US20200208487A1 - Casing hanger assembly - Google Patents
Casing hanger assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20200208487A1 US20200208487A1 US16/798,496 US202016798496A US2020208487A1 US 20200208487 A1 US20200208487 A1 US 20200208487A1 US 202016798496 A US202016798496 A US 202016798496A US 2020208487 A1 US2020208487 A1 US 2020208487A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- well
- feature
- landing ring
- casing hanger
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- Abandoned
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to a casing hanger assembly for use with containment well cellars of the types described and claimed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,637,692, 7,987,904, 8,127,837, 8,256,505, and 8,485,250 each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- casing hangers both the mandrel and slip types, are used to suspend the weight of a second inner casing on a first outer well casing. This may be done before or after the inner well casing is cemented in place.
- Existing casing hangers are a part of the wellhead assembly.
- BOP blow-out-preventer
- this weight in conjunction with vibrations associated with the drilling operations, will cause shifting of the well casings and cracking of the cement. This breaks containment allowing migration of well fluids into the area around the wellhead, which contaminates the soil and can pollute the riparian ground water.
- the casing hanger system provides for orientation of a casing during installation. More specifically, the casing hanger system comprises a landing ring having a feature, such as a recess in the preferred embodiment, configured to mate with a complementary feature, such as a protrusion, on a casing hanger.
- the casing hanger of the present invention is not part of the well head assembly.
- a portion of the casing hanger system of the present invention may be attached to the floor of one of the well cellars described in the above noted patents distributing the weight of the well casings, any attached equipment, and associated drilling forces, over the area of the floor. This inhibits settling of the inner and outer well casings and ensures the cement remains intact for the life of the well so that migration of well gases and other fluids leading to contamination of the ground water and soil surrounding the well head is avoided.
- a first aspect of the present invention comprises a well completion system including a) a sealed well cellar embedded in a region surrounding a well site, the sealed well cellar collecting well fluids and preventing the fluids from polluting the region surrounding the well site; b) a surface casing hanger secured to a floor portion of the sealed well cellar, the floor portion having a first area, the casing hanger distributing a weight supported by the casing hanger over said first area; c) a surface casing extending through the surface casing hanger and being secured thereto.
- the surface casing hanger is welded to an external portion of the surface casing.
- the surface casing hanger is threaded onto an upper threaded portion of said surface casing.
- the surface casing hanger is secured to a landing ring which is secured to an upper portion of a conductor pipe through which the surface casing extends.
- the casing hanger has a protrusion that mates with a recess on the landing ring, such that the casing hanger can only be seated on the landing ring in one particular orientation.
- the protrusion and recess are shaped so that engagement of the protrusion within the recess causes rotation of the surface casing if not initially aligned properly with respect to the outer casing.
- the landing ring may additionally include lock down means to which the hanger is secured preventing the surface casing from being pushed upwardly by buoyancy or hydraulic forces.
- a well completion system comprises: a) a landing ring secured to an upper region of a conductor pipe, as by welding; b) a surface casing hanger which engages and is supported by the landing ring; c) a surface casing attached to and supported by the surface casing hanger.
- the well completion system may further include a sealed well cellar having a floor portion and upwardly extending walls, the floor portion of the sealed well cellar being attached to and supporting a weight of the surface casing hanger as well as a weight of the surface casing which is attached thereto.
- the surface casing hanger is welded to an external portion of said surface casing.
- the surface casing hanger may be threaded onto an upper threaded portion of the surface casing.
- the landing ring may be equipped with a quick-connect fitting to receive a riser.
- a third aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of completing a well comprising the steps of a) installing a conductor pipe; b) install a well cellar having a structural, load-bearing floor portion surrounding the conductor pipe; c) securing the well cellar to the conductor pipe; d) installing a landing ring by securing the landing ring to one of i) the conductor pipe and, ii) the cellar floor.
- the method may include the additional step of attaching a riser to an upper end of the landing ring using a quick connect profile which readily receives the riser and secures the riser thereto.
- the method may additionally comprise the steps of i) drilling a surface hole through the riser and ii) installing a surface casing with a surface casing hanger secured to an uppermost section of pipe by landing the surface casing hanger on the landing ring.
- the invention includes the further step of cementing the surface casing in place by pumping cement through the surface casing with adequate pressure to force the cement down through the surface casing and upwardly around an external surface portion of the surface casing. Finally, the steps of i) draining said riser; ii) removing said riser; and, iii) securing a well head to the surface casing are performed.
- FIG. 1 is a front schematic of a first embodiment of the casing hanger system of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is an enlarged schematic view of the casing hanger system shown in FIG. 1 as the inner casing is being installed.
- FIG. 2B is a view similar to FIG. 2A showing the inner casing fully seated and the riser released.
- FIG. 2C is an enlarged detailed view showing the inner casing approaching the FIG. 2B position.
- FIG. 2D is an enlarged detailed view showing the inner casing in the fully seated FIG. 2B position.
- FIG. 3A is an enlarged schematic view of the casing hanger system as the inner casing is being installed.
- FIG. 3B is a view similar to FIG. 3A showing the inner casing fully seated and the riser released.
- FIG. 3C is an enlarged detail of the locking mechanism used with this embodiment shown in ellipse 20 ′ of FIG. 3B .
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are views of the orienting landing ring according to an alternative embodiment of the casing hanger system.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are views of the orienting casing hanger, which has a complementary shape to the orienting landing ring.
- FIG. 6 shows the casing hanger installed on an inner casing and aligned with the orienting landing ring installed on an outer casing.
- FIG. 7 shows an alternate view of the orienting landing ring and casing hanger installed on their respective casings.
- FIGS. 1-3C A first embodiment of the casing hanger assembly of the present invention is depicted in FIGS. 1-3C generally at 20 .
- the environment in which casing hanger assembly 20 is most preferably utilized is depicted in FIG. 1 and includes a sealed containment well cellar 11 of the types disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,637,692, 7,987,904, 8,127,837, 8,256,505, and 8,485,250. While any of these containment cellars may be used, the specific type depicted in FIG. 1 is the cellar featuring a riser with a scalloped upper edge 13 described and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,485,250.
- Containment well cellar 11 has a horizontal floor 14 and a vertically extending wall 12 sealingly attached thereto, as by welding, for example.
- FIG. 1 depicts inner casing 45 being installed through detachable upper riser 17 . It will be understood, however, that the casing hanger assembly 20 of the present invention may be utilized in applications which do not utilize a well cellar, such as when a separate base plate is used or the conductor provides sufficient support for the casing 45 without the need for a well cellar.
- casing hanger assembly 20 of the present invention is depicted in greater detail in FIGS. 2A-D .
- Casing hanger assembly 20 includes landing ring 30 and hanger 40 .
- Landing ring 30 is secured as by welding to either the floor 14 of well cellar 11 or to the outside of the conductor pipe 19 , which is, in turn, welded to the floor 14 .
- landing ring 30 is welded to the upper end 18 of conductor pipe 19 .
- landing ring 30 includes a quick connect feature 32 permitting upper riser 17 to be easily engaged and disengaged therefrom ( FIGS. 2A, 2B ).
- Riser 17 has element 34 welded to a lower end thereof which mates with quick connect feature 32 .
- Surface casing 45 has casing hanger 40 welded to an external surface thereof.
- the casing hanger will typically be welded to the last (upper) section of surface casing 45 .
- Both securement of landing ring 30 to cellar floor 14 or conductor pipe 19 and of hanger 40 to the upper section of surface casing 45 can be performed in the shop before transporting to the field for installation, although, more typically, this step will be performed in the field. Welding in the shop may ensure a better quality weld in a more controlled environment.
- FIGS. 2A-2D surface casing 45 with casing hanger 40 welded thereto is inserted through detachable upper riser 17 until hanger 40 moves from the position shown in FIG. 2C to that depicted in FIG. 2D , fully seated and engaged in landing ring 30 .
- casing hanger assembly 20 ′ shown in FIGS. 3A-3C is equipped with a lock down feature 50 . All remaining features of this second embodiment are the same as those of the first.
- Spring 51 biases lock down stud 52 into recess 36 in landing ring 30 .
- Lock down feature 50 prevents the dangerous upward movement of surface casing 45 due to hydraulic and/or buoyancy forces within the well. Without the lock down feature 50 , surface casing 45 can be forced upwardly out of engagement with the landing ring 30 .
- the hanger 40 and landing ring 30 are provided with complementary mating features 41 and 42 that cause the surface casing 45 to align in a particular orientation relative to the landing ring 30 (which has been installed in a desired orientation) as it is being lowered into position.
- the mating feature of the landing ring 30 is a recess 41 disposed on opposing sides of an interior surface of the annular landing ring 30 . While two recesses 41 are shown in this particular embodiment, a single or several recesses 41 can be used.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the landing ring 30 and shows the shape of the recess 41 , which tapers along a longitudinal direction. That is, the recess 41 has a wider profile at its top and tapers to a narrower profile at its bottom.
- the shape of the recess 41 facilitates alignment of the hanger 40 within the landing ring 30 during installation.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B show the mating feature of hanger 40 as a protrusion 42 having a similar tapered shape and adapted to be seated within the recess 41 of the landing ring 30 depicted in FIGS. 4A and 4B .
- While a triangle shaped protrusion 42 and recess 41 are shown by way of example in FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5A, and 5B , other profiles that facilitate alignment during engagement can be used. Additional examples include a profile where the mating features have one engaging side 43 (i.e. a ramp), or a profile where opposing sides 43 of the recess 41 are not parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conductor pipe 19 and tend to converge at a center point at the bottom of the recess 41 , whether curved or straight. In these examples, the protrusion 42 would have a complementary shape to the recess 41 . For example, if the landing ring 30 had a ramp, the casing hanger 40 could have a ramp oriented in the opposite direction.
- the mating features 41 and 42 may or may not comprise the weight bearing portion of the landing ring 30 . If the recess 41 does not provide weight bearing functionality, other surfaces of the landing ring 30 can provide this feature. Thus, it is only necessary that the shape of the mating features allow orientation of the components.
- FIG. 6 shows the position of hanger 40 relative to landing ring 30 during installation but prior to engagement of the two components. Since the protrusion 32 is shaped to seat securely within recess 41 , the hanger assembly system 20 provides weight-bearing functionality. In addition, once properly mated, the inner casing 45 is maintained in a specific orientation relative to the outer casing 19 . If multiple recesses 41 are provided on the landing ring 30 , the casing 45 can occupy one of multiple orientations. However, this orientation is discrete and will not change once the hanger 40 is seated in the landing ring 30 . Thus, the orienting casing hanger assembly 20 provides another advantage in instances where addition work on the well is performed before the cement between the outer 19 and inner 45 casing is fully cured.
- FIG. 7 shows an alternative view of the casing hanger system 20 prior to engagement of the hanger 40 in the landing ring 30 .
- the conductor pipe 19 is installed in a conventional manner by sliding into a drilled hole or being driven into the ground to create the well hole. If a containment cellar is to be used, then containment well cellar 11 is installed as described in the manner taught in the above cited earlier patents, which may vary depending on the type of cellar utilized. Cellar 11 is fastened, by welding for example, to conductor pipe 19 . Landing ring 30 is secured, as by welding, to either the floor 14 of cellar 11 or to conductor pipe 19 . In a cellarless installation, the landing ring 30 will be welded, or otherwise secured, to the conductor pipe 19 .
- the drilling rig (not shown) may be assembled and positioned in a conventional manner.
- the riser 17 with element 34 is secured to quick connect feature 32 on landing ring 30 .
- the drilling rig is utilized to drill the surface hole with the surface casing 45 being run into the hole after drilling.
- the last joint of surface casing 45 with casing hanger 40 secured thereto is run into the hole and hanger 40 seated on landing ring 30 .
- Cement is pumped down the interior of the surface casing 45 with adequate pressure to force the cement emerging from the end of casing 45 to migrate upwardly around the exterior of the casing 45 , cementing it in place.
- the riser 17 is drained and element 34 unlatched/detached from quick connect feature 32 .
- the wellhead and BOP, etc., is secured and normal well activities are initiated.
- landing ring 30 can be welded to conductor 19 and riser 17 .
- the well construction system solves a significant problem with existing wells.
- a survey of over 100 wells in Pennsylvania and West Virginia found that over 9% of wells had gas migration problems. It was presumed that this resulted from shifting occurring while the cement was not fully set, due in part to the weight of the surface well casing and in part to the weight of the wellhead, BOP, etc. being suspended prior to the cement fully curing. Additionally, vibration associated with drilling activities exacerbates cement bonding damage.
- the use of the casing hanger assembly 20 permitted the distribution of this weight over the area of the load-bearing floor portion such that no shifting of the surface casing occurred after the cementing step. In the 30+ well installations employing the casing hanger assembly 20 of the present invention, none suffered gas migration. This eliminates the risk of polluting the riparian streams, aquifers, etc., and allows production to be initiated without waiting for the cement to fully cure, enhancing profitability of the well.
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Abstract
The present invention relates generally to a well casing hanger system that provides for orientation of a hanger with respect to a landing ring during installation. The shape of the mating features of the landing ring and hanger is such that rotation to a specific alignment will occur during installation if there is an initial rotational offset.
Description
- The present invention is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/933,184, filed Nov. 5, 2015, which claims the benefit of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/612,007, filed Feb. 2, 2015, and also U.S. application Ser. No. 14/612,216, filed Feb. 2, 2015, all of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- Not applicable.
- The present invention is directed to a casing hanger assembly for use with containment well cellars of the types described and claimed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,637,692, 7,987,904, 8,127,837, 8,256,505, and 8,485,250 each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- The containment well cellars described and claimed in the above noted patents are becoming increasingly recognized for their environmentally-friendly features, as well as for their advantages in well installation and operation. It is among the objects of the present invention to provide accessorial equipment which will further enhance the advantages of this family of sealed well cellars. It will be understood that the features of this invention may be equally of value when employed with other existing and as-yet-to-be-developed well cellars, or simply to hang casing in applications where a well cellar is not being used.
- Currently in the industry, casing hangers, both the mandrel and slip types, are used to suspend the weight of a second inner casing on a first outer well casing. This may be done before or after the inner well casing is cemented in place. Existing casing hangers are a part of the wellhead assembly. Typically, when weight in the form of the blow-out-preventer (BOP) or wellhead assembly is attached to the inner casing and, thereby, supported by the partially cured cement, this weight, in conjunction with vibrations associated with the drilling operations, will cause shifting of the well casings and cracking of the cement. This breaks containment allowing migration of well fluids into the area around the wellhead, which contaminates the soil and can pollute the riparian ground water.
- In addition, well operators often have a need to position the surface casing in a particular rotational orientation during installation. For example, in some situations the operator must turn the casing so that piping or valves attached to the surface casing are aligned with outlets on the well cellar or other piping installed at the well site. While the heavy machinery used to install the casing provides control in the vertical direction, it does not provide the ability to control the rotation of the casing as it is lowered into position. It would therefore be advantageous to develop a casing hanger system that causes rotation of the inner casing as it is lowered into a conductor pipe or outer casing, securing the casing in a preferred rotational orientation.
- According to embodiments of the present disclosure is a casing hanger system that provides for orientation of a casing during installation. More specifically, the casing hanger system comprises a landing ring having a feature, such as a recess in the preferred embodiment, configured to mate with a complementary feature, such as a protrusion, on a casing hanger. Unlike existing hanger systems, the casing hanger of the present invention is not part of the well head assembly. Further, a portion of the casing hanger system of the present invention may be attached to the floor of one of the well cellars described in the above noted patents distributing the weight of the well casings, any attached equipment, and associated drilling forces, over the area of the floor. This inhibits settling of the inner and outer well casings and ensures the cement remains intact for the life of the well so that migration of well gases and other fluids leading to contamination of the ground water and soil surrounding the well head is avoided.
- A first aspect of the present invention comprises a well completion system including a) a sealed well cellar embedded in a region surrounding a well site, the sealed well cellar collecting well fluids and preventing the fluids from polluting the region surrounding the well site; b) a surface casing hanger secured to a floor portion of the sealed well cellar, the floor portion having a first area, the casing hanger distributing a weight supported by the casing hanger over said first area; c) a surface casing extending through the surface casing hanger and being secured thereto. In one embodiment, the surface casing hanger is welded to an external portion of the surface casing. Alternatively, the surface casing hanger is threaded onto an upper threaded portion of said surface casing. Preferably, the surface casing hanger is secured to a landing ring which is secured to an upper portion of a conductor pipe through which the surface casing extends.
- In a preferred embodiment, the casing hanger has a protrusion that mates with a recess on the landing ring, such that the casing hanger can only be seated on the landing ring in one particular orientation. Moreover, the protrusion and recess are shaped so that engagement of the protrusion within the recess causes rotation of the surface casing if not initially aligned properly with respect to the outer casing. The landing ring may additionally include lock down means to which the hanger is secured preventing the surface casing from being pushed upwardly by buoyancy or hydraulic forces.
- In a further aspect of the present invention, a well completion system comprises: a) a landing ring secured to an upper region of a conductor pipe, as by welding; b) a surface casing hanger which engages and is supported by the landing ring; c) a surface casing attached to and supported by the surface casing hanger. The well completion system may further include a sealed well cellar having a floor portion and upwardly extending walls, the floor portion of the sealed well cellar being attached to and supporting a weight of the surface casing hanger as well as a weight of the surface casing which is attached thereto. In one embodiment, the surface casing hanger is welded to an external portion of said surface casing. Alternatively, the surface casing hanger may be threaded onto an upper threaded portion of the surface casing. The landing ring may be equipped with a quick-connect fitting to receive a riser.
- A third aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of completing a well comprising the steps of a) installing a conductor pipe; b) install a well cellar having a structural, load-bearing floor portion surrounding the conductor pipe; c) securing the well cellar to the conductor pipe; d) installing a landing ring by securing the landing ring to one of i) the conductor pipe and, ii) the cellar floor. The method may include the additional step of attaching a riser to an upper end of the landing ring using a quick connect profile which readily receives the riser and secures the riser thereto. The method may additionally comprise the steps of i) drilling a surface hole through the riser and ii) installing a surface casing with a surface casing hanger secured to an uppermost section of pipe by landing the surface casing hanger on the landing ring. The invention includes the further step of cementing the surface casing in place by pumping cement through the surface casing with adequate pressure to force the cement down through the surface casing and upwardly around an external surface portion of the surface casing. Finally, the steps of i) draining said riser; ii) removing said riser; and, iii) securing a well head to the surface casing are performed.
- Various other features, advantages, and characteristics of the present invention will become apparent after a reading of the following detailed description.
- The preferred embodiment(s) of the present invention is/are described in conjunction with the following drawings in which like features are indicated with like reference numerals.
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FIG. 1 is a front schematic of a first embodiment of the casing hanger system of the present invention. -
FIG. 2A is an enlarged schematic view of the casing hanger system shown inFIG. 1 as the inner casing is being installed. -
FIG. 2B is a view similar toFIG. 2A showing the inner casing fully seated and the riser released. -
FIG. 2C is an enlarged detailed view showing the inner casing approaching theFIG. 2B position. -
FIG. 2D is an enlarged detailed view showing the inner casing in the fully seatedFIG. 2B position. -
FIG. 3A is an enlarged schematic view of the casing hanger system as the inner casing is being installed. -
FIG. 3B is a view similar toFIG. 3A showing the inner casing fully seated and the riser released. -
FIG. 3C is an enlarged detail of the locking mechanism used with this embodiment shown inellipse 20′ ofFIG. 3B . -
FIGS. 4A and 4B are views of the orienting landing ring according to an alternative embodiment of the casing hanger system. -
FIGS. 5A and 5B are views of the orienting casing hanger, which has a complementary shape to the orienting landing ring. -
FIG. 6 shows the casing hanger installed on an inner casing and aligned with the orienting landing ring installed on an outer casing. -
FIG. 7 shows an alternate view of the orienting landing ring and casing hanger installed on their respective casings. - A first embodiment of the casing hanger assembly of the present invention is depicted in
FIGS. 1-3C generally at 20. The environment in whichcasing hanger assembly 20 is most preferably utilized is depicted inFIG. 1 and includes a sealedcontainment well cellar 11 of the types disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,637,692, 7,987,904, 8,127,837, 8,256,505, and 8,485,250. While any of these containment cellars may be used, the specific type depicted inFIG. 1 is the cellar featuring a riser with a scallopedupper edge 13 described and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,485,250.Containment well cellar 11 has ahorizontal floor 14 and a vertically extendingwall 12 sealingly attached thereto, as by welding, for example.FIG. 1 depictsinner casing 45 being installed through detachableupper riser 17. It will be understood, however, that thecasing hanger assembly 20 of the present invention may be utilized in applications which do not utilize a well cellar, such as when a separate base plate is used or the conductor provides sufficient support for thecasing 45 without the need for a well cellar. - The
casing hanger assembly 20 of the present invention is depicted in greater detail inFIGS. 2A-D . Casinghanger assembly 20 includes landingring 30 andhanger 40. Landingring 30 is secured as by welding to either thefloor 14 ofwell cellar 11 or to the outside of theconductor pipe 19, which is, in turn, welded to thefloor 14. As seen inFIG. 2A-2E , landingring 30 is welded to theupper end 18 ofconductor pipe 19. In this embodiment, landingring 30 includes aquick connect feature 32 permittingupper riser 17 to be easily engaged and disengaged therefrom (FIGS. 2A, 2B ).Riser 17 haselement 34 welded to a lower end thereof which mates withquick connect feature 32. -
Surface casing 45 hascasing hanger 40 welded to an external surface thereof. The casing hanger will typically be welded to the last (upper) section ofsurface casing 45. Both securement oflanding ring 30 tocellar floor 14 orconductor pipe 19 and ofhanger 40 to the upper section ofsurface casing 45, can be performed in the shop before transporting to the field for installation, although, more typically, this step will be performed in the field. Welding in the shop may ensure a better quality weld in a more controlled environment. As depicted inFIGS. 2A-2D , surface casing 45 withcasing hanger 40 welded thereto is inserted through detachableupper riser 17 untilhanger 40 moves from the position shown inFIG. 2C to that depicted inFIG. 2D , fully seated and engaged inlanding ring 30. - One alternative embodiment of
casing hanger assembly 20′ shown inFIGS. 3A-3C is equipped with a lock downfeature 50. All remaining features of this second embodiment are the same as those of the first.Spring 51 biases lock down stud 52 intorecess 36 inlanding ring 30. Lock downfeature 50 prevents the dangerous upward movement of surface casing 45 due to hydraulic and/or buoyancy forces within the well. Without the lock downfeature 50, surface casing 45 can be forced upwardly out of engagement with thelanding ring 30. - In yet another alternative embodiment of the present invention, the
hanger 40 andlanding ring 30 are provided with complementary mating features 41 and 42 that cause thesurface casing 45 to align in a particular orientation relative to the landing ring 30 (which has been installed in a desired orientation) as it is being lowered into position.FIGS. 4A and 4B depict thelanding ring 30 according to one particular embodiment. As shown inFIG. 4A , the mating feature of thelanding ring 30 is arecess 41 disposed on opposing sides of an interior surface of theannular landing ring 30. While tworecesses 41 are shown in this particular embodiment, a single orseveral recesses 41 can be used. -
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of thelanding ring 30 and shows the shape of therecess 41, which tapers along a longitudinal direction. That is, therecess 41 has a wider profile at its top and tapers to a narrower profile at its bottom. The shape of therecess 41 facilitates alignment of thehanger 40 within thelanding ring 30 during installation. For example,FIGS. 5A and 5B show the mating feature ofhanger 40 as aprotrusion 42 having a similar tapered shape and adapted to be seated within therecess 41 of thelanding ring 30 depicted inFIGS. 4A and 4B . - During installation, as surface casing 45 with
hanger 40 is lowered into position inside ofouter casing 19 withlanding ring 30, the bottom portion ofprotrusion 42 will begin to engagerecess 41. If the two are not aligned, the bottom portion ofprotrusion 42 will contact aside 43 ofrecess 41. Because of the tapered shape ofrecess 41, continued lowering of thesurface casing 45 will cause thecasing 45 to rotate as theprotrusion 42 slides along theside 43 of therecess 41 and towards the center of therecess 41. A person having skill in the art will appreciate that alignment will occur only if the bottom portion ofprotrusion 42 is initially positioned within the width of the top profile of therecess 41. As such, the width of the top profile can be specified depending on the level of rotation likely needed in the field. - While a triangle shaped
protrusion 42 andrecess 41 are shown by way of example inFIGS. 4A, 4B, 5A, and 5B , other profiles that facilitate alignment during engagement can be used. Additional examples include a profile where the mating features have one engaging side 43 (i.e. a ramp), or a profile where opposingsides 43 of therecess 41 are not parallel to the longitudinal axis of theconductor pipe 19 and tend to converge at a center point at the bottom of therecess 41, whether curved or straight. In these examples, theprotrusion 42 would have a complementary shape to therecess 41. For example, if thelanding ring 30 had a ramp, thecasing hanger 40 could have a ramp oriented in the opposite direction. In addition, the mating features 41 and 42 may or may not comprise the weight bearing portion of thelanding ring 30. If therecess 41 does not provide weight bearing functionality, other surfaces of thelanding ring 30 can provide this feature. Thus, it is only necessary that the shape of the mating features allow orientation of the components. -
FIG. 6 shows the position ofhanger 40 relative to landingring 30 during installation but prior to engagement of the two components. Since theprotrusion 32 is shaped to seat securely withinrecess 41, thehanger assembly system 20 provides weight-bearing functionality. In addition, once properly mated, theinner casing 45 is maintained in a specific orientation relative to theouter casing 19. Ifmultiple recesses 41 are provided on thelanding ring 30, thecasing 45 can occupy one of multiple orientations. However, this orientation is discrete and will not change once thehanger 40 is seated in thelanding ring 30. Thus, the orientingcasing hanger assembly 20 provides another advantage in instances where addition work on the well is performed before the cement between the outer 19 and inner 45 casing is fully cured.FIG. 7 shows an alternative view of thecasing hanger system 20 prior to engagement of thehanger 40 in thelanding ring 30. - In performing the method of installation, the
conductor pipe 19 is installed in a conventional manner by sliding into a drilled hole or being driven into the ground to create the well hole. If a containment cellar is to be used, thencontainment well cellar 11 is installed as described in the manner taught in the above cited earlier patents, which may vary depending on the type of cellar utilized.Cellar 11 is fastened, by welding for example, toconductor pipe 19. Landingring 30 is secured, as by welding, to either thefloor 14 ofcellar 11 or toconductor pipe 19. In a cellarless installation, thelanding ring 30 will be welded, or otherwise secured, to theconductor pipe 19. The drilling rig (not shown) may be assembled and positioned in a conventional manner. - Then, the
riser 17 withelement 34 is secured toquick connect feature 32 on landingring 30. The drilling rig is utilized to drill the surface hole with thesurface casing 45 being run into the hole after drilling. The last joint of surface casing 45 withcasing hanger 40 secured thereto is run into the hole andhanger 40 seated on landingring 30. Cement is pumped down the interior of thesurface casing 45 with adequate pressure to force the cement emerging from the end of casing 45 to migrate upwardly around the exterior of thecasing 45, cementing it in place. Theriser 17 is drained andelement 34 unlatched/detached fromquick connect feature 32. The wellhead and BOP, etc., is secured and normal well activities are initiated. When the quick connect/disconnect feature 32 is not utilized, landingring 30 can be welded toconductor 19 andriser 17. - The well construction system solves a significant problem with existing wells. A survey of over 100 wells in Pennsylvania and West Virginia found that over 9% of wells had gas migration problems. It was presumed that this resulted from shifting occurring while the cement was not fully set, due in part to the weight of the surface well casing and in part to the weight of the wellhead, BOP, etc. being suspended prior to the cement fully curing. Additionally, vibration associated with drilling activities exacerbates cement bonding damage. The use of the
casing hanger assembly 20 permitted the distribution of this weight over the area of the load-bearing floor portion such that no shifting of the surface casing occurred after the cementing step. In the 30+ well installations employing thecasing hanger assembly 20 of the present invention, none suffered gas migration. This eliminates the risk of polluting the riparian streams, aquifers, etc., and allows production to be initiated without waiting for the cement to fully cure, enhancing profitability of the well. - Various changes, alternatives, and modifications will become apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art after a reading of the foregoing specification. It is intended that all such changes, alternatives, and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims be considered part of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A well casing hanger assembly for coupling and orienting a second well casing to a first well casing or a well cellar, the assembly comprising:
a landing ring for attachment to a first well casing, conductor pipe or a well cellar, the landing ring having a first feature; and
a casing hanger for attachment to an external surface of a second well casing, the casing hanger having a second feature,
wherein the second feature is configured to mate with the first feature whereby downward movement of the casing hanger causes the second feature to contact and mate with the first feature and continued downward movement of the casing hanger causes a rotational interaction between the mated first feature and second feature and resulting movement and alignment of the casing hanger in a predetermined orientation with respect to the landing ring.
2. The well casing hanger assembly of claim 1 ,
wherein the first feature has a side that is not parallel to a longitudinal axis of the first well casing.
3. The well casing hanger assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of features disposed on the landing ring,
wherein each of the plurality of features are complementary in size and shape to the second feature, so that when the casing hanger is advanced towards the landing ring, the second feature engages the first feature or one of the plurality of features, thereby causing alignment of the casing hanger relative to the landing ring in one of several discrete rotational orientations.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US16/798,496 US20200208487A1 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2020-02-24 | Casing hanger assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/612,216 US10513914B1 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-02-02 | Casing hanger assembly |
US14/612,007 US10526860B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-02-02 | Casing hanger assembly |
US14/933,184 US10570688B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-11-05 | Casing hanger assembly |
US16/798,496 US20200208487A1 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2020-02-24 | Casing hanger assembly |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US14/933,184 Continuation US10570688B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-11-05 | Casing hanger assembly |
Publications (1)
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US20200208487A1 true US20200208487A1 (en) | 2020-07-02 |
Family
ID=56553980
Family Applications (2)
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US14/933,184 Expired - Fee Related US10570688B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-11-05 | Casing hanger assembly |
US16/798,496 Abandoned US20200208487A1 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2020-02-24 | Casing hanger assembly |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US14/933,184 Expired - Fee Related US10570688B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-11-05 | Casing hanger assembly |
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Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CA2875068A1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-12 | Dustin Jack | Drilling waste receiving assembly |
US10526860B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2020-01-07 | James A. Rose | Casing hanger assembly |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7159666B2 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2007-01-09 | Philippe Nobileau | Method to install a cylindrical pipe in a wellbore |
US6805200B2 (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2004-10-19 | Dril-Quip, Inc. | Horizontal spool tree wellhead system and method |
US7413018B2 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2008-08-19 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Apparatus for wellbore communication |
US7647973B2 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2010-01-19 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Collapse arrestor tool |
US8919453B2 (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2014-12-30 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Scalloped landing ring |
-
2015
- 2015-11-05 US US14/933,184 patent/US10570688B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2020
- 2020-02-24 US US16/798,496 patent/US20200208487A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US10570688B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 |
US20160222768A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
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