US20565A - Improvement in tanning leather - Google Patents
Improvement in tanning leather Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20565A US20565A US20565DA US20565A US 20565 A US20565 A US 20565A US 20565D A US20565D A US 20565DA US 20565 A US20565 A US 20565A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- skins
- improvement
- leather
- named
- tanning leather
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 235000020127 ayran Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000006226 Areca catechu Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000005368 Areca catechu Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000404068 Cotula Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N Tannin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H]2O)O1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
Definitions
- the hair of the skin is removed in the ordinary manner by immersion in the lime-vat and the use of the knife and beam; but skins may be tanned by my process without removing the hair. In this latter case they should be soaked in water till they are soft and pliable and worked ofi upon the flesh side.
- skins are prepared in the lime-vat, instead of using a bate-vat (composed of a solution of hen-dung) for neutralizing the lime, I use the following-named preparation
- To thirty gallons of soft water 1 add one pound of common sulphuric acid, six pounds of common salt, and one bushel of wheat-bran. These proportions should be very nearly preserved, though they may be slightly varied without materially changing the results.
- the ingredients named should be wellstirred togetherin a suitable vessel, and as many skins immersed therein as the liquid will conveniently cover, where they should remain from six to twelve hours, according to the thickness of the skin. Frequent handling in this solution is beneficial. The skins should then be taken out of the solution and worked off on the beam in the usual manner, and they will be ready for the tan.
- the tauliquor is prepared in the following manner.
- Theproportions named should also be very nearly preserved, though no injury would result from slight variations:
- the skins when thus placed in this last-named preparation, should be frequently stirred or handled. Frequent exposure to the air hastens the process of tanning.
- the time required to convert the skins into leather will vary according to the thickness of the skins and the strength of the tan. With a strength of liquor herein named sheep-skins will become well tanned in from three to six hours at a temperature of 70 Fahrenheit. Calf-skins require from three to six days, and hides for heavy leather will become tanned in from ten to fifteen days. Sole and harness require about twenty days.
- Terra-japonica may be used without the 'maruta in the following proportions: To fifteen gallons of soft water add twelve pounds of terra-japonica, one and three-fourth pounds of alum, one and a half pounds of common salt; but I prefer the ingredients and the proportions herein previously named, as it gives the leather a finer color than would be given by either alone; or any other coloring-matter may be added that will not precipitate the tannin of the liquid.
- Aathemis cotala or any other species of marata, either separate or mixed with terra-japonica in any proportion, or combined with alum and common salt, or their chemical equivalents, in the manner and for the purpose set forth, not intending, however, to confine myselfto the exact proportions herein named.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
H. G. JOHNSON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.
IMPROVEMENT IN TANNING LEATHER.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 20,565, dated June 15, 1858.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HORACE Gr. JOHNSON, of Cleveland, in the county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful improvements in the process of preparing the hides of animals for the tan and tanning the same into leather and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description of the process and materials employed therein.
The hair of the skin is removed in the ordinary manner by immersion in the lime-vat and the use of the knife and beam; but skins may be tanned by my process without removing the hair. In this latter case they should be soaked in water till they are soft and pliable and worked ofi upon the flesh side. When skins are prepared in the lime-vat, instead of using a bate-vat (composed of a solution of hen-dung) for neutralizing the lime, I use the following-named preparation To thirty gallons of soft water 1 add one pound of common sulphuric acid, six pounds of common salt, and one bushel of wheat-bran. These proportions should be very nearly preserved, though they may be slightly varied without materially changing the results. The ingredients named should be wellstirred togetherin a suitable vessel, and as many skins immersed therein as the liquid will conveniently cover, where they should remain from six to twelve hours, according to the thickness of the skin. Frequent handling in this solution is beneficial. The skins should then be taken out of the solution and worked off on the beam in the usual manner, and they will be ready for the tan.
The tauliquor is prepared in the following manner. Theproportions named should also be very nearly preserved, though no injury would result from slight variations: To one gallon of strong decoction of Aathemz's cotula, of Linnaeus, (Maruta cotala of modern botanists,) one pound of the dry herb to a gallon of water, I add onefourth of a pound of catechu or terra-japonica, two ounces of alum, and two ounces of common salt. This mixture I stir well together,
and immerse in it the skins or hides in the same condition that they came from the beam, as hereinbefore mentioned. The skins, when thus placed in this last-named preparation, should be frequently stirred or handled. Frequent exposure to the air hastens the process of tanning. The time required to convert the skins into leather will vary according to the thickness of the skins and the strength of the tan. With a strength of liquor herein named sheep-skins will become well tanned in from three to six hours at a temperature of 70 Fahrenheit. Calf-skins require from three to six days, and hides for heavy leather will become tanned in from ten to fifteen days. Sole and harness require about twenty days.
Terra-japonica may be used without the 'maruta in the following proportions: To fifteen gallons of soft water add twelve pounds of terra-japonica, one and three-fourth pounds of alum, one and a half pounds of common salt; but I prefer the ingredients and the proportions herein previously named, as it gives the leather a finer color than would be given by either alone; or any other coloring-matter may be added that will not precipitate the tannin of the liquid.
Vhen the skins are sufficiently tanned they should be placed upon a hurdle over the vat to drain, and then smoothed out upon a table and hung up in a cool place to dry. The finishing can be done in the ordinary manner.
WhatI claim as my improvement, and de sire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
The use of the Aathemis cotala, or any other species of marata, either separate or mixed with terra-japonica in any proportion, or combined with alum and common salt, or their chemical equivalents, in the manner and for the purpose set forth, not intending, however, to confine myselfto the exact proportions herein named.
HORACE G. JOHNSON.
Witnesses:
J. S. DOUGLAS, J. BRAINERD.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20565A true US20565A (en) | 1858-06-15 |
Family
ID=2085605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US20565D Expired - Lifetime US20565A (en) | Improvement in tanning leather |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20565A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050242904A1 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-03 | Markus Lutz | Method for adjusting the frequency of a MEMS resonator |
-
0
- US US20565D patent/US20565A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050242904A1 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-03 | Markus Lutz | Method for adjusting the frequency of a MEMS resonator |
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