US212860A - Improvement in electric lights - Google Patents
Improvement in electric lights Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US212860A US212860A US212860DA US212860A US 212860 A US212860 A US 212860A US 212860D A US212860D A US 212860DA US 212860 A US212860 A US 212860A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pencils
- pencil
- electric
- improvement
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000272168 Laridae Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002468 Fat Body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000658540 Ora Species 0.000 description 2
- 108060007338 SDHAF4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 carium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
- Y10T428/2958—Metal or metal compound in coating
Definitions
- Vper-eil or rod of the substances hereinafter named which will replace the carbon pencil in ordinary use, and which will be less expensive, burn longer in the saine length of peueil, and give a better light.
- Earthy niattcrs such as the oxides of zirconiuln, magnesium, calcium, carium, strontium, silicium, alumini um, ⁇ &c., ora mixture ofthembecome sufficiently good electrical conductors to produce an electric'arc oi' white light when they are prepared in the manner herein described, aud are united either with iron, with nickel, with platinum, or with any ofthe other metals allied to spongy platinum.
- XVe prepare these pencils, which surround metallic conductors, in the following way: We lient to a red-orange heat the hydrated oxides or thc silicates, or a mixtureof tllcse so-called oxides, and after allowing. them to cool we pulverize them, and, if necessary, sift them. After that we kuead them with sticky adherent substances, either organicsuch as sirup, sugar, gum'dextrin u resinous materials, binding substances, or fat bodies, or other similarsubstauces--or inorganicsuch as silicates, alkalies, onychlorides of magnesium, zinc, &c.
- B represents the-pencil in Figs. 1 and 2.
- A represents the conducting-wire.
- electricpeucil which consists of a rod or pencil formed of powdered earthy metter molded or shaped into a conducting-pencil by means cf some combining substance, substantially as and for the purunited by combining substance, substantxally as described.
- Theherein-described electric pencilmhich ⁇ consists of an earthy oxide formed into a con.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Description
ExAMlNEf gus. coMPoslTloNs,
Cross l Reference CDATING on msm '7 4 mqctrio Light.
Patented Mar. 4, 1879.
figure Wx'wms.
UNITED STATES' PATENT OEEICE CYPRIEN M. Tassin DU jMoTAY, 0F PARIS, FRANCE, AND EDWARD STERN,
oF NEW YORK, N. Y.
IMPROVEMENT IN ELEGTRIC LIGHTS.
Speeilieation forming part of Letters Patent No. 212,860, dated March 4, 1879; application tiled December 2, 1878.
Vper-eil or rod of the substances hereinafter named which will replace the carbon pencil in ordinary use, and which will be less expensive, burn longer in the saine length of peueil, and give a better light.
Earthy niattcrssuch as the oxides of zirconiuln, magnesium, calcium, carium, strontium, silicium, alumini um,`&c., ora mixture ofthembecome sufficiently good electrical conductors to produce an electric'arc oi' white light when they are prepared in the manner herein described, aud are united either with iron, with nickel, with platinum, or with any ofthe other metals allied to spongy platinum.
XVe prepare these pencils, which surround metallic conductors, in the following way: We lient to a red-orange heat the hydrated oxides or thc silicates, or a mixtureof tllcse so-called oxides, and after allowing. them to cool we pulverize them, and, if necessary, sift them. After that we kuead them with sticky adherent substances, either organicsuch as sirup, sugar, gum'dextrin u resinous materials, binding substances, or fat bodies, or other similarsubstauces--or inorganicsuch as silicates, alkalies, onychlorides of magnesium, zinc, &c. "ei'orui in this way a plastic paste, which we form or mold around amctallic conductor, either by hand or by mechanical means.- This paste is afterward dried either in the open air, or in a stove, or in a red-hot cruciblc. When it has become porous it furnishes an electric pencil ha vin g the physical properties of carbon pencils. and to be used in the same way.
Our pencil isclearly shown iu the accompanying drawings, in which Figures l and 2 represent views of our pencil for producing thc electric are.
B represents the-pencil in Figs. 1 and 2. A represents the conducting-wire.
This arrangement will maintain an electric arc between separated points iu precisely the saine manner as carbon pencils have prcvi ously donc. j By means of the metallic conductor, which is rapidly volatilized by the heat of the flame, we carry up the electric current without appreciable resistance to the initial point of the arc. If sufficient pressure is used in forming .the pencils the binding or sticky material may be dispensed with.
\Ve do not claim iu this application pencils consisting of powdered carbon attached to a central 'conductor by some cement, our pencils being composed of different material and being,r more advantageous than the carbon pencils heretofore used, from the following facts: Being composed of light-colored substanccsinstead of black, they are better suited for reflecting and giving forth the electric light; secondly, they produce a better light by a less expenditure oi' current; thirdly, they -are much less expensive than the ordinary carbon pencils, which are prepared with great difficulty and are liable to considerable variation in the compounds of which they are composed. 'lhese pencils are readily prepared of uniform quality throughout, and consequent] y the flickering of the light, which is due to thel presence of foreign material in the carbon pen cils, is avoided; and, lastly, our pencils last very much longer than the carbon pencils, which become rapidly disintegrated aud consumed.
One of our pencils will burn three to four times as long as a carbon pencil of the same size, which is a matter of the utmost importance in the practical operation of the electric light, because one of the principal di tlieulties in producing the electric light practically is to adjust properly the ends ot' .the pencils as thcyare consumed, and the. less adjustment which has to he done the more successful is the pencil. b n
What we claim as our invention, and desire t0 secure by Letters Patent, is-
l. rlhe herein-described electricpeucil, which consists of a rod or pencil formed of powdered earthy metter molded or shaped into a conducting-pencil by means cf some combining substance, substantially as and for the purunited by combining substance, substantxally as described.`
3.. Theherein-described electric pencilmhich` consists of an earthy oxide formed into a con.
ducting rod or pencil, and capable of maintaining the electric arc, substantially us described.
'. C. TESSIE DU MOTAY.
E. STERN. Witnesses:
Wn. S. Bmw, E. N. DlcimusoN, Jr.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US212860A true US212860A (en) | 1879-03-04 |
Family
ID=2282266
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US212860D Expired - Lifetime US212860A (en) | Improvement in electric lights |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US212860A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2670299A (en) * | 1941-05-24 | 1954-02-23 | Frokjaer-Jensen Axel | Method of manufacturing a cellular material |
US2722490A (en) * | 1950-07-24 | 1955-11-01 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Germanium elements and methods of preparing same |
US3134691A (en) * | 1960-10-18 | 1964-05-26 | Tesla Np | Heating filament assembly and a method of preparing same |
US20050015646A1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Koichi Okada | Data migration method for disk apparatus |
-
0
- US US212860D patent/US212860A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2670299A (en) * | 1941-05-24 | 1954-02-23 | Frokjaer-Jensen Axel | Method of manufacturing a cellular material |
US2722490A (en) * | 1950-07-24 | 1955-11-01 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Germanium elements and methods of preparing same |
US3134691A (en) * | 1960-10-18 | 1964-05-26 | Tesla Np | Heating filament assembly and a method of preparing same |
US20050015646A1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Koichi Okada | Data migration method for disk apparatus |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US212860A (en) | Improvement in electric lights | |
US219628A (en) | Improvement in electric lights | |
US573558A (en) | Electrical resistance device | |
US498915A (en) | heiminn | |
US1338294A (en) | Electrical-heater resistance element | |
US1074333A (en) | Glower for electrical incandescent lamps. | |
US859891A (en) | Arc-light electrode. | |
US1394187A (en) | Resistor | |
US281285A (en) | Carbon electrode for electric lights | |
US1041262A (en) | Plastic mass for metallic filaments. | |
US305817A (en) | Seph p | |
US1090469A (en) | Process for sharpening the ends of fine wires. | |
US859889A (en) | Arc-light electrode. | |
US650531A (en) | Incandescent lamp. | |
US484553A (en) | Electrode and incandescent electrical conductor | |
US235203A (en) | Julius e | |
US859579A (en) | Arc-light electrode. | |
US582721A (en) | Electrode | |
US859890A (en) | Arc-light electrode. | |
US626460A (en) | Filament for incandescent lamps and process of manufacturing same | |
US1444961A (en) | Arc-lamp electrode | |
US1132523A (en) | Manufacture of incandescent filaments of metallic tungsten or molybdenum for electric incandescent lamps. | |
US1086428A (en) | Manufacture of electric filaments. | |
US527826A (en) | Carbon for electric lights | |
US665378A (en) | Manufacture of self-igniting gas mediums. |