US2105366A - Process for the manufacture of nondepositing liquid soaps - Google Patents

Description

STAT E PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NON- v DEPOSITING LIQ SOAPS Louis Frledricmwelm Dusseldorf h, the firm Henkcl &

Pope and Hans Umbach, Ge I! .i 'I Simon to (lie. Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Hai'tung, Dusseldorf, Gay

Transparent liquid soaps exhibit more or less the property of separating turbid matter which slowly settles to the bottom. Troublesome and expensive measures are therefore necessary in 5 order to manufacture goodliquid soaps. Such measures consist for example in the use of special fat mixtures, in cooling, filtering and long storage and the like. Even well-cooled liquid soaps after filtration often exhibit, however, the same unpleasant property to a greater or lesser degree. Furthermore, it is lmown that transparent limiid soaps do not, in general, have any favorable action upon the human skin, which in fact with the use of clear liquid soap, even liquid soap which is completely neutral, often becomes rough and cracked Y 'lhe present invention relates to a liquid soap with which the aforesaid disadvantages do not,

liquid soaps. If a liquid soap is-made from the usual fat mixture for liquid soaps, it exhibits turbid matter which settles to the bottom, for

example in the course of three weeks. If, on the contrary, the same liquid soap is mixed according to the present invention, either immediately after or during manufacture, with finely dispersed turbidity agents, the soap thus manufactured 40 does not exhibit any bottom sediment, even after the fat mixture are held in suspension with and by the additional substances.

The manufacture of the new liquid soaps may be carried out in diflgerent ways. For instance, the desired turbidity agents, preferably superfatting agents, may be added to liquid soaps. The turbidity agents may, however, be allowed to being stored for three weeks, but on the contrary the turbidity-producing substances derived from producing substances which are present per se in form in the liquid soap, or may be added to the starting materials employed for the manufacture oi the liquid soaps. If desired, wetting and emulsifying agents may be added to prevent the turbidity agents from settling.

In. many respects, the new liquid soaps possess 0 Drawing. Application February 23, 193%, So-

rial No. 712,656. In

- Bistro]! 8, 1938 advantages over the liquid soaps known heretofore.

which separates out is concealed by the content of turbidity agents. Along storage time is likewise not necessary but on the contrary the soaps are ready for export and sale immediately after their manufacture.

If the turbidity agents consist of superfatting agents, then the new liquid soaps, in regard to their action upon the skin, are in no way inferior to first grade toilet soaps.

As turbidity agents for the liquid soaps superfatting agents are preferably employed, such as for example-wool fat, higher fatty alcohols, i. e. alcohols having eight and more carbon atoms, the higher alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, for example of the glycol, the glycerol, the polyglycol or the polyglycerol, the term higher alkyl ethers denoting those having eight and more carbon atoms, also paraihn wax and the like. Other insoluble organic or inorganic substances may be employed as turbidity agents, as for example wood powder, clay, calcium carbonate and the like. These inorganic turbidity agents are also capable of maintaining in suspension the turbidity agents derived from the mixture.

The term turbidity agent, as employed in the specification and claims, is intended to embrace those substances having the following physical properties: (1) The property of principally reflecting and not absorbing light, (2) the particles making up the substances must be of such dimension that the light is reflected therefrom diffusely. Too small particles. (below the limit of the colloids) and particles that are ,too large (particles of macroscopic size) cannotbe used.

As wetting and emulsifying agents, the known agents may be employed.

Examples present is neutralized and there is a low acid number. A liquid soap is obtained.

(2) To 2500 kilograms of a suitable fat mixture consisting of cocoanut oil, castor oil and olive oil are added 600 kilograms of paraflin wax having a-melting point of C. The melt is then saponified with 1200 kilograms of a 50 per cent. caustic potash solution diluted with- 700 kilograms of water. 700 kilograms of stearic acidare stirred molten into the resulting unsalted-out soap mass, and thereupon the mass is diluted with 8000 kilograms of hot water. Y

(3) To 2500 kilograms of cocoanut oil are added '75 kilograms of Montan wax. The melt is saponified with 1200 kilograms of a 50 per cent. caustic potash solution diluted with 700 kilograms of water. The-resulting un-salted-out soap mass stearic acid and is then diluted with 8500 kilograms of water.

The stearin may be replaced entirely or partly by a wax acid, of thew-Montan series. r

(4)v 500 kilograms of a 25 per cent. liquid soap the fat mixture of which consists of 24 parts of tallow, 12 parts of cocoanut oil and 8 parts of castor oil are mixed with a 10 per cent. solution of calcium chloride until no more lime soap is precipitated. The lime soap is filtered oil and washed. The washed lime soap is introduced into a boiling solution of 20 kilograms'of potash in 500 kilograms of water and is boiled for about one to two hours. The still unconverted quantity of potash, amounting to about 1 to 2 per cent. of a the reaction mass, is then reacted with sufiilcient palm kernel oil fatty acid to give an acid number of 3 to 5, calculated on the soap milk. The quantity of lime soap employed may also be manufactured by the direct method. The calcium carbonate formed in the double decomposition does not settle and also maintains any other turbidity forming matter in suspension.

(5) 94 kilograms of cocoanut oil and 3 kilograms of Montan wax are saponified luke-warm with '56 kilograms of a 47 per cent. caustic potash solutioniSoap A).

Furthermore, 385 kilograms of a 1 per cent. solution of water-soluble cellulose (methyl cellulose), which serves for emulsifying the superiatting agent and the other turbidity producing substances, are mixed with 6.8 kilograms: of a solution of potassium hydroxide. With this mixture 11.1 kilograms of resin and 5.6 kilograms stirring. A non-depositing liquid We claim;-

' 1. In the manufacture of potash liquid soaps which normally involve a filtering or other purifying process, the step of incorporating with said soaps, which contain an inherently present material which imparts a turbidity to said soaps and tends to settle out of said soaps, asubstantial quantity of a superfatting substance comprising a member selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, Montan wax, paraffin wax, wool fat, higher fatty alcohols, and higher alkyl ethers of glycol, glycerol, polyglycol and polyglycerol, said superfatting substance being present in sufiicient quantity to impart a definite turbidity to 'said soap, and preponderating over the turbidity power of any normally sediment-forming material inherently present in said soap.

2. In the manufacture of potash liquid soaps which normally involve a filtering or other purifying process, and which contain "an inherently present material which imparts a turbidity thereto and normally tends to settle out, the process of melting a fat mixture suitable for the manufacture of said liquidsoap, paraflin wax, wool fat and Montan wax, saponifying the mixture with a caustic potash solution and dilutingthe resultant soap with water, said parafiln wax,'wool fat and Montan wax being present in sumcient quantity to impart a definite turbidity to said soap and preponderating over the turbidity power of any normally sediment-forming material inherently present in said soap.

3. The process set forth-in claim 2, together with the further step of mixing the'diluted soap with molten stearin until the free alkali present is neutralized.

4. In the manufacture of potash liquid soaps which normally involve a filtering or other purifying process, and which contain an inherently present materialiwhich imparts a turbidity thereto and normally tends to settle out, the process of melting 'cocoanut oil, castor oil and olive oil with parailin, saponifying said melt with a caustic potash solution, diluting the resultant soap with water, and incorporating with said soap during one of the aforesaid steps of manuiacture, a quantity of stearic acid, said parafiin and stearic acid being present in suflicient quan 'tity to impart a-definite turbidity to said soap and preponderatingover the turbidity power of any normally sediment-forming material inherently present in'said soap.-

5. The process set forth in claim 4, wherein said stearic acid is incorporated with said soap subsequent to saponification thereof.

LOUIS FRIEDRICH WILHELM PAPE. HANS UMBACH.