US2070422A - Hair waving apparatus - Google Patents

Description

IIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIH IIIIHI IIHIIIII G. lDECKER ET'AL HAIR WAYING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 7, 1952 Feb- 9 1937.

ATTQRNEYS' Patented Feb. 9, 1937 UNITED' STATES PATENT OFFICE d A HAIR WAVING APPARATUS George Decker and Philip D. Spaeth, Jr., Cleveland, Ohio; assignors to TheRealistic Permanent. Wave.: Machine Company,V

Cincinnati,

Ohio, a, `corporation of Ohio.

Applicatinf-January 7, 1932, Serial No.1585,306`

`10 Claims.

Another object is to provide an improved appa-- ratus which will permit thehair adjacent its roots to attain a `stronger wave-than that adjacent the tips.

Another object is `to providean improved apparatusfwhich will permit-the hair to be waved closely adjacent the scalp without the formation ofl 'a line or bind ywhereAl theL apparatus engages the hair.l

Other objects will 'hereinafter appear.'

` The invention will `be better understood from the description of one practical embodiment illustrated inthe accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is aperspective viewof a curler rod, protector clamp, and pad embodying'the invention, shown rin separated relation;

Figure 2 is a sidev elevation of the protector clampy of Figure 1';

Figure?, is a plan view'of the clamp of Figure 2;

Figure 4` is a longitudinal sectional view taken onY the line IV-IV of Figure 6.

Figures 5 and 6 are cross sectional viewstaken on the lines V-V and'VI--VI of Figure 2frespectively;

Figure '7 is an endelevationoffthe vcurlerv rody of Figure 1; and,

Figure'S-isa side elevation of the'curler rod, parts being shown in section.

In the croquignole stylelof permanently waving,"the lhair onthesubjects scalp` is 'divided into a plurality of flat strands andeach strand'retained adjacent the scalp by a protector clamp. Thehair of the strand is then wound from its outenendtowardtheclamp upon a spool-like rod, and after the winding; the strand and rod are enclosed within some kind of covering or envelopeA and heated so that moisture,V which has 50 previously. been'supplied tothe hair, will be evaporated and impart tothe hair apermanent set or wave.

One rform'; of protectorclampor curler rod is illustrated inrthe, prior patent to VDecker 1,683,531

55 while anotherz'frrn isi shown inl the patent to Spaeth 1,746,018; the latter patent showing a pad identical toA that illustrated in Figure 1.

The protector clamp consists of two arms- I and 2 pivotedz together at one endy and detachably clamped at thepther. neled shaped member 3, conveniently formed ofsheet'm'etal and having one endformed as indicated at 4 with the web portion of the channel at this point approachingmore nearly the free edges of the iianges` fora purposerto be hereinafter described.

Within theopen side of the channel a smaller channel shaped piece 5 is secured, this piece servingiiias a'carrier for astrip 6 vof rubber or other elastic material:;having on its exposed side up-y wardly and downwardly projecting ilanges over-- lying th'efedgesv oi the metal. Secured to the underside ofrarm 'I lby means of'L shaped lugs 1 struck from the lower` flangeothis arm and spaced fromiitby washers 8is a strip-of heat in- 2"@ sulating'f'material 9', `conveniently of' wood, substantiallyxcoextensive with the arm. 'Ihe lower inner Acorneriof thiswooden strip isrounded as indicated at I0, sovthat there `will be no" sharp edge over whichhairs secured by the clampcan be` abruptlyV bent.v

The arm 2 is constructed in a' manner very similar to'the arm l excepting that the upper flange. v I I Eis` bent inwardly'v and: downwardly to form a longitudinally extending space I2 30 throughout the lengthtof this arm, this space having rant open narrow 'slot I3 `in which the edge ofv the pad Idfmay be inserted.

This pad, as above mentioned, is shown in the patent to Spaeth and consists of van inner foraminous ply of foil, a central ply of absorbent material, an outer lply of relatively impervious material, conveniently parchment, the three plys being secured together 'to form a thickened edge I5 whichmay be retained in the space I2.

Arm 2=has secured'to its lower side a piece of heat insulating material I6k also shown as of woodiwhich is connected as is the corresponding bar to arm I by L shaped lugs and spacing washers. This bar likewise has its lower inner corner rounded as indicated at I0 for the same purpose as-does bar 9.

The uarms are joined adjacent one end by links I'I and I8 which are rigidly fixed to arm I but joined `to arm 2 by a single rivet I9 serving as a 50t pivot about which this arm may swing.

Link |8is provided on its upper surface with a bearing member consisting of side flanges 20" connected by-an end ange 2l, the three being bent'fromxa single `piece ofV sheet metal,` and 55 Arm-l consists-of a chan- 5 within the channel-shaped end of this bearing member is pivoted upon a rivet 22 a pawl 23. This pawl has a U shaped outer end hooking over the upper end of flange 2l which serves as a stop to limit its motion. A leaf spring 2li is positioned within the channel shaped end of the bearing member pressing the pawl in a clockwise Ydirection as seen in Figure 5.

At the free endof arm 2 are pivoted two links 25 and 26 adapted to be swung about the free.

yond the outer edge of arm I. Link 26 has formed integrally with it an upwardly extending flange 26a having an arcuate bearing flange Vformed on itsvupper edge.

The curler rod shown in Figures '1, 7 and 8 consists of a central metal reinforcing rod 29, shown as knurled throughout the majority of its length and formed with a flattened end 30. The first step in the process of producing the curler rod is to form the reinforcing rod as just described. About this reinfcrcing rod is molded a generally spool shaped cover of approximately hyperboloidal contour, this cover being conveniently molded of bakelite or the like. The end of the bakelite portion is recessed at 3I to expose the flattened end 30 of the reinforcing rod while the central exterior portion' of the bakelite portion is provided with longitudinally extending flutes 32 which serve to roughen it and give a greater frictional grip to the hair being wound thereabout. One end of the rod is provided with serrations 33 which constitute a ratchet adapted to cooperate with the pawl 23.

The operation of the device is as follows:

f The hair is first divided into iiat strands and one strand inserted betweenY the arms of the protector clamp, links 25 and 26 are then swung about the arm I and the latch 28 swung to the position shown in Figure 3, thus gripping the hair between the two rubber members 6. Next, the operator places the tips of the hair strand over the rod and winds this toward the clamp until the serrated end of the rod fits in bearing flanges 20 and the cylindrical end of the rod fits upon ange 26a. The end 3B of the reinforcing f'portion of the curler rod can then be engaged by a wrench and the rod turned to tighten the hair as much as desired, the pawl engaging the teeth of the ratchet and so holding the rod in its adjusted position.

f A pad I4, moistened with a suitable solution, is applied by having its thickened edge inserted within space I2 and then being wrapped about the wound strand, after which a heater may be placed over the curl and heat applied to impart a permanent wave to it.

Due to the heat insulating character of the rod, the tips of the hair closely adjacent the rod receive less heat than has been the case withmetal rods heretofore in use and so are not excessively waved. Due to the use of the reinforcing bar, the exterior of the rod may be made of molded material, such as bakelite, which in itself does not possess sufficient strength or is alone too brittle for such purposes.

' It will be noted that the center of 'the rod is not directly over the opening between the arms of the clamp but is set to one side, to the left as shown in Figures 5 and 6, of this space, hence the hair in passing from the scalp to the rod extends from the scalp around the curved edges of the wooden bars and substantially straight from this point upwardly, tangent to the hair which has been wound upon the rod. As there are no abrupt bends in the hair during the waving process, the resultant wave is smooth, without sudden changes of direction such as have been experienced heretofore, and a much more pleasing effect can be achieved in the arrangement of hair so waved.

While we have described our invention in some particularity it is obvious that many modifications and variations therein may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and we therefore claim as our invention all embodiments coming within the scope of the appending, claims.

We claim:

l. A protector clamp having two elongated arms pivoted together at one end, a link pivoted to the free end of one of the arms, a cam-shaped latch pivoted to the free end of the link, the outer side of the free end of the other arm being recessed so that when the latch engages the last mentioned end it will t within the recess.

2. A protector clamp comprising two elongated arms pivoted together at one end, a pair of links pivoted upon the upper and lower sides of the free end of one arm, a cam latch between the free ends of the links and pivoted thereto, the outer surface of the free end of the other arm being recessed and adapted to be received between the links so that when the latch is in closed position it will lie within the recess.

3. A protector clamp comprising two elongated arms pivoted together at one end and detachably connected at the other end, heat insulating strips substantially co-extensive with said arms and secured thereto, the meeting edges of said strips being rounded to diverge in a direction away from said arms.

4. A curler rod having a central reinforcing bar surrounded by a generally spool-shaped envelope of heat insulating material.

5. A curler rod having a central cylindrical reinforcing bar provided with a non-circular end, and a covering of heat insulating material leaving said non-circular end accessible.

6. A generally spool-shaped curler rod of heat insulating material having a fluted narrow central portion, and a reinforcing rod extending therethrough.

'7. A curler rod comprising a generally spoolshaped piece of heat insulating material, ratchet teeth formed in one end thereof, roughening projections formed at the central portion thereof, a recess in one end of said rod, a reinforcing bar extending through the rod and having a noncircular end projecting into said recess.

8.- The method of making a curler rod which consists of roughening the exterior of a reinforcing rod, forming one end of the reinforcing rod in a non-circular cross-Section, and molding about said reinforcing rod a covering of heat insulating material having a recess surrounding said non-circular end.

9. A protector clamp comprising two elongated heat insulating bars pivoted together at one end and detachably connected at the other, a cradle carried by one of said bars adjacent one end and having an upwardly extending flange, a hookshaped pawl pivoted to said cradle, the hook portion thereof overlying said flange, and a spring interposed betwen the flange and pawl.

10. A hair Waver clamp comprising a pair of flat generally rectangular jaws pvotally connected to be swung to open and closed position and having meeting edges movable into and out of cooperation by the opening and closing of said jaws, said meeting edges being removed and cooperating on a bias along the sides of the jaws presented to the scalp when the device is applied to the hair to provide a relief space adjacent the scalp and longitudinally along said meeting edges when said jaws are closed.

GEORGE DECKER. PHILIP D. SPAETH, JR.

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