US2031051A - Automatic chucking machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 1s, 193e.

A. J. LEWIS AUTOMATIC CHUCKING MACHINE Filed Jan. 25, 1933 '7 Sheets-Sheet l BY//x Feb. 18, 1936.

A. J. LEWIS AUTOMATIC CHUCKING MACHINE Filed Jan. 26, 1933 7 sheets-sheet 2 12s 99 zzz IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 18, 159%.

A. J. LEWIS 2,031,053

AUTOMATIC CHUCKING MACHINE Filed Jan. 25, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. ARTHUR J EW/S TTORNEYS.

Feb. 18, 1935. A J. LEW|5 2,031,051

AUTOMATIC CHUCKING MACHINE Filed Jan. 26, 1933 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 94 A, i 155 e1 14a,

f 154 la l 1046 i/ 1f Y 13b 126 g f I I 156 5 @w o A JNVENTOR.

ARTHUR L1 Ew/5 Fe. 18, 1936. A. J. LEWIS AUTOMATIC C HUGKING MACHINE Filed Jan. 26, 1955 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENToR. A/T/-lU/ d LEWIS 'ATTORNEYS Feb. 18, 1936. A. J. I Ewls AUTOMATIC CHUCKING MACHINE `Filed Jan. 26, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR. ARTHUR u.. fw/s 1W ZI A TITORN I lll EVS. g

Feb. 18, 1936. A. J. LEWIS AUTOMATIC GHUCKING MACHINE .Filed Jan. 26, 193,3

'7' Sheets-Sheet 7 ill-l5 INVENTOR. ARTHUR d. LfW/J TTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 18, 1936 UNETES STATE-S ATENT @FFQE AUTOMATIC CHUCKING -MACHINE Application January 26, 1933, Serial No. 653,641

34 Claims.

This invention relates to automatic chucking machines in which a plurality of tools operate simultaneously and successively upon a corresponding number of pieces of work.

More particularly, the present invention is concerned with improvements in chucking machines of the type in which a rotary turret carrying a circular series of rotary work holders indexes relatively to a tool carriage to present the pieces of work successively to a series of tools carried by the tool carriage and simultaneously actuated by cams into and out of cooperative relation with the correspondingpieces of work during the dwell periods of the turret, certain of the tools being arranged longitudinally of the work while other tools are arranged transversely of the work.

In accordance with the present invention a vertical automatic chucking machine is provided which is distinctive in that the center column carrying the rotary turret and longitudinal tool slides is anked by a pair of opposite vertical columns, each having two transverse slides on opposite sides for appropriate tools which are reciprocated into and out of cooperative relation with pieces of work located at the four corresponding tooling stations, and this movement of the transverse tool slides takes place concurrently with a reciprocating movement of the longitudinal tool slides to bring the tools thereof into and out of cooperative relation with the same pieces of work.

Another feature of the invention is the mechanism whereby the longitudinal and transverse tool slides are reciprocated. The transverse tool slides mounted on each vertical side column are reciprocated by individual cams mounted on a continuously rotating shaft arranged within the corresponding side column and these vertical side shafts, through intermittent driving gears, oscillate a rotary cam drum having individual cams for reciprocating the longitudinal tool slides, each of the cams for the transverse and longitudinal tool slides being constructed to cause the corresponding tools to perform movements commensurate with the particular tooling operations required of them.

The invention also includes as a feature a common mechanism which performs the dual function of opening the work holders or chucks presented successively to the loading station for unloading and reloading, and of connecting the work holder or chuck spindles located at the tooling stations to the driving mechanism at the end of each indexing movement of the work-holding turret and disconnecting these spindles from the driving mechanism to permit the turret to index,

This mechanism includes a single cam at the top of the machine which reciprocates a rod extend-- ing through the center column of the machine and connected tothe devices for engaging and actuating the opening mechanism of the chucks located at the loading station and also to clutchturret elects the disconnection of the chuckopening devices and chuck-driving mechanism to permit the turret to index to present successive chucks to the loading and tooling stations and to the corresponding chuck-opening and driving K devices.

The driving mechanism of the work holder or chuck spindles located at the tooling stations is also one of the features of the invention and includes a drive shaft extending through the center column of the machine, driven by variable speed driving gearing at the top of the machine and connected at its lower end through individual adjustable speed gear trains to the corresponding coupling devices of the chucks located at tooling stations. With this arrangement, the speed of rotation of all of the chucks as well as the speed of rotation of the individual chucks may be varied at will to be commensurate with the tooling operations to be performed on the pieces of work carried by the chucks.

A further feature of the invention is the mechanism whereby the work-holding turret is indexed to present the pieces of work carried in the chucks thereof successively to the tooling stations. 'I'his mechanism includes an indexing disc mounted on one of the vertical side shafts and having pawls which periodically engage turret abutments so arranged that the shock of engagement thereof by the pawls is reduced and the massive turret is gradually brought up to rapid indexing speed and as gradually brought to rest upon completion of the indexing movement, despite the inertia and momentum of the turret. Simply by changing the number of indexing pawls and the cam of a corresponding turret locking device, the machine may be converted from single-indexing to double-indexing and vice versa.

Other features of the invention include safety mechanism automatically operative to stop the machine in response to improper loading of the work in the chucks, failure of the operator to remove finished work, and delayed operation of the chuck loading and unloading devices; means for backing up or reversing the rotation of the turret for recutting a piece of work, removing a defective piece of Work, test cutting, and the like; the spillway arrangement of the tool lubricant trough causing the lubricant to flush the chips from the operating part of the machine; and other novel arrangements described in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of the automatic chucking machine of this invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical section through the machine;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the driving mechanism at the top of the machine as seen along the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a vertical section through the driving mechanism as seen along line 4 5 of Fig' ure 3;

Figure 5 is a transverse section through the base of the machine as seen along the line 5-5 of Figure 2 and illustrates the arrangement of the driving gear train of the individual chuck spindles and the chuck opening mechanism at the loading station;

Figure 6 is an enlarged vertical section through the chuck opening mechanism at the loading station;

Figure '7 is a transverse section through the machine as seen along the line 1 1 of Figure 2, and illustrates the arrangement and relationship of the longitudinal and transverse tool slides;

Figure 8 is an enlarged vertical section of the turret indexing and locking mechanism;

Figure 9 is a transverse section through the upper end of the center column as seen along the line 9 9 of Figure 2, and illustrates the structure of the oscillating cam drum for the longitudinal tool slides and the work locators;

Figure 10 is a vertical section through one of the transverse tool slides and the actuating mechanism therefor, as seen along the line I--I 0 of Figure 7 Figure 1l is an enlarged vertical section through the left-hand side column as seen along the line Il--H of Figure 7, and illustrates the cams and other mechanism for reciprocating the transverse tool slides;

Figure 12 is a transverse section through the longitudinal tool slide oscillating drive mechanism, as seen along the line l21-I2 of Figure 2 and illustrates the condition of the mechanism when the longitudinal tool slides lie in retracted position;

Figure 13 illustrates the condition of the mechanism when the longitudinal tool slides lie in advanced position; c

Figure 14 is a perspective view of the control mechanism of the machine;

Figure 15 is an enlarged cross section through the detent disc of the safety stop mechanism of the control mechanism as seen along the line |5-l5 of Figure 16;

Figures 16 and 17 illustrate two conditions of the safety stop mechanism of the control mechanism, the former showing the stopping of the machine in the event that the work is not properly seated in the chucks, and the latter the stopping of the machine in the event that the operator fails to act at the proper time to unload and reload the chucks at the loading station; and

Figure 18 is a vertical section through the chip disposal trough, as seen along the line l8-l8 of Figure l.

Referring to Figure 2 of these drawings, numeral 2i! designates the base of the machine on which is supported the central column 2i and the apron 22, which supports side columns 23 and 24, which in turn support the driving mechanism housing 25 having a cover plate 26.

The driving mechanism Located within housing 25 at the tcp of the machine is `the main driving mechanism, which is driven by an electric motor 2l supported on the top of the driving mechanism housing 25 and adjustable thereon in accordance with standard practice by means of adjusting screws 28. A plurality of belts 2S pass over the sheave 30 of the motor 2l and a sheave 3l secured on the end of horizontal cross shaft 32 suitably journaled on the base i2 in the driving mechanism housing 25, as shown particularly in Figures 3 and 4. Keyed on cross shaft 32 is a bevel gear 33 which drives bevel gear 34 secured on horizontal shaft 35. A high speed clutch 31 is mounted on the iaft 35, one element of which is connected to spur gear 36 and the other element of which is connected to the collar 38 slidable on shaft 35 and is engaged by yoke 39 mounted on shifter rod 45, the axial movement of which effects the engagement and disengagement of clutch 3l. Movement of rod il to the left, as seen in Figure 3, engages the clutch 3l, and movement of rod to the right effects the disengagement of clutch 3l. Shifter rod 5G is engaged by one end of a bell crank lll pivoted on the bas-e 42 of the driving mechanism and having a roller 43 at its other end, which is adapted to engage successive cams Eli and 55 mounted on cam disc 46 carrying Worm wheel lll and secured on the upper end of shaft 48 extending through right-hand column 24 and journaled at 453 and 5I) in the housing Z5 and right-hand column 24, respectively.

The spur gear 36 is connected to the driven element of clutch 3l, and meshes with a spur having a spur pinion 53 meshing with spur gear l 64, carrying the worm which drives worm wheel 58 at reduced speed. When main clutch 53 is engaged and high speed clutch 3l is disengaged, worm wheel 58 drives shaft 515 at low speed. When high speed clutch 3'! is engaged, worm wheel 58 continues to rotate because it is directly driven from main drive shaft 35, but in that case ratchet wheel 55 is not driven by pawl 53 but over-runs it, since it is driven at higher speed, the pawl 56 clicking idly over the teeth of ratchet wheel 55. The high speed drive of shaft 543 is effected through high speed clutch 3l, spur gears 35 and 52, clutch 53 and shaft 54.

Clutch 53 is the control clutch for the machine through which the high speed and low speed drives take place, but a second clutch 55 is provided on shaft 5 for effecting the reverse drive thereof independently of clutch 53, the latter being disengagedY when reverse clutch 65 is enby a collar S splined on shaft 54. When the collar S6 is in its left-hand position, as seen in Figure 4, to engage clutch 53, clutch 65 is disengaged, and when collar 66 is moved to its righthand position, as seen in Figure 4, reverse clutch 55 is engaged and the main clutch 53 is disengaged. The driving portion of clutch 65 is connected to spur gear 81 which, through reversing idler gear 68 is driven continuously by pinion 69 secured on main drive shaft 35. Clutch collar 55 is connected by yoke l0 to shifter rod 1| pivoted on the end of crank 12 mounted on horizontal shaft 'F3 journaled in housing 25 and projecting from opposite sides thereof, as is illustrated in Figures 3 and 14. Connected to the projecting end of shaft 73 at the front of the machine is a lever 'i4 having a horizontal handle bar 'l5 at its free end, the other end of which is carried by a lever 1S suitably journaled at its opposite end on a pin 'il in the housing 25, A handle bar 13, similar to handle l5 is located at the rear ci the machine and is also connected to shaft 'i3 so that the main clutch 53 and reverse clutch 65 be operated from either the front or the rear of the machine. Thus, by moving handle 15 or 'ES to the right, as seen in Figures 3 and 14, main clutch 53 is engaged to drive the mechanism at either high or low speed, depending upon whether or not cams lill and 45 hold clutch 31 in engaged or disengaged position, and, by moving handle 'l5 to the left, main clutch 53 is disengaged and reverse clutch 35 is engaged to reverse the rotation of shaft 56 and the parts of the machine driven thereby.

The right-hand end of shaft 5A carries the worm i9 which meshes with and drives righthand worm wheel ll'i mounted on the cam disc i6 of the vertical cam shaft i5 in right-hand side column 24. The opposite or left-hand end of shaft 5a is fitted with worm 80, of opposite pitch to that of worm i9, which meshes with worm wheel 8| securedon cam disc 82 keyed on vertical cam shaft S3 extending through left-hand side cohimn 23 and journaled at its upper end in ing S4 of housing 25 and at its lower end in hearings S5 and 85 in base 29. When the machine is running in the normal forward direction, right-hand cam shaft 4S rotates in a counterciockwise direction and left-hand cam shaft 83 rotates in a clockwise direction.

The turret Journaled on bushings 3'! on central column 2i and sup-ported on a rail 83 on base 253 is the work-holding turret S9.

Mounted on the turret is a circular series of rotary work-holding chucks 90 of conventional design and arranged to rigidly hold a piece of work while the tooling operations are performed thereon. These chucks S@ are each mounted on a vertical spindle Si iournaled in bearings 92 and SS. The lower end of each spindle Q! is fitted with one element Siri of a crown jaw clutch, the other element S5 of which is mounted on the upper end of the vertical drive shaft S5 journaled in bearings 9i in the base 2i? and axially slidable with these hearings. Each spindle drive shaft 9S is urged toward clutch-engaging position by a coil spring 96'. Accordingly, when shaft $5 is moved downwardly its clutch element 95 .disengages spindle clutch element 94, and when two chucks 5B, which are positioned at any one time at the front of the machine or loading station, a spindle drive shaft @t is provided for each of the chucks 90. Thus, as in the particular machine illustrated, if there are eight chucks, there are six spindle drive shafts 95, so that during each tooling period six of the eight chucks are driven while two of them, that is, the two located at the loading station at the front of the machine, are not driven but remain stationary for removal and replacement of work.

As shown in Figures 2 and 5, each spindle drive shaft 96 is fitted with a spur gear 9S meshing with a pinion 99 secured on a stub shaft ite, suitably journaled on base 28 and carrying spur gear IGI, which meshes with spur gear |02 se'- cured on the lower end of hollow shaft lii extending upwardly through center column 2| and journaled therein in bearings |04. The upper end of shaft |03 projects into driving mechanism housing and carries the bevel gear |65 which is driven by bevel pinion 96 mounted on horizontal stub shaft |01 journaled in base i2 of the driving mechanism. The other end of stub shaft |01 carries spur gear |88 which meshesI with spur pinion |09 keyed on jack shaft H0 having splined thereon a series of spur gears l of different diameters, which are shiftable along shaft so as to mesh with corresponding gears |12 mounted on drive shaft 32 and conncctible thereto by means of clutch H3. Simply by shifting the splined gears along shaft ||D to change the driving relationship between them and gears H2, the speed of rotation of all of the workholding chucks SB may be conveniently varied.

'I'he release collar H4 of chuck spindle clutch H3 is connected by yoke H5 to shifter rod H6, which is controlled by cam and Il of righthand cam disc i6 through bell crank i i8 pivoted on the base 42 of the driving mechanism. The

action of cam Hi' is synchronized with the turret-indexing mechanism to be described, and operates to disengage clutch I3, so as to stop rotation of the chucks SG immediately prior to each indexing movement of the turret to facilitate disengagement of their clutches .S4-$5, and cam ii'i acts to again restore the rotation of chucks 99 for the tooling operations immediately after each indexing movement of the turret is completed.

Not only may the speed of rotation of all of the work-holding chucksY iii) loev adjusted at will by shifting gears in the manner described, but the speed of rotation of individual chucks with respect to the other chucks may be lvaried tosuit particular tooling requirements. Thus, fo-r one tooling operation it may be desirable or necessary to rotate the work at a higher speed, such as for fine cutting, than is necessary when a rough cutting tooling operation is required. To this end, spur gears 9B and 9G arereplaceable by gears of different diameters, so that one chuck spindle may have gearing providing a different speed ratio than other chucks, as is indicated in Figure 5 by the varying diameters of the driving gears of certain of the chuck spindles. These gears are readily accessible for changing through openings on the base 2u covered by removable cover plates |9 at the front and rear of the machine, as indicated in Figure l, while speed change gears iii in the driving mechanism housing 25 are also readily accessible by lifting the cover plate 26.

The drive of the chuck spindles Sii is eected from shaft 32 through clutch H3, one of the gears ||2 meshed with the corresponding gear jack shaft Hl), spur gears |39 and |58, shaft |01, bevel pinion |06, bevel gear |35, vertical column shaft |93, spur gears |32, S9 and Q8, drive shaft 96 of each chuck spindle except those located at the loading station, engaged clutch 94-95 and the chuck spindle of corresponding chuck 90.

Each of the drive shafts 96 of the chuck spindles 9| is supported at its lower end in a yoke |23 pi'voted intermediate the ends of a lever |2|, which is in turn pivoted at one end on a horizontal pin |22 secured on the base 2U, as illustrated in Figures 2 and 5. The free end |23 of each of the levers |2| engages the upper disc |25 of the spool formed by spaced discs |24 and |25 mounted 0n the lower end of a rod |24 slidable through hollow vertical shaft |93 in the center column 2| of the machine.

The upper end of rod |26 is tted with the lock |27, which is engaged by one end |28 of lever |29 pivoted on a bracket |33 of driving mechanism base 42 and provided at its other end with a roller |3| which follows the contour of crown cam |32 mounted on left-hand cam disc 82, as illustrated in Figure 2. Crown cam |32 is synchronized with the turrent indexing mechanism to be described, so that just prior to each indexing movement of turret 89, cam |32 lowers rod |23 to move chuck spindle drive shaft levers |2| downwardly against the tension of springs 96 to disengage jaw clutches 94 and 35 and permit the indexing of the turret. Immediately upon completion of each indexing movement of the turret, cam |32 raises rod |25 so as to allow springs 96 to engage each of the chuck spindle clutches 94 and 35 and permit the restoration of the rotation of the chucks 3i! by cam ||1 in a manner previously described. During the vertical movement of each of the clutch shafts 95, as effected by cam |32, the teeth of the gears 98 thereof slide through the teeth of meshing pinions 9S with a splining action.

Located in alignment with the two chuck spindles 9| which are located at the loading station at the front of the machine is a pair of push pins |33, each of which is seated in a tubular rod |34 slidable through a bushing |35 in the base 2D and adjustably threaded at its lower end in clevis |33, which is pivoted on the lever |37. This lever is pivoted at one end on pin |38 of frame 2U and is connected at its other end |39 to the spool formed by discs |24 and |25, as illustrated especially in Figure 6. Push pin |33 is secured in rod |34 by means of a shear pin |42, and rod |34 is locked in adjusted position on clevis |35 by lock nut |4|. The shear pin MG is a safety arrangement, preventing injury to the chuck or work in case the chuck jams closed for any reason.

The push rod |33 is adapted to be elevated into engagement with the lower end of chuckopening rod |42 which extends upwardly through the spindle 9| of each chuck and opens the chuck when it is advanced by elevation of the end |39 of lever I3?. Chucks of this nature have been standardized and need not be further described.

Axial movement of rod |25 by cam |32 not only effects the engagement and disengagement of chuck spindle clutches 94 and 95 but also concurrently eiects the opening of the two chucks located at the loading station. Since cam |32 also controls the operation of the chuck opening pins |33, these pins become effective to open the chucks immediately after each indexing operation and are withdrawn out of the way preparatory to each indexing operation, holding the corresponding chucks open during dwell periods of the turret for removal and replacement of work.

It will be observed that both the chucks at the tooling stations and the chucks at the loading stations are substantially simultaneously controlled by cam |32, which, through lever |29, rod |26 and spool E24-|25, actuates levers |23 of the spindle rotating mechanism of the chucks located at the tooling stations and, through levers |37 and pins |33, actuates the chuck-opening mechanism for the chucks located at the loading station.

The turret indexing mechanism Upon completion of each tooling operation the turret is advanced a step, carrying the pieces of work to the next tooling position for the succeeding operation and, in order to decrease the non-working period of the machine, the indexing takes place at relatively high speed, being eieoted at the time that the high speed clutch 3l of the driving mechanism of the machine is in engagement, i. e., after cam 44 Vhas engaged clutch 3l and before cam 45 disengages this clutch for slow operation of the machine. When high speed clutch 31 is engaged, ratchet wheel 55 is driven at a higher speed than worm wheel 58 carrying the pawls 53, so that the ratchet wheel 55 over-runs worm wheel 5B and drives shaft 54 at high speed, so that the respective right-hand and left-hand vertical cam shafts 48 and 83 are also driven at high speed.

Secured on left-hand vertical shaft B3, adjacent the lower edge of turret 89, is a disc |43 carrying a plurality of spaced roller pawls |44 on its upper surface (Figs. 2, 7 and 8), the number of these roller pawls |44 determining whether the turret is singleor double-indexing. If there are two roller pawls, the turret is single indexing, being moved during each indexing operation through an angle equal to the angle between adjacent tooling stations or adjacent chuck spindle drive shafts S6. If four roller pawls |44 are employed, as is indicated in Figure '7, the turret is double-indexing, that is, it moves through an angle during each indexing operation which is equal to twice the angle between adjacent tooling stations. discs |43 are interchangeable on shaft 83. Projecting in the path of the roller pawls |44 and located on the lower edge of turret 89 is a circular series of spaced abutments or lugs |45, alternate ones of which are of different shape. vCertain of these abutments diverge outwardly and others converge outwardly, the diverging and converging abutments being spaced alternately as indicated in Figure '7, the converging abutments being designated |45 and the diverging abutments |45'. Diverging abutments |45 are adapted to be engaged by the leading pawl roller |44 at the beginning of the indexing operation, and the diverging side wall thereof causes the corresponding pawl roller |44 to gradually and easily engage it so that the shock of engagement between these parts is minimized and the beginning of the indexing movement of the turret is retarded slightly to effect this result. Conversely, the trailing pawl roller |44 engages one of the converging abutments |45, so that the release thereof by the trailing pawl roller is retarded and the shock of Sudden stopping of the movement of the turret at the end of the indexing operation is also minimized. With this arrangement the Two and four roller pawl aoipti heavy and massive turret is advanced intermittently with the easy and shockless movement of a much lighter and smaller mass.

As before mentioned, during the complete indexing movement, cam 44 holds high speed clutch 31 in engagement so that the indexing or nonworking movement of the machine does not greatly detract from the total working period of the machine. Also, the contours of the cams 44 and 45 are proportioned with respect to the number of pawl rollers |44 so that the high speed movement of the turret begins at the proper time and terminates at the end of the indexing movement. Furthermore, the movements of cam |32 which controls the opening and closing or" the chucks located at the loading station, as well as the drive of the chucks located at the tooling stations, are correlated to conform to the indexing movements of the turret, so that chuck spindle clutches 94-95 are disengaged just prior to the indexing movement and reengaged immediately thereafter, while chuck-opening pins |33 are actuated to open the correspo-nding chucks immediately after the completion of each inde-xing movement and are withdrawn out of the way immediately before the next indexing movement begins.

The turret 89 is locked against movement during the periods between its indexing movements or dwell periods, by a pin |46 adapted to engage one of the notches formed in blocks |41 spaced around the periphery of turret 89. The locking pin |46 is slidably mounted in a block |48 secured to the base 26 of the machine, as illustrated in Figures '1 and 8. The pin |46 is normally urged inwardly by a spring |49 so as to engage in the notch of a corresponding block |41 to hold the t1 ret rigidly during tooling operations. Engaging pin |46 is the end of a lever |56, which is journaled on a pin in base 20, and which carries at its free end the cam-following roller |52 arranged to engage ring cam |53 mounted on left-hand vertical cam shaft 83. The contour of the ring cam |53 is such that, just prior to each indexing operation of the turret 89, it actuates lever |56 to withdraw pin |46 from the notch in a corresponding block |41, so as to release the turret S5 for indexing, At the completion of each indexing movement, cam |53 releases pin |46, so that its spring |49Vurges it into the notch of a corresponding turret block |41. When the double-indexing disc |43 is employed, as illustrated in Figure '7, the contour of cam |53 is such that pin |44 skips alternate blocks |41 to permit the double-indexing operation. For single-indexing the cam |53 is shaped so as to release pin |46 for engagement in the notches of successive blocks |41.

It will be observed that the drive of the chuck spindles 9| is wholly independent of the highspeed and low-speed turret indexing mechanism, except that the rotation of the chuck spindles is synchronized with the movements of the turret so that chuck spindles 9| are stationary and disconnected from the-ir drives during the indexing movements of the turret and rotate during the dwell periods of the turret.

The vertical or longitudinal tool slides Corresponding to each of the chucks 95, except the two which are located at the loading station at any one time, is a plurality of tool slides |55, which are slidable vertically on blocks |56 secured to the vertical flat faces of center column 2|, as illustrated especially in Figures 2 and 7; Secured to the surfaces of tool slides |55 are the tool holders |51, each bearing the appropriate tool for performing the predetermined tooling operation on the work carried by the chucks 90, which are aligned with the several tools and which move step-by-step relativelytothem during the indexing movements of the turret 89 to present successive pieces of work to the several tools so that the latter may perform their particular operations thereon.

As illustrated in Figure 2, each of the vertical tool slides |55 is supported on a vertical block |55. Each tool slide |55 and its corresponding bloc-k |58 are adjustable vertically or longitudinally with respect to each other by a screw |59 passing through a lug |69 on the slide |55 and threaded into the block |58. The unbalanced weight of each tool slide |55 is compensated for by a coil tension spring |6| suitably connected to the corresponding slide |55 at one end and at its other end to a lug |62, which is mounted on the upper end of block |56 on column 2|, as shown in Figure 2.

The upper ends of each of the six tool slides |55, of the particular form of machine illustrated, carries a roller `|63 which engages a. corresponding individual segmental cam |64 mounted on the cam drum |65, as shown in Figures 2 and 9. 'I'hecam drum |65 is mounted for oscillatory movement about a vertical axis on a bushing |66 secured on the upper end of center column 2|. The weight of the cam drum |65 is supported by a roller thrust bearing |61 mounted on center column 2| and the camA drum |65 is centered against upward displacement by a thrust bearing |68 interposed between its upper surface and the lower surface of base 42 of the driving mechanism within housing 25. It will be observed that the cam drum |65 takes its bearing on center column bushing |66, and that tool slides |55 are also supported on center column 2|, so that the tools and their actuating cams |64 are firmly supported on the rigid center column 2| and are not susceptible to vibration or displacement due to any resistance offered by the work to the tools or strains set up in the mechanismas a result of any unusual work which it may be called upon to do.

The individual segmental cams |64 of the corresponding longitudinal tool slides |55 are shaped so that, upon oscillation of the cam drum |65, the tools carried by the tool slides are reciprocated vertically, the speed of the tools in opposite directions being determined by the rate of angular movement of the cam drum |65 in opposite directions as it oscillates. Y

The oscillation of cam drum |65 is effected by mechanism illustrated in Figures 2, 12 and 13. As shown in these drawings, cam drum |65 is fitted with diametrically opposite gear segments |69 Vand |19, each adapted to be periodically engaged by respective mutilated gears |1| and |12 mounted on constantly rotating cam discs 46 and 82, respectively, of right-hand and left-hand vertical cam shafts 48 and 83,-respectively. l

As right-hand mutilated gear |1| rotates-continuously in a counter-clockwise direction, the teeth |13 thereof engage the toothed segment |69 of cam drum |65 to rotate the latter in a clockwise direction through the appropriate angle, determined by the number of teeth |13 and |69, which is sui'iicient to advance or lower the tool slides |55 the appropriate distance to cause the toolsv carried thereby to effect their tooling operations on the pieces of work aligned therewith in the then bodily stationary but axially rotating chucks 90. The movement of cam drum |65 in a clockwise direction from the position illustrated in Figure 12 to the position indicated in Figure 13 is limited by a set screw |14 threaded through a lug |15 in housing 25.

The vertical tools are retracted from the work by mutilated gear |12, the teeth |11 of which engage cam drum gear segment |10 as indicated in Figure 13 to rotate cam drum |65 through a predetermined angle in a counter-clockwise direction, this angle being such as to raise tool slides a suiiicient distance for retracting the tools from the work preparatory to the next indexing movement of the work-holding turret 89. A set screw |18 threaded through lug |19 on gear housing 25 serves to limit the return movement of cam drum and performs the same function as set screw |14.

One of the end teeth |80 of cam drum gear segment |69 is made longer than the other teeth and engages the toothless edge of mutilated gear |1l during the dwell period of cam drum' |65 prior to the time that left-hand mutilated gear |12 comes into action. Thus, cam drum |65 is l locked in stationary position by the engagement of elongated tooth |80 with the edge of mutilated gear |1|, which, however, isrecessed at |8| to permit long tooth |80 to pass during periods of relative movement between cam drum |65 and mutilated gear |1|, which are not effected by the latter but by mutilated gear |12. A similar elongated tooth |82 on left-hand gear segment |10 of cam drum |65 cooperates with the toothless rim of mutilated gear |12 to perform this same locking function, the rim of gear |12 being recessed at |83 to provide clearness between mutilated gear |12 and elongated tooth |82 during relative movement between them, which is not effected by them but by mutilated gear |1|.

After the retracting or elevating movement of the tools by cooperation between left-hand mutilated gear |12 and cam drum |65, there is a dwell period during which the tool slides |55 remain stationary in retracted or elevated position to permit the turret 89 to index. The intermittent gearing illustrated in Figures 12 and 13, by which the vertical or longitudinal tool slide cam drum |65 is oscillated, are synchronized with the movements of the turret, that is, the angular relationship of turret-indexing pawl rollers |44, the turret locking cam |53 and the intermittent cam drum oscillating gearing is such as to secure the properly timed sequence of operations of the corresponding parts in the manner described.

-It is during the low-speed drive of the main driving mechanism illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 that the tooling operations take place. In order to effect this low speed, drive cam 45 actuates bell crank 4| to cause shifter rod 40 to disengage high-speed clutch 31 which remains disengaged during the dwell period of the turret, that is, until cam 44 re-engages it at the beginning of the highspeed indexing movement of the turret 89. The low-speed drive of the vertical slide cam shafts 48 and 83, which carry the multilated gears |1| and |12, respectively, is effected from main drive shaft 35 through skew gears 59 and 60, spur gear train 6|, 62, 63 and 64, worm wheel 58, pawls and ratchet 55-56, engaged main clutch 53, shaft 54, and worms 19 and 80 which drive respective worm wheels 41 and 8| carrying cam discs 46 and 82, respectively, on which the multilated gears |1| and |12 are respectively mounted.

The cross or horizontal tool slides As illustrated in Figure 7, each of the vertical side columns 23 and 24 carries two horizontal tool slides, one o-n each lateral surface. The front and rear tool slides |85 and |86, respectively, slidably mounted on guides |81 and |88 secured on the front and rear surfaces of right-hand side column 24, carry respective tool holders |89 and |90 on their outer surfaces. These tool holders are provided with the appropriate tools for performing the tooling .operations on the work held in the two corresponding chucks, which are located in proper radial position With respect thereto at any one time during the dwell periods of the turret 89. The tools may be such as to perform facing, or cross-cutting, or cross-drilling, boring or rearning operations on the work, for example, or any other tooling operation which the nature of the work may require. The front and rear horizontal tool slides |9| and |92, respectively, are guided in the same way on the front and rear surfaces of left-hand side column 22.

The particular arrangement of these slides is illustrated in Fig. 10, which is a cross section through left-hand rear tool slide 92 as seen along the line l-I of Figure 7, showing the slide on the stationary column guide |93, a stationary bearing |94 passing therethrough, and a longitudinal rack |95 carried by the tool slide |92. Meshing with this rack |95 is a pinion |96 secured on the outer end of a shaft |91 journaled in stationary column bearing |94 and carrying on its inner end the pinion |98. The arrangement yof pinion |98 is also illustrated in Figure 1l, which is an enlarged vertical section through left-hand column 23 as seen along the line of Figure 7. The tool slide |92 is adjustable horizontally or longitudinally of its rack |95 by means of screw |99, so that the position of the ltool carried by slide |92 may be adjusted relatively to the work, and the slide may be adjusted relatively to the starting and finishing positions of the corresponding rack |95. Each of the other tool slides |85, |86 and |9| is similarly arranged and, therefore, the description of tool slide |92 will suice for all of them.

As shown especially in Figure 11, the pinion |98 at the inner end of pinion shaft |91 meshes with a vertical rack 200 slidable in suitable guides 26| in left-hand column 23. One of such racks 200 is provided for each of the four cross or horizontal tool slides and they are all alike, each meshing with a pinion corresponding to pinion |98 in Figure l1. The upper end of each rack 200 carries a cam roller 202 which engages in the groove of a corresponding crown cam 203 secured on left-hand vertical cam shaft 83. This cam CII shaft carries a similar crown cam 204 which actuates the rack |9I of front left-hand tool slide |9|. The right-hand vertical cam shaft 48 carries two similar crown cams, the upper one of which, designated 205, actuating the rear righthand horizontal tool slide 86 through rack 206, shown in Figure '7, and the lower crown cam 208 on right-hand drive shaft 48 actuating front right-hand horizontal tool slide |85 by means of rack 209, shown in Figure '1.

The movements of these cross or horizontal tool slides are synchronized with the indexing of the turret, so that they are projected forwardly to engage the work held in the corresponding chucks during the dwell periods of the turret 89 and are withdrawn therefrom just prior to the next indexing movement of the turret. These cross or horizontal tool slides are also arranged so that these tools cooperate on the corresponding pieces of work concurrently with the tools carried by the longitudinal or vertical tool slides.

The control mechanism In addition to the front and rear handle bars 15 and 13, respectively, whereby the starting, stopping and the reversing of the machine may be manually controlled, there is a treadle 2I|l at the loading station of the machine, as is illustrated in Figures 1`, 5 and 14. This treadle 2li! is pivoted at its ends in lugs 21| on the base 28 of the machine, and is normally urged into elevated position by a coil spring 2 I2 connected at one end to the treadle 2|!) and anchored at its other end on the base 28 at the front of the machine, as is illustrated in Figure l.

Pivoted o-n the treadle 2IG so as to be drawn downwardly when the treadle is depressed, is a vertical rod 2 I3, pivoted at its upper end on the free end of a lever 2 I4 secured on the right-hand end of a shaft 2|5 extending across the front of the machine and journaled in brackets 215 secured to the center column 2| of the machine, this arrangement being shown particularly in Figure. 14. Secured on shaft2|5 is a pair of spaced levers 2I'I and 2I8. Depending from the free ends of these levers are respective rods 2|9 and 220, the lower ends of which are connected to levers 22| and 222, respectively, which are pivoted intermediate their ends on brackets 223 and 224, respectively, secured on the center column 2| above the two chucks 98 located at the loading station at the fro-nt of the machine. The free ends .of levers 22| and 222 are connected by a pin and slot co-mbination to corresponding work locators 225 and 22B, slidable vertically in brackets 223 and 224, and aligned or substantially aligned with the two chucks 98 located below them at the loading station of the machine.

As illustrated in Figures 1 and 14, one .of these work locators, namely, the left-hand one, 225, is provided with a gauge 221 adapted to engage the work placed in the corresponding chuck 9i) in such a way that before work can be removed from this chuck the gauge 221 must be withdrawn. A similar gauge may be mounted on the right-hand work locator 226, or a centering ring, not shown, or any other arrangement cooperating with the particular piece of work which is to be too-led in the machine. It will be seen that as treadle 2|() is depressed, work locators 225 and 225 are elevated and that when no pressure is applied to treadle 2|!) spring 212 normally urges it upwardly so that the work locators 225 and 225 are urged downwardly.

Pivoted intermediate the ends of lever 2 I4 is a vertical link 228, having an eye 229 at its upper end through which a normally horizontal rod 230 is slidable. This rod 230 is adjustably mounted in the end of a bar 23|, pivoted at its other end to the free end of a crank 232 secured on a shaft 233 journaled through the wall of driving mechanism housing 25 and extending into this housing, as is shown especially in Figure 3. Secured on the inner end of shaft 233 and within driving mechanism housing 25 is a lever 234 having a roller 235 at its free end, which engages the prole of inverted crown cam 236 secured on cam disc 45 of right-hand vertical cam shaft 48, as is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. Rod 238 with bar 23| is accordingly suspended between the eye 229` of vertical link 228 and the free end of crank 232.

Pivoted on a pin 231 in bar 23| is a disc 238, which is held in any angular position, limited by stop 239, by a spring 248 on pin 231, as is illustrated in Figure 15. Also pivo-ted on pin 231 and frictionally engaging the rear surface of disc' 238, so as to move therewith, is a plunger 241. The disc 238 is provided with two substantially opposite detents 242 and 243 adapted to respectively engage the upper and right side edges of abutment 244 secured to the front surface of driving mechanism housing 25.

As previously mentioned, before the operator can remove a piece of iinished work from one of the chucks located at the loading station and replace it with a new piece of work, he must withdraw work locators 225 and 225 which prevent access to these pieces of work when they are 1ocated in their normal downward position. The operator withdraws these Work locators by depressing treadle 2H) and then may remove the finished work from the stationary open chucks at the loading station and reload the chucks with new pieces of work. He then releases the treadle 2|Il and the work locators 225 and 226 descend to engage the work in the reloaded chucks. If

qthe chucks are properly reloaded, link 228 holds pin 230 and plunger 24| above a lug 245 on arm I4 of stop handle 15, so that the subsequent feeling action of cam 233 causes the pin 230 and plunger 24| to move over the lug 245 without engaging it. However, if one of the pieces of work is not properly seated, so that work locators 225 and 225 cannot descend to the full distance, link 228 remains lowered to hold rod 238 down, so that the subsequent feeling action of cam 236 causes rod 238 to engage lug 245 and move lever 14 to the right to disengage main clutch 53 and stop the machine. The operator then places the work in the chucks properly and starts the machine by moving handle 15 to the center position to reengage main clutch 53. This condition is illustrated in Figure 16. The same action takes place if the operator tends to hold treadle 2|() depressed longer than the dwell period of the turret and in order to prevent indexing before the operator is ready, the safety mechanism stops the machine in the manner described.

If the machine completes a cycle and the operator fails to depress trcadle 2|I) to remove the nished work, the feeling action of cam 236 projects rods 230 and plunger 24| over the lug 245, but detent 243 engages the right edge of abutment 244 to cause disc 238 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction and drop the plunger on lug 245, so that onvits return movement plunger 24| falls into alignment with lug 245. Accordingly, during the next feeding movement of cam 236 the plunger 24| a'ctuates lever 14 to disengage main clutch 53 and stop the machine to prevent retooling of the iinished work and unnecessary movement of the machine. This condition of the machine is illustrated by Figure 17. Depression of the treadle then causes detent 242 to engage the upper edge of abutment 244 and elevate plunger 24| to reset the safety mechanism.

When it is desired to run the machine continuously, the safety mechanism may be disabled by moving cam lever 248 to the right to raise plunger 24| out of range of the lug 245.

The projecting upper ends of work locators 225 and 226 are provided with rollers 241 and 248, respectively, which engage respective segmental cams 249 and 252 secured on cam drum |35,

which, it will be recalled, is oscillated by the mechanism illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 to actuate the vertical or longitudinal tool slides. These cam segments 259 and 255, shown in Figure 9, raise work locators 225 and 225 to withdraw and hold withdrawn from the work the gauges 22?, or the like, during the indexing movement of the turret. Upon completion of each indexing movement of the turret, cams'2f9 and 255 again lower the work locators, so that they must be raised by the operation of the treadle Zi in order that the operator may gain access to the corresponding pieces of work.

Journaled within right-hand vertical drive shaft 48 is a vertical shaft 25| having at its upper end a bevel gear 252 which is driven by a bevel gear 253 secured on one end of a horizontal shaft 255 journaled on cover plate 26S and driven from drive shaft 32 by bevel gears 255 and 256. 'I'he lower end of vertical shaft 25| carries a spur gear 2 51 meshing with an idler gear 258, which in turn drives the pinion 259 of oil pump 25|) mounted in a chamber 26| formed within the apron 22, as illustrated in Figure 2. This oil pump- 260 provides forced-feed lubrication for the parts of the machine and is conveniently located and driven from the main driving mechanism in the manner described.

Formed by apron 22 and surrounding the turret 89 is a trough 262 having a slope toward the back of the machine and a discharge spout 253 whereby the tool lubricant sprayed on the tools during their periods of cooperation with the work is carried away. As shown particularly in Figure 2, the upper surface of the turret 83 is of relatively steep pitch and leads downwardly toward trough 252. The steepness of the slope causes the tool lubricant to ilow downwardly into trough 262 with such velocity that it carries the tooling chips with it, while the pitch of the trough 282 is so steep that the chips are carried out through spout 253 by the tool lubricant and do not collect in the trough to clog it after a considerable period of operation of the machine. The pitch of the trough 262 and of the adjacent surfaces of the turret leading into the trough are steepest at the roughing stations on the right-hand side of the machine adjacent the discharge spout 253, as seen in Figure 2, so that the heavier and larger chips are as readily flushed away as are the smaller and lighter chips discharged at the finishing stations on the left-hand side of the machine. Thus, mechanical devices for scraping chips through the trough 252 or other chip-removing means become unnecessary.

As is illustrated in Figure 13, the joint between the turret 85 and the trough 252 is sealed by overlapping strips `of metal, one of which, 264, is mounted on the edge of the turret 89 and is turned downwardly to overlap the upwardly turned strip 265 mounted on the edge of the trough 232. This forms a substantially liquidproof joint, but in the event that liquid escapes therethrough because of splashing, it is collected in an auxiliary trough 253 located in the upper surface of base 25 below the overlapping metal sealing strips 25e and 255, as shown in Figure 18. This trough encircles the entire machine and is pitched downwardly toward spout 263 into which it discharges through passage 26?, as shown in Figure 2.

A splash guard 258 is sup-ported on the center column 2| and overhangs the upper edge of the turret 89, as shown in Figure 2. This splash guard268 prevents splashing of the 'tool lubricant into the bearings 8'! of the turret 89.

Summary of operation Preparatory to starting the machine into operation, the operator provides the vertical or longitudinal tool slides |55 with appropriate tools |51 and the horizontal tool slides |35, |83, |9i and |92 with the appropriate tools fo-r performing the corresponding tooling operations on the work. In the type of machine illustrated in the drawings, there are six tooling or working stations and two loading or unloading stations. At each of the six tooling stations, the six vertical or longitudinal tools may operate on the corresponding pieces of work held in the chucks 9|] below, while the tools carried by the horizontal slides operate on the work at the first, second, fifth and sixth tooling stations. The tools may perform practically any kind of work, such as turning, boring, reaming, recessing, chamfering, forming, longitudinal and cross drilling, threading, tapering, facing, etc.

If the machine is single indexing, that is, if the two-roller pawl indexing disc |53 is placed on right-hand vertical shaft 83, each piece of work held in each chuck is successively operated on by tools at each of the six working stations. When the machine is arranged for double indexing, that is, when the four-roller pawl indexing disc |43 is provided, as illustrated in Figure 7, two pieces of work are finished in each cycle or one piece of work having received two chucking operations is iinished at each cycle. The cam |53, controlling locking pin |45 is appropriately shaped for single-indexing or double-indexing, being held withdrawn by the cam |53 while the turret moves through a single angle for singleindexing, or while the turret moves through a double angle for double-indexing. Also, before the machine is started the operator selects the appropriate gear combinations provided by gears and ||2 in the driving mechanism housing 25 (Fig. 3) in order to secure a slow or more rapid drive of all of the work-holding chucks, depending upon requirements. Also, depending upon the tooling requirements, the operator arranges the driving gears 98 and 99 of the individual chuck spindles to revolve the corresponding chucks at various rates of speed. Then the gauges 221 or other equivalent devices are adjusted on work locators 225 and 226 so that they engage the upper ends or other parts of the work when the latter is properly seated in the chucks at the loading station and the machine is ready for operation.

The two chucks at the loading station are open, since cam |32 through rod |26 holds push pin |33 in engagement with chuck-releasing rods |42, as illustrated in Figure 6. With the two chucks at the loading station open, the operator depresses treadle 2H) to withdraw work locators 225 and 226 and their gauges 227, or the like, so that he may have access to the chucks for placing work in them.

After placing the work in the chucks the operator releases treadle ZIO' so that the work locators and gauges descend to engage the work to properly center or otherwise locate it in the chucks depending on the requirements. If the work is properly located as determined by the safety mechanism, the operator may move handle bar 75 or 78 to the right to engage the main driving clutch 53 to start the machine into operation. If the Work has not been properly seated afnemer inrathechucksthe work flocators ;andfgaugesedo notdescendasefan as isfnecessary to .permit 'the machineto start; z.that isato say', the .workiooators detect theifactthat themachine is. not inzproper operatingcondition.V In-;thatrev ent,. :cant-235 advances. rodl .23 0=andinl1mgerz24r| to f engage .lug-24:5. of handle barHSrand-:shi-it itto .the left "(Fig.. .16.)v to .Shop I the #machine immediately after. it. alias been started .bynthe V'shifting `.0r1andle--.-:loar :115 to -.theright.in the manner-described.

r. eAssuming 4that the.: :wor-k. :has I been' Droperly seated in the chucks and that the -feelingfzaction ofvieam 236.1 is; ineffectiveA becausof-L that-tact, the cam drum 65. isioscillated by; fthezintermittenta gearing illustratedfgin Figures 12 and 13,::so` that 7cam.-.se,0,f-r.f1ents 249 and tioarried V thereby raise work :locators 1.2 2.5i anch 22.6 from :the workV :to permitztheeturretfi to; index. i lhegsamerotation of. cam-drum; LS1-which: als0-- carries `longitudinal or. Vertical Vtoolislide.actuating canis |64, :elevates the. fcoz'resnondingsventicalgor longitudinal .tool slide-,5519 retract thertooli holders 'l 5'1 andztheir tools out of the path of the Work carried .in-the chucksfxs, that :the :turret 89. .may index.' The sameractionxtakes place-.in :regard to ,the-:horizontalfoncrossvtooi. s1-ides'-ft8z5, |:86f,-J 9.=| and `|9?.,'-.th e corresponding cams :1205, 208, 2.03:;and 204.. on vertical drivel shafts` 48eand f8.3. .acting @to withdraw4 zthese:l tool slides out; of fthe @path of movementz-of .thesmork vecarried'fby: :theiachucksnsu vto nennitgtheeturretto index.

i .Before gtheturret indexes, .cam :l 53 :mounted ongleftehand @verticale-.cam shaft 8.3. withdraws lookingpinom -i1om\the:no tchfin .thecorrespond- 1 ingturretihlockl 4J, .in-fwhich it was located during ithesdvuellziperiod-.oi the ftu-rret.. f Further frotation of left-hand vertical driVe.snaft^;8B.-zcauses indexing disc |43 to insert one of its pawlmollers |44 beneath-etherlower. :surface .of the turret 189 so :as .nto :aengagegtheiinwardly: sloping surface A of dvergingxabutment.145'. `The `sloper of. the .side of rdiverging."turreia: abutment-|45" results in the gradual .and shookless nooperation between `the correspondingpawlnolleri t3; and gthegheavymassive zturret 89fwlrich; accordingly starts to move. The. practical 1 result of this is .the .same as-'though the :turret-were: moved atfonefhalf the speed, since the slope of the abutment |45' is opposite to the direction- .coi mouement of thea iturret. If thaturret issingleindexingthe :secondipawl.rell-v er-|44- on disci |431engages the. following-converging turret .abutmentzxl 45., andfsincegthe slopezaof thisfaontment.isopposte to the s lopeof diverging abutmentntithe latter compensates for :the eff ect on ,thel movement of the. iturret'producediby divergingfiabutment: 145'., but .it also ;causesztth'e` turret .to slow :downejustqbefore it .stops so .as :to reduce the-shock effect of';the.momentum1of :the heavy.turret. f If the machine :is double eindexing thegfour-pawlfsrollers ffl-44 :operate 'rinl .ther-same Way lexcept? that f :they :move the turretwthrough a double angleinsteadzo througha .singleangle 1. Beforeythemurretibeginsto index, camdmron rightehand.. cam'ndsci 46 Hengages Thigh-speed clutch 3.'|i=(tgs. :3 ande). whichtdrivesshaftz'd at :tl-higher speedl directly ithrough zspur .gears =3.'| and .152, :the .raltchetufwheel. 55. overerunnng the more .slowlynnoving Worm Wheel 158 during kthis high speedtdrive. At the end .of `the indexing movement of the turret-carni 45 on right-hand cam discsfd vdisengages Ahigh-speed A :clutch T31 so that-.thei-,shafvtitl isagainidriven .at slow speed through-the qoaWlz-andfratohet #wheel combination 55--256 connected :to v1min-speed Worml Wheel-158 (Fig. 4). Also, -at the end-leftline index-ingmovement,-:-cam;i|z53ene1eases;looking pin |146 :..so `that iti'en-gages irrrthefnotchfin acorr espondingV rturret block |41 to. lock' the @turret securelyfiagainst mouementiduringithe;toolingrgeneration.

- zDuringnthe. time; thatgthe. indexing movement off theiturret isitakingplace, oscillating cam 'drum |65 fr emansaistationary, holding all of :the `longitudinal izor `ezveri'fioal; to.ol, :slides retraoted. so that thertools .are Lout ;of fthe `path of -`mortel-nent aof meewerkt-carried by thegfindexingturret.,..anda1so holdingrnlorkfziooators; 225 :and 1.22.6. .and itheir corresponding :gaugesnisengagedzfrom the work. As the indexing period is completedidefthand muti-latedsgearelJ2oosoil1ates ;eam;drume |55.; in a oonnterfzolockwis irecton; to.: the: position i1- lustratedzinfFigurerl.; {Duringithisi movement, the cam-1segmentseteearried; :byfeamdrumJ|5 adyancethe verticalorlongitudinalA tool s1ides1l55 tonbringithetoolsicarried therebynto cooperative reiationrwith the workacarriedrbyzthegcorresnonding .chuckss90- .;.,Also,ecamsgi2 |15;y ande-2 0.84m righthand -yyerticaLtdri-ye. slaaftzfllt.l advance fthe tools earriedfby. corresponding; transverse tool slides |85.iandil8B;ttintezfongaeement:with the correspending rpiecesnfynvork located-:at nthegrst and second #tooling` stations. Simultaneously. :cams 2n.3.and zodiadvamce, theztoolsecarred: by: .lefthand-transverseftoolz slidesg-.liltand 1921111110 cooperatiuefreiation mithithe pieces of :worklocated at ftheithand;sixthftoolingstations. .ziUhi-sfmovement of cam drum |65 is alsowcoompanied-zby the; lowering fioizwork :locatorsr22 5 and i2 2 6 and theiregaugesrintonengagement:withgltheufpiecesor workin; theiiichueks; lncatedtat .thecloadingr'station;` thisiaotionibeinggpeniormedi'by thesegments 249i and; 2.5.0,'nnicalrt drum-i165..

aiust :prior-.i toslthe. ;.c0QperatiQn.-.-:between Ithe several: ,tciolsi-t andixtheif orresnondingn :pieces :of work; @am |32s1raisesnnodx=1|261 togrelease levers |21 so thatnthesspringsz' @engage .the driving clutches; dcand .9 fiof teach. .of 1.the ;:sx :chucks located tatithe wnrkingtationsto set thepieces of worlnearrieditherebyrinto rotation :,befo-refthe corresponding. tdolsengage v.them-fat nthe. beginning ofthe: toolingzoperation. .":When cam |532 raises rod |26 it also opens the two chucks located at the loadingStation-byiadvancing `theinopening rods 3|.'4271by.meansmffpusmpins' l 33'fmountedn the `iles/,ers s |31,.:aotuated -Joy @the spool 24- |.25 mountedzontheower endrof;frod -,|26.. Thechuckf driving: ,mechanism 'including= tthe vertical -drive shaftsoSB orrespnndingfto .each tof. the achucks located oat: the: loadingcstationssdoes 4not. rotate duri-ing: theuindexing. periodzofgithe turnen-nso .that theoclutches'!) 4;f^ e9 5- rnayfibe fengagedreadily,4 but irnmediatelyzzaften the indexingeperiodandafter chuck1clutohesi9||95 areaengagedfcam Il] on ca-mrdiscd engages nlutch ||3 :so.that:the chucks 90Lrotate. y

:'At. `the :end off ythe :forward A.movement lof' @thea when the tool slides are in the proper position, by moving handle bars 15 or 18 tothe left to disengage main driving clutch 53 and engage reversing clutch 65 (Fig. 4) When reversing clutch 65Jis engaged the rotation of drive shaft 54 is reversed through idler gear 68, which is interposed between driving pinion 69 on shaft 35 and the spur gear 61 carried by the reversing clutch 65. This arrangement enables checking of the tools at any time.

If the operator fails to remove a finished piece of work after the tooling cycle has been-completed, the machine Vis automatically stopped to prevent unnecessary operations as well as the retooling of the finished piece of work. The safety mechanism devised for thist purpose and illustrated especially in Figures -14: to 17 inclusive,

assumes the position illustratedv in/Figure 17, so that plunger 24 lis depressed into alignment with the lug 245 on the lever 14 ofcontrol handle bar '15, sorthat during the subsequentfeeling action Y of cam 236, plunger 24! is projected to the left to actuate the control bar 15 and disengage main driving clutch 53. Y This arrangement Venables one operator to attend to'a number of machines with safety, for if he does not return to a machine in time it is automatically stopped in the manner described.

Also, if the operator holds treadle 2I0 depressed longer than the indexing mechanism of the turret allows, the safety mechanism assumes the' position illustrated in Figure 16, so that, during the subsequent feeling. action of ca m 236, the safety mechanism actuates control bar 15 to disengage maindrivingclutch 53 to stop the machine. The same operating conditions take place in the event that the work is not properly seated inthe chucks, as detected by the Work locators 225 and 226 or their corresponding gauges. This renders the entire machine substantially foolproof and accident-proof, insuring that the work is properly handled under all conditions of operation.

By the arrangement of the tool lubricant discharge trough 262 and the :cooperating downward slope of the upper surface of the turret 89, the chips are flushed clear of the machine out of the spout 263 Without the necessity of using mechanical chip Scrapers or flushing devices.

VAmong the numerous novel features of the machine especial importance is attached to the ,mounting and correlation.. of the several tools which perform their individual tooling operations on the succeeding pieces of work presented to them by the indexing movements of the turret.

For example, the oscillating cam drum I 65 carries a series of cam segments |64 which are individual to the corresponding tools and actuate the tools in accordance with their tooling requirements. Thus, by changing the cam segments the corresponding individual tools actuatedthereby may be provided with various movements.V

The horizontal orcross tool slides are also controlled by individual cams mounted on constantly rotating shafts located within the two side columns of the machine, eachof which carries a tool slide on its front and rear surfaces, so that facing work, cross drilling, reaming, or the like, may be performed at `four of the six tooling stations. g Y

The chuck spindle driving `mechanism is also of importance, being extremely simple and completely enclosed and effectedby means of-a shaft |03 'within the vertical center column' of the machine which transfers the drive'from the top of the machine to the individual drivinggears of the several chucks. Also, by properly adjusting the drive of the chucks'by means of shiftable'gears I l l, all of the chucks may be rotated at a selected speed while, by adjusting and arrangingthe driving gears 98 and 99 of the individual chucks, each` piece of Work is driven at a vspeed commensurate with its nature and the kind of tooling which-is to be performed thereon. A

Also, by means of a single cam operating upon the vertical push rodY |26 extendingthrough the center column, both the rotation of the chucks located at the tooling stations and the opening of the chucks located at the loading station are con-4 trolled concurrently. The arrangement simplies the construction and operation of the machine and provides a convenient means whereby steps incidental to the main tooling operation are performed without interference with the tooling operations.

The indexing mechanism whereby the movements of the massive work-holding turret are controlled as easily as a turret of much less mass rotating at muchless speed, is of special importance, and these advantages are in part due to the converging and diverging abutments, which are engaged alternately by the indexing mechanism, so that the massive turret is set into` motion slowly and easily and its inertia overcome with a gradual movement, while the stopping of the turret at the end of the indexing movement is performed as slowly and as easily while overcoming the momentum of its movement without shock or strain on the moving parts.

I claim: f

l. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a support, a plurality of rotatable work holders on the support, means for opening the work holders but normally disconnected therefrom, means for rotating `the work holders but normally disconnected therefrom and an element common to both of said means and having direct connections therewith, said element being movable to actuate said means toward the work holders.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work holding membervhaving aplurality of rotary Vwork holders, a tool holding member having aplurality of tools, mechanism for relatively moving the members, intermittently to place successive tools and pieces of work in cooperative relation, means for opening successive work holders, means for rotating other work holders, and a'common element connected to both of said means, said element being movable reciprocally to render both of said means ineffective dur--y ing relative movements of the members and to render both of said means effective between the relative movements of the members.

3. In a machine of` the class described, the combination of a turret, a plurality of rotatable work holders arranged thereon in circular series, tools arranged for operation on successive'pieces of work in the Work holders, mechanism for indexing the turret to present successive pieces of work to the tools, means for opening the work holders, means for rotating the work holders, and a movable element common to both of said means andhaving direct connections therewith, whereby 'one movement of said element disables both of said means substantially simultaneously during each indexing movement of the turret.

4. In 'a machine of the class described,`the combination of a turret, a plurality of rotatable Wlork holders arranged thereon in circular series, tools arranged for operation on successive pieces of work in the work holders, mechanism for indexing the turret to present successive piecesof work to the tools, means for opening at least oneof the work holders, means for rotating other work holders', and a common element connected to both'of said means, said element being movable reciproindexing periods of the turert, means for rotating other work holders but disengaged therefrom during indexing movements of the turret, and a rod connected to both of said means, said rod being movable axially to actuate saidmeans toward and away from the Work holders during dwell periods of the turret. Y

6, In a machine oi the class described, the combination of a turret, a plurality of rotatable work holders arranged thereon in circular series,

tools arranged for operation on successive pieces of work in the work holders, mechanism for indexing the turret to present successive pieces of work to the tools, means for opening at least one of the work holders and being in engagement therewith during dwell periods of the turret, means for rotating other Work holders and being in engagement therewith during dwell periods of the turret, common mechanism for substantially simultaneously disengaging both of .said means during indexing periods of the turret to close said one Work holder and stop the rotation of said other work holders, and a singleY cam for actuating said mechanism; Y

7, In a machine of the class described, the combination of a turret, a plurality of rotatable work holders arranged thereon in circular series,

tools arranged for operation on successive pieces of work in the work holders, mechanism for indexing the turret to present successive pieces Yof* work to the tools, means for opening at least one of the work holders, means for rotating other work holders, common mechanism for substantially simultaneously disabling both of said means during indexing movements of the turret and for rendering both of said means effective during dwell periods of the turret to open said one work holder and rotate said other work -holders, and a single cam for actuating said mechanism. y 8, In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame having a center column,

a turret journaled on said column, a plurality of rotatable work holders arranged thereon in circular series, tools arranged for operation on successive pieces of work in the work holders,` mechanism for indexing the turret to present successive pieces of Work to the tools, means for opening at least one of the work holders, means for rotating other work holders, separable connecting devices between each oi' said means and the corresponding Work holders, and common-mechanism controlling the devices for substantially simultaneously rendering the means efective during Vdwell periods of .the turret and ineiective during indexing periods of the turret, said-mechanism including a-n actuating rod connected at one Vend :with both of said means and extending through said column.

9. In a machine of the' class described,- the combination of ar frame, a turretvjournaled on the frame and having a plurality of work holders, a plurality of'toolholders on the frame, intermittently oscillating means `on the frame for moving the tojol holders to place their tools into and outl of cooperative relation with the Work in the turret work holders, and mechanismior alternatelyv engaging and disengaging ,said means for oscillating the same.

10.In a machine Yof the class described, th combination of frame, a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of Work holders, a plurality of tool holders on the frame, oscillating means on the frame for moving the tool holders to place their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the work in the turret Work holders, and intermittent gearing periodically engaging the means for oscillating the same.

l1. In a machine of the class described, the

combination of frame,-a turret journaled on the4 frame. and having a plurality of Work holders, a plurality of tool holders on the frame, oscillating means on the frame for moving the tool holders to place their tools into and out of cooperative relation with .the Work in the turret work holders, said means including a cam ring having segments individual to the several tool holders, and mechanism periodically engaging the ring for oscillating the same, Y f

`12. In a machine of the. class described, the combination of frame, a turret journaled on the. frame andihaving a plurality of work holders, a plurality of tool holders on the frame, oscillating means on the frame vfor moving the tool holders toplace their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the Work in the turret work holders, said means including a carrier having cams individual to the tool holders, and devices intermittently engaging said mechanism for oscillating the carrier.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of frame, a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of work holders, a plurality of tool, holders on the frame, oscillating means on thevv frame for moving the tool holders to place their toolsintov and Vout of cooperative relation with the work in the turret Work holders, said means including a carrier having cams individual to the tool holders, a device for moving the carrier in one direction, and a second device for moving the carrier in the Vopposite direction, said, devices alternating in their engagement with the carrier tooscillate the sama.

14. Inma macloine'ofv the 'class described, the combination of frame, a turret kjournaled on the frame and having a plurality Yof work'holders, a plurality of tool holders 'on the frame, oscillating means on the frame for moving the tool holders to place theirv tools into andout of cooperative relation with the Work in the turret Work holders, said means including a carrier having cams individual to the't'ool holders, gear segments ony combination of a frame, a turret jo'urnaled on the Aframe ,and having-a plurality ofwork. holders, a plurality of columns o'n the frame extending above the turret and Asubstantially parallel to the axis of the turret, and tool holders mounted upon substantially opposite sides of the columns above the turret and movable to place their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the Work in corresponding turret rWork holders.

l 16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame, a. turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of Work holders, a plurality of columnson the frame extending above the turret and substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, tool holders mounted upon substantially opposite sidesof the columns above the turret and movable to place their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the work in corresponding turret Work holders, and means in the columnsfor actuating the corresponding tool holders. s

17. In a machine. of the class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of Work holders, a plurality of columns on the frame extending above the turret and substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, tool holders mounted upon substantially opposite sides of the columns above the turret and movable to place their tools into and out of cooperativerelation lwith the work in corresponding turret Work holders, and means on the columns individual to the several tool holders thereon Afor actuating the latter.

18. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of work holders, a plurality of columns on the frame extending above the turret and substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, tool holders mounted upon .substantially oppositesides of the columns above the turret and movable to place their Vtools into and out of cooperative relation with the Work in corresponding turret Work holders,` and a plurality of cams within each column corresponding to the several tool holders thereon for actuating' the latter.

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of Work holders, a plurality of columns on the frame extending above the turret and substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, tool holders mounted upon substantially opposite sides of the columns above the turret and movable to place theirv tools into and out of cooperative relation with the Work in corresponding turret work holders, a shaft Within each column, and connections between each shaft and the corresponding tool holders for actuating the latter. Y

20. In a machine of the class described,'the combination of a'frame; a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of work holders, a plurality of columns on the Yframe extending above the turret and substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, tool holders mounted upon substantially opposite sides of the columns above the turret and movableV to place their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the work in corresponding turret Work holders, a rotary shaft within each column, and a plurality of cams on each shaft vindividual tothe several corresponding tool holders for actuating the latter.

21. In a machine ofv the class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of work holders, longitudinal tool holders on the frame movable to place their tools into and out of cooperative relation withthe Workin the turret 'Work holders, a plurality of columns on the frame extending substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, anda plurality of transverse tool holders on each column movable to place their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the work in the turret work holders, and means for concurrently actuating the longitudinal and'transverse tool holders. 22. In 'a machine ofthe class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled thereon and having a plurality of Work holders, a plurality of tool holdersy on the frame and movable substantially longitudinally of the frame for placing their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the Work in the turret work holders, a plurality of rotary shafts extending substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, transverse tool holders actuated by the shafts for placing the tools carried by the tool holders into and out of cooperative relation With the Work in the turret L combination of a frame, a turret journaled there- L on and having a plurality of work holders, a plurality of tool holders on the frame and movable substantially longitudinally of the frame for placing their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the work in the turret Work holders, a

plurality of rotary shafts extending substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, transverse tool holders 'actuated by the shafts for placing the tools carried by the tool holders into and out of cooperative relation' with the Work in the turret Work holders, oscillating-mechanism for actuating the longitudinal tool holders, and Vconnections between the rotary shafts and the mechanism for oscillating the latter.

V24. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled thereon and having a plurality of Work holders, a plurality of tool holders on the frame and movable substantiallylongitudinally of the frame for placing their tools into and out of cooperative relation With the work in the turret' Work holders, a plurality of rotary shafts extending substantially parallel to the' axis of the turret, transverse toolholders actuated by the shafts for placing the tools carried by the tool holders into and out of cooperative relation with the Work in the turret Work holders, oscillating mechanism for actuating the longitudinal tool holders, and means on the individual rotary shafts periodically engaging the mechanism to oscillate the latter.

25. In a machine ofthe class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled thereon and having a plurality ofgvvork holders, a plurality of tool holders on the frame and movable substantiallylongitudinally thereof for placing their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the work in the turret Work holders, individual cams forthe several tool holders, a carrier for the cams, a plurality of columns on the frame extending substantially parallel to the axis of the turret, a. plurality of tool holders on each column and movable substantially transversely thereof for placing their tools into and out of cooperative relation with the Work-inthe turret work holders, a rotary shaft in each column, cams on each shaft individual to the corresponding transverse tool holders for actuating the latter, and intermittently operative connections between at least one of the shafts and the carrier for oscillatingl the latter.

26. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame having a center column, a turret journaled thereon and having a plurality of rotary work holders, a rotary drive shaft extending through the column, driving connections between the shaft and the work holders, and means for controlling the connections extending through the column.

27. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame having a center column, a turret j ournaled thereon and having a plurality of rotary work holders, a rotary drive shaft extending through the column, driving connections between the shaft and the work holders, and clutches individual to the work holders in the said driving connections.

28. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame having a center column, a turret journaled thereon and having a plurality of rotary work holders, a rotary drive shaft extending through the column, driving connections between the shaft and the work holders, clutches individual to the work holders in thesaid driving connections, and means extending through the column for actuating the clutches.

29. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame having a center column, a turret journaled thereon and having a plurality of rotary Work holders, a rotary drive shaft extending through the column, driving connections between the shaft and the work holders, and speed change mechanism for varying the speed of rotation of the shaft.

30. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a turret, an abutment on the turret sloping in the direction of movement of the turret, and a moving pawl engaging the abutment to index the turret, the slope of the abutment causing the pawl to retard the initial movement of the turret.

31. In a machine of the class described, the

y combination of a turret, an abutment on the turret sloping in the direction'of movement of the turret, a second abutment on the turret sloping in a direction opposite to the slope of the first abutment, and a pair of moving pawls successively engaging the two abutments to index the turret, the slope of the rst abutment causing the rst pawl to retard the initial movement of the turret and the slope of the second abutment causing the second pawl to retard the final movement of the turret.

32. In a machine of the -class described, the combination of a turret, work holders on the turret, tools for operating on the work in the Work holders, and a trough surrounding the turret substantially below the level of the work holders and having a continuous downward slope toward a discharge point, the upper surface of the turret sloping steeply downwardly to the trough, whereby the chips removed from the work by the tools are flushed into and down the trough in a continuous stream to said discharge point by the usual tool lubricant during the tooling operations.

33. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a turret, work holders on the turret, tools for operating on successive pieces of work in the work holders, certain of said tools performing roughing operations on the work, and a trough surrounding the turret below the level of the work holders and having a discharge point adjacent the stations ofthe roughing tools, said trough sloping downwardly toward the discharge point for causing the usual tool lubricant to flush the chips in a continuous stream into and down the trough and toward the discharge point thereof during the tooling operations.

34. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a frame, a turret journaled on the frame and having a plurality of work holders, a plurality of tool holders on the frame, oscillating means on the frame for moving the tool holders to place their tools into and outof cooperative relation with the work in the turret work holders, mechanism for periodically engaging said means for oscillating it, and other mechanism for periodically engaging said means for holding it in a fixed position during the stationary periods thereof.

ARTHUR J. LEWIS.

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