US20190084049A1 - Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial - Google Patents

Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20190084049A1
US20190084049A1 US16/133,448 US201816133448A US2019084049A1 US 20190084049 A1 US20190084049 A1 US 20190084049A1 US 201816133448 A US201816133448 A US 201816133448A US 2019084049 A1 US2019084049 A1 US 2019084049A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
silver
silver alloy
composite nanomaterial
alloy composite
article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US16/133,448
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wen Cao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pacific Import Manufacturing Inc
Original Assignee
Pacific Import Manufacturing Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pacific Import Manufacturing Inc filed Critical Pacific Import Manufacturing Inc
Publication of US20190084049A1 publication Critical patent/US20190084049A1/en
Priority to US17/136,291 priority Critical patent/US20210121964A1/en
Assigned to Pacific Import Manufacturing, Inc. reassignment Pacific Import Manufacturing, Inc. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CAO, WEN
Assigned to CAO, WEN reassignment CAO, WEN ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Pacific Import Manufacturing, Inc.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/12—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from gaseous material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/0077—
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A63B71/12—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions for the body or the legs, e.g. for the shoulders
    • A63B71/1225—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions for the body or the legs, e.g. for the shoulders for the legs, e.g. thighs, knees, ankles, feet
    • B22F1/0018—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • C22C5/08—Alloys based on silver with copper as the next major constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
    • D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
    • D06N3/009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin by spraying components on the web
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0005—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous substrate being coated with at least one layer of a polymer on the top surface
    • D06N7/0039—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous substrate being coated with at least one layer of a polymer on the top surface characterised by the physical or chemical aspects of the layers
    • D06N7/0052—Compounding ingredients, e.g. rigid elements
    • D06N7/0055—Particulate material such as cork, rubber particles, reclaimed resin particles, magnetic particles, metal particles, glass beads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D2500/00—Materials for garments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/30—Antimicrobial, e.g. antibacterial
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
    • B22F2301/255—Silver or gold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
    • B22F2304/05—Submicron size particles
    • B22F2304/054—Particle size between 1 and 100 nm
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/10—Particulate form, e.g. powder, granule
    • D06N2205/103—Nanoparticles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/10—Clothing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2049—Each major face of the fabric has at least one coating or impregnation
    • Y10T442/2057—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
    • Y10T442/2074—At least one coating or impregnation contains particulate material
    • Y10T442/2082—At least one coating or impregnation functions to fix pigments or particles on the surface of a coating or impregnation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of nanomaterials, and in particular relates to silver alloy nanomaterials.
  • Silver is widely deemed as a safe and reliable bactericidal material.
  • the bactericidal effect of nano-silver cannot be replicated by other inorganic materials.
  • nano-silver is produced by chemical methods.
  • nano-silver produced by such methods is present in the reaction solution, and separation of the nano-silver from the liquid in the solid-liquid solution is difficult. This limits the industrialization of nano-silver.
  • the purity of the product is difficult to ensure.
  • the waste generated in the production process may pollute the environment.
  • nano-silver powder extracted from the solution easily forms agglomerates, which are difficult to disperse again. This becomes a technical barrier to the application of nano-silver in various industries.
  • the physical preparation method of nano-silver according to known preparation methods is only suitable for laboratory operation, and needs to be protected by an inert gas such as argon gas or helium gas.
  • an inert gas such as argon gas or helium gas.
  • silver can be easily oxidized to form silver oxide, which undermines its bactericidal effect.
  • the particle size is difficult to have a uniform distribution. Only when heated to a temperature of 300° C. can the oxygen element in the silver oxide be completely removed and the silver reduced to metal silver. However, the foregoing process may form large particle agglomerates, thereby the bactericidal performance thereof is greatly reduced.
  • the present disclosure describes methods of preparing a nano-powder that overcomes various challenges, drawbacks, and barriers associated with known nano-power preparation methods and comprises preparing a material, gasifying the material, condensing the material, and collecting the condensed material for further treatment and/or use.
  • the present disclosure also describes systems and methods of utilizing a nano-powder such as a nano-powder prepared according to the methods described herein.
  • a method of preparing a silver alloy composite nanomaterial comprises: preparing a composite metal rod by combining silver with one or more of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, and titanium; evaporating a tip of the composite metal rod by using the composite metal rod as an anode conductor of a direct current power supply and forming an electric arc between the anode conductor and a cathode, yielding a gaseous alloy; and cooling the gaseous alloy by subjecting the gaseous alloy to a gas, for example air, flowing at about 0.5 to about 1.5 times the speed of sound, causing the gaseous alloy to condense and yielding a cooled silver alloy composite nanomaterial.
  • a gas for example air
  • aspects of the foregoing method may include at least one of the following: further comprising collecting the cooled silver alloy composite nanomaterial with a powder collector; wherein silver accounts for about 40% to about 80% of the composite metal rod by weight; wherein preparing the composite metal rod further comprises: weaving a silver wire with a metal wire of one or more of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, and titanium to yield a mixed metal wire, and cold rolling the mixed metal wire to yield the composite metal rod; wherein at least one of the silver wire and the metal wire of one or more of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, and titanium has a diameter of about 0.4 to about 1.0 mm, and the composite metal rod has a diameter of about 4 to about 6 mm; wherein a temperature of the arc formed between the anode conductor and the cathode is at least about 5000° C.; wherein a particle size of the cooled silver alloy composite nanomaterial is from about 10 nm to about 30 nm; wherein the direct current power supply has a voltage of about 30 to about 40 V and
  • An article of clothing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a fabric permeated with a silver alloy composite nanomaterial.
  • aspects of the foregoing article of clothing may include: wherein the silver alloy composite nanomaterial comprises an alloy of silver and at least one of copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide; wherein a particle size of particles of the silver alloy composite nanomaterial is from about 10 nm to about 30 nm; and/or wherein silver accounts for about 40% to about 80% by weight of the silver alloy composite nanomaterial.
  • An article of manufacture according to another embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: at least one surface coated with a silver alloy composite nanomaterial, wherein the silver alloy composite nanomaterial comprises an alloy of silver and at least one of copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide, and further wherein silver accounts for about 40% to about 80% of the by weight of the silver alloy composite nanomaterial.
  • aspects of the foregoing article of manufacture may include: wherein a particle size of particles of the silver alloy composite nanomaterial is from about 10 nm to about 30 nm; wherein the silver alloy composite nanomaterial is secured to the at least one surface with a bonding agent; and/or wherein the article of manufacture is intended to be worn on a human body.
  • each of the expressions “at least one of A, B and C”, “at least one of A, B, or C”, “one or more of A, B, and C”, “one or more of A, B, or C” and “A, B, and/or C” means A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, or A, B and C together.
  • each one of A, B, and C in the above expressions refers to an element, such as X, Y, and Z, or class of elements, such as X 1 -X n , Y 1 -Y m , and Z 1 -Z 0
  • the phrase is intended to refer to a single element selected from X, Y, and Z, a combination of elements selected from the same class (e.g., X 1 and X 2 ) as well as a combination of elements selected from two or more classes (e.g., Y 1 and Z 0 ).
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a first example described in the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a transmission electron micrograph of a first example described in the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of a second example described in the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a transmission electron micrograph of a second example described in the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of a third example described in the present disclosure.
  • nano-silver is produced by chemical methods.
  • nano-silver produced by such methods is present in the reaction solution, and separation of the solid nano-silver from the liquid in the solid-liquid solution is difficult. This limits the industrialization of nano-silver.
  • the purity of the product is difficult to ensure.
  • the waste generated in the production process may pollute the environment.
  • nano-silver powder extracted from the solution easily forms agglomerates, which are difficult to disperse again. This becomes a technical barrier to the application of nano-silver in various industries.
  • the physical preparation method of nano-silver according to known preparation methods is only suitable for laboratory operation, and needs to be protected by an inert gas such as argon gas or helium gas.
  • an inert gas such as argon gas or helium gas.
  • silver can be easily oxidized to form silver oxide, which undermines its bactericidal effect.
  • the particle size is difficult to have a uniform distribution. Only when heated to a temperature of 300° C. can the oxygen element in the silver oxide be completely removed and the silver reduced to metal silver. However, the foregoing process may form large particle agglomerates, thereby the bactericidal performance thereof is greatly reduced.
  • the present disclosure describes methods of preparing a silver alloy composite nanomaterial.
  • the production process is simple and controllable, and the energy consumption is low, thereby facilitating large scale production.
  • the method is environmentally friendly.
  • the silver alloy composite nanomaterial of the present disclosure does not easily agglomerate and thus maintains its particle size. Further the bactericidal performance of the composite nano-powder is more stable and reliable.
  • the nano-material is produced based on the physical principles of gasification and condensation, and no chemical raw materials such as acid and alkali are needed, and no pollutants such as waste water, waste gas and waste solid are generated.
  • the production process of the present disclosure is simple and controllable, and the energy consumption is low, thereby facilitating large scale productions. Moreover, the product is clean and the product quality is guaranteed.
  • the physical properties of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum and/or titanium metal are fully utilized, which effectively prevents atomic agglomeration and oxidation of metal silver.
  • the particles of the composite nano-powder are only about 10 nm to about 30 nm in size, and the size of the metal silver may be even smaller. Therefore, compared with pure nano-silver, the product of the present disclosure does not easily to agglomerate or grow in particle size, and the bactericidal performance of the composite nano-powder is more stable and reliable.
  • the prepared composite nano-powder combines the characteristics of at least one metal oxide such as copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, etc., and is more convenient in the application of specific products in the fields of textiles, coatings, ceramics, medicine, metal processing, and so on.
  • metal oxide such as copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, etc.
  • a method 100 for preparing a nano-powder comprises preparing material (step 104 ); gasifying the material (step 108 ); condensing the material (step 112 ); and collecting the condensed material (step 116 ).
  • the material may be, for example, a silver alloy in a solid state.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure may utilize a silver alloy comprising one or more of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, or titanium.
  • Preparing the material may comprise, for example, combining raw materials (e.g., wires of the constituent metals of the silver alloy) into a composite metal rod.
  • silver may account for about 40% to about 80% of the rod by weight or mass.
  • the weight or mass percentage of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, or titanium may be from about 20% to about 60%. In some embodiments, less than about one weight or mass percent of incidental materials can be included in the composite.
  • Preparing the material may further comprise weaving a silver wire with a metal wire of at least one of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, and titanium into a mixed metal wire, and cold rolling to form the composite metal rod.
  • the metal wire of the silver, copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, and/or titanium may have a diameter of about 0.4 to about 1.0 mm, and the composite metal rod may have a diameter of about 4 to about 6 mm.
  • Gasifying the material may comprise, for example, heating the composite alloy until the composite alloy transitions to a gaseous state. This may be accomplished, for example, by forming an electric arc with a cathode using a composite metal rod as an anode conductor of a direct current power source to cause gasification and evaporation of a metal rod tip end of the anode conductor, so as to generate a gaseous metal atomic group, such that silver atoms are sufficiently mixed with atoms of at least one of copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum and titanium atoms to form a gaseous alloy.
  • the temperature of the arc formed by the anode conductor and the cathode may be about 5000° C. or higher.
  • the temperature of the arc formed by the anode conductor and the cathode may be between about 5000° C. and about 10,000° C.
  • the direct current power supply used to form the arc may have a voltage of about 30 to about 40 volts, and a current of about 900 to about 1100 amps.
  • Condensing the material may comprise, for example, cooling the gaseous composite alloy until the gaseous composite alloy condenses into a solid state, in which solid state the gaseous composite alloy may comprise a nano-powder comprising nanoparticles.
  • cooling may be accomplished, for example, by applying an air flow traveling at about 0.5 to about 1.5 times the speed of sound to the gaseous alloy.
  • the air flow may be directed on the gaseous alloy at the same time as the metal gasification. Use of such a high speed air flow shortens the transition time period from the gaseous state to the solid state, and prevents the formation of a core-shell structure of the component materials as a result of the difference in their respective melting points.
  • a quick cooling process can help to reduce the oxidation of silver atoms.
  • copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum and/or titanium metal atoms associate with the oxygen atoms in the air more easily than do the silver atoms, and form the respective metal oxide (e.g., copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide or titanium dioxide).
  • the silver atom returns to solid elemental silver.
  • introducing a large amount of cooling air into the system causes the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the air to collide with the gaseous metal atoms of the silver and of the copper, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, and/or titanium, such that the same metal atoms cannot aggregate significantly, thereby returning from the gaseous state to a solid state to form composite particles having a particle size of about 10 nm to about 30 nm. This helps to ensure that the metal silver therein exists in a nanoscale form.
  • Collecting the condensed material may comprise collecting the solid state nanoparticles, which may then be subjected to further processing such as heat treating.
  • the finally obtained composite nano-powder is not a simple mixture of nano-silver particles with metal oxide particles formed of copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and/or titanium dioxide. Rather, the resulting composite nano-powder is a brand new material in which silver and the metal oxide (whether copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and/or titanium dioxide) are tightly bonded at the atomic level, and these components cannot be separated individually.
  • a method 200 for preparing a silver composite nano-powder comprises preparing a composite metal rod (step 204 ).
  • the composite metal rod may be prepared, for example, from a first silver wire and a second wire formed of a metal to be alloyed with the silver.
  • the first and second wires may be combined in any known manner to achieve a composite metal rod with a desired mass percentage of silver.
  • the first and second wires may be woven together into a mixed metal wire, and then cold rolled to form a composite metal rod.
  • the method 200 comprises evaporating a portion of the composite metal rod (step 208 ).
  • the evaporating causes the portion of the composite metal rod to transition from a solid state into a gaseous state.
  • the evaporating is accomplished by using the composite metal rod as an anode conductor. Any known method or operation for evaporating metals may alternatively be used to evaporate a portion of the composite metal rod.
  • the gaseous alloy is condensed into solid particles (step 212 ).
  • the gaseous alloy is quickly removed from the high temperature region of the gasification process and rapidly cooled to or beyond the point of condensation.
  • the evaporating and condensing steps may occur at the same time or in immediate succession, so that newly evaporated gaseous alloy is continuously being condensed.
  • the condensed solid particles are collected (step 216 ).
  • the gas-solid separation resulting from the evaporating step 208 and the condensing step 212 is passed through a powder collector, so as to obtain a composite nano-powder.
  • the composite nano-powder is subjected to heat treatment (step 220 ).
  • the heat treatment may be selected to prevent the oxidization of silver in the composite nano-powder.
  • the heat treatment can be at a temperature between about 280° C. and about 400° C., in some embodiments about 300° C.
  • a composite metal rod was formed of a silver wire having a diameter of about 0.5 mm and a purity of about 99. 9 %, and a copper wire having a diameter of about 0.5 mm and a purity of about 99.9%.
  • the silver wire accounted for about 70% of the total mass of the composite metal rod while the copper wire accounted for about 30% of the total mass of the composite metal rod.
  • the silver wire and the copper wire were woven into a mixed metal wire having a diameter of about 8 mm, and then cold rolled to form a metal rod with a diameter of about 5 mm.
  • the composite metal rod was then used as an anode conductor and subjected to a direct current voltage of about 36 volts, a current of about 1050 amps, an arc length of about 30 mm, and a temperature of about 5000° C. or higher, resulting in gasification of the metal alloy of the composite metal rod.
  • the gaseous alloy was removed from the high temperature region of the gasification process by a flow of air traveling at approximately the speed of sound. This resulted in rapid cooling as well as condensation of the metal alloy, so as to form composite particles having a particle size of about 10 nm to about 30 nm when the metal returned from the gaseous state to a solid state.
  • the gas-solid separation was carried through a powder collector, so as to obtain a composite nano-powder of silver copper oxide alloy, which was then subjected to a heat treatment at about 300° C. (between about 280° C. and about 400° C.).
  • the color of the powder did not change after the powder was heated, so the silver content in the powder did not oxidize.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 comprise images obtained by a scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope of the resulting silver copper oxide alloy nano-powder obtained as described above.
  • the obtained particles are uniform and the agglomeration problem is minor.
  • the transmission electron micrograph provided in FIG. 4 shows that the particle size of the powder is from about 10 nm to about 30 nm. If the metallic silver and other oxides in the powder are separate particles, then the composite nanoparticle of the silver copper oxide alloy will grow larger when heated at about 300° C. to form hard agglomeration. However, the powder particles shown in the electron micrograph are heat treated and yet do not have such large hard agglomerated particles.
  • the composite nano-powder of silver copper oxide alloy obtained as described above was subjected to an antibacterial test with textile (knitted cloth), and achieved the following antibacterial rates: about 99.99% for Escherichia coli, about 99.99% for Staphylococcus aureus, and about 99.92% for Candida albicans.
  • the bactericidal rates of the composite nano-powder are about 95.71% for Escherichia coli, about 99.77% for Staphylococcus aureus, and about 97.17% for Candida albicans.
  • the textiles can be used for in some embodiments, greater than 0 days and less than about seven days, in some embodiments about seven days, and in still some embodiments at least about seven days, continuously without change, and remain odorless.
  • a composite metal rod was formed of a silver wire having a diameter of about 0.5 mm and a purity of about 99.9%, and a zinc wire having a diameter of about 0.5 mm and a purity of about 99.9%.
  • the silver wire accounted for about 80% of the total mass of the composite metal rod while the zinc wire accounted for about 20% of the total mass of the composite metal rod.
  • the silver wire and the zinc wire were woven into a mixed metal wire having a diameter of about 8 mm, and then cold rolled to a metal rod with a diameter of about 5 mm.
  • the metal rod of silver and zinc was then used as an anode conductor under a DC voltage of about 32 volts, a current of about 980 amps, an arc length is about 28 mm, and a temperature of about 5000° C. or higher, resulting in gasification of the silver-zinc alloy of the composite metal rod.
  • the gaseous alloy was removed from the high temperature region by an air flow of about 1.2 time the speed of sound for rapid cooling so as to form a composite particle of about 10 nm to about 30 nm when the metal returned from the gaseous state to a solid state.
  • the gas-solid separation was passed through a powder collector, so as to obtain a composite nano-powder of silver zinc oxide alloy.
  • This silver zinc oxide alloy nano-powder was then subjected to a heat treatment at about 300° C. (between about 280° C. and about 400° C.). The color of the powder did not change after the powder was heated, so the silver content in the powder did not oxidize.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 comprise images obtained by a scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope of the resulting silver zinc oxide alloy nano-powder obtained as described above. As in the first example, the obtained particles are uniform and the agglomeration problem is minor.
  • the silver zinc oxide alloy obtained in the present example was next subjected to antibacterial test as a coating, and achieved the following antibacterial rates: about 99.99% for Escherichia coli and about 99.99% for Staphylococcus aureus.
  • the silver zinc oxide alloy was coated on the inner liner of a refrigerator, and the refrigerator was put into normal use for about 6 months. At the conclusion of the 6 months, no bacteria was detected on the coating, and the inside of the refrigerator was completely odorless.
  • a third example is now described for purposes of comparison with the first example.
  • substantially pure silver was evaporated in the same manner as described in the first example.
  • the cooling air flow rate was less than about 0.3 times the speed of sound.
  • the obtained mixture of metal silver and silver oxide was then heated to a temperature of about 300° C. to obtain a nano-silver powder.
  • FIG. 7 shows the scanning electron micrograph of this resulting powder.
  • the particles in FIG. 7 are significantly larger than the silver copper oxide alloy particles and the silver zinc oxide alloy particles in the first and second examples, and are accompanied by large agglomerates.
  • the mixture of silver metal and silver oxide obtained in this comparative example was then used for antibacterial tests with textiles (socks), and demonstrated antibacterial rates of about 88.24% for Escherichia coli, about 98.43% for Staphylococcus aureus, and about 96.84% for Candida albicans.
  • the bactericidal rates were: E. coli about 0%, Staphylococcus aureus about 63.33%, and Candida albicans about 40.00%.
  • the nano-powder of this third example met the AAA standard for antibacterial textiles, the nano-powder did not prevent odor generation.
  • the silver alloy composite nanomaterial obtained in the first example had better antibacterial performance and less agglomeration than the pure nano-silver obtained in the third example.
  • the silver alloy nanomaterial obtained using the methods 100 and/or 200 may be applied on or to a variety of textiles, fabrics, and surfaces where sterility is important and not always easy to maintain, such that a passive (e.g., inorganic) antibacterial/bactericidal substance may be useful.
  • a passive (e.g., inorganic) antibacterial/bactericidal substance may be useful.
  • silver alloy nanomaterials may be applied to textiles and fabrics, including to articles of clothing made of textiles and fabrics.
  • silver alloy nanomaterials may be particularly beneficial on articles of clothing that may be expected to exposed to sweat or to become odorous, including socks, underwear, shoe liners, athletic and/or workout clothing (including shirts, shorts, pants, jackets, coats, headbands, wristbands, sweatbands, hats, jock straps, sports bras, sports uniforms, and the like) and any other such articles of clothing.
  • fabrics and textiles used in bath and bedding products such as bathroom and other floor mats, towels, linens, sheets, blankets, bed coverings, pillowcases, pillows, mattress pads, mattresses, and the like may also benefit from application of silver alloy nanomaterials thereto.
  • Silver alloy nanomaterials may also be beneficially applied to equipment (including both fabric/textile portions of such equipment and non-fabric/non-textile surfaces of such equipment) intended to be worn on the body that may be expected to be exposed to sweat and/or to become odorous, including sports equipment (e.g., football pads, hockey pads, helmets, facemasks, shin guards, and the like) and security/protective equipment (e.g., police and/or military tactical vests, helmets, riot gear).
  • sports equipment e.g., football pads, hockey pads, helmets, facemasks, shin guards, and the like
  • security/protective equipment e.g., police and/or military tactical vests, helmets, riot gear
  • silver alloy nanomaterials may be made beneficially in connection with fabrics, textiles, and equipment in the medical field, including hospital linens, sheets, bed coverings, towels, surgical gauze, bandages, sponges, diapers, chair cushions and coverings, and other soft medical materials; surfaces and handles of operating tables, examination tables, beds, and other surfaces that need to be sterile or would benefit from being sterile. Any fabric, textile, or surface that needs to be sterile or would benefit from being sterile, or that may be expected to become odorous, may benefit from application of silver alloy nanomaterials thereto.
  • Silver alloy nanomaterials may be applied to a textile or fabric in a variety of ways.
  • the textile or fabric may be permeated with the silver alloy nanomaterials, or the silver alloy nanomaterial may be sprayed thereon, whether in a dry or wet solution.
  • the silver alloy nanomaterials may also be mixed with a bonding agent prior to application thereof to a textile or fabric.
  • silver alloy nanomaterials may be mixed with or applied on top of a bonding agent when applied to hard surfaces such as refrigerator surfaces, operating tables, and the like.
  • the present disclosure in various aspects, embodiments, and/or configurations, includes components, methods, processes, systems and/or apparatus substantially as depicted and described herein, including various aspects, embodiments, configurations embodiments, subcombinations, and/or subsets thereof.
  • the present disclosure in various aspects, embodiments, and/or configurations, includes providing devices and processes in the absence of items not depicted and/or described herein or in various aspects, embodiments, and/or configurations hereof, including in the absence of such items as may have been used in previous devices or processes, e.g., for improving performance, achieving ease and/or reducing cost of implementation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
US16/133,448 2017-09-15 2018-09-17 Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial Abandoned US20190084049A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/136,291 US20210121964A1 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-12-29 Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710834160.XA CN107671303B (zh) 2017-09-15 2017-09-15 一种银合金复合纳米材料的制备方法
CN201710834160.X 2017-09-15

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/136,291 Division US20210121964A1 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-12-29 Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20190084049A1 true US20190084049A1 (en) 2019-03-21

Family

ID=61136313

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/133,448 Abandoned US20190084049A1 (en) 2017-09-15 2018-09-17 Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial
US17/136,291 Pending US20210121964A1 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-12-29 Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/136,291 Pending US20210121964A1 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-12-29 Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (2) US20190084049A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN107671303B (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111171447B (zh) * 2020-01-20 2021-09-14 深圳市捷安纳米复合材料有限公司 杀菌塑料母粒及其制备方法和应用
CN111549446A (zh) * 2020-03-02 2020-08-18 深圳市捷安纳米复合材料有限公司 一种杀病毒的无纺布及其制备工艺、及使用该无纺布的防护服
CN111468738A (zh) * 2020-03-02 2020-07-31 深圳市捷安纳米复合材料有限公司 一种纳米银铜合金材料及其制备方法
CN111528553A (zh) * 2020-03-02 2020-08-14 深圳市捷安纳米复合材料有限公司 一种杀病毒的口罩及口罩过滤层的制备方法
CN111454516B (zh) * 2020-03-02 2023-06-02 深圳市捷安纳米复合材料有限公司 杀菌聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53748A (en) * 1976-06-23 1978-01-06 Akira Yamauchi Foot wear member containing metallic fine powder for vesicular eczema
DE60141525D1 (de) * 2000-09-15 2010-04-22 Bruder Healthcare Co Wund- und behandlungskompresse und verband
US6689192B1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2004-02-10 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for producing metallic nanoparticles
US9724260B2 (en) * 2005-02-22 2017-08-08 Compression Dynamics, LLC Compression garment
GB0712287D0 (en) * 2007-06-22 2007-08-01 Ucl Business Plc Antimicrobial Conjugates
WO2011054113A1 (en) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-12 Ap&C Advanced Powders & Coatings Inc. Methods and apparatuses for preparing spheroidal powders
CN102615289A (zh) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-01 杭州华纳塔器科技有限公司 蒸发-冷凝制备超细金属粉末的方法
WO2013106410A2 (en) * 2012-01-10 2013-07-18 Duda Marcus Improved sock for treatment of foot and leg wounds, methods of use and manufacture
CN105710388A (zh) * 2016-04-06 2016-06-29 常州市奥普泰科光电有限公司 一种铜银核壳粉末电接触材料的制备方法
CN107312284A (zh) * 2017-08-01 2017-11-03 安徽原动力生产力促进中心有限公司 一种3d打印纳米复合材料的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20210121964A1 (en) 2021-04-29
CN107671303B (zh) 2018-12-21
CN107671303A (zh) 2018-02-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20210121964A1 (en) Preparation and Use of Silver Alloy Composite Nanomaterial
WO2017185714A1 (zh) 一种纳米纤维抗菌非织造材料及制备方法
US11008675B2 (en) Antimicrobial and wicking materials and methods of making the same
EP3676429B1 (en) Methods and compositions for cooling yarns and fabrics, and articles comprising same
CN111528553A (zh) 一种杀病毒的口罩及口罩过滤层的制备方法
WO2021208232A1 (zh) 一种纳米银铜合金材料及其制备方法
Guo et al. Suppression of isothermal ω phase by dislocation tangles and grain boundaries in metastable β-type titanium alloys
CN111172619A (zh) 纤维及其制备方法、用途和纺织品
WO2021147234A1 (zh) 杀菌塑料母粒及其制备方法和应用
EP3228735B1 (en) Silver containing antimicrobial materials
CN111534927A (zh) 一种医用口罩用低阻力、易成型无纺布的制备方法
Wang et al. Preparation of graphene oxide (GO)/lanthanum coordination polymers for enhancement of bactericidal activity
TWI696716B (zh) 銅合金纖維絲抗菌紗
DE60029257T2 (de) Gesundes faserprodukt
Kara et al. Structural and antibacterial properties of PP/CuO composite filaments having different cross sectional shapes
KR101157513B1 (ko) 은 나노입자가 증착된 마스터배치을 이용하여 제조된다기능사 및 이의 제조방법
Mirhosseini et al. Preparation of ZnO-polystyerne composite films and investigation of antibacterial properties of ZnO-polystyerne composite films
KR102396477B1 (ko) 동선이 혼합된 발열용 편성물 및 그 편성물을 이용한 원단의 제조방법
TW202235504A (zh) 用於冷卻紗線及織物之方法及組合物，以及包含冷卻紗線及織物之製品
CN111549446A (zh) 一种杀病毒的无纺布及其制备工艺、及使用该无纺布的防护服
CN112793262A (zh) 一种抑菌透气防割防刺面料及其生产方法
Repon et al. Progress in MXene Integrated Wearable Textile Devices for Thermotherapy
JP2005336635A (ja) ゲルマニウム成分付着綿およびその綿を素材とする繊維製品
JP2020001389A (ja) 繊維シート
KR200384875Y1 (ko) 나노 실버와 향이 함유된 의복

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER

AS Assignment

Owner name: PACIFIC IMPORT MANUFACTURING, INC., CALIFORNIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CAO, WEN;REEL/FRAME:055332/0920

Effective date: 20190630

Owner name: CAO, WEN, CHINA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PACIFIC IMPORT MANUFACTURING, INC.;REEL/FRAME:055333/0475

Effective date: 20190611

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION