US2057937A - Gasifying apparatus for heavy fuels - Google Patents

Description

Filed March 18, 1935 s Sheets-Sheet 1 E. COLLA ET AL 2,057,937 GASIFYING APPARATUS FOR HEAVY FUELS Filed March 18, 1955 3 SheetsSheet 2' Fig.4 4 16' 2) I v X Oct. 20, 1936. E. coLLA ET AL GASIFYING APPARATUS FOR HEAVY FUELS s Shets-Sheet :s

Fi1 ed March 18, 1935 Patented Oct. 20, 1936 PATENT OFFICE GASIFYING APPFI lRI'IUS FOR HEAVY U Esteban Colla Application March 18,

4 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in gasifying apparatuses for gas-oil and similar heavy fuels, applicable to explosion motors in general, its chief object consisting in certain 5 useful constructional and operating improvements in this class of apparatuses, these improvements permitting both a considerable increase in. the output of these devicesand the attainment of other evident practical and economical advantages which still further increase the efficiency of the aforementioned apparatuses.

The invention has still further objects in mind which will be disclosed as the present specification proceeds and more particularly be determined in the appended claims. In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily put into practice it has been shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is 'a front view of the apparatus,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the same,

Figure 3 is a horizontal section along line 3-3 of Fig. 1,

Figure 4 is a transversal section along line 4 -4 25 of Fig. 1, and

Figures 5, 6 and '7 are vertical sections, respectively, along lines 55, 6-6 and 'l"l of Fig.2.

In all the figures, the same reference letters and/or numerals indicate corresponding parts.

In the form of construction as illustrated, the apparatus in accordance with the invention comprises essentially two principal bodies A and B suitably joined together and combined one with another in the manner as will be pointed out hereinafter.

The body A chiefly comprises the chamber l, preferably of an elongated shape, wherein the heating of the heavy fuel takes place, the said fuel entering through a lower aperture 2 whereto a pipe is connected which communicates with the fuel tank X The front wall of the said chamber carries a cover 3 bolted or' otherwise fastened to it and provided with an orifice 4 connected with a carburettor Y at the entrance of which a cloth or a wire gauze 5 is disposed in order that it may act as a filter for the heavy fuel issuing from the chamber I. The hot fuel passes to the carburettor through a conduit suitably connected to the orifice 4 of the cover 3. I

The chamber or container 1 is partially or completely surrounded by a second amply proportioned chamber 6 for the circulation of the exhaust gases, the lateral pipes 1 extending therefrom and with the flanges 9 fixed to their inlets 8, both the position and theshape of the said inlets and Umberto Cas'sina, Buenos Aires, Argentina 1935, Serial No. 11,746

and flanges 9 register, respectively, with the corresponding inlets l0 and II provided on the rear body B of the apparatus.

Both, chamber l and chamber 6 for the circulation of the exhaust gases are rearwardly limited 5 by a common plate l2 which acts, at the same time as a partition or diaphragm between the units A and B of the apparatus. The said plate is provided atthe top with an aperture l3 in connection with a chamber l4 formed in the rear structure and from which the pipe l5 extends, the exhaust gases being expelled through this pipe upon having travelled through the inside of .the apparatus.

The rear structure B of the apparatus which, as has been stated, is directly attached to the structure A, is fastened to the latter by a series of bolts It or similar meanswhich are thrust through a flange in the front portion of the apparatus, and by bolts which connect the flanges 9 and I I.

The rear structure B comprises a gasification chamber I! having an elongated form, and is provided with an intake IS in its lower portion whereto the fuel carburettor is connected. Inside of this chamber a series of vanes or blades I9 is disposed which, as will be noted, form together a series of passages with opposed inclinations extending from the center, these passages being alternately interconnected at their medial line 30 and their ends. Thus, the fuel to be gasified, upon leaving the carburettor, is forced to flow in zig-zag, as is indicated by the arrows of Fig. 5.

I The lateral conduits 20 extend from the said chamber l1 and are interconnected with the inlet ports of the motor cylinders through the end inlets 2|.

At the back of the described unit, i. e., behind the gasiflcation chamber ll, another, third chamber 22 is arranged for the circulation of the exhaust gases as they'enter into the apparatus. These gases pass into this chamber through the inlet 23 which communicates with the central motor exhaust conduit, and leave the same 5 through the outlets l0 which, as has been said before, interconnect with the end inlets 8 of the tubes 1 forming an integral part of the front structure A. When the flanges 9 of the structure A join the flanges ll of the structure B, the inlets 8 and III follow one upon the other so that the exhaust gases entering through the inlets 23 of the rear chamber 22 may freely pass through the conduits I, the chamber "6 and, after having passed through the aperture l3 and the upper As may be seen also from the aforementioned figure, the rear chamber 22 is separated from the exhaust chamber M by means of a suitably arranged partition 26. In the aperture 21 of this partition, which connects the chamber 22 to the chamber l 4, a wing-Valve 28 is provided, the same being mounted on a shaft 29 projecting from the apparatus and equipped with an arm 30 by means of which the wing-valve may be givenall kinds of inclinations, that is to say, from the position at which it would close the aperture 27, to that at which it would completely open the passage through the said apparatus. This contrivance allows of regulating the heat transmitted to the gasification chamber I! by means of a larger or smaller stream of exhaust gases which may circulate about the same, determined by the smaller or larger amount of such gases caused to directly pass towards the outlet l4.

As a consequence of the manner in which the unit of the apparatus is arranged, the gasification chamber [1 is subjected to direct heating by the exhaust gases which circulate through the chambers 6 and 22 from which it is separated by the partition I2 as described before, and by the rear partition 3| which separates chamber I! from chamber 22, while this same heating acts also on one of the walls of the conduits 20 through which the gasified fuel fiowsout.

With a view to complete the aforedescribed apparatus, a small pipe 32 extends from the gasification chamber I! which, after passing through the rear and front walls of the chamber 6, issues from the end of the apparatus, while this pipe, at the same time, facilitates the free entrance of the necessary amount of air into the said gasification chamber. Furthermore, a small open pipe 33 is provided which communicates with the inside of the chamber or container I so as to allow of the free escape of any compressed gases that might form in the inside of the same as a consequence of the heating of the fuel.

The operation of this apparatus is extremely simple and will now be described in detail.

The operation of the motor will be initiated, preferably with gasoline sent directly to the carburettor from a convenient tank.

A portion of the motor exhaust gases enters into the apparatus through the inlets 23 and, after travelling through the chamber 22, then passes through the inlets l0, 8, the conduits I, the chamber 6, the aperture I3 and the chamber I4, finally making its exit through the pipe l5. During this travel, the exhaust gases will produce a potent heating in the chambers I and I1 as well as in the conduits 20 from which they are separated by thin partitions. A moment will then arise at which the high temperature created by the gases will be sufiicient to bring about the gasification of the heavy fuel, be it gas-oil or of another nature, whereupon the operation of the motor will be started with this fuel.

The heavy fuel present in the chamber I and which will have been previously heated due to the action of the exhaust gases surrounding the said chamber, after filtering through the wire gauze will pass to the carburettor from which it will pass into the gasification chamber I! through the lower portion. Due to the suction effect of the motor cylinders, the vaporized fuel will pass through the inside of the said chamber I! in the sense as is indicated by the arrows, at the same time undergoing a complete gasification by virtue of the high temperature imparted to it by the exhaust gases which circulate through the adjacent chambers 6 and 22. The fuel so gasified and mixed with the suitable amount of air which enters through the pipe 32, will pass to the conduits 20 and finally flow out through the outlets 2| in order to flow to the cylinder inlet conduit.

The other portion of the gases issuing from the other two exhaust outlets will directly pass through two rear outlets 34 arranged as an extension of the outlets ID, in the passages 8 these gases will mix with those that came from the chamber 22 whereupon they will travel together through the conduits I, the chamber 6, the passages l3 and I4, and flow out through the pipe l5.

It is obvious that various constructional and detail modifications may be introduced without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention which is clearly ascertained in the appended claims.

What we claim is: l

1. A gasifying apparatus for gas-oil and similar heavy fuels, applicable to explosion motors in general, which comprises a front unit having a fuel chamber for the heavy fuel, said chamber being provided with a fuel supply inlet and a fuel outlet for communicating with a carburetor and a heating chamber extending about the fuel chamber and having lateral branch conduits for the entrance of the motor exhaust gases for heating the fuel chamber, said heating chamber being enlarged at its upper portion and having at that point an outlet for the exhaust gases, a rear unit adjacent to the front unit having formed therein a gasification chamber provided with baflles so arranged that a zig-zag travel is imparted to the vaporized fuel entering through the lower portion of the said chamber, said gasification chamber having lateral conduits for communicating with the intake ports of the motor, said second unit having a central chamber arranged at its rear portion and provided with a port for communicating with the central exhaust ports of the motor, this central chamber having lateral conduits communicating with the lateral conduits of the front unit and with the end exhaust ports of the motor, the second unit being so constructed that the gasification chamber lies between walls of the said central chamber of the second unit and the fuel heating chamber of the first unit through which the exhaust gases circulate.

2. A gasifying apparatus, as defined in claim 1, wherein the rear central chamber for the circulation of the exhaust gases is provided at its top with a chamber separated from it by a partition, said separate chamber communicating with the exhaust outlet of the heating chamber of the front unit and in turn having an exhaust outlet, said partition being provided with a port having therein a wing valve operable to regulate the passage thereinto of exhaust gases from the central chamber.

3. A gasifying apparatus for combustion motors of the class described, comprising a body having a fuel receiving chamber, a heating chamber extending about the fuel chamber and a gasification chamber into which the fuel is fed, a passage for the exhaust gases of the motor in said body extending'to the heating chamber for leading the exhaust gases of the motor about the same to heat the fuel therein and to heat a wall of the gasification chamber, a second passage for exhaust gases of the motor for leading said exhaust gases into contact with another wall of the, gasification chamber and into the heating chamber, said fuel and gasification chambers having fuel inlet ports adapted to communicate with the carburetor and a common exhaust outlet for the exhaust gases.

4. A gasifying apparatus for combustion motors of the class described, comprising a body having a fuel receiving chamber, a heating chamber extending about the fuel chamber and a gasification chamber into which the fuel is fed, a passage for the exhaust gases of the motor in said body extending to the heating chamber for leading the exhaust gases of the motor about the same to heat the fuel therein and to heat a wall of the gasification chamber, a second passage for exhaust gases of the motor for leading said exhaust gases into contact with another wall of the gasification chamber and into the heating chamber, said fuel and gasification chambers having fuel inlet ports adapted to communicate with the carburetor, a common exhaust outlet for the exhaust gases and means for shunting exhaust gases from the second passage direct to the exhaust outlet.

ESTEBAN COLLA.

UMBERTO CASSINA.

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