US20210016377A1 - Fixture that holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen - Google Patents
Fixture that holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen Download PDFInfo
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- US20210016377A1 US20210016377A1 US16/517,068 US201916517068A US2021016377A1 US 20210016377 A1 US20210016377 A1 US 20210016377A1 US 201916517068 A US201916517068 A US 201916517068A US 2021016377 A1 US2021016377 A1 US 2021016377A1
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- block
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- fixture
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- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/14—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply
- B23H7/20—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply for programme-control, e.g. adaptive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
- B23H11/003—Mounting of workpieces, e.g. working-tables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
Definitions
- This disclosure pertains to a fixture that holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen. More specifically, this disclosure pertains to a fixture having first engagement surfaces that clamp to one end of a specimen and having second engagement surfaces that clamp to the opposite end of the specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen. The fixture clamping to opposite ends of the specimen prevents the specimen from bending during electrical discharge machining of the specimen.
- a micro-thin specimen is constructed of the same material as the additively manufactured part, for example a metal.
- a micro-thin specimen could be as thin as under 0.030′′, and have an overall length of under 0.065′′, with tolerances as small as +/ ⁇ 0.0005′′.
- EDM electrical discharge machining
- a standard EDM fixture holds the specimen at only one end with the opposite end of the specimen being cantilevered and free to move. This often results in the material of the specimen bending during EDM machining.
- a heat affected zone of the material of the specimen is produced on the outer surface of the specimen where the EDM machining is taking place. The heat affected zone of the specimen cools at a different rate than the interior of the specimen during the cooling of the specimen after the EDM machining. This often results in the specimen bending when cooling.
- the fixture of this disclosure holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen and prevents the specimen from bending.
- a fixture that holds a specimen for machining of the specimen is described.
- the fixture includes a first block and a second block that are removably attachable together by a plurality of fasteners.
- the specimen to be machined is positioned between the first block and the second block and the fasteners are tightened down, clamping the specimen between the first block and the second block.
- the first block has a hole extending through the first block.
- the hole is positioned between and separates a first engagement surface on the first block and a second engagement surface on the first block.
- a first groove extends across the first block and across the hole through the first block.
- a first part of the first groove is positioned on one side of the hole through the first block and a second part of the first groove is positioned on an opposite side of the hole through the first block.
- the first groove is positioned on the first block between and separating the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block.
- the second block also has a hole extending through the second block.
- the hole on the second block is positioned between and separates a first engagement surface on the second block and a second engagement surface on the second block.
- a second groove extends across the second block and across the hole through the second block.
- a first part of the second groove is positioned on one side of the hole through the second block and a second part of the second groove is positioned on an opposite side of the hole through the second block.
- the second groove is positioned on the second block between and separating the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block.
- a shaft extends from the first block.
- the shaft is configured for attachment to an electrical discharge machining device for electrical discharge machining of the specimen held by the first block and the second block of the fixture.
- a plurality of dowel pins project from one of the first block and the second block.
- a plurality of dowel pin holes extend into the other of the first block and the second block. The plurality of dowel pins engage in the plurality of dowel pin holes when removably attaching the first block and the second block to securely align and hold the first block and the second block relative to each other.
- the specimen in use of the fixture in electrical discharge machining of a specimen, is first positioned between the first block and the second block before the first block and the second block are releasably attached together.
- the first block and the second block are releasably attached together by a plurality of fasteners, one end of the specimen is clamped between the first engagement surface on the first block and the first engagement surface on the second block, and the opposite end of the specimen is clamped between the second engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the second block.
- the specimen With the specimen clamped between the first block and the second block, the specimen is accessible for machining through the first groove extending across the first block and the second groove extending across the second block.
- the specimen is also accessible for machining through the hole through the first block and the hole through the second block.
- the fixture holds opposite ends of the specimen during an electrical discharge machining performed on the specimen and prevents the test samples cut from the specimen from bending or curving during the electrical discharge machining.
- a fixture that holds a specimen when machining the specimen.
- the fixture comprises a first block and a hole through the first block, the hole being positioned between and separating a first engagement surface on the first block and a second engagement surface on the first block.
- the system also comprises a second block and a hole through the second block, the hole positioned between and separating a first engagement surface on the second block and a second engagement surface on the second block.
- the system also comprises a shaft extending from the first block.
- the first block and the second block is attachable together to clamp a specimen between the first engagement surface on the first block and the first engagement surface on the second block and between the second engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the second block with the specimen being accessible for machining through the hole through the first block and through the hole through the second block.
- the shaft is configured for attachment to a device that is operable to machine the specimen clamped between the first engagement surface on the first block and the first engagement surface on the second block and between the second engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the second block.
- the device that is operable to machine the specimen is an electrical discharge machine.
- FIG. 1 is a representation of a top, perspective view of a shaft end of a fixture, according to an example embodiment of this disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a representation of a top perspective view of the end of the fixture opposite the shaft end, according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a representation of a top perspective view of the first block of the fixture, according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a representation of a top perspective view of the second block of the fixture, according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a representation of a perspective view of the first block and second block of the fixture clamped together, according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a representation of an additional perspective view of the first block and second block of the fixture clamped together, according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a representation of the fixture clamped on an EDM machine, according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a representation of the fixture clamped on an EDM machine, with the fixture rotated 90° from the position of the fixture represented in FIG. 7 , according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a representation of the fixture holding a specimen from which test samples have been cut, according to an example embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a method of machining a specimen, according to an example embodiment.
- FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 of the drawing figures represent a fixture 10 according to an example embodiment of this disclosure.
- the fixture 10 is designed to hold a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen and prevent bending of the specimen during the machining.
- the fixture 10 comprises a first block 12 , a second block 14 , and a shaft 16 projecting from the first block 12 .
- the first block 12 , the second block 14 and the shaft 16 are constructed of a material sufficiently strong to securely hold a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen, for example, a metal or other equivalent material.
- the first block 12 is represented in FIG. 3 .
- the first block 12 has a general cubic configuration. As represented in FIG. 3 , the configuration of the first block 12 is defined by a proximal exterior side wall 22 and an opposite distal exterior side wall 24 , a left side exterior side wall 26 and an opposite right side exterior side wall 28 .
- the cubic configuration of the first block 12 is also defined by an interior surface 32 of the first block 12 and an opposite exterior surface 34 of the first block 12 .
- the shaft 16 is integrally attached to the proximal exterior side wall 22 of the first block 12 and is one piece with the first block 12 .
- the shaft 16 has a cylindrical exterior surface 36 that extends from a proximal end surface 38 of the shaft to a distal end surface 42 of the shaft. As represented in FIG. 3 , about half of the shaft proximal end surface 38 is formed integrally with the proximal exterior side wall 22 of the first block 12 . In other examples, a different amount of the shaft proximal end surface is formed integrally with the proximal exterior side wall 22 of the first block 12 .
- the shaft exterior surface 36 is configured for attachment to a chuck or other attachment mechanism of an electrical discharge machine.
- the first block 12 has a hole 44 extending through the first block.
- the hole 44 is for a profile cut of the specimen.
- the hole 44 has a general, rectangular configuration defined by a proximal interior side wall 46 and an opposite distal interior side wall 48 , a left side interior side wall 52 and an opposite right side interior side wall 54 .
- the hole 44 is positioned between and separates a first engagement surface 56 on the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 and a second engagement surface 58 on the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 .
- the first engagement surface 56 and the second engagement surface 58 are flat and coplanar.
- the four hole notches 62 that pass through the first block 12 and intersect the hole 44 through the first block 12 at the four corners of the hole 44 through the first block 12 .
- the four hole notches 62 have generally semi-circular cross-section configurations and are positioned at the opposite ends of the proximal interior side wall 46 where the proximal interior side wall 46 intersects with the left side interior side wall 52 and the right side interior side wall 54 , and are positioned at the opposite ends of the distal interior side wall 48 where the distal interior side wall 48 intersects with the left side interior side wall 52 and the right side interior side wall 54 .
- the four hole notches 62 are dimensioned to receive a wire of an electrical discharge machine through the notches.
- a first groove 64 is recessed into the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 .
- the first groove 64 is for a face cut of the specimen.
- the first groove 64 extends across the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 and across the hole 44 through the first block 12 .
- a first part 64 A of the first groove 64 is positioned on one side of the hole 44 through the first block 12 and a second part 64 B of the groove 64 is positioned on an opposite side of the hole 44 through the first block 12 .
- the first groove 64 has a length dimension that is substantially equal to a width dimension of the hole 44 through the first block 12 .
- the first groove 64 is positioned on the first block 12 between and separating the first engagement surface 56 on the first block 12 and the second engagement surface 58 on the first block 12 .
- Four grooves notches 66 pass through the left side exterior side wall 26 and the left side interior side wall 52 of the first block 12 , and through the right side exterior side wall 28 and the right side interior side wall 58 of the first block 12 . Pairs of the four groove notches 66 are positioned at opposite sides of the first groove 64 and intersect with and are perpendicular to the four hole notches 62 .
- the four groove notches 66 have general semi-circular cross-section configurations and are dimensioned to receive a wire of an electrical discharge machine through the four groove notches 66 .
- dowel pins 68 project outwardly from the first engagement surface 56 and the second engagement surface 58 of the first block 12 .
- the four dowel pins 68 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first engagement surface 56 and the second engagement surface 58 of the first block 12 .
- Three internally threaded fastener holes 72 extend into the first engagement surface 56 and the second engagement surface 58 of the first block 12 . As represented in FIG. 3 , one of the internally screw threaded holes 72 extends into the first engagement surface 56 and two of the internally screw threaded holes 72 extend into the second engagement surface 58 .
- the second block 14 of the fixture 10 is represented in FIG. 4 .
- the second block 14 has a construction that is substantially the same as that of the first block 12 , and that is substantially a match of the construction of the first block 12 .
- the hole through the first block, the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block substantially match the hole through the second block, the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block.
- This matching allows the hole through the first block, the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block to align with, respectively, the hole through the second block, the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block, when the first and second blocks are attached.
- the second block 14 also has a cubic configuration defined by a proximal exterior side wall 82 and an opposite distal exterior side wall 84 , and a left side exterior side wall 86 and an opposite right side exterior side wall 88 .
- the cubic configuration of the second block 14 is also defined by an interior surface 92 of the second block 14 and an opposite exterior surface 94 of the second block 14 .
- the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 opposes the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 in use of the fixture 10 .
- a hole 96 extends through the second block 14 .
- the hole 96 is for a profile cut of the specimen.
- the hole 96 through the second block 14 has substantially the same configuration as the hole 44 through the first block 12 .
- the hole 96 through the second block 14 has a general rectangular configuration defined by a proximal interior side wall 98 and an opposite distal interior side wall 102 , a left side interior side wall 104 and an opposite right side interior side wall 106 .
- the hole 96 through the second block 14 is positioned between and separates a first engagement surface 108 on the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 and a second engagement surface 112 on the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 .
- the first engagement surface 108 and the second engagement surface 112 are flat and coplanar surfaces.
- the four hole notches 114 pass through the second block 14 at the four corners of the hole 96 through the second block 14 .
- the four hole notches 114 are positioned at opposite ends of the proximal interior side wall 98 where the proximal interior side wall 98 intersects with the left side interior side wall 104 and the right side interior side wall 106 , and the opposite ends of the distal interior side wall 102 where the distal interior side wall 102 intersects with the left side interior side wall 104 and the right side interior side wall 106 .
- Each of the four hole notches 114 has a general semi-circular cross-section configuration and is dimensioned to receive a wire of an electrical discharge machine through the notch.
- the four hole notches 62 and the four hole notches 114 allow for threading a wire of an electrical discharge machine through fixture 10 when the specimen clamped to the fixture 10 covers or substantially covers hole 44 and hole 96 .
- a second groove 116 is recessed into the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 .
- the second groove 116 is for a face cut of the specimen.
- the second groove 116 extends across the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 and across the hole 96 through the second block 14 .
- a first part 116 A of the second groove 116 is positioned on one side of the hole 96 through the second block 14 and a second part 116 B of the groove 116 is positioned on an opposite side of the hole 96 through the second block 14 .
- the second groove 116 has a length dimension that is substantially equal to a width dimension of the hole 96 through the second block 14 .
- the second groove 116 is positioned on the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 between and separating the first engagement surface 108 of the second block 14 and the second engagement surface 112 of the second block 14 .
- Each of the groove notches 118 also intersects one of the four hole notches 114 through the second block 14 and is oriented perpendicular to the hole notch.
- dowel pin holes 122 extend into the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 .
- Two of the dowel pin holes 122 extend into the first engagement surface 108 of the second block 14 and two of the dowel pin holes 122 extend into the second engagement surface 112 of the second block 14 .
- Each of the dowel pin holes 122 has a cross-section dimension that enables one of the dowel pins 68 on the first block 12 to be inserted into each of the dowel pin holes 122 in the second block 14 .
- the dowel pin holes 122 are also positioned on the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 to correspond with the positions of the four dowel pins 68 that project from the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 .
- the internally screw threaded holes 124 are positioned on the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 to correspond with the positions of the internally screw threaded holes 72 on the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 .
- the internally screw threaded holes 124 on the second block 14 are dimensioned to receive the same screw threaded fasteners as the internally screw threaded holes 72 on the first block 12 .
- the specimen 126 (represented by dashed lines in FIG. 3 and solid lines in FIGS. 7-9 ) is first positioned between the interior surface 32 of the first block 12 and the interior surface 92 of the second block 14 .
- the specimen 126 is positioned between the first block 12 and the second block 14 before the first block 12 and the second block 14 are releasably attached together.
- first block 12 and the second block 14 are releasably attached together by fasteners such as screw threaded fasteners that are screw threaded through the internally screw threaded holes 124 of the second block 14 and into the internally screw threaded holes 72 of the first block 12 .
- fasteners such as screw threaded fasteners that are screw threaded through the internally screw threaded holes 124 of the second block 14 and into the internally screw threaded holes 72 of the first block 12
- fasteners such as screw threaded fasteners that are screw threaded through the internally screw threaded holes 124 of the second block 14 and into the internally screw threaded holes 72 of the first block 12
- fasteners such as screw threaded fasteners that are screw threaded through the internally screw threaded holes 124 of the second block 14 and into the internally screw threaded holes 72 of the first block 12
- one end of the specimen 126 is clamped between the first engagement surface 56 on the first block 12 and the first engagement surface 108 on the second block 14
- the specimen 126 With the specimen 126 clamped between the first block 12 and the second block 14 , the specimen 126 is accessible for machining through the first groove 64 extending across the first block 12 and the second groove 116 extending across the second block 14 . The specimen 126 is also accessible for machining through the hole 44 through the first block 12 and the hole 96 through the second block 14 .
- the wire 132 (represented schematically in FIGS. 7 and 8 ) of the electrical discharge machine is passed through the first groove 64 of the first block 12 . More specifically, the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 is passed through a pair of aligned groove notches 66 at one side of the first groove 64 . The electrical discharge machine 128 is then operated to cause the wire 132 to move across a first face surface 134 of the specimen 126 and across the first groove 64 making a rough cut of the first face surface 134 of the specimen opposing the first groove 64 in the first block 12 .
- an opposite face surface of the specimen is then machined.
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 is then cut, removed from the first groove 64 and is passed through a pair of aligned groove notches 118 of the second groove 116 of the second block 14 .
- the electrical discharge machine 128 is then operated to move the wire 132 across the second groove 116 and across a second face surface 136 of the specimen 126 that opposes the second groove 116 to make a rough cut of the second face surface 136 of the specimen 126 .
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 is then cut and removed from the second groove 116 .
- a second, finishing cut can then be performed on the first face surface 134 of the specimen 126 .
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 is again threaded through an aligned pair of the groove notches 66 on one side of the first groove 64 in the first block 12 .
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 then makes a finishing cut across the first face surface 134 of the specimen 126 opposing the first groove 64 in the first block 12 .
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 is then cut and removed from the first groove 64 in the first block 12 .
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 can then be threaded through a pair of aligned groove notches 118 at one side of the second groove 116 in the second block 14 .
- the electrical discharge machine 128 is operated and the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 can then make a finishing cut on the second face surface 136 of the specimen 126 that opposes the second groove 116 .
- Additional finishing cuts could be made across the first face surface 134 of the specimen 126 and the second face surface 136 of the specimen 126 if needed.
- the fixture 10 can be rotated relative to the electrical discharge machine 128 so as to be in position for a profile cut of the specimen 126 .
- the fixture is then rotated about 90° relative to the electrical discharge machine 128 . This is represented in FIG. 8 .
- the fixture 10 is rotated manually or by the electrical discharge machine 128 .
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 is then threaded for a profile cut.
- the wire 132 is threaded through the hole 44 through the first block 12 and through the hole 96 of the second block 14 .
- the wire 132 of the electrical discharge machine 128 is threaded through a hole notch 62 of the first block 12 that is aligned with a hole notch 114 of the second block 14 .
- the electrical discharge machine 128 is then operated and the wire 132 is then used to make profile cuts to cut test samples, for example dog bone tensile test samples from the specimen 126 . This is represented in FIGS. 8 and 9 .
- the fixture 10 holds opposite ends of the specimen 126 during an electrical discharge machining performed on the specimen 126 and prevents the test samples cut from the specimen 126 from bending or curving during the electrical discharge machining.
- FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a method 200 of machining a specimen.
- Various embodiments of the method 200 may include additional steps not shown in FIG. 10 , fewer steps than shown in FIG. 10 , and/or different steps than shown in FIG. 10 . The method is described with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-9 .
- the method 200 includes clamping a specimen between a first engagement surface on a first block and a first engagement surface on a second block and between a second engagement surface on the first block and a second engagement surface on the second block with the specimen extending across a hole through the first block and extending across a hole through the second block.
- the method 200 includes machining a profile of the specimen through the hole through the first block and through the hole through the second block.
- the method includes machining a face surface of the specimen through a first groove on the first block between the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block and machining an opposite face surface of the specimen through a second groove on the second block between the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block.
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Abstract
Description
- This disclosure pertains to a fixture that holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen. More specifically, this disclosure pertains to a fixture having first engagement surfaces that clamp to one end of a specimen and having second engagement surfaces that clamp to the opposite end of the specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen. The fixture clamping to opposite ends of the specimen prevents the specimen from bending during electrical discharge machining of the specimen.
- Extremely thin specimens or micro-thin specimens are used in the analysis of additively manufactured parts. A micro-thin specimen is constructed of the same material as the additively manufactured part, for example a metal. A micro-thin specimen could be as thin as under 0.030″, and have an overall length of under 0.065″, with tolerances as small as +/−0.0005″.
- Machining micro-thin specimens to a high level of accuracy requires the use of electrical discharge machining (EDM) to maintain dimensional accuracy and keep residual stresses low. In the electrical discharge machining of a micro-thin specimen, a standard EDM fixture holds the specimen at only one end with the opposite end of the specimen being cantilevered and free to move. This often results in the material of the specimen bending during EDM machining. During EDM machining of the specimen, a heat affected zone of the material of the specimen is produced on the outer surface of the specimen where the EDM machining is taking place. The heat affected zone of the specimen cools at a different rate than the interior of the specimen during the cooling of the specimen after the EDM machining. This often results in the specimen bending when cooling.
- The fixture of this disclosure holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen and prevents the specimen from bending. In one example, a fixture that holds a specimen for machining of the specimen is described. The fixture includes a first block and a second block that are removably attachable together by a plurality of fasteners. Within examples, the specimen to be machined is positioned between the first block and the second block and the fasteners are tightened down, clamping the specimen between the first block and the second block.
- The first block has a hole extending through the first block. The hole is positioned between and separates a first engagement surface on the first block and a second engagement surface on the first block.
- A first groove extends across the first block and across the hole through the first block. A first part of the first groove is positioned on one side of the hole through the first block and a second part of the first groove is positioned on an opposite side of the hole through the first block. The first groove is positioned on the first block between and separating the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block.
- The second block also has a hole extending through the second block. The hole on the second block is positioned between and separates a first engagement surface on the second block and a second engagement surface on the second block.
- A second groove extends across the second block and across the hole through the second block. A first part of the second groove is positioned on one side of the hole through the second block and a second part of the second groove is positioned on an opposite side of the hole through the second block. The second groove is positioned on the second block between and separating the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block.
- Within examples, a shaft extends from the first block. The shaft is configured for attachment to an electrical discharge machining device for electrical discharge machining of the specimen held by the first block and the second block of the fixture.
- Within examples, a plurality of dowel pins project from one of the first block and the second block. A plurality of dowel pin holes extend into the other of the first block and the second block. The plurality of dowel pins engage in the plurality of dowel pin holes when removably attaching the first block and the second block to securely align and hold the first block and the second block relative to each other.
- Within examples, in use of the fixture in electrical discharge machining of a specimen, the specimen is first positioned between the first block and the second block before the first block and the second block are releasably attached together. As the first block and the second block are releasably attached together by a plurality of fasteners, one end of the specimen is clamped between the first engagement surface on the first block and the first engagement surface on the second block, and the opposite end of the specimen is clamped between the second engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the second block. With the specimen clamped between the first block and the second block, the specimen is accessible for machining through the first groove extending across the first block and the second groove extending across the second block. The specimen is also accessible for machining through the hole through the first block and the hole through the second block.
- In the above manner, the fixture holds opposite ends of the specimen during an electrical discharge machining performed on the specimen and prevents the test samples cut from the specimen from bending or curving during the electrical discharge machining.
- In an example, a fixture that holds a specimen when machining the specimen is described. The fixture comprises a first block and a hole through the first block, the hole being positioned between and separating a first engagement surface on the first block and a second engagement surface on the first block. The system also comprises a second block and a hole through the second block, the hole positioned between and separating a first engagement surface on the second block and a second engagement surface on the second block. The system also comprises a shaft extending from the first block. The first block and the second block is attachable together to clamp a specimen between the first engagement surface on the first block and the first engagement surface on the second block and between the second engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the second block with the specimen being accessible for machining through the hole through the first block and through the hole through the second block. The shaft is configured for attachment to a device that is operable to machine the specimen clamped between the first engagement surface on the first block and the first engagement surface on the second block and between the second engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the second block.
- Within examples, the device that is operable to machine the specimen is an electrical discharge machine.
- The features, functions, and advantages that have been discussed can be achieved independently in various embodiments or may be combined in yet other embodiments, further details of which can be seen with reference to the following description and drawings.
- Further features of the fixture of this disclosure and its method of use are set forth in the following detailed description and in the drawing figures.
-
FIG. 1 is a representation of a top, perspective view of a shaft end of a fixture, according to an example embodiment of this disclosure. -
FIG. 2 is a representation of a top perspective view of the end of the fixture opposite the shaft end, according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 3 is a representation of a top perspective view of the first block of the fixture, according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 4 is a representation of a top perspective view of the second block of the fixture, according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 5 is a representation of a perspective view of the first block and second block of the fixture clamped together, according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 6 is a representation of an additional perspective view of the first block and second block of the fixture clamped together, according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 7 is a representation of the fixture clamped on an EDM machine, according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 8 is a representation of the fixture clamped on an EDM machine, with the fixture rotated 90° from the position of the fixture represented inFIG. 7 , according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 9 is a representation of the fixture holding a specimen from which test samples have been cut, according to an example embodiment. -
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a method of machining a specimen, according to an example embodiment. -
FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 of the drawing figures represent afixture 10 according to an example embodiment of this disclosure. Thefixture 10 is designed to hold a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen and prevent bending of the specimen during the machining. Thefixture 10 comprises afirst block 12, asecond block 14, and ashaft 16 projecting from thefirst block 12. Thefirst block 12, thesecond block 14 and theshaft 16 are constructed of a material sufficiently strong to securely hold a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen, for example, a metal or other equivalent material. - The
first block 12 is represented inFIG. 3 . Thefirst block 12 has a general cubic configuration. As represented inFIG. 3 , the configuration of thefirst block 12 is defined by a proximalexterior side wall 22 and an opposite distalexterior side wall 24, a left sideexterior side wall 26 and an opposite right sideexterior side wall 28. The cubic configuration of thefirst block 12 is also defined by aninterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12 and anopposite exterior surface 34 of thefirst block 12. - The
shaft 16 is integrally attached to the proximalexterior side wall 22 of thefirst block 12 and is one piece with thefirst block 12. Theshaft 16 has acylindrical exterior surface 36 that extends from aproximal end surface 38 of the shaft to adistal end surface 42 of the shaft. As represented inFIG. 3 , about half of the shaftproximal end surface 38 is formed integrally with the proximalexterior side wall 22 of thefirst block 12. In other examples, a different amount of the shaft proximal end surface is formed integrally with the proximalexterior side wall 22 of thefirst block 12. Theshaft exterior surface 36 is configured for attachment to a chuck or other attachment mechanism of an electrical discharge machine. - The
first block 12 has ahole 44 extending through the first block. Thehole 44 is for a profile cut of the specimen. As represented inFIG. 3 , thehole 44 has a general, rectangular configuration defined by a proximalinterior side wall 46 and an opposite distalinterior side wall 48, a left sideinterior side wall 52 and an opposite right sideinterior side wall 54. Thehole 44 is positioned between and separates afirst engagement surface 56 on theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12 and asecond engagement surface 58 on theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12. Thefirst engagement surface 56 and thesecond engagement surface 58 are flat and coplanar. - There are four
hole notches 62 that pass through thefirst block 12 and intersect thehole 44 through thefirst block 12 at the four corners of thehole 44 through thefirst block 12. As represented inFIG. 3 , the fourhole notches 62 have generally semi-circular cross-section configurations and are positioned at the opposite ends of the proximalinterior side wall 46 where the proximalinterior side wall 46 intersects with the left sideinterior side wall 52 and the right sideinterior side wall 54, and are positioned at the opposite ends of the distalinterior side wall 48 where the distalinterior side wall 48 intersects with the left sideinterior side wall 52 and the right sideinterior side wall 54. The fourhole notches 62 are dimensioned to receive a wire of an electrical discharge machine through the notches. - A
first groove 64 is recessed into theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12. Thefirst groove 64 is for a face cut of the specimen. Thefirst groove 64 extends across theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12 and across thehole 44 through thefirst block 12. As represented inFIG. 3 , afirst part 64A of thefirst groove 64 is positioned on one side of thehole 44 through thefirst block 12 and asecond part 64B of thegroove 64 is positioned on an opposite side of thehole 44 through thefirst block 12. Thefirst groove 64 has a length dimension that is substantially equal to a width dimension of thehole 44 through thefirst block 12. Thefirst groove 64 is positioned on thefirst block 12 between and separating thefirst engagement surface 56 on thefirst block 12 and thesecond engagement surface 58 on thefirst block 12. - Four
grooves notches 66 pass through the left sideexterior side wall 26 and the left sideinterior side wall 52 of thefirst block 12, and through the right sideexterior side wall 28 and the right sideinterior side wall 58 of thefirst block 12. Pairs of the fourgroove notches 66 are positioned at opposite sides of thefirst groove 64 and intersect with and are perpendicular to the fourhole notches 62. The fourgroove notches 66 have general semi-circular cross-section configurations and are dimensioned to receive a wire of an electrical discharge machine through the fourgroove notches 66. - Four dowel pins 68 project outwardly from the
first engagement surface 56 and thesecond engagement surface 58 of thefirst block 12. The fourdowel pins 68 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to thefirst engagement surface 56 and thesecond engagement surface 58 of thefirst block 12. - Three internally threaded fastener holes 72 extend into the
first engagement surface 56 and thesecond engagement surface 58 of thefirst block 12. As represented inFIG. 3 , one of the internally screw threadedholes 72 extends into thefirst engagement surface 56 and two of the internally screw threadedholes 72 extend into thesecond engagement surface 58. - The
second block 14 of thefixture 10 is represented inFIG. 4 . Thesecond block 14 has a construction that is substantially the same as that of thefirst block 12, and that is substantially a match of the construction of thefirst block 12. For instance, in an example, the hole through the first block, the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block substantially match the hole through the second block, the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block. This matching allows the hole through the first block, the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block to align with, respectively, the hole through the second block, the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block, when the first and second blocks are attached. - The
second block 14 also has a cubic configuration defined by a proximalexterior side wall 82 and an opposite distalexterior side wall 84, and a left sideexterior side wall 86 and an opposite right sideexterior side wall 88. The cubic configuration of thesecond block 14 is also defined by aninterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14 and anopposite exterior surface 94 of thesecond block 14. Theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12 opposes theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14 in use of thefixture 10. - A
hole 96 extends through thesecond block 14. Thehole 96 is for a profile cut of the specimen. Thehole 96 through thesecond block 14 has substantially the same configuration as thehole 44 through thefirst block 12. As represented inFIG. 4 , thehole 96 through thesecond block 14 has a general rectangular configuration defined by a proximalinterior side wall 98 and an opposite distalinterior side wall 102, a left sideinterior side wall 104 and an opposite right sideinterior side wall 106. Thehole 96 through thesecond block 14 is positioned between and separates afirst engagement surface 108 on theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14 and asecond engagement surface 112 on theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14. Thefirst engagement surface 108 and thesecond engagement surface 112 are flat and coplanar surfaces. - Four
hole notches 114 pass through thesecond block 14 at the four corners of thehole 96 through thesecond block 14. The fourhole notches 114 are positioned at opposite ends of the proximalinterior side wall 98 where the proximalinterior side wall 98 intersects with the left sideinterior side wall 104 and the right sideinterior side wall 106, and the opposite ends of the distalinterior side wall 102 where the distalinterior side wall 102 intersects with the left sideinterior side wall 104 and the right sideinterior side wall 106. Each of the fourhole notches 114 has a general semi-circular cross-section configuration and is dimensioned to receive a wire of an electrical discharge machine through the notch. The fourhole notches 62 and the fourhole notches 114 allow for threading a wire of an electrical discharge machine throughfixture 10 when the specimen clamped to thefixture 10 covers or substantially covershole 44 andhole 96. - A
second groove 116 is recessed into theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14. Thesecond groove 116 is for a face cut of the specimen. Thesecond groove 116 extends across theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14 and across thehole 96 through thesecond block 14. As represented inFIG. 4 , afirst part 116A of thesecond groove 116 is positioned on one side of thehole 96 through thesecond block 14 and asecond part 116B of thegroove 116 is positioned on an opposite side of thehole 96 through thesecond block 14. Thesecond groove 116 has a length dimension that is substantially equal to a width dimension of thehole 96 through thesecond block 14. Thesecond groove 116 is positioned on theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14 between and separating thefirst engagement surface 108 of thesecond block 14 and thesecond engagement surface 112 of thesecond block 14. - Four
groove notches 118 pass through the left sideexterior side wall 86 and the left sideinterior side wall 104 of thesecond block 14, and through the right sideexterior side wall 88 and the right sideexterior side wall 106 of thesecond block 14. Pairs of the fourgroove notches 118 are positioned on opposite sides of thesecond groove 116 on thesecond block 14. The fourgroove notches 118 have semi-circular cross-section configurations and are dimensioned to receive a wire of an electrical discharge machine through thegroove notches 118. Each of thegroove notches 118 also intersects one of the fourhole notches 114 through thesecond block 14 and is oriented perpendicular to the hole notch. - Four dowel pin holes 122 extend into the
interior surface 92 of thesecond block 14. Two of the dowel pin holes 122 extend into thefirst engagement surface 108 of thesecond block 14 and two of the dowel pin holes 122 extend into thesecond engagement surface 112 of thesecond block 14. Each of the dowel pin holes 122 has a cross-section dimension that enables one of the dowel pins 68 on thefirst block 12 to be inserted into each of the dowel pin holes 122 in thesecond block 14. The dowel pin holes 122 are also positioned on theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14 to correspond with the positions of the fourdowel pins 68 that project from theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12. - There are also three internally screw threaded
holes 124 in theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14. The internally screw threadedholes 124 are positioned on theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14 to correspond with the positions of the internally screw threadedholes 72 on theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12. The internally screw threadedholes 124 on thesecond block 14 are dimensioned to receive the same screw threaded fasteners as the internally screw threadedholes 72 on thefirst block 12. - In use of the
fixture 10 in electrical discharge machining of a specimen, the specimen 126 (represented by dashed lines inFIG. 3 and solid lines inFIGS. 7-9 ) is first positioned between theinterior surface 32 of thefirst block 12 and theinterior surface 92 of thesecond block 14. Thespecimen 126 is positioned between thefirst block 12 and thesecond block 14 before thefirst block 12 and thesecond block 14 are releasably attached together. As thefirst block 12 and thesecond block 14 are releasably attached together by fasteners such as screw threaded fasteners that are screw threaded through the internally screw threadedholes 124 of thesecond block 14 and into the internally screw threadedholes 72 of thefirst block 12, one end of thespecimen 126 is clamped between thefirst engagement surface 56 on thefirst block 12 and thefirst engagement surface 108 on thesecond block 14. The opposite end of thespecimen 126 is clamped between thesecond engagement surface 58 on thefirst block 12 and thesecond engagement surface 112 on thesecond block 14. With thespecimen 126 clamped between thefirst block 12 and thesecond block 14, thespecimen 126 is accessible for machining through thefirst groove 64 extending across thefirst block 12 and thesecond groove 116 extending across thesecond block 14. Thespecimen 126 is also accessible for machining through thehole 44 through thefirst block 12 and thehole 96 through thesecond block 14. - With the
specimen 126 held between thefirst block 12 and thesecond block 14 of thefixture 10, and with thefixture 10 attached by theshaft 16 to an electrical discharge machine 128 (represented schematically inFIGS. 7 and 8 ), the wire 132 (represented schematically inFIGS. 7 and 8 ) of the electrical discharge machine is passed through thefirst groove 64 of thefirst block 12. More specifically, thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 is passed through a pair of alignedgroove notches 66 at one side of thefirst groove 64. Theelectrical discharge machine 128 is then operated to cause thewire 132 to move across afirst face surface 134 of thespecimen 126 and across thefirst groove 64 making a rough cut of thefirst face surface 134 of the specimen opposing thefirst groove 64 in thefirst block 12. In an example, an opposite face surface of the specimen is then machined. For instance, thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 is then cut, removed from thefirst groove 64 and is passed through a pair of alignedgroove notches 118 of thesecond groove 116 of thesecond block 14. Theelectrical discharge machine 128 is then operated to move thewire 132 across thesecond groove 116 and across asecond face surface 136 of thespecimen 126 that opposes thesecond groove 116 to make a rough cut of thesecond face surface 136 of thespecimen 126. - The
wire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 is then cut and removed from thesecond groove 116. - If needed, a second, finishing cut can then be performed on the
first face surface 134 of thespecimen 126. Thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 is again threaded through an aligned pair of thegroove notches 66 on one side of thefirst groove 64 in thefirst block 12. Thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 then makes a finishing cut across thefirst face surface 134 of thespecimen 126 opposing thefirst groove 64 in thefirst block 12. Thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 is then cut and removed from thefirst groove 64 in thefirst block 12. - The
wire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 can then be threaded through a pair of alignedgroove notches 118 at one side of thesecond groove 116 in thesecond block 14. Theelectrical discharge machine 128 is operated and thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 can then make a finishing cut on thesecond face surface 136 of thespecimen 126 that opposes thesecond groove 116. - Additional finishing cuts could be made across the
first face surface 134 of thespecimen 126 and thesecond face surface 136 of thespecimen 126 if needed. - The
fixture 10 can be rotated relative to theelectrical discharge machine 128 so as to be in position for a profile cut of thespecimen 126. In an example, with thewire 132 removed from thefixture 10, the fixture is then rotated about 90° relative to theelectrical discharge machine 128. This is represented inFIG. 8 . Within examples, thefixture 10 is rotated manually or by theelectrical discharge machine 128. Thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 is then threaded for a profile cut. In an example, thewire 132 is threaded through thehole 44 through thefirst block 12 and through thehole 96 of thesecond block 14. In another example, thewire 132 of theelectrical discharge machine 128 is threaded through ahole notch 62 of thefirst block 12 that is aligned with ahole notch 114 of thesecond block 14. Theelectrical discharge machine 128 is then operated and thewire 132 is then used to make profile cuts to cut test samples, for example dog bone tensile test samples from thespecimen 126. This is represented inFIGS. 8 and 9 . - In the above manner, the
fixture 10 holds opposite ends of thespecimen 126 during an electrical discharge machining performed on thespecimen 126 and prevents the test samples cut from thespecimen 126 from bending or curving during the electrical discharge machining. -
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of amethod 200 of machining a specimen. Various embodiments of themethod 200 may include additional steps not shown inFIG. 10 , fewer steps than shown inFIG. 10 , and/or different steps than shown inFIG. 10 . The method is described with reference to the embodiments shown inFIGS. 1-9 . - At
block 202, themethod 200 includes clamping a specimen between a first engagement surface on a first block and a first engagement surface on a second block and between a second engagement surface on the first block and a second engagement surface on the second block with the specimen extending across a hole through the first block and extending across a hole through the second block. Atblock 204, themethod 200 includes machining a profile of the specimen through the hole through the first block and through the hole through the second block. - At
block 206, the method includes machining a face surface of the specimen through a first groove on the first block between the first engagement surface on the first block and the second engagement surface on the first block and machining an opposite face surface of the specimen through a second groove on the second block between the first engagement surface on the second block and the second engagement surface on the second block. - By the term “substantially” it is meant that the recited characteristic, parameter, or value need not be achieved exactly, but that deviations or variations, including for example, tolerances, measurement error, measurement accuracy limitations and other factors known to skill in the art, may occur in amounts that do not preclude the effect the characteristic was intended to provide.
- As various modifications could be made in the construction of the fixture that holds a specimen for electrical discharge machining of the specimen and its method of operation herein described and illustrated without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative rather than limiting. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims appended hereto and their equivalents.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
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US16/517,068 US20210016377A1 (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Fixture that holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen |
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US16/517,068 US20210016377A1 (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Fixture that holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen |
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US20210016377A1 true US20210016377A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
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US16/517,068 Pending US20210016377A1 (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Fixture that holds a specimen during electrical discharge machining of the specimen |
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