US2125703A - Exhaust manifold - Google Patents

Exhaust manifold Download PDF

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Publication number
US2125703A
US2125703A US126555A US12655537A US2125703A US 2125703 A US2125703 A US 2125703A US 126555 A US126555 A US 126555A US 12655537 A US12655537 A US 12655537A US 2125703 A US2125703 A US 2125703A
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Prior art keywords
shell
sleeve
wall
exhaust manifold
exhaust gases
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Expired - Lifetime
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US126555A
Inventor
John G Williams
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Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
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Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
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Priority to US126555A priority Critical patent/US2125703A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to exhaust manifolds for internal combustion engines.
  • An object of the present invention is to obviate the use of short sections in cast iron manifolds by making provision for expansion. Other objects are to reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the appearance of a manifold of the type described.
  • a further object is the prevention of corrosion of the manifold shell due to condensation of exhaust gases.
  • Steel manifolds especially are attacked by condensed exhaust gases so that in some instances they must be replaced.
  • a feature of the present invention resides in a removable sleeve for protecting the shell.
  • Fig. 1 is a lngitudinal section of a manifold according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross section, as indicated by the arrows 2-2 in Fig. 1.
  • the illustrative embodiment of the invention is designed with particular reference to Diesel engines, but is also applicable to internal combustion engines of other types. It comprises a shell 3, preferably of cast iron, said shell being of cylindrical shape and having an outer wall 4 and an inner wall 5 forming an annular chamher 6 therebetween.
  • the chamber 6 may be supplied with water to protect the operator from burns.
  • the shell has a plurality of radially extending neck portions 1 terminating in flanges B.
  • the flanges are perforated at 9 and thereby adapted to be bolted to the cylinder head of an: engine (not shown) in the usual manner.
  • I provide a steel sleeve Ill, ap-- proximately co-extensive in length with the shell and fitting inwardly projecting flanges II at the ends of the shell. Between the flanges II, the interior of wall 5 is recessed to form an annular air chamber l2 surrounding sleeve ID.
  • the sleeve is held in position with respect to the shell 3 by a steel pin I3.
  • the sleeve It has a series of openings I 4 registering with openings l5 extending from wall 5 to the ends of neck por- 5 tions 1 for the admission of hot exhaust gases to the interior of the sleeve.
  • flanges l6, having bolt holes 11, provide means for attaching either end of the shell to a silencer or pipe extension (not 10 shown) and for closing the other end.
  • the sleeve maintains the Wall 5 out of contact with the exhaust gases and thereby prevents corrosion of the shell. When the sleeve becomes corroded it can be discarded and inexpensively replaced.
  • An exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines comprising an elongated shell, a sleeve in said shell, inwardly extending flanges on said shell for supporting the sleeve, the major portion of the sleeve being in spaced relation to the shell to provide a heat insulating chamber therebetween, said shell having a plurality of laterally extending inlet ports, said sleeve having ports registering with the shell ports to admit hot exhaust gases to the interior of the sleeve, the sleeve being arranged to close said heat insulating chamber from the inlet port.
  • An exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines comprising a shell having integral inner and outer walls defining a water chamber therebetween, a sleeve removably secured to the inner wall, said inner wall being recessed to provide an air chamber between the sleeve and said inner wall.
  • an exhaust manifold having three concentric walls, the outer and intermediate walls being integral and the inner wall being removable, said walls providing an annular air chamber surrounded by an annular water chamber, and a plurality of inlets for admitting exhaust gases to the interior of the removable wall.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Description

Fatented Aug. 2, 1938 EXHAUST MANIFOLD John G. Williams, Franklin, Pa., assignor to Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application February 19, 1937, Serial No. 126,555
3 Claims.
This invention relates to exhaust manifolds for internal combustion engines.
Exhaust manifolds in Diesel and gas engines frequently break due to the difference in expansion between the inner and outer walls. Steel manifolds resist cracking fairly well but are objectionable because of their high manufacturing cost. Cast iron manifolds are relatively inexpensive but are liable to crack under the heat of the exhaust gases if they are made in long sections. The use of cast iron manifolds is frequently carried out by making the manifold in a series of comparatively short sections, which necessitates separate water connections for each section.
An object of the present invention is to obviate the use of short sections in cast iron manifolds by making provision for expansion. Other objects are to reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the appearance of a manifold of the type described.
A further object is the prevention of corrosion of the manifold shell due to condensation of exhaust gases. Steel manifolds especially are attacked by condensed exhaust gases so that in some instances they must be replaced. A feature of the present invention resides in a removable sleeve for protecting the shell.
Other objects of the invention will appear more clearly from the following description.
In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a lngitudinal section of a manifold according to the present invention; and
Fig. 2 is a cross section, as indicated by the arrows 2-2 in Fig. 1.
The illustrative embodiment of the invention is designed with particular reference to Diesel engines, but is also applicable to internal combustion engines of other types. It comprises a shell 3, preferably of cast iron, said shell being of cylindrical shape and having an outer wall 4 and an inner wall 5 forming an annular chamher 6 therebetween. The chamber 6 may be supplied with water to protect the operator from burns. The shell has a plurality of radially extending neck portions 1 terminating in flanges B. The flanges are perforated at 9 and thereby adapted to be bolted to the cylinder head of an: engine (not shown) in the usual manner.
In order to protect the inner annular wall 5 of the shell 3 from the heat and corrosive effects of exhaust gases, I provide a steel sleeve Ill, ap-- proximately co-extensive in length with the shell and fitting inwardly projecting flanges II at the ends of the shell. Between the flanges II, the interior of wall 5 is recessed to form an annular air chamber l2 surrounding sleeve ID. The sleeve is held in position with respect to the shell 3 by a steel pin I3. The sleeve It has a series of openings I 4 registering with openings l5 extending from wall 5 to the ends of neck por- 5 tions 1 for the admission of hot exhaust gases to the interior of the sleeve.
At the ends of shell 3, flanges l6, having bolt holes 11, provide means for attaching either end of the shell to a silencer or pipe extension (not 10 shown) and for closing the other end.
The exhaust gases from the engine pass through openings l4 and I5 to the interior of the sleeve l0 thereby heating the sleeve and causing it to expand. Due to the fact that the sleeve is held at only one point, as by pin I3, it is free to expand and contract independently of the shell 3. The air space l2 surrounding the sleeve acts as a heat insulator for the shell 3. As a result, the temperature variations of the integral walls l and 5 are not sumciently great to crack the shell. 7
The sleeve maintains the Wall 5 out of contact with the exhaust gases and thereby prevents corrosion of the shell. When the sleeve becomes corroded it can be discarded and inexpensively replaced.
What is claimed is:
1. An exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines comprising an elongated shell, a sleeve in said shell, inwardly extending flanges on said shell for supporting the sleeve, the major portion of the sleeve being in spaced relation to the shell to provide a heat insulating chamber therebetween, said shell having a plurality of laterally extending inlet ports, said sleeve having ports registering with the shell ports to admit hot exhaust gases to the interior of the sleeve, the sleeve being arranged to close said heat insulating chamber from the inlet port.
2. An exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines comprising a shell having integral inner and outer walls defining a water chamber therebetween, a sleeve removably secured to the inner wall, said inner wall being recessed to provide an air chamber between the sleeve and said inner wall.
3. In an internal combustion engine, an exhaust manifold having three concentric walls, the outer and intermediate walls being integral and the inner wall being removable, said walls providing an annular air chamber surrounded by an annular water chamber, and a plurality of inlets for admitting exhaust gases to the interior of the removable wall.
JOHN G. WILLIAMS.
US126555A 1937-02-19 1937-02-19 Exhaust manifold Expired - Lifetime US2125703A (en)

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2423602A (en) * 1942-10-13 1947-07-08 Edward C Magdeburger Manifold for internal-combustion engines
US2433416A (en) * 1941-05-07 1947-12-30 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Gas conduit arrangement for internal-combustion turbine plants
US2475552A (en) * 1946-10-07 1949-07-05 John Roehrich Controlled temperature manifold
US2678529A (en) * 1950-01-24 1954-05-18 Alfred J Buchi Exhaust gas manifold for internalcombustion engines
US2858667A (en) * 1954-01-05 1958-11-04 Studebaker Packard Corp Water cooled exhaust manifold
US2866617A (en) * 1953-05-11 1958-12-30 Elliott Co Shielded gas turbine
US3017202A (en) * 1958-03-14 1962-01-16 Swaney Robert Casper Cooled rotary joint having a plurality of concentrically arranged conduits
DE1158758B (en) * 1961-09-30 1963-12-05 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Multi-part exhaust pipe for internal combustion engines
US3169365A (en) * 1961-03-29 1965-02-16 Eaton Mfg Co Apparatus for cooling an exhaust manifold
US3645092A (en) * 1969-04-04 1972-02-29 Toyo Kogyo Co Temperature compensating connection between exhaust purifier and pipe
US4179884A (en) * 1977-08-08 1979-12-25 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Watercooled exhaust manifold and method of making same
DE4207048C1 (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-06-03 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Double wall exhaust pipe for IC engine - has two types of tube sections, with different profiles, with c-profile sections supported on stop edges of inner wall
DE4206249C1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-06-03 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh
EP0717179A1 (en) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-19 Firma J. Eberspächer Air gap insulation exhaust manifold
US5575423A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-11-19 Rockwell International Corporation Tube nozzle having thermal transient reduction
US20080066465A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Francis Andrew Maidens Turbocharger header for an internal combustion engine
US9488081B2 (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-11-08 Caterpillar Inc. Exhaust manifold assembly and system
US10184604B1 (en) * 2015-10-07 2019-01-22 Howard Russell York Equalizer manifold system and method of use
US10670176B2 (en) * 2012-01-25 2020-06-02 S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Manifold and methods of manufacturing same

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2433416A (en) * 1941-05-07 1947-12-30 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Gas conduit arrangement for internal-combustion turbine plants
US2423602A (en) * 1942-10-13 1947-07-08 Edward C Magdeburger Manifold for internal-combustion engines
US2475552A (en) * 1946-10-07 1949-07-05 John Roehrich Controlled temperature manifold
US2678529A (en) * 1950-01-24 1954-05-18 Alfred J Buchi Exhaust gas manifold for internalcombustion engines
US2866617A (en) * 1953-05-11 1958-12-30 Elliott Co Shielded gas turbine
US2858667A (en) * 1954-01-05 1958-11-04 Studebaker Packard Corp Water cooled exhaust manifold
US3017202A (en) * 1958-03-14 1962-01-16 Swaney Robert Casper Cooled rotary joint having a plurality of concentrically arranged conduits
US3169365A (en) * 1961-03-29 1965-02-16 Eaton Mfg Co Apparatus for cooling an exhaust manifold
DE1158758B (en) * 1961-09-30 1963-12-05 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Multi-part exhaust pipe for internal combustion engines
US3645092A (en) * 1969-04-04 1972-02-29 Toyo Kogyo Co Temperature compensating connection between exhaust purifier and pipe
US4179884A (en) * 1977-08-08 1979-12-25 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Watercooled exhaust manifold and method of making same
DE4206249C1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-06-03 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh
US5305603A (en) * 1992-02-28 1994-04-26 Mtu Motoren- Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh Exhaust gas duct for a row of cylinders of an internal combustion engine
DE4207048C1 (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-06-03 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Double wall exhaust pipe for IC engine - has two types of tube sections, with different profiles, with c-profile sections supported on stop edges of inner wall
US5337559A (en) * 1992-03-06 1994-08-16 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Supercharged multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine interior exhaust pipe
US5575423A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-11-19 Rockwell International Corporation Tube nozzle having thermal transient reduction
EP0717179A1 (en) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-19 Firma J. Eberspächer Air gap insulation exhaust manifold
US20080066465A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Francis Andrew Maidens Turbocharger header for an internal combustion engine
US10670176B2 (en) * 2012-01-25 2020-06-02 S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Manifold and methods of manufacturing same
US9488081B2 (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-11-08 Caterpillar Inc. Exhaust manifold assembly and system
US10184604B1 (en) * 2015-10-07 2019-01-22 Howard Russell York Equalizer manifold system and method of use

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