispersed in suspension in the mercury and be of a sufliciently high grade of steel to be 1 sufliciently highly magnetically permeable and exhibit a minimum of residual magnetism.
In order to sufficiently lubricate the mercury and steel particles to provide for desired ease of movement of the fluid in its container and to add to the magnetically sensitive character of the fluid, powdered graphite is also made an in- 5 gredient of the fluid.
In addition to exhibiting lubricating properties the graphite acts to procure and maintain the uniform dispersion and suspension of the steel particles throughout the mercury. The mercury clings to the particles of powdered graphite, and prevents the steel particles from classifying. 5
Experiment shows that not more than 14% by volume of steel filings can be suspended by mercury in the present fluid and as little as 2% by volume of steel filings is eflective.
A preferred embodiment of the present inven- 10 tion is composed of:
Per cent by volume Steel dust 14 Powdered graphite 3 15 Mercury (quicksilver) 83 Although I have shown and described herein a preferred embodiment of my invention it is to be definitely understood that I do not desire to limit the application of the invention thereto, and any change or changes may be made in the ingredients and in the manner in which the same are assembled together, within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the subjoined claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A magnetically responsive fluid of the character described, said fluid comprising approximately from 2 to 14 percent by volume of steel dust, 3 percent byvolume of powdered graphite, and from 83 to percent by volume of quick- 30 silver.
2. A magnetically responsive fluid of the character described, said fluid consisting of substan-
US2149782D Magnetizable fluid Expired - Lifetime US2149782A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2500953A (en) * 1948-09-24 1950-03-21 Max L Libman Magnetoresistor
US2744223A (en) * 1950-11-09 1956-05-01 Bailey Meter Co Servo system, including electrical inverter circuit
US2751352A (en) * 1951-08-23 1956-06-19 Shell Dev Magnetic fluids
US2896758A (en) * 1954-09-24 1959-07-28 Eaton Mfg Co Magnetic clutch
DE973130C (en) * 1947-10-31 1959-12-03 Eaton Mfg Co Magnetizable substance made of ferromagnetic particles and their use for the transmission or absorption of mechanical energy
US2983349A (en) * 1957-10-17 1961-05-09 Gen Electric Magnetic clutch
US3289126A (en) * 1963-01-10 1966-11-29 Fifth Dimension Inc Mercury switch employing magnetizable fluid
US5034054A (en) * 1989-07-03 1991-07-23 Ecoflo, Inc. Process for treating mercury in preparation for disposal

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE973130C (en) * 1947-10-31 1959-12-03 Eaton Mfg Co Magnetizable substance made of ferromagnetic particles and their use for the transmission or absorption of mechanical energy
US2500953A (en) * 1948-09-24 1950-03-21 Max L Libman Magnetoresistor
US2744223A (en) * 1950-11-09 1956-05-01 Bailey Meter Co Servo system, including electrical inverter circuit
US2751352A (en) * 1951-08-23 1956-06-19 Shell Dev Magnetic fluids
US2896758A (en) * 1954-09-24 1959-07-28 Eaton Mfg Co Magnetic clutch
US2983349A (en) * 1957-10-17 1961-05-09 Gen Electric Magnetic clutch
US3289126A (en) * 1963-01-10 1966-11-29 Fifth Dimension Inc Mercury switch employing magnetizable fluid
US5034054A (en) * 1989-07-03 1991-07-23 Ecoflo, Inc. Process for treating mercury in preparation for disposal

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