US2138868A - Process of lowering the four point - Google Patents
Process of lowering the four point Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2138868A US2138868A US2138868DA US2138868A US 2138868 A US2138868 A US 2138868A US 2138868D A US2138868D A US 2138868DA US 2138868 A US2138868 A US 2138868A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- lubricating oil
- pour point
- point
- waxy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 62
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000412611 Consul Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SUWCDVVTHPJCPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;prop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SUWCDVVTHPJCPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052904 quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/02—Natural products
- C10M159/04—Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
Definitions
- This invention relates to improved lubricating oils and a process of preparing same, and especially to lubricating oils having a. low pour point.
- Lubricating oils and especially lubricating oils 5 containing wax or waxy hydrocarbons in solution tend to have a high pour point.
- lubricating oils containing wax or waxy hydrocarbons the latter compounds have a tendency to precipitate when the oil is cooled, thereby causing the oil to set or gel, and causing the oil to flow sluggishly or not at all.
- Lubricating oils derived from the distillation of so-called Pennsylvania or Mid-Continent crudes belong generally to the waxy class mentioned. I have discovered that by subjecting a waxy petrole'um lubricating oil to ultra-violet light,
- the pour point of the oil is reduced, and this oil may be used alone, or in admixture with other oils, with so excellent results.
- a polymerizabie substance of an olefinicaromatic structure such as styrol, vinyl or propylene naphthalene, etc.
- these materials may be 25 added in the proportions of 10 to of the paraillnic material, and the paraiiinic material and the aromatic or cyclic material both participate in the modification.
- the raw material in the form of a thin film is so subjected to the action of ultra-violet light at a temperature below the boiling point of the material, and up to at least 300 F. in any suitable apparatus.
- a thin film of an oil obtained from a wax bearing Pennsylvania lubricating oil, and having a pour point of from to F. may be exposedfor from 3 to 12 hours to the irradiation of a low vapor pressure mercury quartz lamp having ultra-violet radiations preferably below 2,800 Angstrom units. After such irradiation, the oil has a pour point of as low as 5 F.
- Such oil may be used alone or in admixture in any proportions with other oils.
- the amount of treated oil to be added depends on its potency, and only a small amount need be added to lower the pour point of the untreated oil. For example, a mixture of about 5% of such oil with untreated oil having a normal pour point of 25 F. has a pour pointyof as low as 10 F.
- the following examples illustrate the effects of small amounts of material treated at normal ten:-
- waxy petroleum lubrieating oil or such similar expression I mean a petroleum lubricating oil containing wax or waxy hydrocarbons in solution such as a Pennsylvania grade lubricating oil or a Mid-Continent grade lubricating oil.
- a lubricant consisting of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil having normally a high pour point caused by wax dissolved therein, and an ultra violet irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil in amount and potency suflicient to reduce the said normally high pour point of said first lubricating oil at least 10 F.
- a lubricant consisting of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil having normally a high pour point of at least 15 F. caused by wax dissolved therein, and up to about 5% of an ultra violet irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil of potency suflicient to lower said normally high pour point of said first lubricating oil at least 10 F.
- a process of lowering the normally high pour point of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil, which pour point is caused by wax therein comprising subjecting a waxy petroleum lubricating oil in the form of a thin film to ultra violet irradiation of 2800 Angstrom units and at a temperature below the boiling point of said lubricating oil, and blending a sufficient amount of the irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil with a non-irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil to thereby depress the normally high pour point of said nonirradiated oil at least 10 F.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 6, 1938 PATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF LOWERING THE POUR POINT OF LUBBIOATING OIL Leo Liberthson, New York, N. Y., assignor to L.
Sonneborn Sons, Inc., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application October 2, 1034, Serial No. 746,513
Claims.
This invention relates to improved lubricating oils and a process of preparing same, and especially to lubricating oils having a. low pour point.
v Lubricating oils, and especially lubricating oils 5 containing wax or waxy hydrocarbons in solution tend to have a high pour point. In the case of lubricating oils containing wax or waxy hydrocarbons, the latter compounds have a tendency to precipitate when the oil is cooled, thereby causing the oil to set or gel, and causing the oil to flow sluggishly or not at all. Lubricating oils derived from the distillation of so-called Pennsylvania or Mid-Continent crudes belong generally to the waxy class mentioned. I have discovered that by subjecting a waxy petrole'um lubricating oil to ultra-violet light,
such as from a mercury vapor lamp, the pour point of the oil is reduced, and this oil may be used alone, or in admixture with other oils, with so excellent results.
It is also permissible to add to the abovesubstances a polymerizabie substance of an olefinicaromatic structure, such as styrol, vinyl or propylene naphthalene, etc. These materials may be 25 added in the proportions of 10 to of the paraillnic material, and the paraiiinic material and the aromatic or cyclic material both participate in the modification.
The raw material in the form of a thin film is so subjected to the action of ultra-violet light at a temperature below the boiling point of the material, and up to at least 300 F. in any suitable apparatus. For example, a thin film of an oil obtained from a wax bearing Pennsylvania lubricating oil, and having a pour point of from to F., may be exposedfor from 3 to 12 hours to the irradiation of a low vapor pressure mercury quartz lamp having ultra-violet radiations preferably below 2,800 Angstrom units. After such irradiation, the oil has a pour point of as low as 5 F. Such oil may be used alone or in admixture in any proportions with other oils. The amount of treated oil to be added depends on its potency, and only a small amount need be added to lower the pour point of the untreated oil. For example, a mixture of about 5% of such oil with untreated oil having a normal pour point of 25 F. has a pour pointyof as low as 10 F. The following examples illustrate the effects of small amounts of material treated at normal ten:-
perature upon a Pennsylvania waxy lubricating oil having the following properties:--
Specific gravity.. .3 A. P. I 28.0 Viscosity (Say) at 210 F ..sec 79 5 Flash point 1"-.. 450 Fire point- .3 IL. 515 Pour point F... 30
Color (Lovibond ,5 in. cells) 20 yellow 38 red Upon the addition of 5% of treated oil, the 10 following mixture was obtained:-
Specific gravity at F A. P. I- 28.0 Viscosity (Bay) at 210 1" "sec..- 80 Flash point F... 450 1 Fire point- F.. 515 Pour point 1'... 10
Color (Lovibond A in. cells) 20 yellow 38 red Upon the addition of 5% of oil irradiated at a temperature oi 250400 F. the following mixture was obtained:--
Specific gravity at 60 F A. P. I..- 28.0 Viscosity (Bay) at 210' F sec.. 00 Flash point F... 450 a Fire point- 1''... 515 Pour po I -10 Color (Lovibond in. cells)--. 20 yellow 88 red fin in a state of colloidal suspension. I do not wish however to be limited by this statement of theory, but only by the appended claims.
Where in the specification and claims reference is made to the term waxy petroleum lubrieating oil or such similar expression I mean a petroleum lubricating oil containing wax or waxy hydrocarbons in solution such as a Pennsylvania grade lubricating oil or a Mid-Continent grade lubricating oil.
I claim:
1. A lubricantconsisting of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil having normally a high pour point caused by wax dissolved therein, and a waxy petroleum lubricating oil irradiated with ultra violet rays of wave length predominantly less than 2800 Angstrom units in amount of approximately 5% and potency suflicient to reduce said normally high pour point of said lubricating oil.
2. A lubricant consisting of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil having normally a high pour point caused by wax dissolved therein, and an ultra violet irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil in amount and potency suflicient to reduce the said normally high pour point of said first lubricating oil at least 10 F.
3. A lubricant consisting of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil having normally a high pour point of at least 15 F. caused by wax dissolved therein, and up to about 5% of an ultra violet irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil of potency suflicient to lower said normally high pour point of said first lubricating oil at least 10 F.
4. The process of lowering the normally high CERT JICATE Patent No 2, 158 ,8 68
Itis hereby certified that error pour point of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil which pour point is caused by wax dissolved therein comprising subjecting a waxy petroleum lubricating oil in the form of a thin film to ultra violet irradiation of wave length predominantly less than 2800 Angstrom units and at a temperature below the boiling point of said lubricating oil, and blending approximately 5% of the irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil with a nonirradiated waxy petroleum first lubricating oil.
5. A process of lowering the normally high pour point of a waxy petroleum lubricating oil, which pour point is caused by wax therein comprising subjecting a waxy petroleum lubricating oil in the form of a thin film to ultra violet irradiation of 2800 Angstrom units and at a temperature below the boiling point of said lubricating oil, and blending a sufficient amount of the irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil with a non-irradiated waxy petroleum lubricating oil to thereby depress the normally high pour point of said nonirradiated oil at least 10 F.
LEO LIBERTHSON.
OF CORRECTION. I I
December 6, 1958.
LEO LIBERTHSON appears invthe printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows Page 2, second 1 column,
Erni 10, claim i strike out the word "first"; and that the said Letters Patent should be'read with this correction therein that the Sallie I may conform to the record of the case in Patent Office;
Signed and sealed this 10th day of January, 'A. no 19 9; x
(Sea Henry Van Arsdale? Acting consuls sioner of Patents.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2138868A true US2138868A (en) | 1938-12-06 |
Family
ID=3429817
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US2138868D Expired - Lifetime US2138868A (en) | Process of lowering the four point |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2138868A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2423949A (en) * | 1943-01-30 | 1947-07-15 | Shell Dev | Controlled catalytic photochemical oxidation of organic compounds |
US2987457A (en) * | 1957-11-12 | 1961-06-06 | Robert O Bolt | Process for preparing v. i.-improving agents |
US3014854A (en) * | 1957-01-15 | 1961-12-26 | Sinclair Refining Co | Irradiation of paraffin wax |
US3100185A (en) * | 1959-12-28 | 1963-08-06 | Gulf Research Development Co | Process of improving the wear properties of a mineral and fatty oil lubricant mixture by radiation |
-
0
- US US2138868D patent/US2138868A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2423949A (en) * | 1943-01-30 | 1947-07-15 | Shell Dev | Controlled catalytic photochemical oxidation of organic compounds |
US3014854A (en) * | 1957-01-15 | 1961-12-26 | Sinclair Refining Co | Irradiation of paraffin wax |
US2987457A (en) * | 1957-11-12 | 1961-06-06 | Robert O Bolt | Process for preparing v. i.-improving agents |
US3100185A (en) * | 1959-12-28 | 1963-08-06 | Gulf Research Development Co | Process of improving the wear properties of a mineral and fatty oil lubricant mixture by radiation |
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