US2028036A - Steam boiler - Google Patents

Description

. JUL 14g 1936` J. w. ARMoUR 2,028,036

STEAM BOILER Filed Sept. 18, 1933 Patented Jan. 14, 1936 UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE l 2,023,036 yA STEAM BOILER James W. Armour, Worcester, Mass., Aassignor to Riley Stoker Corporation, Worcester, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application September 18, 1933, Serial No. 689,937

Claims.

This invention relates to steam boilers, and more particularly to water-tube boilers having a transverse horizontal water drum which serves to connect a lower bank of tubes to an upper bank. i

' tions of the drum. As a result, the tubes located in the upper part of the upper tube bank and near the side walls may receive insuiiicient water to protect themfrom overheating.

It is accordingly one object of the present invention to overcome these difliculties and to provide a construction which will decrease the concentrationof steam in theupper portion of the drum and thus allow more water to enter the tubes of the upper bank.

It is a further object of the invention to provide means for distributing the steam more uniformly lengthwise vof, the drum when side water walls are connected to the ends of the drum.

With these and other objects in view, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention resides in the combination of parts set forth in the specification and covered by the claims appended hereto. v

Referring to the drawing illustrating one embodiment of the invention, `and in which like reference numerals indicate like parts,

Fig. l is a vertical longitudinal section through a steam boiler andfurnace, the section being taken on the line I-I of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a detail View of a baille plate. l

In the drawing I have illustrated a steam boiler comprising a rear lower water drum I6, a front upper water drum II, and a steam and water drum I2 located above the drum I (l. These drums are arranged with their axes parallel and horizontal. The drum I6 is connected to the drum VII by a bank ofupwardly and forwardly sloping water tubes I4, and the drum II is connected to the drum I 2 by a bank of upwardly and rearwardly sloping water tubes I5. 'I'he drums I0 and i2 are connected by a bank of substantially vertical water tubes I 6. A steam drum I l is mounted above the front water drum II, and the drums I2 and I'I are connected by a row of steam tubes I 3 which support refractory material I3 arranged to form a roof for the boiler. Walls 2l are arranged to provide a furnace chamber 22 beneath the lower tube bank I4, and bailles 23 direct hot gases from the furnace successively across the tube banks I4, I5 and I6 to a gas outlet 24.

In order to protect the furnace Walls and at the same time generate steam by the absorption of radiant heat and thus prevent excessive furnace 5 temperatures, I preferably provide a row of vertical water wall tubes 26 at each side of the furnace. These tubes extend between lower headers 2l and upper headers 28. The lower headers 21 are supplied with water from the drum IIJ by 1G means of downcomer tubes 30 leading from the drum to the rear portions of the headers.` The rear portions of the upper headers 28 are connected to the steam and water drum I2 by upcomer tubes 3l, and the front portions of the l5 headers 28 are connected to theV front water drum II by upcomer tubes 32. At the front of the furnace I provide a row of vertical water wall tubes 34 which extend between the drum II and a horizontal header 35. This header is supplied 2o with water from the drum II by means of a row of downcomer tubes 36 `leading from the drum to the header and located outside of the tubes 34. The downcomer tubes 36 are protected from the heat by the refractory material of the furnace wall.

At the rear of the furnace I have shown a row of vertical water wall tubes `38 which extend between the drum Il) and a horizontal header 39.

This header is supplied with water from the drum I0 by means of a row of downcomer tubes 40 leading from the drum to the header and located outside of the tubes 34. The downcomer tubes 46 are protected from the heat by the refractory material of the furnace Wall. With the construction as so far described, there will bea large Aamount of steam discharged into the drum II and this steam will tend to accumulatein the upper portion of the drum and prevent the entrance of water into the tubesin the upper 40- part of the bank I5. Moreoven this steam concentration will be more pronounced near the ends of the drum, since the upcomer tubes 32 deliver a large amount of steam from the side water walls.

In order to overcome this difiiculty, I provide means for baffling the steam which is released in Athe drum II and for directing the steam rearwardly so that a larger portion thereof will enter the tubes in the lower part of the bank I5. Moreover, I `preferably deflect some of the steam from the `end portions of the `drum toward the center thereof. The preferred construction illustrated comprises a baille plateV or deector 42 generally rectangular in shape` and extending longitudinally charged by these tubes.

f is rearwardly deflected by the baille 42.

drum from each end thereof. These vanes defleet some of the steamtoward the central portion of the drum and thus tend to equalize the steam distribution throughout the length of the drum, while the baille plate 42 deflects the steam Y toward the rear ofthe drum and thereby causes the steam to be distributed more evenly among the tubes of the bank I5.

In order to assist the baffle 42 in obtaining the desired steam distribution, I preferably provide a baffle plate 45 in the lower water drum I3. This baflle 45'extends rearwardly and upwardly above the upper ends ofthe rear water wall tubes 38, and deects the steam rearwardly which isl dis- As a result, this steam enters the tubes in the upper portion of the front drum II, where it mingles with the steam which y The baille plate 45 has a further advantage in that it prevents the entrance of steam'into the lower ends of the lower tubes in the bank I4. These tubes are subjected to intense radiant heat, and should have an ample supply of water free from steam.

The operation of the invention willnow be apparent from the above disclosure. The furnace 22 is red in any suitable manner, and the hot gases flow acrossA the tube banks I4, I5 and I6 to the gas outlet 24. Water circulates downwardly in the tube bank I6 and upwardly in the tube banks I4 and I5. Steam which is generated in the various tubes is finally released in the drum I2 and flows through the tubes I3 to the drum I'l, from which it is withdrawn for use. Water flows from the drum I0 vdownwardly through the tubes 30 to the header 21 and thence upwardly through the side water wall tubes 26, the headers 28, and the upcomer tubes 3| and 32. Water ows from the drum II downwardly through the tubes 36 to the header 35 and thence upwardly through the front water wall tubes 34. The downcomer tubes 4B supply water from the drum II] to the header 39, and this water flows upwardly through the rear water wall tubes 38 and back to the drum. Y The steam and water mixture discharged by the tubes 38 is deflected rearwardly by the baie plate 45 and enters the tubes in the upper portion of the bank I4. This not only protects the lower tubes of the bank by ensuring an ample supply of water free from steam, but it also causes more of the steam to be released in the rear portion of the drum II. 'I'he steam which is delivered to the drum I I by the tubes 32, 34 and I4 is deflected rearwardly by the bale plate 42 and flows upwardly along'the rear wall of the drum. As a result the steam is distributed more uniformly among the vertically spaced tube rows in the bank I5. At the same time, the vanes 43 deflect steam from the end portions of the drum toward the center, and thus tend to overcome the steam concentration at the ends of the drum caused by the side water wall upcomers 32. The deflector plates 42 and 45 areinexpensive to manufacture and install, and they can be easily removed to permit access to the tubes for cleaning.

Having thus described my invention, what I yclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A steam boiler comprising a transverse horizontal water drum, a lower bank of tubes connected to the drum, an upper bank of tubes connected to the drum, walls forming a furnace chamber beneath the lower tube bank, water wall tubes associated with the side walls of the furnace chamber and arranged to discharge 'steam and water into the end portions of the drum, and baffle means within the drum to deflect steam toward the central portion of the drum.

2. A steam boiler comprising a transverse horizontal water drum, a lower bank of tubes connected to the drum and sloping rearwardly and downwardly therefrom, an upper bank of tubes connected tothe drum and sloping rearwardly steam and water into the drum, water wall tubes arranged to discharge steam and water into the end portions of the drum, a bank of tubes connected to the upper rear portion of the drum, a baffle plate mounted Vwithin the drum and sloping upwardly and' rearwardly to deflect steam toward the rear wall of the drum, and vanes on the lower surface of the baflie plate which are angularly positioned and directed rearwardly and toward the center of the drum from each end thereof.

4. A steam boiler comprising a horizontal water drum, a lower bank of tubes connected to the drum and sloping downwardly and rearwardly therefrom, an upper bank of tubes connected to the drum and sloping upwardly and rearwardly therefrom, a row of water wall tubes connected to the drum in front of the lower bank, and an upwardly and rearwardly sloping baffle plate mounted within the lower portion of the drum and above the water wall tubes, said plate extending part way only toward the rear wall of the drum and serving to deflect steam from the water wall tubes rearwardly.

5. A steam boiler comprising a horizontal rear water drum, a horizontal front water drum at a higher elevation than the rear drum, a bank of substantially vertical downcomer tubes connected to the. upper rear portion of the rear drum, a bank of inclined steam generating tubes extending from the front upper portion of the rear drum to the front drum, a row of water wall tubes connected to the rear drum beneath the bank of steam generating tubes, and a baille plate mounted within the rear drum and above the water wall tubes, said baffle plate sloping upwardly and rearwardly from the front wall of the drum and extendingpart way only toward the opposite wall of the drum to deflect steam discharged by the water wall tubes away from the ends of the lower steam generating tubes without preventing the flow of water from the downcomer tubes to the steam generating tubes.

JAMES W. ARMOUR.

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