US2075230A - Production of siccatives - Google Patents
Production of siccatives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2075230A US2075230A US2075230DA US2075230A US 2075230 A US2075230 A US 2075230A US 2075230D A US2075230D A US 2075230DA US 2075230 A US2075230 A US 2075230A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- amine
- combination
- siccatives
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 42
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 32
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 15
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 10
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 colophony Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical class OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940046892 lead acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFDCBRMNNSAAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol Chemical compound OCCN1CCOCC1 KKFDCBRMNNSAAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNZVFASWDSMJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;lead Chemical compound [Pb].CC(O)=O PNZVFASWDSMJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000061 acid fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001164 aluminium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaniline Chemical class CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940031098 ethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ILHIHKRJJMKBEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyethane Chemical compound CCOO ILHIHKRJJMKBEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003152 propanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
- C09F9/00—Compounds to be used as driers, i.e. siccatives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the production of siccatives.
- siccatives the most important constituent of the dryers employed in the lacquer and varnish industries, the so-called siccatives, is the metal combined with an organic acid of high molecular weight, while the organic acid generally speaking plays an unimportant part. Since every siccative is looked upon as a foreign body in the varnish or lacquer, those siccatives are preferred in the industry which have a high content of metal in the molecule and which therefore can be employed in small amounts.
- Suitable siccatives are for example the oleates, linoleates, r'eslnates, naphthenates'a'nd the like carboxylic acids containing at least 7 carbon atoms obtainable from acids of vegetal, i. e. vegetable or animal origin such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, resinic acids, such as colophony, or
- siccativebase metals Valuable siccatives .may also be obtained for example according'to the British patent, No. 311,716, from the carboxylic acids formed, by the destructive oxidation of paraflin hydrocarbons such as parafiin wax or parafiin' oil.
- the products containing heavy metal salts of sulphonic acids prepared from petroleum oils by treatment with fuming sulphuric acid or sulphuric anhydride according to the U. S. Patent No. 1,686,484, are also suitable as siccatives; In most cases the best siccatives are obtained from carboxylic acids containing from '7 to 18 carbon atoms.
- siccatives having remarkable properties are obtained, when the usual preparation of siccatives by the conversion of the said or equivalent organic acids containing at least 'Zcarbon atoms preferably from 7 to 20 carbon atoms, or of their alkali metal salts, with one or more salts, hydroxides or oxides of the base metals capable of forming water-insoluble salts with the said acids, -i. e. alkaline earth' or heavy metals, especially of lead, cobalt or mapof mineral or synthetic origin such as naphthenic;
- said base metal compounds are preferably employed in more than equimolecular proportions calculated on the quantity of acid component employed.
- the quantities of the base metal compounds in excess of the said theoretical quantities may vary within wide limits and depend to some degree on the nature and quantity of the amine employed. Generally, an excess of .from 0.5 per cent to 50 per cent of the molecular quantitles may be employed. In most cases, however, I prefer excess quantities of from 1 or 3 to 35 per cent.
- Suitable amines are for example ethylamlne, ethylene diamine, aniline, hexamethylene tetramine, dimethyl or diethyl anilines, benzyl' p-amino phenol and especially alkylol amines as for example mono-, diand trl-ethanol amines or propanol amines and their commercial mixtures and alkyl-ethers thereof such as monoor di-hydroxy ethyl ethers of triethanol amine or N-hydroxyethyl morpholine give particularly good results.
- the siccatives prepared according to the present invention have a considerably higher metal content than those prepared in the absence of amines, the amines apparently taking part in the reaction and forming chemical combinations with the acids and the base metals.
- a cobalt naphthenate prepared in'the usual manner contains from about 12 to 12.5 per cent by weight of cobalt while a cobalt naphthenate prepared according to this invention with the aid of triethanolamine contains from about 15.5 to 16 per cent of cobalt.
- the quantity of amine employed usually corresponds to about 1 molecular proportion of amine to about 2 molecular proportions oi the acid employed but also lower quantities say one half of that stated, or higher quantities say up to 1% molecular proportions may be employed, the highest content of base being usuallyobtained with about 1 molecular of. acid.
- the siccatives prepared according to the present invention after fusion, are hard and several of them ,may'even be pulverized without their proportion of amine per 2 molecular proportions sticking together again, In part they may be obtainedas a powder; for example by precipitation of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of fatty acid/of high molecular weight with an aqueous solution of a metal salt at room temperature?
- the siccatives do not oxidize in the air./ 'They retain their original color and readily dissolve at from 100 to 130 C. in linseed oil to (give-clear solutions.
- the said siccatives readily dissolve in the cold in the volatile solvents usually employed in the lacquer and varnish industries, to give clear solutions even in the proportions of 1:1.
- the resulting solutions do not gelatinize even in the absence of protective colloids.
- the said solutions do not oxidize and they retain their original color. Because of their increased metal content, smaller amounts of the said siccatives are necessary in the preparation of varnishes and 2 lacquers than of the usual siccatives.
- Example 1 100 parts of naphthenic acid are saponified in the usual manner at about 100 C. with an aqueous solution of 20.5 parts of caustic soda. 40 parts of commercial triethanolamine (a mixture of triethanolamine with monoand diethanolamines) are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of 90 parts of cobalt sulphate at the boiling temperature. The precipitate iswashed a few times with hot water and then dehydrated in the usual manner by fusion. The product thus obtained contains about 16% by weight of cobalt, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 12% by weight of cobalt.
- commercial triethanolamine a mixture of triethanolamine with monoand diethanolamines
- Example 2 100 parts of naphthenic acid are saponified in the manner described in Example 1. 75 parts of commercial triethanolamine are added to the cooled soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous .solution of 120 parts of aluminium sulphate in the cold. The precipitate is washed a few times with water, dried at about 60 C. and if necessary pulverized. The product thus obtained contains about 8% by weight of aluminium, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 4.5% by weight of aluminium.
- Example 3 100 parts of colophony are saponified in the I usual manner with 14 parts of caustic soda. 45.5 parts of the mono-hydroxy ethyl ether of triethanolamine (obtainable for example by acting with ethylene oxide on an aqueous solution of Example 4 100 parts ofa liquid mixture of fatty acids ob-' tained by the destructive oxidation of soft paraflin wax by blowing with air at 160 C. are saponified at C. with 20 parts of caustic soda; 15 parts The following examples will further illustrate v at the. boiling'temperature.
- ethylene diamine are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of 100 parts of crystalline lead acetate (sugar of lead) and 30 parts of an aqueous solution of. crystalline cobalt sulphate at the boiling temperature.
- the precipitate is washed a few times with hot water and dehydrated by fusion.
- the product may be pulverized if desired.
- the product thus obtained contains about 34% by weight of lead and 4.5% by weight of cobalt, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 25% by weight of lead and 2.5% by weight of cobalt.
- Example 5 100' parts of naphthenic acid are saponifled as described inExample 1. 19 parts of pyridine are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of 82.5 parts of cobalt sulphate. The precipitate is washed a few times with hot water and then dehydrated in the usual manner by fusion. Instead of the pyridine 30 parts of quinoline may be employed. The product thus obtained contains about 15% by weight of cobalt, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 12% by weight of cobalt. I
- Example 6 100 parts of naphthenic acid are saponified in the usual manner at about 100 C. with an aqueous solution of 20.5 parts of caustic soda. 22 parts of aniline are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of parts of crystalline lead acetate The precipitate is washed a few times with hot water and then dehydrated in the usual manner by fusion. The product thus obtained contains from 42% to 43% by weight of lead, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only from 33% to 34% by weight of lead.
- siccatives from organic acids containing at least :7 carbon atoms and an at least equimolecular proportion of salts of siccative base metals" capable of forming watercapable of forming I 2,076,280. insoluble salts with the said acids, the step which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of an alkylol amine the latter being employed in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acids, any watersoluble' salts still present being washed out from the reaction product.
- a siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid con-- taining at least '7 carbon atoms with an amine
- said amine being present in said combination in a an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base metal capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprising at least one'waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid containing from 7 to 30 carbon atoms withan .amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one .and a half molecular proportions calculated on calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid,
- siccative base metal capable of forming a waterinsoluble salt with said acid, said siccative base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said'acid.
- a siccative comprising at least-one waterinsoluble combination of a naphthnic acid containing at least 7 carbon. atoms with an amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base meta capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantityexceeding that theoretically corresponding to. a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with an aliphatic amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of fromone half 'to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base nietal. capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprising at least one water ing a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with an alkylol amine, said amine being present in said com bination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base metal capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprisin at least one water,- I
- insoluble combination of an organic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with an ethanol amine said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one 4 and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base metal capable of forming a waterinsoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that thebretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid cont aining at least 7 carbon atoms with a mixture of alkylol amines, sai'd amines being present in said. combination in an amount of from one half base, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and at least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals being present insaid combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprising'at least one waterinsoluble combination of a naphthenic acid containing at least 7 carbonatoms with an alkylol amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 lecular proportions of said acid, and at least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
- a siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of a naphthenic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with triethanolamine, said amine being present in. said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and at'least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals lecular proportions of said acid, and at least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals being present in a quantity exceeding from 3 to 35 per cent the quantity theoretically corresponding to the salts'of said metals with said acid.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
Patented Mar. 30, 1937 v ,UNlTED STATES,
PRODUCTION OF SICCATIVES Hermann Schatz, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,
PA'l-ENT OFFICE Germany, assignor to I. G. Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft, V Germany Frankfort on the Main,
15 Claims. (01. 134-57) The present invention relates to the production of siccatives.
-It is well known that the most important constituent of the dryers employed in the lacquer and varnish industries, the so-called siccatives, is the metal combined with an organic acid of high molecular weight, while the organic acid generally speaking plays an unimportant part. Since every siccative is looked upon as a foreign body in the varnish or lacquer, those siccatives are preferred in the industry which have a high content of metal in the molecule and which therefore can be employed in small amounts. Suitable siccatives are for example the oleates, linoleates, r'eslnates, naphthenates'a'nd the like carboxylic acids containing at least 7 carbon atoms obtainable from acids of vegetal, i. e. vegetable or animal origin such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, resinic acids, such as colophony, or
acid fractions containing at least '7 carbon atoms, benzoic, cinnamic, partially hydrogenated benzoic and like carboxylic 'acids containing from 7 to 30 carbon atoms by conversion with one or more compounds of base metals capable of forming water-insoluble salts with the said acids, 1. e.
of the alkaline earth or heavy metals, singly or in combination, as for example of calcium, barium; strontium, magnesium, cerium, thorium, cobalt, lead, manganese, zinc, cadmium, vanadium, chromium, iron, copper, and aluminium. The above mentioned metals are hereinafter referred to as siccativebase metals: Valuable siccatives .may also be obtained for example according'to the British patent, No. 311,716, from the carboxylic acids formed, by the destructive oxidation of paraflin hydrocarbons such as parafiin wax or parafiin' oil. Furthermore the products containing heavy metal salts of sulphonic acids prepared from petroleum oils by treatment with fuming sulphuric acid or sulphuric anhydride according to the U. S. Patent No. 1,686,484, are also suitable as siccatives; In most cases the best siccatives are obtained from carboxylic acids containing from '7 to 18 carbon atoms.
I have now found that siccatives having remarkable properties are obtained, when the usual preparation of siccatives by the conversion of the said or equivalent organic acids containing at least 'Zcarbon atoms preferably from 7 to 20 carbon atoms, or of their alkali metal salts, with one or more salts, hydroxides or oxides of the base metals capable of forming water-insoluble salts with the said acids, -i. e. alkaline earth' or heavy metals, especially of lead, cobalt or mapof mineral or synthetic origin such as naphthenic;
ganese or of mixtures thereof with each other or with those of other metals referred to above,
is carried out in the presence of amines. The
said base metal compounds are preferably employed in more than equimolecular proportions calculated on the quantity of acid component employed. The quantities of the base metal compounds in excess of the said theoretical quantities may vary within wide limits and depend to some degree on the nature and quantity of the amine employed. Generally, an excess of .from 0.5 per cent to 50 per cent of the molecular quantitles may be employed. In most cases, however, I prefer excess quantities of from 1 or 3 to 35 per cent. Suitable amines are for example ethylamlne, ethylene diamine, aniline, hexamethylene tetramine, dimethyl or diethyl anilines, benzyl' p-amino phenol and especially alkylol amines as for example mono-, diand trl-ethanol amines or propanol amines and their commercial mixtures and alkyl-ethers thereof such as monoor di-hydroxy ethyl ethers of triethanol amine or N-hydroxyethyl morpholine give particularly good results. Generally speaking, the siccatives prepared according to the present invention have a considerably higher metal content than those prepared in the absence of amines, the amines apparently taking part in the reaction and forming chemical combinations with the acids and the base metals. Thus for example a cobalt naphthenate prepared in'the usual manner contains from about 12 to 12.5 per cent by weight of cobalt while a cobalt naphthenate prepared according to this invention with the aid of triethanolamine contains from about 15.5 to 16 per cent of cobalt. The quantity of amine employed usually corresponds to about 1 molecular proportion of amine to about 2 molecular proportions oi the acid employed but also lower quantities say one half of that stated, or higher quantities say up to 1% molecular proportions may be employed, the highest content of base being usuallyobtained with about 1 molecular of. acid.
The siccatives prepared according to the present invention, after fusion, are hard and several of them ,may'even be pulverized without their proportion of amine per 2 molecular proportions sticking together again, In part they may be obtainedas a powder; for example by precipitation of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of fatty acid/of high molecular weight with an aqueous solution of a metal salt at room temperature? The siccatives do not oxidize in the air./ 'They retain their original color and readily dissolve at from 100 to 130 C. in linseed oil to (give-clear solutions. The said siccatives readily dissolve in the cold in the volatile solvents usually employed in the lacquer and varnish industries, to give clear solutions even in the proportions of 1:1. The resulting solutions do not gelatinize even in the absence of protective colloids. The said solutions do not oxidize and they retain their original color. Because of their increased metal content, smaller amounts of the said siccatives are necessary in the preparation of varnishes and 2 lacquers than of the usual siccatives.
the nature of this invention but the invention is not restricted to these examples. The parts are by weight.
Example 1 100 parts of naphthenic acid are saponified in the usual manner at about 100 C. with an aqueous solution of 20.5 parts of caustic soda. 40 parts of commercial triethanolamine (a mixture of triethanolamine with monoand diethanolamines) are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of 90 parts of cobalt sulphate at the boiling temperature. The precipitate iswashed a few times with hot water and then dehydrated in the usual manner by fusion. The product thus obtained contains about 16% by weight of cobalt, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 12% by weight of cobalt.
Example 2 100 parts of naphthenic acid are saponified in the manner described in Example 1. 75 parts of commercial triethanolamine are added to the cooled soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous .solution of 120 parts of aluminium sulphate in the cold. The precipitate is washed a few times with water, dried at about 60 C. and if necessary pulverized. The product thus obtained contains about 8% by weight of aluminium, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 4.5% by weight of aluminium.
Example 3 100 parts of colophony are saponified in the I usual manner with 14 parts of caustic soda. 45.5 parts of the mono-hydroxy ethyl ether of triethanolamine (obtainable for example by acting with ethylene oxide on an aqueous solution of Example 4 100 parts ofa liquid mixture of fatty acids ob-' tained by the destructive oxidation of soft paraflin wax by blowing with air at 160 C. are saponified at C. with 20 parts of caustic soda; 15 parts The following examples will further illustrate v at the. boiling'temperature.
of ethylene diamine are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of 100 parts of crystalline lead acetate (sugar of lead) and 30 parts of an aqueous solution of. crystalline cobalt sulphate at the boiling temperature. The precipitate is washed a few times with hot water and dehydrated by fusion. The product may be pulverized if desired. The product thus obtained contains about 34% by weight of lead and 4.5% by weight of cobalt, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 25% by weight of lead and 2.5% by weight of cobalt.
Example 5 100' parts of naphthenic acid are saponifled as described inExample 1. 19 parts of pyridine are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of 82.5 parts of cobalt sulphate. The precipitate is washed a few times with hot water and then dehydrated in the usual manner by fusion. Instead of the pyridine 30 parts of quinoline may be employed. The product thus obtained contains about 15% by weight of cobalt, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only about 12% by weight of cobalt. I
Example 6 Example 7 100 parts of naphthenic acid are saponified in the usual manner at about 100 C. with an aqueous solution of 20.5 parts of caustic soda. 22 parts of aniline are added to the soap solution and the whole is precipitated with an aqueous solution of parts of crystalline lead acetate The precipitate is washed a few times with hot water and then dehydrated in the usual manner by fusion. The product thus obtained contains from 42% to 43% by weight of lead, whereas, if no amine is employed and the other conditions are observed, a product is obtained which contains only from 33% to 34% by weight of lead.
What I claim is:
1. In the production of siccatives from organic acids containing at least '7 carbon atoms and an at least equimolecular proportion of salts of "siccative base metals water-insoluble salts with the said acids, the step which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of an amine the latter being employed in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acids, any water-soluble salts still present being washed out from the reaction product.
2. In the production of siccatives from organic acids containing at least :7 carbon atoms and an at least equimolecular proportion of salts of siccative base metals" capable of forming watercapable of forming I 2,076,280. insoluble salts with the said acids, the step which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of an alkylol amine the latter being employed in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acids, any watersoluble' salts still present being washed out from the reaction product.
3. A siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid con-- taining at least '7 carbon atoms with an amine,
said amine being present in said combination in a an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base metal capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid. i
4. A siccative comprising at least one'waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid containing from 7 to 30 carbon atoms withan .amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one .and a half molecular proportions calculated on calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid,
and a base metal capable of forming a waterinsoluble salt with said acid, said siccative base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said'acid.
6. A siccative comprising at least-one waterinsoluble combination of a naphthnic acid containing at least 7 carbon. atoms with an amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base meta capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantityexceeding that theoretically corresponding to. a salt of said metal with said acid.
7. A siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with an aliphatic amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of fromone half 'to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base nietal. capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
8. A siccative comprising at least one water ing a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
9. A siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with an alkylol amine, said amine being present in said com bination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base metal capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
10. A siccative comprisin at least one water,- I
insoluble combination of an organic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with an ethanol amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one 4 and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and a siccative base metal capable of forming a waterinsoluble salt with said acid, said base metal being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that thebretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
11. A siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of an organic acid cont aining at least 7 carbon atoms with a mixture of alkylol amines, sai'd amines being present in said. combination in an amount of from one half base, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and at least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals being present insaid combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
13. A siccative comprising'at least one waterinsoluble combination of a naphthenic acid containing at least 7 carbonatoms with an alkylol amine, said amine being present in said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 lecular proportions of said acid, and at least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals being present in said combination in a quantity exceeding that theoretically corresponding to a salt of said metal with said acid.
14. A siccative comprising at least one waterinsoluble combination of a naphthenic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms with triethanolamine, said amine being present in. said combination in an amount of from one half to one and a half molecular proportions calculated on 2 molecular proportions of said acid, and at'least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals lecular proportions of said acid, and at least one base metal selected from the group consisting of lead, manganese and cobalt, base metals being present in a quantity exceeding from 3 to 35 per cent the quantity theoretically corresponding to the salts'of said metals with said acid.
HERMANN SCI-IATZ.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2075230A true US2075230A (en) | 1937-03-30 |
Family
ID=3428589
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US2075230D Expired - Lifetime US2075230A (en) | Production of siccatives |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2075230A (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2526718A (en) * | 1950-10-24 | Coating compositions | ||
US2556146A (en) * | 1948-11-05 | 1951-06-05 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Di-(beta-hydroxyalkyl)-2-(alkyl carbamyl-oxy)- alkylamines |
US2561791A (en) * | 1951-07-24 | Chaev siccatives | ||
US2565897A (en) * | 1951-08-28 | Drier compositions | ||
US2575041A (en) * | 1947-05-23 | 1951-11-13 | Jeanne Sophie Barnier | Production of esters of n-ethanol morpholine |
US2584861A (en) * | 1949-01-21 | 1952-02-05 | Shell Dev | Method of separating organic carboxylic acids from hydrocarbon oil compositions |
US2585826A (en) * | 1948-11-05 | 1952-02-12 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Carbamate-quaternary ammonium compounds and their preparation |
US2630419A (en) * | 1949-09-10 | 1953-03-03 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Polyester resins modified with complex metal-phenol-nitrogen compounds |
US2663648A (en) * | 1950-11-21 | 1953-12-22 | Jelling Murray | Thermally stable bituminous bonding compositions |
US2777837A (en) * | 1952-10-14 | 1957-01-15 | Sherwin Williams Co | Oleoresinous rosinamine condensations |
US2852405A (en) * | 1953-05-29 | 1958-09-16 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Drier accelerators |
US2961331A (en) * | 1958-10-03 | 1960-11-22 | Vanderbilt Co R T | Drier compositions |
US4808407A (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1989-02-28 | Mooney Chemicals, Inc. | Water-soluble copper salts |
US5338473A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1994-08-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Aqueous beta cobaltous hydroxide and method for making |
-
0
- US US2075230D patent/US2075230A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2526718A (en) * | 1950-10-24 | Coating compositions | ||
US2561791A (en) * | 1951-07-24 | Chaev siccatives | ||
US2565897A (en) * | 1951-08-28 | Drier compositions | ||
US2575041A (en) * | 1947-05-23 | 1951-11-13 | Jeanne Sophie Barnier | Production of esters of n-ethanol morpholine |
US2585826A (en) * | 1948-11-05 | 1952-02-12 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Carbamate-quaternary ammonium compounds and their preparation |
US2556146A (en) * | 1948-11-05 | 1951-06-05 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Di-(beta-hydroxyalkyl)-2-(alkyl carbamyl-oxy)- alkylamines |
US2584861A (en) * | 1949-01-21 | 1952-02-05 | Shell Dev | Method of separating organic carboxylic acids from hydrocarbon oil compositions |
US2630419A (en) * | 1949-09-10 | 1953-03-03 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Polyester resins modified with complex metal-phenol-nitrogen compounds |
US2663648A (en) * | 1950-11-21 | 1953-12-22 | Jelling Murray | Thermally stable bituminous bonding compositions |
US2777837A (en) * | 1952-10-14 | 1957-01-15 | Sherwin Williams Co | Oleoresinous rosinamine condensations |
US2852405A (en) * | 1953-05-29 | 1958-09-16 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Drier accelerators |
US2961331A (en) * | 1958-10-03 | 1960-11-22 | Vanderbilt Co R T | Drier compositions |
US4808407A (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1989-02-28 | Mooney Chemicals, Inc. | Water-soluble copper salts |
US5338473A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1994-08-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Aqueous beta cobaltous hydroxide and method for making |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2075230A (en) | Production of siccatives | |
US2444328A (en) | Composition of matter | |
US1933520A (en) | Drier and drying oil composition | |
US2409774A (en) | Drier metal salt and process of making it | |
US2175491A (en) | Water-insoluble soap and method of | |
Bossert | The metallic soaps | |
US2044968A (en) | Metal salts of oxyacedic acids | |
US2421672A (en) | Rust preventive composition | |
GB962974A (en) | Process for preparing oil-containing binders suitable for the preparation of water-based binder compositions | |
US2995532A (en) | Corrosion preventive composition | |
US2963379A (en) | Hard waxes and process for their | |
US2244666A (en) | Manufacture of modified organic isocolloid materials | |
US2213943A (en) | Modification op the physical prop | |
US2350688A (en) | Metallic soap composition | |
US2298914A (en) | Modification of fatty oils | |
US2556108A (en) | Manufacture of condensation products | |
US2502606A (en) | Reacting blown nondehydrated castor oil with maleic anhydride, products, and compositions thereof | |
US2199828A (en) | Process for stabilizing organic heavy metal salts | |
US2287116A (en) | Art of incorporating drying metals in paints, varnishes, linoleums, inks, etc. | |
US2631944A (en) | Organic driers in organic film forming compositions | |
GB498011A (en) | Improvements in the manufacture and production of high quality siccatives | |
US1882762A (en) | Acids from petroleum hydrocarbons and method of producing same | |
US2541825A (en) | Coating compositions containing | |
US2049396A (en) | Process of preparing compositions | |
USRE27433E (en) | Metal salt drier compositions |