US20200318866A1 - Sorption-based subcooler - Google Patents
Sorption-based subcooler Download PDFInfo
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- US20200318866A1 US20200318866A1 US16/828,209 US202016828209A US2020318866A1 US 20200318866 A1 US20200318866 A1 US 20200318866A1 US 202016828209 A US202016828209 A US 202016828209A US 2020318866 A1 US2020318866 A1 US 2020318866A1
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- Prior art keywords
- subcooling
- refrigerant
- desorber
- vapor
- compressor
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 8
- IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RVEJOWGVUQQIIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 RVEJOWGVUQQIIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/02—Subcoolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/06—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of jet type, e.g. using liquid under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/006—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with cascade operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/10—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with inert gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
- F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
- F25B17/083—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt with two or more boiler-sorbers operating alternately
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
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- F25B41/062—
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/08—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using ejectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
- F25B2341/0012—Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Definitions
- the following description relates to chillers and, more particularly, to sorption-based subcoolers.
- chillers typically include an ejector for pressure recovery.
- a compressor compresses a refrigerant and outputs the refrigerant in superheated form to a gas cooler and then, in some cases, to an ejector.
- the ejector is used for work recovery or pressure recovery of the refrigerant and can outputs the refrigerant in cooled form to an evaporator and the compressor.
- the refrigerant has often been a fluid with either a high greenhouse warming potential (GWP) characteristic or a high ozone depletion potential (ODP) characteristic.
- GWP greenhouse warming potential
- ODP ozone depletion potential
- a cooling system includes a compressor, an expansion valve, a gas cooler through which a refrigerant received from the compressor passes toward the expansion valve in a supercritical state, an evaporator interposed between the expansion valve and the compressor and a vapor sorption subcooling system.
- the vapor sorption subcooling system includes a desorber disposed to remove heat from refrigerant flowing from the gas cooler toward the expansion valve.
- an ejector is downstream from the desorber.
- the vapor sorption subcooling system includes a vapor absorption subcooling system.
- a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor absorption subcooling system includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- GWP greenhouse warming potential
- ODP low ozone depletion potential
- a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor absorption subcooling system includes carbon dioxide.
- the vapor absorption subcooling system includes a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an absorber for subcooling refrigerant absorption by an absorbent, a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the absorber in a supercritical state and a pump configured to pump at least the absorbent from the desorber to the absorber.
- the absorbent includes an ionic liquid.
- the vapor sorption subcooling system includes a vapor adsorption subcooling system.
- a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor adsorption subcooling system includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- GWP greenhouse warming potential
- ODP low ozone depletion potential
- a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor adsorption subcooling system includes carbon dioxide.
- the vapor adsorption subcooling system includes a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an adsorber disposed in parallel with the desorber for subcooling refrigerant adsorption by an adsorbent and a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the adsorber and the desorber in a supercritical state.
- the adsorbent includes a solid adsorbent and the solid adsorbent includes activated carbon or a metal organic framework (MOF).
- MOF metal organic framework
- a vapor absorption subcooling system includes a desorber in which a first refrigerant is cooled, a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an absorber for subcooling refrigerant absorption by an absorbent, a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the absorber in a supercritical state and a pump configured to pump at least the absorbent from the desorber to the absorber.
- the subcooling refrigerant includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- GWP greenhouse warming potential
- ODP low ozone depletion potential
- non-flammable refrigerant includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- the subcooling refrigerant includes carbon dioxide.
- the absorbent includes an ionic liquid.
- a vapor adsorption subcooling system includes a desorber in which a first refrigerant is cooled, a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an adsorber disposed in parallel with the desorber for subcooling refrigerant adsorption by an adsorbent and a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the adsorber and the desorber in a supercritical state.
- the subcooling refrigerant includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- GWP greenhouse warming potential
- ODP low ozone depletion potential
- non-flammable refrigerant includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- the subcooling refrigerant includes carbon dioxide.
- the adsorbent includes a solid adsorbent and the solid adsorbent includes activated carbon or a metal organic framework (MOF).
- MOF metal organic framework
- the desorber includes multiple desorbers
- the adsorber includes multiple adsorbers
- each one of the multiple adsorbers is paired with a corresponding one of the multiple desorbers to form respective combined beds and each of the combined beds is independently operable at a different adsorption stage.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a vapor absorption subcooling system of a cooling system in accordance with embodiments
- FIG. 2 is a graphical depiction of a coefficient of performance capability of the vapor absorption subcooling system of the cooling system of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a vapor adsorption subcooling system of a cooling system in accordance with embodiments
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of a vapor adsorption subcooling system of a cooling system in which the vapor adsorption subcooling system has more than two sorption beds operating at different stages of adsorption and desorption in accordance with embodiments;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a controller of the cooling systems of at least the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 .
- a cooling system for use in a supermarket cooling system uses a natural, non-toxic, low-GWP and ODP refrigerant.
- This refrigerant can be carbon dioxide, which is paired with an absorbent, such as one or more ionic liquids, or a solid adsorbent.
- the cooling system includes a gas cooler, a vapor absorption/adsorption-based subcooler and a desorber component that provides subcooling to refrigerant exiting the gas cooler.
- the ionic liquid absorbs the carbon dioxide in an exothermic process in which the heat of absorption is rejected to ambient in order to sustain absorption processes (this is similar to the heat of compression needing to be rejected to ambient in a conventional gas cooler).
- the cooling system 101 includes a first, low temperature compressor 110 and a second, high temperature compressor 111 .
- the first, low temperature compressor is configured to compress low temperature refrigerant and to output compressed refrigerant to the second, high temperature compressor 111 .
- the second, high temperature compressor 111 is configured to compress high temperature refrigerant and the compressed refrigerant received from the first, low temperature compressor into compressed or supercritical refrigerant.
- the cooling system 101 further includes a gas cooler 120 , which is disposed downstream from the second, high temperature compressor 111 and which is receptive of the compressed or supercritical refrigerant from the second, high temperature compressor 111 .
- the compressed or supercritical refrigerant is cooled slightly before flowing through a desorber 160 , an ejector 155 and first and second expansion valves 131 and 132 toward a first, low temperature evaporator 140 , which is associated with and upstream from the first, low temperature compressor 110 , or through the first expansion valve 131 toward a second, high temperature evaporator 141 , which is associated with and upstream from the second, high temperature compressor 111 .
- the cooling system 101 also includes a vapor sorption subcooling system 150 .
- the vapor sorption subcooling system 150 can be provided as a vapor absorption subcooling system 151 and includes the desorber 160 , which is disposed between the gas cooler 120 and the first and second expansion valves 131 and 132 and which is configured to remove heat from the refrigerant flowing from the gas cooler 120 toward the first and second expansion valves 131 and 132 .
- a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor absorption subcooling system 151 can include a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant. More particularly, the subcooling refrigerant of the vapor absorption subcooling system 151 can include carbon dioxide.
- the cooling system 101 can further include the ejector 155 disposed downstream from the desorber 160 .
- the cooling system 101 in such cases would have subcooling capability from the vapor sorption subcooling system 150 and pressure recovery using the ejector 155 . This would result in the cooling system 101 having increased COPs. It is to be understood that the ejector 155 is optional and that embodiments exist in which the ejector 155 is not present in the cooling system 101 .
- the vapor absorption subcooling system 151 includes a subcooling compressor 170 , which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber 160 , an absorber 180 for subcooling refrigerant absorption by an absorbent 182 , a subcooling gas cooler 190 through which the subcooling refrigerant that is received from the subcooling compressor 170 passes toward the absorber 180 in a supercritical state and a pump 200 .
- the vapor absorption subcooling system 151 further includes a first valve 210 , which is disposed immediately downstream from the subcooling gas cooler 190 and immediately upstream from the absorber 180 , and a second valve 211 , which is disposed immediately downstream from the absorber 180 and immediately upstream from the desorber 160 .
- the absorber 180 includes an enclosure 181 and the absorbent 182 , which is contained within the enclosure 181 .
- the absorbent 182 may include an ionic liquid (see below for example of ionic liquids). While this absorbent 182 (i.e., ionic liquid) is contained within the enclosure 181 , it can be used to dissolve the subcooling refrigerant (i.e., carbon dioxide).
- the ionic liquid can be immobilized in an adsorbent.
- the vapor absorption subcooling system 151 is similar to an adsorption system (to be discussed below) where pores of an adsorbent are filled with the ionic liquid (sometimes referred to as an immobilized ionic liquid).
- the desorber 160 provides subcooling to the refrigerant exiting the gas cooler 120 . This is accomplished as follows.
- the subcooling refrigerant flowing into the absorber 180 from the subcooling gas cooler 190 is absorbed into the absorbent 182 (i.e., absorption by the subcooling refrigerant being dissolved into the absorbent 182 within the enclosure 182 ) as part of an exothermic process.
- the heat of absorption gets rejected to ambient.
- the absorbent 182 with the subcooling refrigerant absorbed therein flows through the second valve 211 to the desorber 160 , which is at a lower pressure than the absorber 180 .
- the subcooling refrigerant desorbs from the absorbent 182 in an endothermic process and provides cooling through a heat transfer surface to the refrigerant flowing from the gas cooler 120 .
- the subcooling refrigerant that desorbs is recompressed by the subcooling compressor 170 .
- At least the absorbent 182 or a mixture of the absorbent 182 and a portion of the subcooling refrigerant is pumped back into the absorber 180 in order to complete the cycle by the pump 200 .
- the absorber 180 and the desorber 160 can be operated in a cyclic mode.
- the cooling system 101 in combination with the vapor absorption subcooling system 151 has a high COP due to the high heat of desorption which can be 1-10 times higher than the heat of vaporization depending on the absorbent.
- a subcooler cycle of the vapor absorption subcooling system 151 subcools the refrigerant by about 15° C. and operates between 4-7 MPa.
- the cooling system 101 is provided with the vapor sorption system 150 .
- the vapor sorption subcooling system 150 can be provided as a vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 and includes the desorber 160 , which is disposed between the gas cooler 120 and the first expansion valve 131 and which is configured to remove heat from the refrigerant flowing from the gas cooler 120 toward the first and second expansion valves 131 and 132 .
- a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 can include a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant. More particularly, the subcooling refrigerant of the vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 can include carbon dioxide.
- the vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 includes the subcooling compressor 170 , which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber 160 , an adsorber 310 for subcooling refrigerant adsorption by an adsorbent 312 , a subcooling gas cooler 190 through which the subcooling refrigerant that is received from the subcooling compressor 170 passes toward the adsorber 310 in a supercritical state and a valve system 320 .
- the valve system 320 includes first and second valves 321 and 322 , which are respectively disposed upstream from the adsorber 310 and the desorber 160 and which respectively control subcooling refrigerant flows into the adsorber 310 and the desorber 160 , as well as third, fourth and fifth valves 323 , 324 and 325 , which are respectively downstream from the adsorber 310 and the desorber 160 and which are respectively configured to control flows of the subcooling refrigerant to the subcooling compressor 170 .
- the subcooling refrigerant flowing into the adsorber 310 from the subcooling gas cooler 190 is adsorbed into the adsorbent 312 as part of an exothermic process.
- the heat of adsorption gets rejected to ambient.
- adsorption and desorption beds of the adsorber 310 and the desorber 160 can be operated in a cyclic mode.
- the adsorber 310 can include two or more adsorbent beds.
- the adsorber 310 includes an enclosure 311 and a solid adsorbent 312 contained within the enclosure 311 .
- the solid adsorbent 312 can include or be provided as activated carbon and metal organic frameworks (MOFs).
- the cooling system 101 is provided with the vapor sorption system 150 and the vapor sorption subcooling system 150 can be provided as a vapor adsorption subcooling system 501 .
- the vapor adsorption subcooling system 501 is similar to the vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 but is characterized in that the desorber 160 includes multiple desorbers 160 , the adsorber 180 includes multiple adsorbers 180 and each one of the multiple adsorbers 180 is paired with a corresponding one of the multiple desorbers 160 in respective desorber/adsorber beds 4101 , 4102 and 4103 that are fed by valve system 420 .
- the respective desorber/adsorber beds 4101 , 4102 and 4103 are operable at different stages of adsorption and desorption to mitigate a potential issue of intermittency in which the desorber 160 switches from desorption mode to adsorption mode.
- cooling loads can be maintained by having the different multiple desorbers 160 at different stages of desorption.
- the other of the multiple desorbers 160 are available to provide cooling effects to satisfy extra cooling requirements.
- a controller 501 can be provided to control various components of the cooling system 101 of at least the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 .
- the controller 501 can include a processing unit 510 , a memory unit 520 , a networking unit 530 , a servo control unit 540 and an input/output (I/O) bus 550 by which the processing unit 510 , the memory unit 520 , the networking unit 530 and the servo control unit 540 are communicative.
- the networking unit 530 is configured to enable communications between the processing unit 510 and various sensing elements disposable throughout the cooling system 101 as well as external computing systems.
- the servo control unit 540 is responsive to instructions issued by the processing unit 510 to thereby control operations of the first and second expansion valves 131 and 132 , the first and second valves 210 and 211 of the embodiments of FIG. 1 , the pump 200 of the embodiments of FIG. 1 , the valve system 320 of FIG. 3 and the valve system 420 of FIG. 4 .
- the memory unit 520 has executable instructions stored thereon, which are readable and executable by the processing unit 510 such that, when the executable instructions are read and executed by the processing unit 510 , the executable instructions cause the processing unit 510 to generate and issue the commands to the servo control unit 540 .
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit of Provisional Application No. 62/830,924 filed Apr. 8, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- The following description relates to chillers and, more particularly, to sorption-based subcoolers.
- Currently, chillers typically include an ejector for pressure recovery. In an exemplary case, a compressor compresses a refrigerant and outputs the refrigerant in superheated form to a gas cooler and then, in some cases, to an ejector. When an ejector is provided, the ejector is used for work recovery or pressure recovery of the refrigerant and can outputs the refrigerant in cooled form to an evaporator and the compressor.
- Until now, the refrigerant has often been a fluid with either a high greenhouse warming potential (GWP) characteristic or a high ozone depletion potential (ODP) characteristic. This is changing, however, and there is an increasing demand for the use of natural, non-toxic, low-GWP and ODP refrigerants leading to the use of carbon dioxide and other similar fluids as refrigerants in supermarket cooling systems.
- These systems can, in certain cases, have low coefficients of performance (COP) at high ambient conditions in which the carbon dioxide moves into supercritical/transcritical fluid zones.
- According to an aspect of the disclosure, a cooling system is provided and includes a compressor, an expansion valve, a gas cooler through which a refrigerant received from the compressor passes toward the expansion valve in a supercritical state, an evaporator interposed between the expansion valve and the compressor and a vapor sorption subcooling system. The vapor sorption subcooling system includes a desorber disposed to remove heat from refrigerant flowing from the gas cooler toward the expansion valve.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, an ejector is downstream from the desorber.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the vapor sorption subcooling system includes a vapor absorption subcooling system.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor absorption subcooling system includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor absorption subcooling system includes carbon dioxide.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the vapor absorption subcooling system includes a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an absorber for subcooling refrigerant absorption by an absorbent, a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the absorber in a supercritical state and a pump configured to pump at least the absorbent from the desorber to the absorber.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the absorbent includes an ionic liquid.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the vapor sorption subcooling system includes a vapor adsorption subcooling system.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor adsorption subcooling system includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, a subcooling refrigerant of the vapor adsorption subcooling system includes carbon dioxide.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the vapor adsorption subcooling system includes a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an adsorber disposed in parallel with the desorber for subcooling refrigerant adsorption by an adsorbent and a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the adsorber and the desorber in a supercritical state.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the adsorbent includes a solid adsorbent and the solid adsorbent includes activated carbon or a metal organic framework (MOF).
- According to an aspect of the disclosure, a vapor absorption subcooling system is provided and includes a desorber in which a first refrigerant is cooled, a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an absorber for subcooling refrigerant absorption by an absorbent, a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the absorber in a supercritical state and a pump configured to pump at least the absorbent from the desorber to the absorber.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the subcooling refrigerant includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the subcooling refrigerant includes carbon dioxide.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the absorbent includes an ionic liquid.
- According to another aspect of the disclosure, a vapor adsorption subcooling system is provided and includes a desorber in which a first refrigerant is cooled, a subcooling compressor, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from the desorber, an adsorber disposed in parallel with the desorber for subcooling refrigerant adsorption by an adsorbent and a subcooling gas cooler through which the subcooling refrigerant received from the subcooling compressor passes toward the adsorber and the desorber in a supercritical state.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the subcooling refrigerant includes a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the subcooling refrigerant includes carbon dioxide.
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the adsorbent includes a solid adsorbent and the solid adsorbent includes activated carbon or a metal organic framework (MOF).
- In accordance with additional or alternative embodiments, the desorber includes multiple desorbers, the adsorber includes multiple adsorbers, each one of the multiple adsorbers is paired with a corresponding one of the multiple desorbers to form respective combined beds and each of the combined beds is independently operable at a different adsorption stage.
- These and other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings.
- The subject matter, which is regarded as the disclosure, is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other features, and advantages of the disclosure are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a vapor absorption subcooling system of a cooling system in accordance with embodiments; -
FIG. 2 is a graphical depiction of a coefficient of performance capability of the vapor absorption subcooling system of the cooling system ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a vapor adsorption subcooling system of a cooling system in accordance with embodiments; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of a vapor adsorption subcooling system of a cooling system in which the vapor adsorption subcooling system has more than two sorption beds operating at different stages of adsorption and desorption in accordance with embodiments; and -
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a controller of the cooling systems of at least the embodiments ofFIGS. 1, 3 and 4 . - These and other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings.
- As will be described below, a cooling system for use in a supermarket cooling system, for example, is provided and uses a natural, non-toxic, low-GWP and ODP refrigerant. This refrigerant can be carbon dioxide, which is paired with an absorbent, such as one or more ionic liquids, or a solid adsorbent. The cooling system includes a gas cooler, a vapor absorption/adsorption-based subcooler and a desorber component that provides subcooling to refrigerant exiting the gas cooler. In the particular case of the refrigerant being carbon dioxide and the absorbent being an ionic liquid, the ionic liquid absorbs the carbon dioxide in an exothermic process in which the heat of absorption is rejected to ambient in order to sustain absorption processes (this is similar to the heat of compression needing to be rejected to ambient in a conventional gas cooler).
- With reference to
FIG. 1 , acooling system 101 is provided. Thecooling system 101 includes a first,low temperature compressor 110 and a second,high temperature compressor 111. The first, low temperature compressor is configured to compress low temperature refrigerant and to output compressed refrigerant to the second,high temperature compressor 111. The second,high temperature compressor 111 is configured to compress high temperature refrigerant and the compressed refrigerant received from the first, low temperature compressor into compressed or supercritical refrigerant. Thecooling system 101 further includes agas cooler 120, which is disposed downstream from the second,high temperature compressor 111 and which is receptive of the compressed or supercritical refrigerant from the second,high temperature compressor 111. Within thegas cooler 120, the compressed or supercritical refrigerant is cooled slightly before flowing through adesorber 160, anejector 155 and first andsecond expansion valves low temperature evaporator 140, which is associated with and upstream from the first,low temperature compressor 110, or through thefirst expansion valve 131 toward a second,high temperature evaporator 141, which is associated with and upstream from the second,high temperature compressor 111. - The
cooling system 101 also includes a vaporsorption subcooling system 150. The vaporsorption subcooling system 150 can be provided as a vaporabsorption subcooling system 151 and includes thedesorber 160, which is disposed between thegas cooler 120 and the first andsecond expansion valves gas cooler 120 toward the first andsecond expansion valves absorption subcooling system 151 can include a natural, low greenhouse warming potential (GWP), low ozone depletion potential (ODP) and non-flammable refrigerant. More particularly, the subcooling refrigerant of the vaporabsorption subcooling system 151 can include carbon dioxide. - The
cooling system 101 can further include theejector 155 disposed downstream from thedesorber 160. Thecooling system 101 in such cases would have subcooling capability from the vaporsorption subcooling system 150 and pressure recovery using theejector 155. This would result in thecooling system 101 having increased COPs. It is to be understood that theejector 155 is optional and that embodiments exist in which theejector 155 is not present in thecooling system 101. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , in addition to thedesorber 160, the vaporabsorption subcooling system 151 includes asubcooling compressor 170, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from thedesorber 160, an absorber 180 for subcooling refrigerant absorption by an absorbent 182, asubcooling gas cooler 190 through which the subcooling refrigerant that is received from thesubcooling compressor 170 passes toward the absorber 180 in a supercritical state and apump 200. The vaporabsorption subcooling system 151 further includes afirst valve 210, which is disposed immediately downstream from thesubcooling gas cooler 190 and immediately upstream from theabsorber 180, and asecond valve 211, which is disposed immediately downstream from theabsorber 180 and immediately upstream from thedesorber 160. - The
absorber 180 includes anenclosure 181 and the absorbent 182, which is contained within theenclosure 181. In accordance with embodiments, the absorbent 182 may include an ionic liquid (see below for example of ionic liquids). While this absorbent 182 (i.e., ionic liquid) is contained within theenclosure 181, it can be used to dissolve the subcooling refrigerant (i.e., carbon dioxide). -
TABLE 1 Literature values of CO2 absorption by ionic liquids Desorption Absorption Temperature Pressure Temperature Pressure Delta Cation Anion [K] [bar] xCO2 [K] [bar] xCO2 xCO2 [BMIM]+ [BF4]− 293.65 41 0.458 313.35 105 0.61 0.152 [BMIM]+ [BF4]− 298.2 42.1 0.4902 313.3 84.02 0.5289 0.0387 [BMIM]+ [PF6]− 298.2 42 0.4905 313.3 84.01 0.5941 0.1036 [BMIM]+ [PF6]− 298.2 42 0.4905 313.3 95.47 0.5991 0.1086 [BMIM]+ [Tf2N]− 298.2 44.27 0.6181 313.3 110.25 0.742 0.1239 [BMIM]+ [SCN]− 303.15 37.5 0.345 313.15 122.5 0.422 0.077 [BMIM]+ [C(CN)3]− 303.15 37.9 0.502 313.15 104.6 0.633 0.131 [HMIM]+ [Tf2N]− 298.2 42.34 0.6282 313.3 97.92 0.7478 0.1196 [HMIM]+ [BF4]− 303.63 49.1 0.498 313.07 104.6 0.602 0.104 [HMIM]+ [PF6]− 303.48 33.7 0.41 318.11 93.4 0.599 0.189 [EMIM]+ [Tf2N]− 298.15 32.54 0.533 323.15 100.81 0.711 0.178 [EMIM]+ [Tf2N]− 293.05 43 0.6448 314.05 90.5 0.7043 0.0595 [EMIM]+ [Tf2N]− 298.15 38.72 0.619 323.15 102.81 0.701 0.082 - Where the absorbent 182 includes an ionic liquid, the ionic liquid can be immobilized in an adsorbent. In such cases, the vapor
absorption subcooling system 151 is similar to an adsorption system (to be discussed below) where pores of an adsorbent are filled with the ionic liquid (sometimes referred to as an immobilized ionic liquid). - During an operation of the vapor
absorption subcooling system 151, thedesorber 160 provides subcooling to the refrigerant exiting thegas cooler 120. This is accomplished as follows. - Within the
absorber 180, the subcooling refrigerant flowing into theabsorber 180 from thesubcooling gas cooler 190 is absorbed into the absorbent 182 (i.e., absorption by the subcooling refrigerant being dissolved into the absorbent 182 within the enclosure 182) as part of an exothermic process. The heat of absorption gets rejected to ambient. The absorbent 182 with the subcooling refrigerant absorbed therein flows through thesecond valve 211 to thedesorber 160, which is at a lower pressure than theabsorber 180. Within thedesorber 160, the subcooling refrigerant desorbs from the absorbent 182 in an endothermic process and provides cooling through a heat transfer surface to the refrigerant flowing from thegas cooler 120. The subcooling refrigerant that desorbs is recompressed by thesubcooling compressor 170. At least the absorbent 182 or a mixture of the absorbent 182 and a portion of the subcooling refrigerant is pumped back into theabsorber 180 in order to complete the cycle by thepump 200. - In accordance with embodiments, the
absorber 180 and thedesorber 160 can be operated in a cyclic mode. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , thecooling system 101 in combination with the vaporabsorption subcooling system 151 has a high COP due to the high heat of desorption which can be 1-10 times higher than the heat of vaporization depending on the absorbent. In particular, with an ionic liquid as the absorbent 182, a subcooler cycle of the vaporabsorption subcooling system 151 subcools the refrigerant by about 15° C. and operates between 4-7 MPa. - With reference to
FIG. 3 , thecooling system 101 is provided with thevapor sorption system 150. Here, the vaporsorption subcooling system 150 can be provided as a vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 and includes thedesorber 160, which is disposed between thegas cooler 120 and thefirst expansion valve 131 and which is configured to remove heat from the refrigerant flowing from thegas cooler 120 toward the first andsecond expansion valves - As shown in
FIG. 3 , in addition to thedesorber 160, the vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 includes thesubcooling compressor 170, which is receptive of subcooling refrigerant from thedesorber 160, an adsorber 310 for subcooling refrigerant adsorption by an adsorbent 312, a subcooling gas cooler 190 through which the subcooling refrigerant that is received from thesubcooling compressor 170 passes toward the adsorber 310 in a supercritical state and avalve system 320. Thevalve system 320 includes first andsecond valves 321 and 322, which are respectively disposed upstream from the adsorber 310 and thedesorber 160 and which respectively control subcooling refrigerant flows into the adsorber 310 and thedesorber 160, as well as third, fourth andfifth valves desorber 160 and which are respectively configured to control flows of the subcooling refrigerant to thesubcooling compressor 170. - Within the adsorber 310, the subcooling refrigerant flowing into the adsorber 310 from the
subcooling gas cooler 190 is adsorbed into the adsorbent 312 as part of an exothermic process. The heat of adsorption gets rejected to ambient. - In accordance with embodiments, adsorption and desorption beds of the adsorber 310 and the
desorber 160, respectively, can be operated in a cyclic mode. In addition, the adsorber 310 can include two or more adsorbent beds. - The adsorber 310 includes an enclosure 311 and a solid adsorbent 312 contained within the enclosure 311. In accordance with some embodiments, the solid adsorbent 312 can include or be provided as activated carbon and metal organic frameworks (MOFs).
- With reference to
FIG. 4 and in accordance with further embodiments, thecooling system 101 is provided with thevapor sorption system 150 and the vaporsorption subcooling system 150 can be provided as a vaporadsorption subcooling system 501. The vaporadsorption subcooling system 501 is similar to the vapor adsorption subcooling system 301 but is characterized in that thedesorber 160 includesmultiple desorbers 160, theadsorber 180 includesmultiple adsorbers 180 and each one of themultiple adsorbers 180 is paired with a corresponding one of themultiple desorbers 160 in respective desorber/adsorber beds valve system 420. - The respective desorber/
adsorber beds desorber 160 switches from desorption mode to adsorption mode. With the presence of themultiple desorbers 160, cooling loads can be maintained by having the differentmultiple desorbers 160 at different stages of desorption. As one of themultiple desorbers 160 switches from desorption mode to adsorption mode, the other of themultiple desorbers 160 are available to provide cooling effects to satisfy extra cooling requirements. - With reference to
FIG. 5 and in accordance with further embodiments, acontroller 501 can be provided to control various components of thecooling system 101 of at least the embodiments ofFIGS. 1, 3 and 4 . Thecontroller 501 can include aprocessing unit 510, amemory unit 520, anetworking unit 530, aservo control unit 540 and an input/output (I/O)bus 550 by which theprocessing unit 510, thememory unit 520, thenetworking unit 530 and theservo control unit 540 are communicative. Thenetworking unit 530 is configured to enable communications between theprocessing unit 510 and various sensing elements disposable throughout thecooling system 101 as well as external computing systems. Theservo control unit 540 is responsive to instructions issued by theprocessing unit 510 to thereby control operations of the first andsecond expansion valves second valves FIG. 1 , thepump 200 of the embodiments ofFIG. 1 , thevalve system 320 ofFIG. 3 and thevalve system 420 ofFIG. 4 . Thememory unit 520 has executable instructions stored thereon, which are readable and executable by theprocessing unit 510 such that, when the executable instructions are read and executed by theprocessing unit 510, the executable instructions cause theprocessing unit 510 to generate and issue the commands to theservo control unit 540. - Technical effects and benefits of the features described herein are the provision of a vapor sorption subcooling system that uses a natural, low ODP, low GWP, non-flammable refrigerant like carbon dioxide for the subcooler system that, when combined with a current cooling system, shows 10% increase in COP.
- While the disclosure is provided in detail in connection with only a limited number of embodiments, it should be readily understood that the disclosure is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the disclosure can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Additionally, while various embodiments of the disclosure have been described, it is to be understood that the exemplary embodiment(s) may include only some of the described exemplary aspects. Accordingly, the disclosure is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
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DK3295093T3 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2023-01-09 | Carrier Corp | EJECTOR COOLING CIRCUIT AND METHOD OF OPERATING SUCH CIRCUIT |
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US10458685B2 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2019-10-29 | Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc | Absorption subcooler for a refrigeration system |
US10208985B2 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-02-19 | Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc | Flash tank pressure control for transcritical system with ejector(s) |
WO2018157961A1 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | Danfoss A/S | A method for controlling ejector capacity in a vapour compression system |
US10830499B2 (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2020-11-10 | Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc | Transcritical system with enhanced subcooling for high ambient temperature |
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