US2139972A - Inverted piston pump - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 13, 1938. C, ROKKJAR 2,139,972

INVERTED PISTON PUMP Filed June 25, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l #4T Chn'lgty tykjar c. ROKKJAR 2,139,972

INVERTED P I STON PUMP Filed June 23, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ow I6 ATTORNEYS Patented` Dec. 13, l1938 UNITED srArEs rArENr orifice l 2.13am mvanrnn rr's'roN PUMP christian maar. sam Woolley, Wash. Appuuon June ze, 1931, semi No. 149,967

. 3 Claims.

My present'invention relates to huid pumps and more particularly to an inverted piston Pump- There are many types of pump constructions, especially forl pumping water, available on the market. These, however, are characterized by either providing pumps that are constructed to operate reciprocating pistons, v'that' operate on1 the centrifugal principle, or pumps that may be generally classed as gear, or rotor, pumps. Each of these requires careful machining and unless they are ofthe more expensive type using Vmultiple units Lthey cannot be depended upon to supply a uniform ilow of liquid. The controllingv factor that makes these pumps expensive in manufacture is the requirement of accurate machine work@ -and the fact that they are normally intended to work against considerable head. In my present invention, however, I am endeavoring to supply 2l) the demand for pumps that will work against only a nominal head and, as a result, I am able to provide a pump having -a short stroke and a moderately large bore. This form of construction lends itself to economical manufacture. It 26 is no longer necessary to have a crank to reciprocate the piston. The valving arrangement A, can be greatly simplified and the'f short stroke permits the use of eccentrics for reciprocating the pistons which in my present design are arranged to rockin the cylinders, due to their slight angular displacement, instead of being con- `nected to a crankshaft by the conventional connecting rod-` or cross head assembly which is required when the piston reciprocates in the l normal manner.

I further provide in my present design a very simple construction wherein the piston assembly, or assemblies, in a multi-cylinder unit is disposed in the lower part of my pump chamber and as the water is drawn through the piston into the chamber it. has at all times a volume of air that is compressed above the water so as `to provide an air dome that will equalize the pressure and maintain a substantially even iiow on the outlet 45 or discharge line.

Other and -more specic objects will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through a pump made after the teachings of my present invention. Y. A j

. 'f Figure -2 is a cross-sectional` view' through one cy1inder'-of.the pump shown in Figure 1, '55 the cutting plane being taken at right angles to that gure.' ,l

. Figure 3 isA a side elevation of my pump Show,-

ing the same as connected to an electric motor.

Figure 4 isf a cross-sectional view cothelinel-lofrlgurel.

(el. ros-1am' w i Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of Figure i.'

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along theline 6--8 of Figure l.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line i--l of Figure l.

Referring to the drawings, throughout which' like reference characters indicate like parts, 8 designates the upper pump chamber which is. adapted to be xedly secured 'as by bolts Il! to the base housing I2. Secured between housing members 8 and I2 is the cylinder unit I. This unit'is entirely separate from members 8 and I2 and may be supplied to accommodate any reasonably desirable number of pistons. vThroughout the present drawings I have shown a threecylinder unit.` It is believed it will be apparent that if only the capacity of a one-cylinder pump is needed, only one such piston assembly would beV l employed. If it is necessary to increase the capacity twoor more cylinders might be used or if desirable therentire housing 8 and I2 might be lengthened to provide any reasonable number of cylinders.

Each cylinderas I6 is provided with relatively short walls and has disposed in the lowerk'portion a plate or disc valve I8. This valve is urged, by spring 20, to cover a plurality of openings as 22 and thus provide the intake valve for my -pump cylinder. Disposed within cylinder I6 is piston proper 2l. This member is provided with a rela-- tively short skirt which is used to seat a exible cup washer 26. This cup may be made of any suitable material, which should necessarily be selected in accordance with the uid to be pumped; for water a leather or composition cup is' probably most desirable. v

To further assure an even ow of water into .the intake`valve chamber I provide that the intake valve itself be placed at the extreme bottom of the cylinderv member I6 and,- as no provision is made to fully exhaust the air from the chamber below bame Il, a certain amount of air will be trapped there whichA will function as an air. dome. This, under certain conditions of use, isvery desirable and with a single cylinder unit it \is necessary that a greater air volume be provided. This in my present arrangement isautomatically` assured' in that, if only one cylinder is used, `there will be a large volumeA below baille M'; and, as each additional cylinder is installed, there will be a corresponding-reduction in the volume of this lower chamber'.` Flx'edly secured to piston 24 is piston rod 28. This rod is'probably best illustratedin Figures 1 and 2. It is belled out at its lower end so as to provide o'ne of the seat members for the cup 26, .it being preferably threaded, or otherwise secured, to the lower piston member 24. l This pisv ton memberif provided with a valve quite similar go to valve I8 in that it has a plate or disc 28, of suitable material, which is adapted to cover openings 30, in member 24, and is urged into its closed position by spring 32.`

The upper end of piston rod 28 is provided with a circular bearing portion 34 in which is disposed a suitable, preferably, fibrous bushing 36.

. operatively engaging bushing 66 is eccentric 88.

This member should be preferably of a rustproof or stainless material such as Monel metal or stainless steel, or somelof the various bronze bearing alloys. The eccentrics arev secured as against rotation on shaft 48 by any suitable means. As at present constructed I prefer to use a Woodruff type of key 4I, in the left hand eccentric as viewed in Figures 1 and '1, and to suitablysecure the other eccentric to this one by some cdnvenient means. In Figure 2 and particularly in Figure 7 I have shown this as accomplished by using dowelV pins as 4Ia. It will be apparent it is believedthat other suitable keying means might be previdedor'the abutting faces of the different ecceitrics might be deformed so that the members would engage in locked rela# tionship.

Inasmuch a's the' pump is designed to operate against low pressures there is no objection to having a relatively large area to piston 24, consequently, the stroke can be. reduced to'a point where eccentric operation is satisfactory.- Shaft 40 is provided with a Journal at one end in bushing 42 and. at its other end, which must take the belt tension, it; is provided with preferably an antifriction bearing capable of carrying in addition to the radial loading a certain amount of thrust loading. 'I'he roller type of bearing shown at 44 has been found to be very satisfactory. This bearing is best supported, as indicated, in aseparate collar 46 which while normally formed in the same casting with housing 6, is spaced therefrom as by the spider. arrangement 48 so that packing can be renewed and adjusted and any leakage that^might pass through packing l and packing gland 5I will be dissipated down the side of vhousing 8 and will not enter the bearing housing which 'must `of necessity be protected as by vlubricant retainers 53 and54. A further advantage of this construction is that packing gland nut 5| is readily reached for adjustment or for `the replacement of packing ll. It is desirable, if a roller bearing is used as is indicatedv inFig'- ure 1, that the bearing be so placed as tol take thrust from the pump cavityasit will be apparent that theLpressure built up within the pump will be applied to the end bushing 56, secured to shaft 48;' when the bearing is so placed it will be properly 'seated by the pump pressure which further tends to seat the various units in a xed relationship with one another.

. In order to effect an easily assembled unit I provide iirst that shaft 40 be threaded or otherwise secured within a bearingl member 66, the outside diameter of which is the body size of the spacer bushing on shaft 48. Bearing I6 is .in

turn Journaled within bushing 42. lIt has been eccentrics and at the same time it expels the short shaft which will pass out through the opening providedcfor packing 50. It will be seen from Figure 1 that the height of'key 4| does not exceed the height of the spacers or bushings 58 that are disposed' upon shaft 40. When the eccentrics are in placeeach surrounded of course by itsl piston yrod 28, bushing 58 is installed, then bearing 44 and nally after the lubricant retaining rings 53 and 54 are screwed in place, y wheel 60 is placed on the shaft and secured thereon as by nut 62. Tightening this nut forces all the bushings and eccentrics against bearing 44.

As an -aid in assembling the unit I provide that the discharge opening. will be at 64 co-axially with -shaft 40 and of a suflicient size so that the shaft bushings can pass therethrough. I'he intake of the pump is provided at 66 where the fluid entering the pump then passes up through the screen 68. It will be understood, it is believed, that any suitable source of motive power might be employed. In Figure 3 I have shownA 1.A In a liquid pump, the combination withvan upper casing, a base, an intermediate partition having an integral annular series of open-top ported cylindersprojecting. on diagonal lines, exterior tie bolts connecting said base and casing and spring-pressed valves` in said cylinders, of a rotary shaft journaled in the casing and a series of stems eccentrically mounted thereon, sad stemseach having a hollow head and a ported f'piston mounted in said head a spring-closed valve for each piston,and said pistons being oscillatable and reciprocable in the cylinders.

2. In-a liquidvpump the combination with a pump casing and its rotary shaft, an .end bearing foi` the shaft in one wall of the casing and outlet Aports adjacent said bearing, a packing nut in an opposite wallfor said shaft, an exterior Ispiderframe rigid with the latter wall and a bearingcollar rigid with the frame, a bearing for the shaft within said collar, and closures for said bearing at the opposite'ends of the collar.

3. Ina liquid pump, the combination with a hollow base having a screened-bottom-intake, an upper casing having a central lateral butlet, an

intermediate partition having an annular seriesv CHRISTIAN ROKKJAR. u

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