US2093773A - Method of making hollow valves - Google Patents
Method of making hollow valves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2093773A US2093773A US537829A US53782931A US2093773A US 2093773 A US2093773 A US 2093773A US 537829 A US537829 A US 537829A US 53782931 A US53782931 A US 53782931A US 2093773 A US2093773 A US 2093773A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- valve
- metal
- stem
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/20—Making machine elements valve parts
- B21K1/22—Making machine elements valve parts poppet valves, e.g. for internal-combustion engines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49298—Poppet or I.C. engine valve or valve seat making
- Y10T29/49307—Composite or hollow valve stem or head making
- Y10T29/49309—Composite or hollow valve stem or head making including forging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material
- Y10T29/49812—Temporary protective coating, impregnation, or cast layer
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of makin valves and particularly to a method of making hollow valves for internal combustion engines.
- Figure 1 is a section view of a blank provided with a metallic insert for use in forming'a hollowvalve.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate steps in forming a valve according to this invention.
- FIGS 4, 5 and 6 illustrate steps in forming a valve according to a modified form of this invention.
- Figure 7 is a sectional view of a completed valve.
- a blank I of the shape shown in Figure l is provided.
- the blank I is preferably formed from a suitable valve material such as tungsten steel or chromium steel as by forging or cutting a slug from a piece of rolled stock.
- a recess 2 is drilled into the blank I longitudinally thereof.
- the recess 2 is preferably cylindrical and concentric with the blank I, extending through one end thereof and for a considerable distance within the blank.
- An insert 3 is fitted in the recess 2 or the recess 2 may be filled by pouring a molten metal therein.
- the metal of the insert 3 should have a relatively low melting point compared to the melting point of the metal of blank i.
- Such metals as copper and aluminum and their alloys prove satisfactory when used with the steels set out above.
- the composite blank thus formed is heated to a forging temperature and subsequently worked to form a head 4 and stem 5 thereon. 5 This step may be accomplished by extruding the heated blank through a suitable die. Pressure is applied to one end of the blank so as to spread out the headportion and to extrude the stem portion through the die. In this operation, the 10 metallic insert 3 is drawn into the stem to form a core 6 with a portion I thereof spread out within the head.
- the blank I is worked with its recessed end downwardly so as 15 to form the stem.
- the core 6 extends to the end of the stem and due to its expansion during the hot working process, some of the metal of the core may be forced out of the open end of the valve stem 5 as at 8. Heat is then applied to the 20 valve, preferably directly to the metal core 6 to melt the core metal and permit it to be poured out of the valve, thus leaving the bore 9 in the stem and the recess ID in the head 5.
- the recessed end of the blank I is upright, so that in the working of the blank I, pressure is applied to the recessed end to form it into the head ll while the closed end is-drawn out into the stem l2.
- the metal of the insert 3 30 spreads out in the forging or die pressing operation to form a core l3 and the pressure applied to the blank causes the metal thereof to partially cover the core l3 by forming a flange ll about the core filled aperture I5.
- Sufllcient heat 35 is thereafter applied to the insert and the metal thereof is poured out through the aperture l5 to leave a bore IS in the stemand a recess H in the head of the valve.
- the aperture l5 and thelower end of the bore 40 9 are closed in any appropriate manner as by welding plugs therein, and the valve is finished by suitable forging andmachining operations.
- the complete valve comprises a head I 8' and a stem IS with a bore 20 therein extendinginto 45 the head i8 and there terminating in an enlarged recess 2
- this invention provides an expedient method of making a hollow valve without the necessity of drilling the fin- 50 ished valve and one in which the recess in the head is formed in the working of the valve blank.
- the method of making hollow valves which comprises providing a metal blank having a blind bore extending longitudinally from one end thereof into close proximity to the other end, filling the bore of the blank with a-metal having a melting point substantially below the melting point of the blank metal, working the composite blank thus formed to form a valve head on one end thereof with the insert metal spreadout into the head and a valve stem on the other 'end thereof integrally united with the head, said working operation forcing some 01 the' insert metal out of the opening of the bore to maintain the bore open during the working operation, heating the valve thus formed above the melting point of the insert metal, removing the molten metal and plugging the opening to the cavity in the valve.
- the method 01' making hollow valves which comprises providing a recessed metal blank with the recess extending from one end of the blank into close proximity to the other end, filling the stantially below the melting point of the blank metal, forging the composite metal blank thus formed to provide an enlarged head thereon and an elongated stem with the insert metal spread out into the head and down the stem, said forging operation effecting the extrusion oi some of the insert metaltrom the recess to maintain the mouth 01' the recess open, removing the insert metal through said opening to provide a valve having an enlarged cavity in the head and a communicating cavity extending down the stem and subsequently welding a plug into the opening for sealing the cavities in the valve.
- the method of making a hollow valve which comprises introducing a metal filler material into the recess of a recessed metal blank, simultaneously upsetting one end of the blank and drawing the opposite end of the blank to form the blank into a valve having a head and stem, said upsetting operation causing the insert metal to spread out into the head and be partially extruded from the recess, removing the insert metal from the valve to leave the valve having a continuous cavity in the head and stem thereof and plugging the opening to said cavity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
METHOD OF MAKING HOLLOW VALVES Filed May 16, 1951 Patented Sept. 21, 1937 METHOD OF MAKING HOLLOW VALVES Archie r. Colwcll, Cleveland, Ohio, minor to Thompson Products, Incorporated, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application May 16, 1931, Serial No. 537,829
3 Claims. (01. 29-156.?)
This invention relates to a method of makin valves and particularly to a method of making hollow valves for internal combustion engines. I
Hollow stem valves, filled with a cooling medium such as salt have of late years come into use for high compression internal combustion engines. The cost of making such valves, however. has heretofore been very high and consequently their use has been limited to expensive installations where extreme operating conditions require the best regardless of cost.
It is an object of this invention to provide a method of making hollow stem valves at a reasonable cost.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of making hollow stem valves which eliminates the step of drilling the valve stem.
It is a particular object of this invention to provide a method of making hollow stem, hollow headed valves which eliminates the costly operations of drilling or reaming the valve head.
These and other objects of this invention will be apparent from the following description and appended claims.
This invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the accompanying drawing and hereinafter more fully described.
On the drawing:
Figure 1 is a section view of a blank provided with a metallic insert for use in forming'a hollowvalve.
Figures 2 and 3 illustrate steps in forming a valve according to this invention.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate steps in forming a valve according to a modified form of this invention.
Figure 7 is a sectional view of a completed valve.
In carrying out this invention, a blank I of the shape shown in Figure l is provided. The blank I is preferably formed from a suitable valve material such as tungsten steel or chromium steel as by forging or cutting a slug from a piece of rolled stock. A recess 2 is drilled into the blank I longitudinally thereof. The recess 2 is preferably cylindrical and concentric with the blank I, extending through one end thereof and for a considerable distance within the blank.
An insert 3 is fitted in the recess 2 or the recess 2 may be filled by pouring a molten metal therein. In either case, the metal of the insert 3 should have a relatively low melting point compared to the melting point of the metal of blank i. Such metals as copper and aluminum and their alloys prove satisfactory when used with the steels set out above.
g The composite blank thus formed is heated to a forging temperature and subsequently worked to form a head 4 and stem 5 thereon. 5 This step may be accomplished by extruding the heated blank through a suitable die. Pressure is applied to one end of the blank so as to spread out the headportion and to extrude the stem portion through the die. In this operation, the 10 metallic insert 3 is drawn into the stem to form a core 6 with a portion I thereof spread out within the head.
As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the blank I is worked with its recessed end downwardly so as 15 to form the stem. The core 6 extends to the end of the stem and due to its expansion during the hot working process, some of the metal of the core may be forced out of the open end of the valve stem 5 as at 8. Heat is then applied to the 20 valve, preferably directly to the metal core 6 to melt the core metal and permit it to be poured out of the valve, thus leaving the bore 9 in the stem and the recess ID in the head 5.
In the modified form of the invention shown in 25 Figures 4, 5 and 6 the recessed end of the blank I is upright, so that in the working of the blank I, pressure is applied to the recessed end to form it into the head ll while the closed end is-drawn out into the stem l2. The metal of the insert 3 30 spreads out in the forging or die pressing operation to form a core l3 and the pressure applied to the blank causes the metal thereof to partially cover the core l3 by forming a flange ll about the core filled aperture I5. Sufllcient heat 35 is thereafter applied to the insert and the metal thereof is poured out through the aperture l5 to leave a bore IS in the stemand a recess H in the head of the valve.
The aperture l5 and thelower end of the bore 40 9 are closed in any appropriate manner as by welding plugs therein, and the valve is finished by suitable forging andmachining operations.
The complete valve comprises a head I 8' and a stem IS with a bore 20 therein extendinginto 45 the head i8 and there terminating in an enlarged recess 2|.
It will thus be seen that this invention provides an expedient method of making a hollow valve without the necessity of drilling the fin- 50 ished valve and one in which the recess in the head is formed in the working of the valve blank.
Many changes may be made in the steps of the process and arrangement thereof and-I do not wish to be limited otherwise than is necessary by 55 the prior art and the scope of the appended claims.
I claim as my invention:
1. The method of making hollow valves which comprises providing a metal blank having a blind bore extending longitudinally from one end thereof into close proximity to the other end, filling the bore of the blank with a-metal having a melting point substantially below the melting point of the blank metal, working the composite blank thus formed to form a valve head on one end thereof with the insert metal spreadout into the head and a valve stem on the other 'end thereof integrally united with the head, said working operation forcing some 01 the' insert metal out of the opening of the bore to maintain the bore open during the working operation, heating the valve thus formed above the melting point of the insert metal, removing the molten metal and plugging the opening to the cavity in the valve.
2. The method 01' making hollow valves which comprises providing a recessed metal blank with the recess extending from one end of the blank into close proximity to the other end, filling the stantially below the melting point of the blank metal, forging the composite metal blank thus formed to provide an enlarged head thereon and an elongated stem with the insert metal spread out into the head and down the stem, said forging operation effecting the extrusion oi some of the insert metaltrom the recess to maintain the mouth 01' the recess open, removing the insert metal through said opening to provide a valve having an enlarged cavity in the head and a communicating cavity extending down the stem and subsequently welding a plug into the opening for sealing the cavities in the valve.
3. The method of making a hollow valve which comprises introducing a metal filler material into the recess of a recessed metal blank, simultaneously upsetting one end of the blank and drawing the opposite end of the blank to form the blank into a valve having a head and stem, said upsetting operation causing the insert metal to spread out into the head and be partially extruded from the recess, removing the insert metal from the valve to leave the valve having a continuous cavity in the head and stem thereof and plugging the opening to said cavity.
, ARCHIE T. COLWEIL.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US537829A US2093773A (en) | 1931-05-16 | 1931-05-16 | Method of making hollow valves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US537829A US2093773A (en) | 1931-05-16 | 1931-05-16 | Method of making hollow valves |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2093773A true US2093773A (en) | 1937-09-21 |
Family
ID=24144278
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US537829A Expired - Lifetime US2093773A (en) | 1931-05-16 | 1931-05-16 | Method of making hollow valves |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2093773A (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2452636A (en) * | 1944-09-02 | 1948-11-02 | Thompson Prod Inc | Method of making hollow valves |
US2628417A (en) * | 1949-01-31 | 1953-02-17 | Saint Gobain | Method of preparing perforate bodies |
US2731708A (en) * | 1952-10-31 | 1956-01-24 | Teves Kg Alfred | Process for manufacture of hollow poppet valves especially for internal-combustion engines |
DE1027488B (en) * | 1952-10-31 | 1958-04-03 | Teves Kg Alfred | Method of manufacturing hollow poppet valves for internal combustion engines |
US3205692A (en) * | 1963-11-06 | 1965-09-14 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of producing hollow extruded products |
JPS62179835A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1987-08-07 | Fuji Valve Kk | Manufacture of lightweight engine valve |
JPS62179833A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1987-08-07 | Fuji Valve Kk | Manufacture of hollow engine valve |
US5056219A (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-10-15 | Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing hollow engine valve |
EP2325446A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2011-05-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing umbrella portion of hollow engine valve, and hollow engine valve |
-
1931
- 1931-05-16 US US537829A patent/US2093773A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2452636A (en) * | 1944-09-02 | 1948-11-02 | Thompson Prod Inc | Method of making hollow valves |
US2628417A (en) * | 1949-01-31 | 1953-02-17 | Saint Gobain | Method of preparing perforate bodies |
US2731708A (en) * | 1952-10-31 | 1956-01-24 | Teves Kg Alfred | Process for manufacture of hollow poppet valves especially for internal-combustion engines |
DE1027488B (en) * | 1952-10-31 | 1958-04-03 | Teves Kg Alfred | Method of manufacturing hollow poppet valves for internal combustion engines |
US3205692A (en) * | 1963-11-06 | 1965-09-14 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of producing hollow extruded products |
JPH0465732B2 (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1992-10-21 | Fuji Valve | |
JPS62179833A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1987-08-07 | Fuji Valve Kk | Manufacture of hollow engine valve |
JPS62179835A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1987-08-07 | Fuji Valve Kk | Manufacture of lightweight engine valve |
JPH0465734B2 (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1992-10-21 | Fuji Valve | |
US5056219A (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-10-15 | Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing hollow engine valve |
EP2325446A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2011-05-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing umbrella portion of hollow engine valve, and hollow engine valve |
US20110174259A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-07-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method for production of valve head portion of hollow engine valve and hollow engine valve |
US8522434B2 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2013-09-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method for production of valve head portion of hollow engine valve and hollow engine valve |
US20130313463A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2013-11-28 | Yoshimura Company | Method for Production of Valve Head Portion of Hollow Engine Valve and Hollow Engine Valve |
US9194263B2 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2015-11-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method for production of valve head portion of hollow engine valve and hollow engine valve |
US9447711B2 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2016-09-20 | Fuji Hollow Valve Inc. | Method for production of valve head portion of hollow engine valve and hollow engine valve |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5056219A (en) | Method of manufacturing hollow engine valve | |
US2093773A (en) | Method of making hollow valves | |
US1984751A (en) | Method of making hollow valves | |
US2093774A (en) | Method of making valves | |
US2093771A (en) | Method of making copper cooled valves | |
US2111695A (en) | Method of making pipe fittings | |
US2024285A (en) | Method of making pistons | |
US1826549A (en) | Process of making composite valves | |
US2731708A (en) | Process for manufacture of hollow poppet valves especially for internal-combustion engines | |
US2093775A (en) | Method of making valves | |
US1984728A (en) | Method of making hollow head valves | |
US2093776A (en) | Method of making valves | |
US4575343A (en) | Bimetal electrode and method of making same | |
US1948242A (en) | Method of and means for pressing metal articles | |
US2147243A (en) | Method of producing integral wrought valve bodies and the resulting valve bodies | |
US2359477A (en) | Method of making hollow head valves | |
US2170853A (en) | Method of making pipe fittings | |
US1980716A (en) | Method of making inlaid metal valves | |
US2002641A (en) | Two material extruded valve and method of making the same | |
GB2538239A (en) | Method for producing a poppet valve, in particular a hollow head valve | |
US1373726A (en) | Method of and die for producing forgings | |
US1936598A (en) | Method of making pistons | |
US4606730A (en) | Bimetal electrodes for spark plugs or the like and method of making same | |
US2036182A (en) | Extrusion method | |
US2948052A (en) | Method of manufacturing hollow poppet valves for internal combustion engines |