US2062506A - Carbureting device - Google Patents

Description

1936- Y. DJORDJEVITCH 2,062,506

CARBURETING DEVICE Filed Oct. 23, 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet l 69$ /6 m ws/945 I Dec. 1, 1936. Y. DJORDJEVITCH CARBURETING DEVI CE Filed Oct. 23, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 1, 1936. Y. DJORDJEVITCH 2,062,506

CARBURETING DEVI CE Filed Oct. 25, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Dec. 1, 1936 UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE Application otober23, 1935, Serial No. 46,396

In France October 24, 1934 Claims. (01- 261-41) The devices used as atomizers in carbureters generally provide the internal combustion motors with a fuel or mixture lacking proper homogeneity and which is thereby detrimental to the proper 5 economicaloperation of the motor.

My invention has for its object a novel device the arrangement of which allows the production of a mixture suited for each speed of the motor and providing the most economical operation possible.

This novel device provides for an equal size a much greater contact area between the air and the fuel and thus it is possible to obtain a very light perfectly homogeneous mixture which is the essential condition for a proper carbureting.

Moreover the direction and the special shape of the ports through which the mixture passes out of atomizing chamber are such as will give the gaseous streams passing out of the ports shapes approximating that of the space left open by the throttle valve as it opens and moves away from the walls of the duct enclosing it. The current of aeriform mixture is thus divided and passes through the two openings provided on either side of the throttle valve, which prevents any substantial loss of pressure in the main admission channel to the carbureter and also any substantial condensation as generally produced by the impinging on the axis of the throttle valve and on the throttle valve itself. To this end, the atomizer according to my invention constrains the fuel to pass through ports provided at a certain distance from the center of one of the opposite walls of a mixing chamber along two arcs on either side of a diameter parallel to the pivoting axis of the throttle valve, said passage of fuel being performed under the action of the air sucked into said chamber through openings provided in front of the just mentioned ports in the 40 opposite wall of the chamber.

Moreover it is possible to choose the relative size of the admission parts for the air or other oxidizing aeriform fluid with reference to the size of the outlet ports for the mixture and also the 45 height and. volume of the atomizing chamber so as to obtain an automatic measure of the admission of air either through an acceleration of the flow of air through said chamber or through a braking thereof.

50 It is in fact possible to accelerate this flow of air on one side of the atomizing chamber and to brake it on the other side in order to make the force of the jet of mixture correspond with the position andshape of the throttle valve or the 55 like part closing the main admission pipe. It is also possible to permanently accelerate or brake the outlet of the mixture on one side of the chamber and to provide on the other side a mixed flow i. e. a flow which is accelerated or braked accord-' ing to the speed of the motor. 5

Eventually, part of the atomizer may be of a substance different from the remainder of the atomizer, in particular as far as conductibility' is concerned. I

The operation of the atomizer allows its us 1 alternately as an idling atomizer and as a main atomizer, the motor being constrained to suck the mixture, according to the degree of opening of the throttle valve, either from one or from the other side of the atomizer. 15

I have shown by way of example in accompanying drawings a certain number of forms of execution of the invention:

Fig. 1 shows a carbureter the main spray nozzleof which is constituted by one of my improved 20 atomizers,

Fig. 2 shows the atomizer seen from above,

Figs. 3 to 11 are longitudinal cross-sections of different modifications,

Figs. 12 and 13 show two modifications of a 5 reversed carbureter to which the invention has been applied,

Fig. 14 is a modification of Fig. 2,

Figs. 15 and 16 are a view from above and a cross section of an atomizer of the type shown in 30 Fig. 2 with the addition of vibratory blades,

Fig. 1'7 is a modification thereof,

Figs. 18 and 19 show an atomizer as disclosed serving in alternation as an atomizer for idling (Fig. 18) and as a main atomizer (Fig. 19)

The carbureter of Fig. 1 is a. normal carbureter comprising a main spray nozzle I connected with the float chamber 2 through the channel 3 and the calibrated plug 4, and an idling spray nozzle forming a branch of the same channel. The v idling spray nozzle is shown in this case as an ordinary atomizer projecting the fuel axially into the fuel diflfusing part 20 of the pipe 2| in which the air enters through the channels l4--l8-l9 under the action of the suction of the motor. On the contrary the main spray nozzle comprises an atomizer designed according to the invention and the body 6 of which is provided with a central channel 9 opening into a mixture chamber 8; the upper wall I of this chamberis provided at its periphery with perforations ll arranged along two arcs of a circle on either side of a diameter (Fig. 2). These perforations may show any suitable shape and appear in particular as a crescent or a bean on either side of a-diameter of the chamber. The lower wall of the chamber is provided with smaller corresponding ports III which are thus on the outside of the wall of the channel 9. The lower end of the channel 9 of the atomizer is held against the outlet of the fuel feeding channel 3 by a sleeve I2 screwed into the casing I of the spray nozzle so as to formroundthe atomizer a vacant space I5 communicating on one hand through the openings I6 in the wall of the sleeve with the channel I4, through which air is ad- 'mitted and on the other with the ports I 0 of the atomizer mixture chamber.

It is apparentthat the air, pure or already emulsified, hot or cold, forced under pressure or sucked by the motor, passing through I4, I6, I5, I0 enters the mixture chamber '8 which is preferably half immersed in fuel. The air entering said chamber sucks the fuel arriving through 3 and 9 and forms with it a mixture which passes into the chamber I'I directed towards the throttle valve I3, through the annular series of perforations II whereby the mixture has a tendency to impinge only on the crescentshaped open spaces between the open throttle valve I3 and the wall of the pipe containing it, without substantially touching the central portion of the throttle valve nor the axis round which it pivots, said portion and axis obviously not requiring any mixture. The shape of the superposed air admission ports Ill and mixture outlet ports II in the mixture chamber is apparent from Fig. 2. The ports II being larger than the ports III, the mixture expands as'it v passes outof the chamber.

Fig. 3 shows a modification in which the sleeve I2 is provided with a supplementary air admission at 22 beyond the outlet for the mixture out of the mixture chamber.

It is of course possible to use for the idling spray nozzle the just described arrangement with its annular projection of the mixture. The main spray nozzle is in this case either of the conventional type or of the above described type. Moreover the improved atomizer may be used with advantage in auxiliary starting carbureters or so-called starters.

Fig. 4 shows an atomizer adapted for idling, in which the outlet ports of the mixture chamber are smaller than the inlet ports so as to increase the braking on the flow of fuel when the suction increases.

Fig. 5 shows an atomizer of the type shown in Fig. 1 for the main spray nozzle, wherein the and I0 are respectively smaller and larger than the corresponding apertures; I I and II.

The atomizer of Fig. 8 is similar to that of Figs. 1 and 2 with the addition of a supplementary air admission port 25 opening into the central fuel channel 9.

Fig. 9 shows an atomizer in which the ports .III are equal in size to ports II.

Fig. 10 shows an idling atomizer, the correspending ports I0 and II on one side being in a. chamber opening into a smallerthan the corresponding port I 0.

Lastly in Fig. 11, there is shown an atomizer in which the opposite walls of the mixture chamber are no longer parallel to one another but are at an angle one with another whereby the wall facing the throttle valve may be parallel to one of the positions taken by the throttle valve when open. At the same time the difierence between the travel distances of the fluid at both sides of the mixture chamber has for its result a favorable modification in the balance of the ilow of the fuel through its outlet ports.

Of course, the shape of the peripheric apertures may be modified in the widest variety of manners. In particular, instead of forming an entire arc: of a circle, they may, chiefly in the lower wall,'be distributed along this are of a circle under the shape of a series of circular apertures, which may be independent or else have portions common to two successive apertures. Fig. 14 shows a modification of Fig. 2 wherein .the apertures are no longer bean shaped, but

have a crescent shape similar to that of the crescents formed by thepassages uncovered by the throttle valve when it is opened and moves away from the walls of the duct enclosing it. It will be noticed that the number of arcs of a circle corresponding to ports or systems or ports is not necessarily two and may be reduced to one or increased above two.

Fig. 12 shows the spray nozzles of a reversed flow or downfiow carbureter. The main spray nozzle has an atomizer arranged as precedently restricted portion of the admission pipe just before the throttle valve. Of course, the smaller openings III are provided in the upper wall of the chamber and the larger openings II in the lower wall. Preferably the fuel is caused to arrive in this case laterally into the chamber 8 through the small pipe 26. But it is possible to use in this case of downfiow carbureters as in the case of normal carbureters, either an atomizer with an axial admission of fuel or an atomizer with a lateral admission of fuel.

The auxiliary atomizer of Fig. 12 is of the type of Fig. 4 but with the openings reversed,whereas the downfiow carbureter of Fig. 13 comprises an auxiliary atomizer of the conventional type. It is of course possible to use in combination a conventional main spray nozzle with an auxiliary nozzle according to the invention.

In the atomizer of Figs. 15 and 16, a vibratory blade is placed in the atomizing or mixture chamber, between the admission port for the emulsifying air and the outlet ports for the mixture.

This blade has for its eiIect to stir the mixture forming in the atomizing'chamber 9 through its vibrations produced by the air sucked in. The vibratory blade may be used with all forms of execution of the invention. It may moreover appear under any other suitable shape and be placed in the chamber 8 in any manner suitable for the result sought for, for instance fiat or on edge, lengthwise or breadthwise.

Fig. 17 shows another modification wherein the ports III and I I depart from the shape shown in Fig. 2 and appear as the chord of the are previously formed by them and straight vibratory blades may in this case be set along their centre lines as shown.

' Figs. 18 and 19 illustrate an application of the atomizer according to invention and working as a depression controlling means, acting in alternation as a main atomizer and asan idling atomizer.

In Fig. 18, the atomizer described works as an idling device because, the throttle valve A being closed, the depression of the motor is applied on the outlet channel B and consequently on the annular space F surrounding the body of the atomizer 6 and therefore there is produced a suction of the fuel which enters the chamber 8 through the central channel 9. This fuel passes out through the ports at the same time as the air entering through the ports II. The fuel thus partly admixed with air passes out into the space F wherein the mixture is completed by the air coming from the channel l4 and thence into the motor through the pipe G and the outlet channel B opening into the main admission pipe.

When the motor is accelerated, the throttle valve A is opened and the depression which was first zero ahead of the throttle valve increases and begins causing a suction on the outlet ports II and as this depression acts more and more above the atomizer, the fuel passes more and more through the ports ll at a given moment, the air advancing towards the pipe C through the channel I4 changes its direction and begins passing partly through the normal admission ports In which are smaller than the ports II, into the mixture chamber 8. The air then car ries along with it the fuel and mixed therewith passes out through the ports H towards the motor as illustrated in Fig. 19.

The consequence of this manner of working is that at a certain moment the depression in the motor becomes large enough above the atomizer for the air coming from the channel M to pass through the ports l and to draw violently with it through the outlet ports ll all the vfuel entering the chamber through the central passage 9; consequently the idling mixture is no longer sucked andthe fuel can pass no more through the channel C until the throttle valve is returned towards its closed position; The depression, still very strong; acts then on the ports ill, but with a strength such that the air hits the opening of the passage 9 and prevents the fuel from passing through. It is only when the speed of the motor has fallen to idling speed that the fuel issucked out of the channel 9 and is admixed with the air passing through the pipe C into the motor. The cycle of operations begins over again and the mixture the direction of which has changed causes now the motor to rotate at idling speed.

A single calibrated aperture D provides the fuel for the atomizer both for idling and for normal speed operation of the motor.

In case of need, it is possible to modify the richness of the mixture for idling purposes by a suitable device disposed at e, such as a suitably controlled air admission port.

Obviously without widening the scope of the invention, it is possible to modify in any desired manner the shape of the inlet and outlet ports for the gases into the atomizer as well as the general shape of the atomizers described. These may also be executed in any suitable material according to their intended use for forming a homogeneous mixture of a liquid with a gas or a vapour which it is desired to project in one or more predetermined directions. In any case,

it is possible to combine in any suitable manner the difierent arrangements disclosed hereinabove.

What I claim is:

I. In an atomizer for liquid fuel adapted tobe submitted to suction from the admission pipe of a motor including a pivoting throttle valve, the provision of a closed mixture chamber the axis of which is directed towards the throttle valve provided with two opposite thin fiat solid walls, ports being arranged near the periphery of each of said walls solely along two diametrically opposed portions of said wall to either side of a diameter parallel to the pivoting axis of the throttle valve, the ports in one wall lying in front of the ports in the other and an admission duct for the fuel being provided through the center of one of said walls.

2. In combination with anatomizer as claimed in claim 1, means for leading air to the outside of both opposite walls of the mixture chamber selectively according to the degree of throttling in the admission pipe, said means urging the fuel back into its admission duct when the suction in the throttled pipe is above idling value.

3. In an atomizer for liquid fuel adapted to be submitted to suction from the admission pipe of a motor including a pivoting throttle valve, the provision of a closed shallow cylindrical mixture chamber the axis of which is directed towards the throttle valve provided with two opposite thin flat walls forming the top and bottom thereof, elongated port systems symmetrically arranged in each wall to either side of a diameter parallel to the pivoting axis of the throttle valve towards the periphery thereof, the ports'in one wall lying in'front of the ports in the other and means for admitting the fuel into said chamber.

4. In an atomizer for liquid fuel adapted to be submitted to suction from the admission pipe of a motor fitted with a pivoting throttle valve, the provision of a closed shallow cylindrical mixture chamber, the axis of which is directed towards the throttle valve provided with two opposite thin fiat walls, ports being arranged along separate arcs of a circle formed on either side of a diameter parallel to the pivoting axis of the throttle valve near the periphery of each of said walls for the admission of air and the projection of the mixture of air and fuel respectively, the ports in one wall lying in' front of the ports in the other, means for admitting the fuel into said chamber and vibratory blades arranged in the ports. V

5. In an atomizer for liquid fuel adapted to be submitted to suction from the admission pipe of a motor .including a pivoting throttle valve the provision of a closed mixture chamber the parallel to the pivoting axis of the throttle valve,

the ports in one wall lying in front of the ports in the other and an admission duct for the fuel being provided into said chamber.

YESDIMIR DJ ORDJEVITCH.

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