US2118866A - Detector - Google Patents
Detector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2118866A US2118866A US749236A US74923634A US2118866A US 2118866 A US2118866 A US 2118866A US 749236 A US749236 A US 749236A US 74923634 A US74923634 A US 74923634A US 2118866 A US2118866 A US 2118866A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cathode
- circuit
- discharge
- grid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/10—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials
- G01N9/12—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials by observing the depth of immersion of the bodies, e.g. hydrometers
- G01N9/14—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials by observing the depth of immersion of the bodies, e.g. hydrometers the body being built into a container
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F19/00—Fixed transformers or mutual inductances of the signal type
- H01F19/04—Transformers or mutual inductances suitable for handling frequencies considerably beyond the audio range
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
- H03D1/00—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations
- H03D1/14—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations by means of non-linear elements having more than two poles
- H03D1/16—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations by means of non-linear elements having more than two poles of discharge tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/163—Special arrangements for the reduction of the damping of resonant circuits of receivers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/04—Synchronising
- H04N5/08—Separation of synchronising signals from picture signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/04—Synchronising
- H04N5/12—Devices in which the synchronising signals are only operative if a phase difference occurs between synchronising and synchronised scanning devices, e.g. flywheel synchronising
- H04N5/123—Devices in which the synchronising signals are only operative if a phase difference occurs between synchronising and synchronised scanning devices, e.g. flywheel synchronising whereby the synchronisation signal directly commands a frequency generator
Definitions
- the subject matter of the present invention is an improved method and a new arrangement which involves the possibility of removing disadvantages arising in the case of circuit arrangements according to U. S. patent application Serial No. 717,310, Patent No. 2,068,768, dated January 26, 1937.
- Fig. 1 there is shown a fundamental audion connection suitable for television purposes as set forth by the applicant in the patent application Ser. No. 717,310.
- Fig. 2 shows the characteristic of charging and discharging of the working circuits.
- Figs. 3 and 3a show circuit arrangements em- 5 bodying the idea of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a further suitable embodiment.
- l is a push-pull de tector audion tube, the grids 2 and 3 of which should possess the smallest possible operating capacity to earth or the cathode 4 respectively.
- the tube is operated by an amplifier tube 6 through the medium of a push-pull transformer 5.
- the absolute grey value of the particular image point is entered as ordinate in Fig. 2. This value is proportional to the negative charge of the transformer coil 5 or the grid of the detector tube I in Fig. 1. As abscissa there is entered the time or the declination of the image point from the point designated 6, in which the original contour is required to change suddenly from white to black.
- the two discharge time curves 8 and 9 which proceed from a very white image point of the intensity value I 0 and from a merely grey intensity value ll, must obviously reach the same intensity values at different times, i. e., the absolute value black must be reached by the curve 8, i.
- the idea according to the invention is to conduct the discharge according to an exponential curve, but rather quickly for example according to the steeper time curve l2.
- a curve of this nature would be obtained if the discharge resistance 1 had the property of becoming all the smaller the more powerful that the current passing the grid circuit 5 has been.
- the useful effect of an amplitude-dependent resistance of this nature is already apparent in the circuit according to Fig. l 1, consisting in the fact that the charging over the electronic path from 4 to 2 and 3 does not reveal an echo effect of this kind in the image.
- connection system set forth in Fig. 3 which is in- L tended merely as an example of a large number of similar connections embodying the idea. according to the invention.
- a special electronic tube I3 the cathode M of which is connected with the centre of the transformer coil, whilst its anode I5 is connected with the cathode 4 of the audion tube l and earth.
- the discharge output of this tube is so selected that the resulting echo effect in the image corresponds at the most with the width of an image point.
- the emission of M may be made smaller than that of Alternatively, there may also be employed in place of a high-vacuum tube 13 a glow lamp with or without a hot cathode, whereby a suitable working point may be adjusted shortly prior to the ignition by means of an auxiliary potential 16.
- a glow lamp with or without a hot cathode, whereby a suitable working point may be adjusted shortly prior to the ignition by means of an auxiliary potential 16.
- the cathode M according to a feature of the invention, is so constructed that its capacity is as small as possible against earth.
- Fig. 3a there is shown a further exemplary embodiment of the circuit arrangement of Fig. 3, wherein as tube !3 there is used a cold cathode glow discharge tube.
- the electrodes M and 55 are provided together with the audion in the same vacuum container l, and the heating of i4 is effected by the heating means for 4.
- An example of this is the arrangement according to Fig. 4, in which the cathodes and M are heated by a common insulating heating element I! having a filament I8 as thin as possible, and in which preferably also the cathode M together with the control grids 2 and 3 are conducted in direct fashion through the glass bulb through separate leading-in points.
- an arrangement for rectifying and amplifying the imagecontents-currents of very high frequency and of greatest difference in their amplitudes comprising a twin-grid grid-leak detector valve containing at least a hot equi-potential cathode, two control grids and an anode, an electronic discharge device comprising an anode and a hot cathode in the grid circuit of said valve, said discharge device being arranged in one and the same container together with the electrodes of said
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Picture Signal Circuits (AREA)
- Channel Selection Circuits, Automatic Tuning Circuits (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Television Receiver Circuits (AREA)
- Superheterodyne Receivers (AREA)
Description
May 31, 1938- K. SCHLESINGER 2,118,866
DETECTOR Filed Oct. 20, 1934 Patented May 31, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application October 20, 1934, Serial No. 749,236 In Germany October 23, 1933 1 Claim.
As is well known, there arises in the reception of wireless television transmissions the problem of demodulating a carrier oscillation modulated by the image current, and at the same time of eliminating the carrier wave in the anode circuit by the known push-pull circuit.
The subject matter of the present invention is an improved method and a new arrangement which involves the possibility of removing disadvantages arising in the case of circuit arrangements according to U. S. patent application Serial No. 717,310, Patent No. 2,068,768, dated January 26, 1937.
When using these arrangements for the reception of high-quality television transmissions, for example a 240-line image, i. e., with a maximum image-current frequency to be transmitted amounting to 10 periods, it has been found that the sharp change-over in contrast from black to white occurs with sufficient sharpness with suitable dimensioning of the entire earth capacity of the grid circuit and suflicient capability of electron emission on the part of the cathode, but that the change-over in an opposite sense appears all the more blurred the greater the contrast produced between black and white.
In case, for instance, a. white portion of the image has been reproduced, an immediately following black portion cannot be reproduced with the extreme sharp contour and suddenly occurring contrast, as would correspond to the original transmitted from the transmitting end. This effect occurs if the usual, well known grid leak detector connection system is employed.
This invention is intended to overcome this defect and will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which in Fig. 1 there is shown a fundamental audion connection suitable for television purposes as set forth by the applicant in the patent application Ser. No. 717,310.
Fig. 2 shows the characteristic of charging and discharging of the working circuits.
Figs. 3 and 3a show circuit arrangements em- 5 bodying the idea of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a further suitable embodiment.
In particulars in Fig. 1, l is a push-pull de tector audion tube, the grids 2 and 3 of which should possess the smallest possible operating capacity to earth or the cathode 4 respectively. The tube is operated by an amplifier tube 6 through the medium of a push-pull transformer 5.
The applicant has ascertained the above mentioned disadvantages to be founded in the properties of the charging and discharging working circuits. The following is short explanation of the reasons which have led to the present invention and which will be described with reference to Fig. 2.
The absolute grey value of the particular image point is entered as ordinate in Fig. 2. This value is proportional to the negative charge of the transformer coil 5 or the grid of the detector tube I in Fig. 1. As abscissa there is entered the time or the declination of the image point from the point designated 6, in which the original contour is required to change suddenly from white to black. In all detector connections, in which the discharge of the grid circuit is performed by means of an ohmic grid resistance 1, the two discharge time curves 8 and 9, which proceed from a very white image point of the intensity value I 0 and from a merely grey intensity value ll, must obviously reach the same intensity values at different times, i. e., the absolute value black must be reached by the curve 8, i. e., behind merely one grey image point, more quickly than by the curve 9 behind a very white image point. This effect which may be referred to as echo effect occurs, as careful investigations by the applicant have shown in every detector circuit, in which discharging of the grid circuit is produced by means of ohmic resistances the value of which being independent of the size of amplitude of the operating potential.
Now the idea according to the invention is to conduct the discharge according to an exponential curve, but rather quickly for example according to the steeper time curve l2. A curve of this nature would be obtained if the discharge resistance 1 had the property of becoming all the smaller the more powerful that the current passing the grid circuit 5 has been. The useful effect of an amplitude-dependent resistance of this nature is already apparent in the circuit according to Fig. l 1, consisting in the fact that the charging over the electronic path from 4 to 2 and 3 does not reveal an echo effect of this kind in the image.
According, therefore, to the invention, a connection system set forth in Fig. 3, which is in- L tended merely as an example of a large number of similar connections embodying the idea. according to the invention.
For discharge purposes there is employed, for example, a special electronic tube I3, the cathode M of which is connected with the centre of the transformer coil, whilst its anode I5 is connected with the cathode 4 of the audion tube l and earth. The discharge output of this tube is so selected that the resulting echo effect in the image corresponds at the most with the width of an image point. Since the discharge takes place under constant potential, whilst charging occurs through the medium of the tube i upon interruption on the part of the carrier wave, the emission of M may be made smaller than that of Alternatively, there may also be employed in place of a high-vacuum tube 13 a glow lamp with or without a hot cathode, whereby a suitable working point may be adjusted shortly prior to the ignition by means of an auxiliary potential 16. In the case of indirect heating the cathode M, according to a feature of the invention, is so constructed that its capacity is as small as possible against earth. In Fig. 3a there is shown a further exemplary embodiment of the circuit arrangement of Fig. 3, wherein as tube !3 there is used a cold cathode glow discharge tube.
According to an additional feature of the invention, the electrodes M and 55 are provided together with the audion in the same vacuum container l, and the heating of i4 is effected by the heating means for 4. An example of this is the arrangement according to Fig. 4, in which the cathodes and M are heated by a common insulating heating element I! having a filament I8 as thin as possible, and in which preferably also the cathode M together with the control grids 2 and 3 are conducted in direct fashion through the glass bulb through separate leading-in points.
I claim:
In a television receiving system an arrangement for rectifying and amplifying the imagecontents-currents of very high frequency and of greatest difference in their amplitudes comprising a twin-grid grid-leak detector valve containing at least a hot equi-potential cathode, two control grids and an anode, an electronic discharge device comprising an anode and a hot cathode in the grid circuit of said valve, said discharge device being arranged in one and the same container together with the electrodes of said
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE435417X | 1933-03-29 | ||
DE2029640X | 1933-07-19 | ||
DER89049D DE681003C (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1933-10-24 | Audio rectifier circuit for television receivers |
US717310A US2068768A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1934-03-26 | Detector for ultra short waves |
US74701134A | 1934-10-05 | 1934-10-05 | |
US77416A US2097804A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1936-05-01 | Amplitude filter circuit for television receivers |
US80584A US2094678A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1936-05-19 | Detector for ultra short waves |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2118866A true US2118866A (en) | 1938-05-31 |
Family
ID=32512791
Family Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US735600A Expired - Lifetime US2029640A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1934-07-17 | Audion arrangement for short wave television purposes |
US749236A Expired - Lifetime US2118866A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1934-10-20 | Detector |
US16430A Expired - Lifetime US2137354A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1935-04-15 | Receiving connection system for televison receivers |
US77416A Expired - Lifetime US2097804A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1936-05-01 | Amplitude filter circuit for television receivers |
US80584A Expired - Lifetime US2094678A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1936-05-19 | Detector for ultra short waves |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US735600A Expired - Lifetime US2029640A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1934-07-17 | Audion arrangement for short wave television purposes |
Family Applications After (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16430A Expired - Lifetime US2137354A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1935-04-15 | Receiving connection system for televison receivers |
US77416A Expired - Lifetime US2097804A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1936-05-01 | Amplitude filter circuit for television receivers |
US80584A Expired - Lifetime US2094678A (en) | 1933-03-29 | 1936-05-19 | Detector for ultra short waves |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US2029640A (en) |
BE (1) | BE405607A (en) |
DE (1) | DE681003C (en) |
FR (7) | FR770575A (en) |
GB (6) | GB435417A (en) |
NL (2) | NL52223C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2721951A (en) * | 1950-12-29 | 1955-10-25 | Rca Corp | Low reactance electron discharge device |
US2840749A (en) * | 1952-10-17 | 1958-06-24 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electron discharge devices |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2448771A (en) * | 1943-09-23 | 1948-09-07 | Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc | Cathode-ray oscillograph circuit |
RU2470399C1 (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2012-12-20 | Сергей Владимирович Аликов | Transformer |
-
0
- BE BE405607D patent/BE405607A/xx unknown
- NL NL46052D patent/NL46052C/xx active
- NL NL52223D patent/NL52223C/xx active
-
1933
- 1933-10-24 DE DER89049D patent/DE681003C/en not_active Expired
-
1934
- 1934-03-23 FR FR770575D patent/FR770575A/en not_active Expired
- 1934-03-24 GB GB9249/34A patent/GB435417A/en not_active Expired
- 1934-07-17 US US735600A patent/US2029640A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1934-07-17 FR FR45063D patent/FR45063E/en not_active Expired
- 1934-07-19 GB GB21084/34A patent/GB441285A/en not_active Expired
- 1934-10-10 FR FR45442D patent/FR45442E/en not_active Expired
- 1934-10-11 GB GB29093/34A patent/GB447401A/en not_active Expired
- 1934-10-20 FR FR45446D patent/FR45446E/en not_active Expired
- 1934-10-20 US US749236A patent/US2118866A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1934-10-22 GB GB30180/34A patent/GB449316A/en not_active Expired
- 1934-10-22 FR FR45447D patent/FR45447E/en not_active Expired
-
1935
- 1935-02-15 GB GB4856/35A patent/GB452118A/en not_active Expired
- 1935-02-15 FR FR46060D patent/FR46060E/en not_active Expired
- 1935-04-15 US US16430A patent/US2137354A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1935-04-17 FR FR46091D patent/FR46091E/en not_active Expired
- 1935-04-18 GB GB11940/35A patent/GB446707A/en not_active Expired
-
1936
- 1936-05-01 US US77416A patent/US2097804A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1936-05-19 US US80584A patent/US2094678A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2721951A (en) * | 1950-12-29 | 1955-10-25 | Rca Corp | Low reactance electron discharge device |
US2840749A (en) * | 1952-10-17 | 1958-06-24 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electron discharge devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB435417A (en) | 1935-09-20 |
FR46091E (en) | 1936-02-15 |
DE681003C (en) | 1939-09-13 |
FR45063E (en) | 1935-05-29 |
FR45446E (en) | 1935-09-04 |
US2097804A (en) | 1937-11-02 |
NL52223C (en) | |
FR46060E (en) | 1936-02-15 |
BE405607A (en) | |
GB446707A (en) | 1936-05-05 |
US2029640A (en) | 1936-02-04 |
FR770575A (en) | 1934-09-15 |
FR45442E (en) | 1935-09-04 |
US2137354A (en) | 1938-11-22 |
FR45447E (en) | 1935-09-04 |
GB452118A (en) | 1936-08-17 |
US2094678A (en) | 1937-10-05 |
GB441285A (en) | 1936-01-16 |
NL46052C (en) | |
GB447401A (en) | 1936-05-11 |
GB449316A (en) | 1936-06-22 |
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