US2045691A - Pulverizer - Google Patents

Description

June 3o, 1936. w. J. ARMSTRONG 2,045,691

PULVERIZER Filed April 16, 1932 NVENTOR:

ATT'Y Patented June 30, 1936 4UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcr.

to The Jeirey Manufac poration of Ohio Company, a cor- Application April 16, 1932, Serial No. 605,689

' 18 Claims.

My invention relates to pulverizers and one of its objects is the provision of a breaker plate mounted in floating position to dislodge therefrom material which tends to adhere theretoi Another object of the invention is the provision of a spring-pressed floating breaker plate for pulverizers combined with ejector mechanism distributed over the face of the breaker plate.

Other objects of the invention will appear here-v inafter, the novel features being set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing,

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation o f a pulverizer or Acrusher with my improved breaker plate and l5 ejector mechanism applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the face of the breaker plate and of the ejector devices distributed over the face of said plate; and

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of a broken away v portion of Fig. 1, taken on the line 3 3.

In Fig. l I have shown a rotary crusher or pulverizer of the swing hammer type but it should be understood that other types of rotary crushers or pulverizers may have my improvements applied thereto. In Fig. l the frame 4 is provided with a hopper 5 for receiving the material to be crushed or pulverized by the rotary mechanism comprising the discs 6 and the swinging hammers I pivoted on the rods 8 which are spaced circumferentially from each other and radially from the rotary shaft 9. Arranged in a semi-circumference are the spaced grate bars I0 mounted in parallel relationv to the shaft 9 and cooperating with the swinging hammers 'I to shear the. material in order to shred or pulverize the same, the comminuted material then falling through the spaces between the bars III in a well known manner.

When a rotary crusher, pulverizer or shredder is operated to reduce materials which have a tendency to adhere to, build up or pack on the breaker plate, there is a tendency to unduly obstruct or clog the passageway or opening in the hopper 5, thereby reducing the capacity of the machine or stalling the same. Such tendency will .take place 5 when'the material to be reduced is entirely of a soft sticky nature and when the material to be reduced contains a percentage of soft sticky material such as clay which is found in many quarries mixed with limestone, shale, etc.

To overcome this tendency I have provided a vertical floating breaker plate II with mechanism associated therewith to prevent the sticky mate-V Y rial thrown against such plate from building up or packing thereon. When the rotary mecha- 55 nism of the crusher, pulverizer or shredder moves in the direction of the arrow I2 the mixture of the material introduced into the hopper 5 will be thrown against the breaker plate II to facilitate its dropping onto the inclined face I3 at the lower end of the breaker plate in position for crushing 5 and pulverizing operations as the swinging hammers 'I' successively pass the enlarged lower end I4 of the breaker plate.

The vertical breaker plate II is provided with guide plates I5, I5 and I6, I6 which are secured to the breaker platev I I at the ends thereof as shown in Fig. 2 in position to slide horizontally in thev guide grooves I1, I8 in the walls I9 of the frame of the pulverizer. The breaker plate II is therefore mounted for a limited movement transversely of itself relative to the frame of the machine.

Pivoted at 20 to the frame of the machine is an auxiliary supporting frame 2l which is provided with a multiplicity of distributed pins 22 secured rigidly to the auxiliary frame 2l by means of the nuts 23. The pins 22 project through a corresponding set of perforations in the breaker plate y II. Between the breaker plate II and the auxiliary frame 2I on each of the pins 22 is mounted a spring 24. IBy means of the adjusting mechanism shown at 25 the auxiliary frame 2| may be swung on its pivot 20 to adjust the position of the I breaker plate I I relative to the swinging hammers of the rotary crusher.

l It will thus be seen that the breaker plate II is backed by resilient springs 24 and that the breaker plate is supported so as to float freely during the operation of the crusher. When the heavier and harder portions, such as stone, of the mixture introduced into the hopper 5, strike against the vertical breaker plate II the impact effects a continuous backward and forward movement or vibration of the breaker plate which will result in throwing back from the breaker plate II the soft sticky material such as clay which tends toA adhere thereto.

When the impact of the heavier portions of the mixture causes backward movement of the breaker plate I I against the action of the springs 24 the *ejector pins 22 will be moved outwardly relatively to the face of the breaker plate I I thereby acting to push oil. adhering material accumulated on the face of the breaker plate II; or the action of the ejector pins 22 when the plate II is moved rearwardly may be such as to distort the clinging, accumulated material on the face of the plate II sulciently to permit its being dislodged from the plate by subsequent impact of stone or other hard material flying against the face of the breaker plate I I.

As shown in the sectional plan view of Fig. 3 the auxiliary supporting frame 2| may be provided with the end plates 28, 26 extending transversely of the bearings 20', 20 which are located at the pivot illustrated at 20 in Fig. 1. The guide plates I5 and I6 at the lateral ends of the breaker plate II may extend into horizontal slots or guide grooves in the plates 26 instead of guide grooves I1 and I8 in the walls of the frame of the machine. The spring-pressed breaker plate II and the ejector mechanism distributed over the face of such plate will thus be mounted entirely on the auxiliary frame 2i so as to become a unit therewith separate from the frame of the machine. 'Ihis arrangement facilitates adjustment of the breaker plate on the pivot 20 by means of the adjusting mechanism 25 and also facilitates removal of the breaker plate for renewal or repair and for renewal or repair or adjustment of the springs 24 and the ejector pins 22.

It should also be understood that since the multiplicity of pins 22 are xed rigidly to the support and distributed over the impact face of the breaker plate II, as shown in Fig. 2, such pins co-operate with the impact face in the breaking of the harder portions of the material when thrown against the face plate and the projecting ends of the pins by rotation of the rotary element of the reducing mechanism, as shown by the arrow at I2 in Fig. 1. That is to say,I the pins 22 act not only as ejectors as hereinbefore explained but also as breaking pins distributed over the impact area of the breaking plate. While the breaker plate II is yielding by reason of the springs 24 andthe mounting of the plate for limited vibratory movement relatively to the support and transversely of itself, the ejector pins 22 always remain in fixed positions rigidly connected to the support, as shown in Figs.` 1 and 3.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as dened by the claims hereto appended and I wish therefore not to be restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a crusher, the combination with crushing mechanism, of an adjustable supporting frame, an impact plate on said frame to move therewith and relatively thereto, resilient means uniformly distributed over the back face of said plate includingthe central portion thereof for causing said plate to vibrate during operation of said crushing mechanism, and mounting means for the resilient means projecting through the plate and extending beyond the front face of the plate while being uniformly distributed over the area thereof and being movable relatively to the plate as the plate vibrates, the said mounting means forming ejector devices for dislodging from the plate particles of material tending to adhere thereto.

2. In a crusher, the combination with a frame, oi' crushing mechanism supported thereby, a breaker plate associated with said crushing mechanism, and a multiplicity of pins distributed over the face of said plate including the central portion thereof, said plate being movable relative to said frame to vary the extent of projection from said plate of said pins toward said crushing mechanism.

3. The combination with a plate for Crushers, of a pivotedgframe for supporting said breaker plate, mechanism for moving saidl frame on its pivot to adjust the position of said breaker plate, and a plurality ofejecting devices comprising pins projecting through holes in said breaker plate, and means separate from said pins for limiting the movements of said plate transverse of itself relatively to said pins.

4. In a crusher, the combination with crushing mechanism,v of a. yielding impact plate, and means comprising a multiplicity of pins projecting through said plate and distributed over the face thereof including its central portion for automatically removing material therefrom.

5. In a crusher, the combination with crushing mechanism, of an impact plate, means for supporting said plate for vibration, and mechanism comprising a plurality of pins projecting through spaced-apart openings in said plate to move with respect thereto and thereby to remove material therefrom, the projecting portion of each pin having the same cross-sectional area throughout as that portion in the corresponding opening in said plate.

6. In a crusher, the combination with crushing mechanism, of an impact plate, a plurality of ejectors tting corresponding holes in said plate and distributed over the face thereof, and means supporting said plate for relative movement between said ejectors and said plate to effect intermittent projection of the ejectors from the face of said plate to remove material therefrom, each ejector being of uniform cross-sectional area from its outer end to where it extends back of said plate.

7. In crusher apparatus, the combination with crushing mechanism, of an impact plate having a plurality of holes extending through the same, a plurality of stationary ejectors adapted to extend through said holes during normal operation of said crusher, said plate being slidable over the outer ends of said ejectors by reason of the distribution of said holes corresponding to the distribution of said ejectors, means for supporting said plate for a limited vibratory movement relatively to said ejectors, and resilient means acting on said plate to restore the same after being moved relatively to said ejectors by impact of .material to be crushed.

8. In crusher apparatus, the combination with crushing mechanism, of a support, a plurality of distributed ejectors, a plurality of springs one associated with each of said ejectors, an impact plate having distributed holes to adapt said plate for sliding into place over the outer ends of said ejectors, and mechanism separate and independent of said ejectors fonlimiting the sliding movement of said plate toward the outer ends of said ejectors by said springs.

9. In crusher apparatus, the combination with crushing mechanism, of a'support, spring-cushioned impact receiving means, ejector mechanism, means for mounting said impact receiving means and said ejector mechanism on said support in co-operative relation whereby the voperation of said ejector mechanism is dependent upon the spring-cushioned structure of said impact receiving means, and mechanism separate and independent of said ejector mechanism for guiding said impact receiving means for limited movements transversely of itself.

10. In crusher apparatus, the combination with a stationary support, of a breaker plate spaced therefrom, cylindrical ejectors fixed to said support and projecting through cylindrical holes distributed over said breaker plate, each of said cylindrical ejectors having the same cross-sectional area from said support to the outer end thereof, springs between said support and the back of said plate, and means separate and independent of said ejectors for hunting the movement of said plate relatively to said support.

11. In crusher apparatus, the combination with a stationary support, of a breaker plate spaced therefrom, a plurality of distributed ejector pins fixed to said support and projecting through perforations in said plate, distributed springs between the back of said plate and said support, each ejector pin having the same cross-sectional area from its outer end to that portion extending rearwardly from the back of the plate, and mechanism separate and independent of said ejector pins for limiting the movement of said plate relatively to said support.

12. In a crusher, the combination with crushing mechanism, of an impact plate, resilient means distributed over the back of the plateI in position to press thereon, relatively'statlonary ejector means extending through the plate and closely distributed over the area of the plate, and means associated with opposite edges of the plate for limiting the forward movement of the plate toward the crushing mechanism.

13. Crusher apparatus comprising the combination with an auxiliary supporting frame, of a multiplicity of distributed pins secured rigidly to the auxiliary frame, a breaker plate having a set of perforations therethrough corresponding to the said pins and through which the said pins project, and a resilient spring around each pin between the breaker plate and auxiliary frame for floatingly supporting the breaker plate, the breaker plate having a substantially smooth, fiat surface, the said pins dislodging materials adhering to the breaker plate as the breaker plate is vibrated under impact of heavy particles of materials projected thereagainst.

i4. Crusher apparatus comprising the combination with a support, of a spring-pressed breaker plate carried by the support, and a multiplicity of ejector pins rigidly mounted on the support and projecting through the breaker plate, the ejector pins being uniformly closely distributed over the area of the plate and being moved relatively to the plate as the latter is vibrated under action of impacts of heavy particles of materials projected thereagainst, the pins moving outwardly relatively to the face of the plate as the plate is moved backwardly against the action of the springs, and thereby acting to push of! adhering material accumulated on the face of the breaker plate.4

15. Crusher apparatus comprising the combination with a frame, of breaking mechanism therein, an auxiliary frame adjustably mounted relative to the breaking mechanism, a springpressed breaker plate, and closely spaced ejector mechanism extending through the plate and uniformly distributed over the face thereof, the said breaker plate and ejector mechanism being mounted entirely on the auxiliary frame and forming a unit therewith separate from the frame of the machine. l

16. Crusher apparatus comprising the combination with a support, of a breaker plate mounted thereon for limited vibratory movement relatively theretotransversely of itself, a plurality of spaced-apart pins rigidly mounted on said support and projecting through perforations distributed over said breaker plate including the central portion thereof, and means for eifecting such vibratory movement of said breaker plate while said pins when projecting through and beyond said plate are themselves distributed in 0 breaking positions over substantially the whole impact area. engaged by the material to be crushed.

17. Crusher apparatus comprising the combi- I nation with a support, of a breaker plate carried by said support for limited movement relatively thereto transversely of itself, a plurality of spaced-apart breaker pins rigidly mounted on said support in relatively fixed positions and adapted to project through perforations distributed over said breaker plate into breaking positions in co-operation therewith, and means for effecting reciprocation of said breaker plate during operation of the crusher to vary the extent of projection of said pins beyond the impact face of said breaker plate into breaking positions.

18. Crusher apparatus comprising the combination with a support, of a breaker platey carried by said support for limited movement relatively 4 thereto, a plurality of spaced-apart pins mounted on said support and projecting through perforations distributed over said breaker plate including the central portion thereof, and resilient means acting on said breaker plate to restore the same to a predetermined position relativeA to said support and relative to said pins after being moved relatively to said support by impact of materials thrown against the plate. WALTER J. ARMSTRONG.

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