US2075278A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

March 30, 1937. R HAGEMAN I 2,075,278

BURNER Filed Dec. 31, 1954 I N VENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

Patented Mar. 30, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Johnson Gas Appliance Company,

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, a corporation of Iowa Application December 31, 1934, Serial No. 759,885

1 Claim.

This invention relates to burners and has particular relation to a burner head and control mechanisms for such burners. I

In providing gas burners for house heating and the like, it is becoming increasingly important that the burners themselves be extremely simple and sturdy in construction and that they be provided with dependable safety control systems for preventing the escape of unburned gas from the burner when it is ignited.

The devices known to the art are not entirely satisfactory in meeting the requirements and it is accordingly a general object of my invention to provide an improved burner and control systems for such a burner.

A more specific object of my invention is to provide a highly efficient burner head which does not require a primary air supply.

. Another object of my invention is to provide a simple, reliable and eflicient thermostatic control for a burner head which will prevent the discharge of gas from a burner head unless the pilot burner is ignited.

Other and further features and objects of my invention will be more apparent to those skilled in the art upon a consideration of the accompanying drawing and following specification, wherein is disclosed an exemplary embodiment of the invention, with the understanding, however, that such changes may be made therein as fall within the scope of the appended claim without departing from the spirit of the invention. The device may be used or adapted for use for other purposes.

In said drawing:

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a burner constructed according to one embodiment of my invention; and

Figure 2 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of the burner shown in Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawing:

The main body or barrel of the burner, indicated at H3, is a substantially cylindrical member having a substantially rectangular boss I l at one side thereof. The burner body is chambered to provide an inlet chamber l2 and a burner head chamber l3. This division of the interior of the burner barrel I0 is accomplished by means of a partition which projects outwardly from the lower inside wall of the barrel in a semi-circular form as indicated at Ma, then upwardly in a rectangular portion Mb extending, of. course, from wall to wall and then to the other side of the inner wall of the barrel as indicated at Me.

Gas is let into the barrel l0 through the tapped is almost vertical.

opening l6 and passes from the chamber l2 into the chamber l3 through an opening I! in the wall l4b,the flow of gas from one'chamber to the other being controlled by means of a valve 3 as is hereinafter more particularly described.

The upper end of the barrel l 0 is provided with an upwardly projecting collar 2| which is threaded on its outer wall as indicated at 22 and which has an opening 23 therethrough leading from the chamber [3 into the mushroom burner head 24.

The peculiarly shaped mushroom or door knob head is not accidental but has been so devised that this burn-er will burn with a highly efficient flame without the necessity of furnished primary air to the burner. This is of partlcu lar importance in this type of burner.

Whereas most burners known to the art require primary air in order to obtain an efiicie'nt heating flame from the burner, this peculiarly shaped head and the position, size and number of burner openings permit the elimination of. and avoid the necessity for supplying primary air 'to the burner. The chamber 26 within the mushroom head and the channel leading into the chamber from the barrel Ill preferably follow the contour of the head 24. Any suitable arrangement and disposition of burner openings may be employed, but I have found that a very desirable arrangement is to provide some twenty-four openings in circular arrangement around the periphery of the head where the slope of the head The openings are preferably drilled in a horizontal plane which is substantially perpendicular to the surface and I have found that about twenty-four openings equally spaced about the circle and of about number forty-seven diameter provides a highly eflicient heating flame which will be at least a ninety per cent blue flame. I attribute the fact that this burner does not need a primary air supply to the peculiar shape of the head and the arrangement, disposition, size and number of the burner openings. I have found other shapes and arrangements of burner openings to operate with reasonable efliciency. For instance, conical or frusto-conical shapes of burner heads have been employed with reasonable success. The present shape and arrangement, however, has been found to be about the most efi'icient of all the shapes and arrangements tested. The location, number and size of openings in the head is of secondary importance to the shape of the head and other openings have been employed with varying success.

Burners of this type, since they are ordinarily intermittently operated, are usually adapted to be ignited by means of a pilot burner such as the burner indicated generally at 3|. In order to provide a compact and solid unit I preferably mount the pilot burner on an enlarged portion Ila of the boss I I, which boss is preferably integrally cast with the barrel II]. In the present instance the pilot burner is comprised of a highly porous ceramic tip 32 which is mounted upon a thimble 33 which is, in turn, mounted on a short nipple 34. The short nipple 34 is threaded into a suitable opening 36a in the rectangular boss I la. Another tapped opening 36 is drilled in the boss to conduct gas from a supply pipe (not shown) to the pilot burner.

As a safety device, to prevent gas from being admitted to the main burner if the pilot burner is not ignited, I preferably mount a bi-metallic control element M on the boss lla in such a position that the bi-metallic strip 42 is adjacent to the flame produced by gas issuing from the pilot burner 3i. The .bi-metallic element 4| is preferably comprised of a rigid strap 43 which is fastened in upright position in a suitable slot 44 in the boss Ila by means of a bolt 46. The bimetallicstrip 42 is preferably bent inla roughly inverted U-shape as shown on the drawing and is fastened to the strap 43 as by means of rivets 41.

An operating lever arm 48 is fastened to the other end of the bi-metallic strip 42 as'by means of rivets 49 and this lever arm extends downwardly substantially parallel to the strap 43 to a position below the plane of the boss Ila. The lever arm .48 is provided with a slot 5| at its lower end and the slot 5| is adapted to engage a circular recess 52 in a coupling member or sleeve 53. The

coupling member 53 is threaded on the projecting end of thesteml8a of the valve l8.

The neck 25 of the burner head 24 is threaded onto the upper end of the barrel l0 and the barrel I0 is provided with flat surfaces '30 at the 'upper end thereof to provide a nut flange to tion of the strip, the lever 48 will be' moved inwardly toward the barrel III to raise the valve! from its seat and permit gas to flow'from the chamber l2 into the chamber I3 when the main control valve (not shown) is opened. If the main control valve (not shown) is opened and the pilot burner is not ignited the valve II! will remain closed and gas cannot enter the chamber l3, thus preventing the escape of unburned gas from the burner. It is to be observed that the non-operative position of a thermostat is the "off position.

Of course, if the pilot flame is not ignited, a certain amount of unburned gas escapes into the furnace and up the stack but testshave proven that this amount of gas is only in the neighborhood of one cubic foot per hour and that a leakage of this kind only becomes dangerous when the volume is in the neighborhood of ten cubic feet per hour.

Although I have described a specific embodiment of my invention it is apparent that modifications may be made by those skilled in the art. Such modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as set forth in the appended claim.

I claim as my invention; I I A gas burner comprising a substantially cylindrical, vertically-extending casing, a main burner element associated with the upper end of the casing, a boss extending laterally from the side a of said casing at a point intermediate its ends, a

vertical partition, within said 'casing extending transversely'thereof and forming .on the opposite sides thereof a gas inlet chamber and a gas outlet chamber, said partition being provided;

with a port, a valve for closing said port, a valve rod extending laterally through said outlet chamher and from said casing parallel to and in the direction of said boss, a pilot burner secured to the top face of said boss at a point inwards of the free end of'the boss, '3, bi-metallic thermostat secured at one end to the free end of said boss

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