US2145650A - Tuyere - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 31, 1939. G. FOX 2,,M5,65

TUYERE Original Filed Nov, 17, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet l G. FOX

TUYERE Jan. 31, 1939.

Original Filed Nov. 17, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 B ZJM W7 I H G. FOX

TUYERE Jan. 31, 1939.

Original Filed Nov. 17, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fate-med Jan. 31, 1939 Ni'iED STATES.

ATENT orrlcs 2,145,650 TUYERE of Maine Application November 17, 1934, Serial No. 753,429 Renewed April 13, 1937 12 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in tuyres.

More particularly the present invention relates to tuyeres such as are used in blast furnaces.

, Such tuyeres are subjected to very high temperatures. It has been common to cool blast furnace tuyeres by circulating water through an interior chamber of the tuyere. In order to perform efficient service the water should contact intimatel1) ly with the metallic surface of the tuyere and should travel at high velocity. Water is an extremely poor conductor of heat and unless the circulation thereof is good, it is probable that steam is generated by the evaporation of a layer in of water which lies immediately adjacent to the hot wall surface of the tuyere. This steam expands and thereby acquires a larger surface in contact with the cooling water. The heat of the steam is rather slowly absorbed by the water,

causing the steam to be condensed and the temperature of the cooling water to beraised. In certain instances in prior practice the iiow of Water has not been effective in removing bubbles of steam from the wall surfaces, and such bubbles doubtless form a fairly efficient heat insulation between the inner wall surface of the tuyere and the water, thereby exaggerating the required temperature difference to give the required heat transfer.

3!) An object of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled tuyere of simple construction in which the cooling water will be caused to pass at relatively high velocity in a relatively thin stream along the surfaces to be cooled.

35 A further object is to provide a tuyere of simple construction which will expose increased area of cooling surface to the cooling water of the tuyere, particularly in those portions of the tuyere exposed to the most heat.

40 Further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

Referring to the drawings- Figure l is a view partly in section showing one embodiment of the present invention, the sectional part of Figure 1 being taken along the plane indicated by the arrows -1 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, Figure 2 being taken along the plane indicated by the arrows s -2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the plane indicated by the arrows 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a sectional View taken along the 5 plane indicated by the arrows 4-4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a. View similar to Figure 1 but showing a modified construction; and

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figures 1 and 5 but showing a still further modification.

Referring first to the embodiment of the pres- 5 out invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, said embodiment involves a two-part construction including the conical portion H! and the back wall H. According to the illustrated construction, the conical portion I!) and the back 10 wall II are welded or otherwise united to form a rigid unitary construction. The conical portion IQ of the tuyere includes the outer wall 12 and the inner wall l3, which walls are disposed coaxially relative to each other. Said walls 12 15 and 13 are united at the forward end of the tuyere by the nose wall 14. The annular space defined by the outer wall 12, the inner wall 13, the nose wall l4 and the back Wall H constitutes a space for cooling fiuid. The present invention contemplates a construction in which the cooling fluid is caused to enter from the rear end of the tuyere, circulating in a relatively thin stream along one of the conical walls of the tuyere and back along the other conical wall of the tuyre to a discharge opening disposed a material distance from the inlet opening.

According to the structure shown in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, cooling fluid is admitted through the inlet opening IS in the back wall ll of the tuyere and is discharged through the outlet opening IE in said back wall I I spaced a material distance from the inlet opening 15. Communicating with the inlet opening I5 is the inlet pipe H, which discharges into a region intermediate of the length of the tuyere.

Disposed midway between the nose wall I4 and the back wall II is the partition wall l8, preferably disposed in substantially parallel relationship with the back wall II. Said partition wall I8 is an annular member coaxially disposed with respect to the conical inner wall l3 and the conical outer wall 12. Said partition wall 18 may be held in place by means of the two struts l9l9, the positions of which are indicated in dotted lines in Figure 3. Saidpartition wall 18 may also be supported by the inlet pipe ll. Said struts ill-l9 and the inlet pipe ll may be equi-spaced circumferentially with respect to the partition wall 18. As indicated in Figures 1 and 3, the inlet pipe ll extends through the partition wall 18 and discharges into the space between said partition wall 18 and the nose wall M.

The partition wall 18 has an internal diameter materially greater than the external diameter of the adjacent portion of the conical nose wall I3. Supported by the partition wall [8 is the deflecting member, indicated as a whole by the numeral 20. Said deflecting member 20 in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures l to 4, inclusive, may be described as mushroom-shaped, having the conical inner wall 2 I, the conical outer wall 22 and the connecting portion 23. As illustrated, the conical inner wall 2| of the deflecting member 20 is of greater length than the conical outer wall 22 thereof, for a purpose to be referred to presently. The inner wall 2| of the deflecting member 20 is secured to the inner periphery of the annular partition wall l8, leaving an annular channel 24 bounded by the outer periphery of the cone wall l3 and the inner periphery of the conical wall 2| of the deflecting member 20. The outer conical wall 22 of the deflecting member 20 is coaxial with but spaced from the outer cone wall l2. The connecting portion 23, which connects the conical walls Zl and 22 of the deflecting member 20, is spaced from the nose wall l4, whereby a tortuous passageway, which may be indicated in its entirety by the numeral 24, is provided between the rearmost edge of wall 22 and the partition wall E8, the outer cone wall In and the adjacent conical wall 22, the nose wall [4 and the adjacent connecting portion 23 and the inner cone wall I 3 and the adjacent conical wall 2|. Said conical walls 2| and 22 and the connecting portion 23 provide the annular channel 25. It is into this channel 25 that the inlet pipe I! discharges.

As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the nose wall 14 of the tuyere has a plurality of radial barriers extending therefrom, which barriers are equispace'd around the nose portion of the tuyre and are indicated by the numerals 2626. Said barriers 2626 provide between them radially disposed channels 21-21 for the flow of cooling medium. Said barriers 26-46 provide extended surfaces for heat transfer from the metal of the tuyere to the cooling medium in that region of the tuyre. The barriers 2626 comprise corrugations or spaced projections extending inwardly from the nose wall I 4. Said barriers, particularly the arcuate portions thereof disposed at the inner extremities of said barriers 26 adjacent to the walls l and I3, comprise corrugations extending from said walls l0 and I3 and merging with the corrugations extending from the nose wall 14.

The mode of operation of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 is substantially as follows: Water or other cooling medium enters the opening l5, flowing through the pipe I! and discharging into the channel 25 of the deflecting member 20. Said water or other cooling medium ivi'des, passing in two directions in the channel 25, proceeding to the channel 24 above referred to. Said water or other cooling medium is therefore caused to pass in a relatively thin stream along the outer cone wall l2 toward the nose Wall l4. Upon reaching the region of the nose wall M the water or cooling medium passes through the radially disposed passageways 21- 2?, and, continuing along the passage 24, flows in a thin stream along the inner surface of the cone wall l3, discharging into the base portion of the tuyere, that is, the region between the partition wall l8 and the back wall ll, whence said water or other cooling medium passes to the outlet opening l6. Because: of the fact that the inlet opening l and the discharge opening it are located at spaced regions, the waterin cone wall passing through the tuyere will divide into two streams in flowing from the inlet opening to the discharge opening. It will be preferred to have the inlet opening l5 located substantially diametrically opposite to the discharge opening l6, so that the water or other cooling medium will divide itself approximately equally in passing from the inlet to the outlet.

The above described embodiment of the present invention has certain advantages, as follows: It causes all of the water to flow along the outer I2 of the tuyere in the nose region thereof. It also causes all of 'the water to flow along the inner cone wall l3 in the nose region thereof. The water flows along these cone walls in a relatively thin stream and at a velocity substantially higher than the velocity of flow in an ordinary tuyre. These walls are therefore much better cooled than in an ordinary tuyere. In the nose region of the tuyere the water is caused to flow in restricted channels and hence will flow at fairly high velocity. The water contacts with the radial barriers in the nose portion of the tuyre, flowing along the surfaces thereof with a scouring action, so that if bubbles of steam should tend to form at the nose portion of the tuyre, said bubbles will be scoured off efliciently. If preferred the direction of flow between the ports l5 and It may, of course, be reversed.

A somewhat similar construction is illustrated in Figure 5. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5 an annular deflecting member 28 is provided, which, for cheapness of construction, may be hollow. This deflecting member 28 is coaxially disposed with respect to the outer cone wall !2 and the inner cone wall I 3 and is carried by the back wall ll. Said deflecting member is spaced from the outer cone wall [2, the nose wall l4 and the inner cone wall l3. Said back wall II is provided with the inlet opening l5 and the outlet opening l6, which openings are preferably disposed on a diameter of the back wall H.

In the construction illustrated in Figure 5 the water entering through the inlet l5 divides, flowing along the outer cone wall H through the channels provided by the radial barriers 26-26 and back along the inner cone wall I3, discharging through the outlet I6. It will be understood, of course, that if preferred the flow of water may be reversed. The water flows along the walls of the tuyere in a thin stream at relatively high velocity, at the same time flowing circumferentially half way around the tuyere.

The construction illustrated in Figure 6 cmbodies features of construction of the two embodiments above described. According to the construction illustrated in Figure 6, the annular partition wall 28 is provided, which, similar to the construction illustrated in Figure 1, may be supported by the inlet pipe I! and a pair of struts similar to the struts l9-I9 shown in Figure 3. Secured to the partition wall 29 is the deflecting member 30 disposed coaxially with the outer cone wall l2 and the inner cone wall l3 but spaced from said cone walls.

In the operation of the construction shown in Figure 6, cooling water through the inlet pipe I l is directed first to the nose portion of the tuyre, that is, the space between the partition wall 29 and the nose wall l4, flowing first past one of the cone walls and back past the other of the cone walls, eificiently cooling the nose portion of the tuyere, where cooling is most needed. As in the other two embodiments above described, the water, while passing longitudinally with respect to the cone walls l2 and I3, also divides circumferentially.

All of the illustrated embodiments of the present invention have the advantage of causing the cooling medium to flow in a relatively thin stream along the inner and outer cone walls. The efficient cooling effect of this flow of water is supplemented by the extended contact between the cooling water and the barriers 2626 in the nose portion of the tuyere, which minimizes the formation of steam bubbles in those portions of the tuyere where heat units are likely to .accumulate.

Though certain preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, many modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. It is intended to cover all such modiflcations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a tuyere, in combination, an inner cone well, an outer cone wall, a back wall and a nose wail providing an annular cooling jacket, said back wall being provided with an inlet and an outlet for cooling medium, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween parallel passageways between said cone walls, and means within said jacket for directing cooling medium radially of said jacket in parallel through said parallel passageways.

2. In a tuyre, in combination, an inner cone wall, an outer cone wall, a back wall and a nose wall providing an annular cooling jacket, said back wall being provided with an inlet and an outlet for cooling medium, and an annular deflecting member within said jacket for directing cooling medium from said inlet first along one of said cone walls longitudinally of said tuyere and back along the other of said cone walls longitudinally of said tuyere, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween parallel passageways between said cone walls, said annular deflecting member being disposed in position to direct said cooling medium in parallel through said parallel passageways.

3. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall forming an annular cooling jacket, said back wall being provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, an annular deflecting member disposed within said jacket, said deflecting member being spaced from said cone walls and said nose wall, said inlet and said outlet having communication with the annular spaces on the inside and outside of said annular deflecting member, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween parallel passageways between said cone walls, said .annular deflecting member being disposed in position to direct said cooling medium in parallel through said parallel passageways.

4i. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing a cool ng jacket transversely with respect to the axis of said tuyere, an annular partition wall mounted in said jacket, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall, a pair of spaced ports in said back Wall, and means providing communication between one of said ports and the annular space on one side of said deflecting member, the other of said ports having communication with the other side of said deflecting member, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween parallel passageways between said cone walls, said annular deflecting member being disposed in position to direct said cooling medium in parallel through said parallel passageways.

5. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing an annular cooling chamber, an annular partition wall within said chamber, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall in the nose portion of said tuyre, said annular deflecting member comprising a foldedover member having an annular space between the folds thereof, said back wall having a pair of ports, one of which has communication with the annular space between the folds of said deflecting member, said annular space between said folds having communication with the other of said ports.

6. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone Walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing an annular cooling chamber, an annular partition wail within said chamber, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall in the nose portion of said tuyere, said annular deflecting member comprising a foldedover member having an annular space between the folds thereof, said back wall having a pair of ports, one of which has communication with the annular space between the folds of said deflecting member, said annular space between said folds having communication with the other of said ports, said ports being diametrically opposed relative to one another.

7. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing an annular cooling chamber, an annular partition wall within said chamber, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall in the nose portion of said tuyre, said annular deflecting member comprising a folded-over member having an annular space between the folds thereof, said back wall having a pair of ports, one of which has communication with the annular space between the folds of said deflecting member, said annular space between said folds having communication with the other of said ports, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween passageways between said cone walls.

8. In a tuyre, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing an annular cooling chamber, an annular partition wall within said chamber, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall in the nose portion of said tuyere, said annular deflecting member comprising a f olded-over member having an annular space between the folds thereof, said back wall having a pair of ports, one of which has communication with the annular space between the folds of said deflecting member, said annular space between said folds having communication with the other of said ports, said ports being diametrically opposed relative to one another, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween passageways between said cone walls.

9. In a tuyre, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing a cooling chamber, an annular partition wall in said chamber midway of the length thereof, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall, said deflecting member being U-shaped in cross-section whereby to provide an annular space intermediate of the legs of such U-shaped conformation, one of said legs providing a passageway between said annular partition wall and one of said cone walls, a pair of ports in said back wall, and means providing communication from one of said ports through said annular partition wall to the annular space between the legs of said deflecting means, the annular spaces on the two sides of said deflecting means having communication with each other and with said other port.

10. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing a cooling chamber, an annular partition wall in said chamber midway of the length thereof, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall, said deflecting member being U-shaped in cross-section whereby to provide an annular space intermediate of the legs of such U-shaped conformation, one of said legs providing a passageway between said annular partition wall and one of said cone walls, a pair of ports in said back wall, and means providing communication from one of said ports through said annular partition wall to the annular space between the legs of said deflecting means, the annular spaces on the two sides of said deflecting means having communication with each other and with said other port, said ports being diametrically opposite to each other.

11. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing a cooling chamber, an annular partition wall in said chamber midway of the length thereof, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall, said deflecting member being U-shaped in cross-section whereby to provide an annular space intermediate of the legs of such U-shaped conformation, one of said legs providing a passageway between said annular partition wall and one of said cone walls, a pair of ports in said back wall, and means providing communication from one of said ports through said annular partition wall to the annular space between the legs of said deflecting means, the annular spaces on the two sides of said deflecting means having communication with each other and with said other port, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween passageways between said cone walls.

12. In a tuyere, in combination, inner and outer cone walls, a back wall and a nose wall providing a cooling chamber, an annular partition wall in said chamber midway of the length thereof, an annular deflecting member carried by said annular partition wall, said deflecting member being U-shaped in cross-section whereby to provide an annular space intermediate of the legs of such U-shaped conformation, one of said legs providing a passageway between said annular partition wall and one of said cone walls, a pair of ports in said back wall, and means providing communication from one of said ports through said annular partition wall to the annular space between the legs of said deflecting means, the annular spaces on the two sides of said deflecting means having communication with each other and with said other port, said ports being diametrically opposite to each other, said nose wall on the inside surface thereof being provided with a series of barriers providing therebetween passageways between said cone walls.

GORDON FOX.

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