US2098323A - Gauge for counting typewritten characters - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 9, 1937.

H. L. WADSWORTH GAUGE FOR COUNTING TYPEWRITTEN CHARACTERS Filed May 27', 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l 12 5 5 60, 35 /r1O 2'0 30 40 50 60 70 60 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 a; 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 160 195 210 225 240 255 I 26 40 60 60 100 120 140 160 160 200 220 240 260 260 300 320 340 5\ 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 425 30 60 90 120 150 160 210 240 270 300 330 WWWWQTET 35 70 105 140 175 210 245 260 315 350 365 420 455 490 525 560 595 '20 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 f 210 315 420 WW 735 640 945 1050 WWWW 1575 1660 765 220 330 440 550 660 770 630 990 1100 1210 1320 1430 1540 1650 1760 1670 4 230 345 460 575 690 605 920 1035 1150 1265 1360 1495 1610 1725 1640 1955 240 360 460 600 720 640 960 1060 1200 1320 1440 1560 1660 1600 1920 2040 25 j .250 375 500 625 750 675 1000 1125 1250 1375 1500 1625 1750 1675 2000 2125 WWsTW 760 910 1040 1170 1300 1430 WWWWWW 270 405 540 675 610 945 1060 1215 1350 1465 1620 1755 1690 '2025 2160 2295 260 420 560 700 640 960 1120 1260 1400 1540 1660 1620 1960 2100 2240 2360 290 435 560 725 670 1015 1160 1305 1450 1595 1740 1665 2030 2175 2320 2465 30 300 450 600 750 300 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1600 1950 2100 2250 2400 2550 310 465 620 775 930 1065 1240 1395 1550 1705 1660 2015 2170 2325 WW 320 460 640 600 960 1120 1260 1440 1600 1760 1920 2060 2240 2400 2560 2720 330 495 660 625 990 1155 1320 1465 1650 1615 1960 2145 2310 2475 2640 2605 340 510 660 650 1020 1190 1360 1530 1700 1670 2040 2210 2360 2550 2720 2690 35 350 525 700 675 1050 1225 1400 1575 1750 1925 2100 2275 2450 2625 2600 2975 160 360 540 720 900 1060 1260 1440 1620 1600 1960 2160 2340 2520 2700 2660 T 50 165 370 555 740 925 1110 1295 1460 1665 1650 2035 2220 2405 2590 2775 2960 3145 6 360 570 760 950 1140 1330 1520 1710 1900 2090 2260 2470 2660 2650 3040 3230 j 390 565 760 975 1170 1365 1560 1755 1950 2145 2340 2535 2730 2925 3120 3315 40 200 400 600 600 1000 1200 1400 1600 1600 2000 2200 2400 2600 2600 3000 3200 3400 205 410 615 620 1025 1230 1435 1640 1645 2050 WWW 2670 3075 3260 W 210 420 630 640 1050 1260 1470 1660 1690 2100 2310 2520 2730 2940 3150 3360 3570 I3 215 430 645 660 1075 1290 1505 1720 1935 2150 2365 2560 2795 3010 3225 3440 3655 L 220 440 660 660 1100 1320 1540 1760 1960 2200 2420 2640 2660 3060 3300 3520 3740 4 225 450 675 900 1125 1350 1575 1600 2025 2250 2475 2700 2925 3150 3375 3600 3625 230 460 W920 1150 1360 1610 1640 2070 2300 25%2760 2990 3220 3450 3660 391 0 2 235 470 705 940 1175 1410 1645 1660 2115 2350 2565 2620 3055 3290 3525 3760 3995 4 240 460 720 960 1200 1440 1660 1920 2160 2400 2640 2660 3120 3360 3600 3640 4060 245 490 735 960 1225 1470 1715 19 0 2205 2450 2695 2940 3165 3430 3675 3920 4165 50 a 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500 3750 4000 4250 255 510 765 1020 1275 1530 1765 2040 2295 2550 2605 3060 3315 3570 3625 4060 260 529 760 1040 1300 1560 1620 2060 2340 2600 2660 3120 3360 3640 3900 4160 4420 265 530 795 1060 1325 1590 1655 2120 2365 2650 2915 3160 3445 3710 3975 4240 4505 270 540 810 1060 1350 1620 1690 2160 2430 2700 2970 3240 3510 3780 4050 4320 4590 55 275 550 625 1100 1375 1650 1925 2200 2475 2750 3025 3300 3575 3650 4125 4400 4075 W 640 1120 1400 1660 1960 2240 2520 2600 3060 3360 3640 3920 4200 4460 EH) 265 570 655 1140 1425 1710 1995 2260 2565 2650 3135 3420 3705 3990 4275 4560 4645 290 560 870 1160 1450 1740 2030 2320 2610 2900 3190 3460 3770 4060 4350 4640 4930 295 590 665 1160 1475 1770 2065 2360 2655 2950 3245 3540 3635 4130 4425 4720 5015 60 300 600 f 900 1200 1500 1802 2100 2 00 2 00 3000 3300 3600 3900 4200 4500 4600 5100 I] \i K NVE TOR.

ATTORNEY.

Nov. 9,, 1937.

H. L. WADSWORTH GAUGE FOR COUNTING TYPEWRITTEN CHARACTERS Filed May 27, 19:55 2 Sheet s-Sheet'2 \ArM ATTORNEY.

Patented Nov. 9, 1937 PATENT @FFECE GAUGE FOR COUNTING. TYPEWRITTEN CHARACTERS Harry L. Wadsworth, Los Angeles, Calif- ApplicationMay 2'7, 1935, Serial No. 23,728

2 Claims.

This invention relates to and has for an object the provision of an improved form of gauge of transparent character adapted to be superposed on a. sheet of typewritten manuscript in such a manner that an accurate and rapid totalization of the number of characters on a page of manuscript may be made for the purpose of determining the number of lines and the total space which a given manuscript will require when composed and set up in the same or a different type.

To this end the gauge is preferably formed of a sheet of non-combustible transparent material of rectangular form slightly larger than a sheet of manuscript and is provided with coordinal rulings vertically and horizontally which are preferably spaced apart respectively, to correspond to groups of five lines and groups of five characters, with marginal numerals representing the numbers of the lines on a page and numbers of characters in a line. Horizontal rows and vertical columns of numerals are provided adjacent the coordinal rulings for indicating the total numbers of characters in each line and in any number of lines on a page in multiples of five.

For convenience, I provide on the gauge a supplemental and auxiliary schedule of characters, in numerals arranged in a manner similar to these on the body of the gauge and including character totals for numbers of characters intermediate the multiples of five in a line ire. one,

two, three and four, and for the total number of lines on a page. Thus, the total number of characters on a page may be determined by adding the total ascertained from the main schedule and the total ascertained from the auxiliary schedule.

The gauge is also provided with a marginal ruling vertically formed at the left hand side of the main schedule of characters and adapted to be positioned between the first and second characters in each of the lines, and a horizontal ruling adapted to be positioned just below the top line of characters on a manuscript page.

By reference to characters it must be understood that I mean the actual characters including letters, numerals and punctuation marks together with the spaces between words, the total of all of which will be herein referred to as the total number of characters in a line. Usually typewritten manuscripts are printed in one of three different forms: pica type with pica line spacing, elite type with elite line spacing, and elite type with pica line spacing. Hence, a separate gauge is required for each of the three forms of manuscript copy, the only differences in the several forms consisting of diiferently spaced holiizontal and vertical rulings and character totals per line or lines.

A more detailed understanding of the invention may be had from the drawings hereto appended in which one form of gauge is shown and in which:

Fig. 1 shows a full size gauge partly broken away at the left hand side and omitting the auxiliary schedule of characters and showing a complete main schedule of characters for elite type with pica line spacing;

Fig. 2 is a view of the portion of the gauge omitted from Fig. 1 and showing the auxiliary schedule of characters arranged at the left of the main character schedule;

Fig. 3 is a view of the complete gauge on a reduced scale and with the character schedules omitted but showing the coordinal rulings;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view of a manuscript and a gauge superposed thereon in position for making a count of the characters in a manuscript.

The gauge is preferably made of a non-combustible, flexible and transparent sheet I of material on which I provide a main table 2 and an auxiliary table 3 of character totals, the totals shown in table 2 being arranged by lines in multiples of five only while the totals in table 3 are arranged by lines in multiples of one, two, three and four. Thus, by adding the totals obtained in multiples of live to those obtained in multiples of one, two, three or four, as the case may be, the final total of characters on a page is ascertained, as hereinafter described.

The tables 2 and 3 may be arranged for any given number of lines per page, but in the form shown said tables are arranged to indicate the totals for sixty lines to a page; and said table 2 may vary in the number of characters per line, depending upon which of the type styles is used in a particular case.

Horizontal rulings 4, 4, etc., are provided at regularly spaced distances apart to correspond exactly to the particular line spacing used in a manuscript M, and vertical rulings 5 are provided which are also regularly spaced to correspond to the spaces required for five characters of a particular type used. At the left hand margin of the table 2 I provide a vertical line 6, as a guide, which is spaced to the left from the nearest of the lines 5 to correspond to the space required for four characters, so that said line may be positioned between the first and second characters of each line on the manuscript, as shown in Fig. 4. A horizontal guide line l joins with the upper end of line 6 and is adapted to be positioned immediately below the firstline of characters on a manuscript, as shown in Fig. 4. Preferably, the lines 6 and I are heavier than the lines 4 and 5 for more readily than otherwise posi tioning the gauge in character counting position on a manuscript, and said lines 6 and 1 may be formed in red ink if desirable.

The main table of character totals is formed in horizontal rows or lines 8v and vertical columns 9 with the totals, as hereinbefore mentioned, shown in'multiples of five only. The auxiliary table 3 is arranged with horizontal rows l0 and columns H corresponding and supplementary to the table 2, and having the same number of horiz ontal rows as table 2 but only four vertical columns of totals. The auxiliary table, however, is not arranged in alinement with the rows of total on table 2.

In use, the gauge is positioned over a manuscript sheet or page with the vertical guide line 6 disposed between thefirst and second char acters of each line of typing on the manuscript and the horizontal guide line 1 disposed below the first line of typing thereon, as shown in Fig. 4. Usually the length of the lines in a manuscript is fairly uniform, but any difference in line length may be compensated for by first ascertaining the number of characters in the shortest line of the manuscript and then ascertaining the number of characters in the longest line and averaging the two results as a guide to the count to bemade. For instance, assuming that the shortest line is indicated onthe gauge as 67 characters in length and the longest line is 73 characters in length,'the average, length of line in the manuscript would be .70 characters in length, as indicated by the character scale l2 at the top of the table 2. Hence, if the number of lines of characters on the manuscript were 45 as indicated at the left hand side of the table 2 by the line scale l3 the total number of characters on that page of a manuscript would be found in the 70 column just above the 45 line 4 in table 2 which is ascertained to be "3150, by reference to the table in Fig; 1; In such case'if the number of lines on the manuscript should be 53 the total'characters would be 3710 which total will be found in the table 2 just above line 4 on the fifty-third line of the table and in the 70 column of totals. i

In the above mentioned case, if the average number of characters in a line should be found not to be a multiple of five but an intermediate number between one of the numbered columns of totals and a preceding or succeeding column, the exact total can be ascertained only by first obtaining the total from table 2 in the column 9 which is the next lowest multiple of five shown in the table, and then'by reference to table'3 obtaining the total from the column H indicated by the digit corresponding to tween the nextlowest'multiple of five and the average character count in a line, and obtaining the total shown on the line from which the total was taken in table 2.

Assmning that the average number'of characters in a line of manuscript should be found to be 67, as hereinbefore described, and the number of lines of characters is fifty, the next lowest multiple of five would be 65 and the total number of characters in fifty lines of average character length of sixty five is ascertained in table 2 to be 3250. Then, there being "two characters per line in excess of the multiple sixty-five, by reference to table 3, it will be ascertained tha the difference bethe 2 column shows a total for fifty lines of Thus, by adding the 3250 and the 100 so obtained, the final total is found to be "3350.

It will be understood, of course, that in type composition, the number of characters is the most important factor and in order to predetermine the amount of space required to print a given manuscript it is necessary to first ascertain the space required. Space for given copy of course depends upon the styleof type used and the line spacing. There are but two styles of typewriter type in general use, namely, pica and elite, but pica line spacing is frequently used with elite type. i

The number of characters in a manuscript, regardless of the type style and the line spacing, having been ascertained, the conversion of the manuscript from one to another type style is readily accomplished and a composer is certain of the amount of space required for the subject matter of the manuscript.

Each page of a manuscript is separately measured'for counting the total number of characters thereon and the total is written on the page, and upon completion of the count for all pages a grand total is obtained by adding the subtotals onthe several pages. Due allowance may be made in the count for spaces between paragraphs. For instance, if the gauge indicates fifty lines of characters whereas seven lines of characters have for some reason been omitted the 7 is deducted from50, leaving a balance of 43 which is the actual number of lines and the total for the page would be ascertained by reference to the row of totals on line forty three in the particular vertical column which represents the nearest multiple of five to the average number of characters per line. Similar allowance may be made for double and triple spacing of characters on a manuscript.

Each sheet of manuscript is regarded as a separate unit in type composition as each may have its own characteristics and peculiarities, different spacing, etc. Long hand interlineations may or may not vitally affect the character count; but if too frequent and extensive, allowance may be made therefor, as well as for paragraph indentions and paragraph endings, where the omitted characters in lines are substantial in number and too frequent.

I conceive it to be possible to modify my improved gauge, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1; A gauge for counting typewritten characters comprising: a sheet of transparent material having tabularly arranged totals thereon in horizontal rows spaced to correspond to a predetermined number 'of characters in a line and in vertical columns spaced to correspond to the line spacing of a selected style of type and adapted to be superposed on a sheet of manuscript so that the printed characters on the manuscript to' position the sheet for use, one of said guide lines being spaced to the left of the adjacent vertical column and adapted by reason of the transparency of the sheet to be placed between the first and second characters on each line of manuscript over which the sheet is placed and the other guide line being disposed to be placed below the first line of characters of said manuscript.

2. A gauge for counting typewritten characters comprising: a sheet of transparent material provided with parallel horizontal and vertical rulings spaced apart horizontally to correspond to a predetermined number of character positions of a selected style of type and spaced vertically to correspond to a predetermined number of lines of characters, said horizontal rulings being spaced vertically so as to regularly group character totals arranged in horizontal rows intermediate said horizontal rulings and in vertical columns intermediate said vertical rulings, said gauge being adapted to be superposed on a sheet of manuscript with said rows of totals in registration with the lines of characters on the manuscript and said columns of totals in registration with predetermined character positions in the lines of the manuscript, for indicating the totals of characters at successive points, and marginal rulings at one side and at the top of the gauge for registration with predetermined lines of characters and characters in the lines for positioning the gauge on the manuscript, said marginal rulings being respectively positioned so that when the sheet is placed over manuscript said rulings will lie between the first and second characters of each line of script and beneath the first line of characters, respectively.

HARRY L. WADSWORTH.

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