US2027940A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Jan. M, 1936. J, G, VINCENT 2027,94@

INTERNAL COMBUST ION ENGINE 31a/vanto@ f TE .-Z M5555" MAIDEN?.

Jan. 14, 1936. J. G. VINCENT 2,027,940

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 23, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 M5555 E V2A/'BENI dbtofcweq Jam 14, 1936- J. G. VINCENT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 25, 21.9551.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 dumm,

Patented Jan. 14, 1936 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Jesse G. Vincent, Detroit, Mich., assigner to Packard Motor Car Company, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application December 23, 1931, Serial No. 582,810

5 Claims. (Cl. 121-194) This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and particularly to the structure of the engine parts.

The construction of this invention is especially useful in Diesel engines where the explosions are particularly heavy and the engine must necessarily be sturdily made and well supported in order thatyibration and noise may be minimized.

One of the objects of the present invention is to so make the various parts thereof that they will, when put together, form a rigid box-like structure capab-le of resisting vibration and of being supported rigidly on suitable mountings.

Another object of the invention is to so form the box-like parts of the engine that they may be readily machined and easily put together.

Another object of the invention is to form the various parts of the engine so that when they are assembled the engine as a whole will present a relatively smooth outward appearance and will have practically all of the operating parts housed within itself.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical end view of an engine made in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2` is an end view of the engine shown in Fig. 1 with the parts disassembled from each other but arranged in close relation to each other to indicate how they are joined together, and

Fig. 3 is a side View of the engine shown in Fig. 1.

The engine sho-wn in the drawings is preferably a Diesel engine of the marine type and it is adapted to be supported upon separated side beams such as those indicated at Iii in Fig. 1.

The crank case of the engine is composed of two principal parts, a lower section II and an upper section I2, each of these sections being of box-like construction in cross section as is shown by the end Views, Figs. 1 and 2. The lower section II forms the sump or oil containing compartment and the upper section I2 forms asupport for the various operating shafts of the engine. At the right, in Fig. 1, is shown a bearing I3 for a cam shaft to operate the fuel injection device, and at the left is shown a bearing Iii for a cam shaft for operating the engine Valves. Between the crank case sections is formed a bearing I5 suitab-le for the engine crank shaft.

The lower crank case section II, as shown in Fig. 3, extends beyond the end of the upper section to form the lower part of a gear box or transmission case, this extended part being indicated at IIa, and a separate detachable casting IZ is secured over the part IIa and to the end of the section I2 to complete the housing of the transmission. A cover IED is provided for the top of the part 52a..

The lower crank case section I I has a heavy ange I6 extending outwardly from each side and preferably running the full length of the crank case including the extended part IIa, and the upper section I2 has a similar flange Il on each side. These flanges are the main supporting legs of the engine and they are bolted together and to the supports IIJ as by bolts I8, thus rigidly connecting both sections of the crank case to the supports.

The upper crank case section I2 has its open sides closed by detachable covers I9 and 2l), thus completing the enclosure of the shafts within the casing.

Mounted upon the crank case is a cylinder block 2I secured to the crank case by suitable bolts, two of which are shown at 22 in Fig. 1. The casting for this cylinder block is also of somewhat box-like section, its walls being extended to enclose some of the valve and injection mechanism. The sides of the cylinder block are closed by suitable detachable covers 23 and 24. The cylinder block ZI has its cylinders extending below the lower face of the block and when the block rests in position on the crank case these extensions of the cylinders are within the upper part of the crank case. This construction is shown in the exploded View, Fig. 2, and the lower extension of one of the cylinders is shown through an opening in the end of the crank case in Fig. 1.

Detachably mounted upon the upper end of the cylinder block is a casting 25 forming a head for each of the cylinders. This cylinder head casting has secured to it on the right hand side an intake manifold 26 and on the left hand side an exhaust manifold 21.

Mounted above the cylinder head and detachably secured thereto and to the manifolds is a cover 23 which covers the valve operating mechanism not shown in the drawing.

At each side of the cylinder block there are formed compartments 34) and 3|, such compartments extending substantially the full length of r the cylinder block. The sides and top of the cylinder block adjacent the compartments are open, the manifold 2B resting on top of the cylinder block extending substantially across the open top of the compartment 30 and the head block 25 and the manifold 21 extending over the compartment 3|. Depending from the manifold 26 is a iiange 32 arranged to project into the compartment with its outer surface flush with the outer face of the adjacent side wall of the cylinder block. A flange 33 depends from the manifold 21 and projects into the compartment 3|, the outer face of this ange being arranged to lie ush with the outer surface of the adjacent side wall of the cylinder' block. The cover plate 23 is secured across its top to the flange 32 and the cover plate 24 is secured across its top to the flange 3|, thereby providing a good seal at the top of the compartments. Because these flanges 3| and 32 are removable from the cylinder block, machining of the walls forming the compartment can be readily accomplished because there is no interference such as would be caused if the flanges 3| and 32.

were formed as a part of the upper side walls of the cylinder block. Due to the similarity of the sides of the upper half of the crank case, the cylinder block and the manifolds, finishing of the surfaces along the sides thereof prior to assembly can be readily accomplished due to accessibility. The same fixtures can be used for the finishing of both sides of the upper half of the crank case, the same xtures can be used for finishing both sides of the cylinder block and the same fixtures can be used for finishing the adjacent portions of the manifolds and the head. In addition to the symmetrical structure which is formed, the cost of finishing, from the standpoint of labor and fixtures, is low.

Thus is built up a very sturdy engine construction in which all the box-like structural parts are closely held together and formed into a rigid whole that is capable of withstanding the heavy explosions that are inherent in an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type.

While I have herein described in some detail a specific embodiment of my invention, which I deem to be new and advantageous and may specifically claim, I do not desire it to be understood that my invention is limited to the exact details of the construction, as it will be apparent that changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of upper and lower crank case sections, said sections being of box formation in cross section with the sides extending substantially in line vertically, said upper box section having open sides, supporting flanges extending outwardly from the adjacent side walls of the sections, cover plates secured against the sides of the upper section over the openings therein, and means securing said supporting anges together and to a support.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with upper and lower crank case sections having means formed therewith to support a crank shaft between them, the upper of said sections having means for supporting operating shafts therein, a cylinder block mounted upon the crank case and having cylinder portions extending into the crank case, a detachable head mounted on the cylinder block, said head having each side wall extending substantially in a straight line both vertically and longitudinally and formed with openings therein, separate intake and exhaust manifolds having portions engaging against the side walls of the head and secured in communication with the openings therein, and a cover extending over the cylinder head and the manifold portions, said cover being secured against the top of the .side walls of said manifolds.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a crank case having open side walls extending substantially in straight parallel lines, a cylinder block mounted upon the crank case and having its side walls open and in line with the side walls of the crank case, a detachable head formed with open side walls and mounted on the cylinder block, said head being of less width than the cylinder block and arranged short of the sides thereof with the sides extending in a straight line vertically and longitudinally, a cover mounted on the cylinder head having its side walls substantially in alignment with the side walls of the cylinder block, an intake manifold secured to the head and having a portion filling the space intermediate the cylinder block and the cover on one side of the engine, and an exhaust manifold secured to the head and having a portion filling the space between the cylinder block and the cover on the other side of the engine.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder block having compartments at the sides thereof, the top and side Walls of the block being open to the compartments, a head structure over the top of the cylinder block, said head structure having depending flanges extending into the compartments in flush relation with the outer surface of the side walls of the block, and side cover plates for the compartments overlying the flanges and secured thereto.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder block having chambers at the sides thereof, the top and side walls of the block being open to the chambers, an exhaust manifold overlying the open end of one cf the chambers, an intake manifold overlying the open end of the other chamber, each manifold having a flanged portion extending into the adjacent chamber with the outer face flush with the outer surface of the adjacent side of the cylinder block, and side cover plates for the chambers overlying the flanges and secured thereto.

JESSE G. VINCENT.

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