US20180369855A1 - Spreading unit - Google Patents
Spreading unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20180369855A1 US20180369855A1 US16/060,599 US201616060599A US2018369855A1 US 20180369855 A1 US20180369855 A1 US 20180369855A1 US 201616060599 A US201616060599 A US 201616060599A US 2018369855 A1 US2018369855 A1 US 2018369855A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- spreading
- spreading unit
- component
- viscous material
- shaper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
- B05C11/04—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
- B05C11/023—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
- B05C11/04—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades
- B05C11/041—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades characterised by means for positioning, loading, or deforming the blades
- B05C11/042—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades characterised by means for positioning, loading, or deforming the blades allowing local positioning, loading or deforming along the blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/40—Distributing applied liquids or other fluent materials by members moving relatively to surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
- B31F1/12—Crêping
- B31F1/14—Crêping by doctor blades arranged crosswise to the web
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F15/00—Screen printers
- B41F15/14—Details
- B41F15/40—Inking units
- B41F15/42—Inking units comprising squeegees or doctors
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/08—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material
- D21H25/10—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with blades
Definitions
- the disclosure relates to a spreading unit for spreading viscous material and to a method for spreading a viscous material.
- sealing material such as, for instance, aircraft sealants or silicone-like sealing material
- various application units are known.
- EP 2 896 463 A1 a shaping nozzle for the application and forming of a seal seam on a component is described. With a nozzle, only a seam with a nozzle-specific shape can here respectively be formed.
- This spreading unit has two brush portions, which, for the bridging of offsets in a component, can be manually adjusted relative to each other. Two portions of different height across a projection can herewith be surface-treated. For the adjustment, the spreading process has to be interrupted. In addition, a continuous adaptation of the spreading unit to changing component surfaces is also not possible.
- the problem underlying the disclosure is to design and refine a known spreading unit such that viscous material can be easily and flexibly spread on a component.
- a spreading unit having a shaper, for spreading viscous material on a component.
- the shaper has a shaping contour for the forming of the viscous material in the course of the spreading. Because the shaping contour of the shaper, for the forming of the viscous material, is adjustable by actuator-based means, the shaping contour can be flexibly and easily adapted to the component. In some embodiments, it is possible to adjust the shaping contour in the course of the spreading in order to adapt the thus produced seam to component requirements. A simple, flexible and cost-effective spreading of viscous material is hereby enabled.
- the viscous material can be constituted, in particular, by a sealing material, in particular an aircraft sealant or a silicone-like sealing material.
- the component can be an assembly of parts and the viscous material can be spread along a joint of the parts of the assembly.
- the spreading of the viscous material can be effected by a movement of the component and/or by a movement of the spreading unit.
- the spreading unit is configured as an end effector for a manipulator, such as, for instance, a portal machine and/or an industrial robot.
- the spreading unit has a nozzle.
- the nozzle and the shaper have a fixed distance apart. In this way, in the drawing of seams with the viscous material, a uniform drying and/or hardening of the viscous material from the time of discharge from the nozzle to the point of forming by the shaping contour can be obtained, for instance.
- the seam quality is hereby able to be easily raised.
- the spreading unit has a sensor for detecting that region of the component which is to be coated.
- a joint which is intended to be coated with the viscous material can be detected, for instance.
- a volume flow and/or mass flow which is required, for instance, to fill the joint, is determinable.
- the shaper has rods, which are adjustable by actuator-based means, in particular are linearly adjustable, for the adjustment of the shaping contour.
- rods which are adjustable by actuator-based means, in particular are linearly adjustable, for the adjustment of the shaping contour.
- various shaping contours are very easily able to be set in a very flexible manner.
- the shaper has a casing, which provides the shaping contour. In this way, a continuous shaping contour is able to be easily realized.
- the above-stated object is achieved according to a method having features described herein.
- the viscous material is coated in an automated manner.
- Some embodiments provide a spreading unit, having a shaper, for spreading viscous material, in particular sealing material, on a component, the shaper having a shaping contour for the forming of the viscous material in the course of the spreading, wherein the shaping contour of the shaper for the forming of the viscous material is adjustable by actuator-based means.
- the spreading unit has a nozzle for applying the viscous material, in particular the sealing material, on the component.
- the spreading unit has a sensor, in particular a line laser, for detecting that region of the component which is to be coated.
- the shaper has rods, which are adjustable by actuator-based means, in particular are linearly adjustable, for the adjustment of the shaping contour.
- the rods are adjustable by actuator-based means in one motional direction and in the direction opposite to the motional direction, and/or wherein the rods are adjustable by actuator-based means in one motional direction and are pretensioned in the direction opposite to the motional direction.
- the shaper has a casing, which provides the shaping contour, wherein the casing consists of elastomer material and/or comprises elastomer material.
- a plurality of rods, in particular each rod, are/is individually driven.
- the rods are adjustable via piezo actuators.
- Some embodiments provide a system for spreading viscous material on a component, the system having a component receptacle for receiving a component, wherein the system has a spreading unit as described herein.
- the system has a manipulator having the spreading unit as the end effector.
- Some embodiments provide a method for spreading a viscous material on a component by means of a spreading unit having a shaper having a shaping contour, the spreading unit such as being configured as described herein, wherein the shaping contour of the shaper for changing the shape of the viscous material is adjusted by actuator-based means.
- a sensor in particular a line laser, detects a region to be coated of the component, and the sensor data are analyzed by a control system, wherein, by means of the control system, the shaping contour of the shaper is controlled and/or regulated in dependence on the sensor data.
- control system controls and/or regulates, in dependence on the sensor data, the relative movement between the component and the spreading unit.
- control system regulates and/or controls, in dependence on the sensor data, the volume flow and/or mass flow of viscous material through a nozzle onto the region to be coated.
- That region of the component which is to be coated has a joint, in particular a gap and/or an edge, and wherein the shaping contour is adapted to the joint, in particular the gap and/or the edge.
- a seam is produced, wherein the cross section at the start and/or end of the seam is diminished by an alteration of the shaping contour.
- cross-sectional changes of the seam are continuously performed by alteration of the shaping contour.
- FIG. 1 shows in schematic representation a spreading unit for spreading viscous material
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the shaper in two views
- FIG. 3 shows the embodiment from FIG. 2 with differently adjusted shaping contour
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the shaper in two views
- FIG. 5 shows various shaping contours for the filling of a joint
- FIG. 6 shows various possible further shaping contours for producing different shapes of the viscous material.
- FIG. 1 shows a spreading unit 1 , having a shaper 2 , for spreading viscous material 3 on a component 4 .
- the shaper 2 has, as shown in FIG. 2 , a shaping contour 5 for the forming of the viscous material 3 in the course of the spreading.
- the viscous material 3 can be constituted by a sealing material, in particular an aircraft sealant or a silicone-like sealing material.
- the component 4 can in particular be an assembly, such as an aircraft structural component and/or a motor vehicle part, in particular a body structural component.
- the disclosure has recognized that, if the shaping contour 5 of the shaper 2 for the forming of the viscous material 3 is adjustable by actuator-based means, the spreading unit 1 is usable in a very versatile manner. With it, various shapes of the viscous material 3 can be produced. In various embodiments, it is possible to change the shaping of the viscous material 3 during the spreading.
- a seam 6 is produced.
- a joint 7 in a component 4 can be filled and/or sealed.
- the joint 7 can be, for instance, a gap or an edge.
- the spreading unit 1 can have, for the application of the viscous material 3 on the component, a nozzle 8 .
- the nozzle 8 can be arranged before the shaper 2 in the relative motional direction of the spreading unit 1 to the component 4 .
- the spreading unit 1 can have a sensor 9 for detecting the region to be coated, such as a joint 7 , of the component 4 .
- the sensor 9 can be arranged before the nozzle 8 and/or the shaper 2 in the relative motional direction. In the course of the spreading, it can run ahead of the nozzle 8 and/or the shaper 2 .
- the sensor 9 is configured as an optical sensor, in particular a line laser. With a line laser, a reliable detection is enabled.
- a seam 6 can be created in such a way that the cross section at the start 6 a and/or end 6 b of the seam 6 is diminished by an alteration of the shaping contour 5 . This applies, in particular, also to the start and/or the end of a seam 6 , if it, in the region of the start and/or end, overlaps with a seam.
- cross-sectional changes of the seam 6 can be continuously performed by an alteration of the shaping contour 5 .
- a better seam pattern is hereby obtained.
- control system 10 can control and/or regulate, in dependence on the sensor data, the relative movement between the component 4 and the spreading unit 1 .
- the relative movement, which is necessary for the spreading, between component 4 and shaper 2 can here be generated in different ways.
- the spreading unit 1 can be configured as an end effector and be moved relative to the component 4 .
- the component 4 can be moved relative to the shaper 2 .
- the component 4 can be received in a component receptacle 11 and the component receptacle 11 can be moved relative to the shaper 2 .
- systems according to the proposal are respectively formed.
- the volume flow or mass flow can be increased and/or the shaping contour 5 adjusted and the joint 7 filled, without the speed of the relative movement having to be adapted.
- volume flow or mass flow of viscous material can be regulated and/or controlled in dependence on the shape of the shaping contour 5 and/or in dependence on the feed rate.
- the shaping contour 5 can be adjusted in such a way that the seam 6 , in the course of the spreading, is convexly and/or concavely configured. In various embodiments, the shaping contour 5 can be adjusted in line with the component 4 in such a way that the shaping contour 5 forms an opening, in the shape of the seam 6 to be formed, with the component 4 , and bears on both sides, in particular at the ends of the shaping contour 5 , against the component 4 .
- the shaper 2 here has for the adjustment of the shaping contour 5 rods 12 which are adjustable by actuator-based means, in particular linearly adjustable rods 12 .
- various shaping contours 5 are able to be provided in a quite simple manner.
- the rods 12 are adjustable, in particular continuously, between a retracted and an extended setting.
- the rods 12 are adjustable by actuator-based means in one motional direction and in the direction opposite to the motional direction, and/or are adjustable in one motional direction and pretensioned in a direction opposite to the motional direction. In this way, a linear adjustment is able to be provided in a particularly simple manner.
- the shaper 2 can have a casing 13 , which provides the shaping contour 5 .
- the casing 13 is drawn over a plurality of rods 12 , in particular all rods 12 .
- the casing 13 can consist of an elastomer material, in particular rubber, and/or comprises an elastomer material, in particular rubber. That region of the casing 13 which forms the shaping contour 5 can be of reinforced, in particular thicker configuration.
- the casing is arranged, moreover, detachably on the shaper 2 . As a result, it can be easily exchanged, for instance if a different viscous material is intended to be used.
- the pretension in the direction opposite to the motional direction can be provided by the casing 13 .
- the spreading unit 1 has a contour shaft 14 having a servo drive 15 for the adjustment of the rods 12 .
- the contour shaft 14 has an adjustable portion 16 .
- the adjustable portion in particular the contour shaft 14 , can be of one-piece configuration or can be multipart.
- the adjustable portion is formed by individual disks. As a result, various adjustable portions can be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner by exchange of the disks.
- the adjustable portion 16 can be in continuous engagement with the rods 12 .
- the radius of the adjustable portion 16 varies over the circumference and/or over its width.
- the change in radius over the circumference and/or the width can be of continuous configuration.
- the adjustable portion, in particular over its width can be of stepped configuration.
- a step can have substantially at least the width of a rod 12 .
- a step is formed by a disk.
- FIG. 3 in the upper image, a top view of a component 4 is shown.
- the component 4 has two parts 4 a , 4 b , which are connected to each other in the form of a lap joint.
- the viscous material 3 is intended to be applied into the joint 7 as the seam 6 .
- the seam 6 can be clearly seen from the image in FIG. 3 , as well as the setting of the shaper 2 in three positions in the course of the spreading of the viscous material 3 .
- section A In section A can be seen a place in which no viscous material 3 is intended to be applied.
- shaper 2 is located somewhat above the component 4 .
- the component 4 is struck by the shaper 2 and/or the shaping contour 5 is adapted to the seam 6 to be formed.
- the shaping contour 5 is in the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 2 and can be formed by a rotation of the contour shaft 14 .
- the shape of the seam 6 is adapted by a rotation of the contour shaft 14 .
- the seam 6 can be built up continuously.
- Section B shows the shape of the shaping contour 5 during the continuous build-up of the seam 6 . If the seam 6 is structured in its shape, the seam 6 , as is evident in Section C, is carried on continuously. In this region, the shaping contour 5 can be not adapted. If the joint 7 changes, however, the shaping contour 5 can be adapted.
- FIG. 4 An alternative illustrative embodiment of the shaper 2 is shown in FIG. 4 .
- the adjustment of the shaping contour 5 is not effected via a contour shaft 14 having a servo drive 15 .
- the adjustment of the shaping contour 5 is effected by a plurality of individually driven rods 12 . Further, each rod 12 can be driven individually.
- the rods 12 are driven or adjusted via piezo actuators 17 .
- the adjustment via piezo actuators 17 has the advantage that a realization of an individual drive of a rod 12 is possible in a particularly simple and space-saving manner.
- the piezo actuators 17 can drive the rods 12 directly. In the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 4 , the piezo actuators are not arranged directly on the rods 12 . Here, the piezo actuators 17 drive the rods 12 via a lever mechanism 18 .
- the output of the piezo actuator 17 is connected by a hinged joint 19 to a lever 20 of the lever mechanism 18 .
- the piezo actuator 17 thus acts via the lever 20 on the rod 12 .
- the rod 12 can be connected by a hinged joint 21 to the lever 20 .
- the hinged joints 19 , 21 with which the piezo actuators 17 and the rods 12 are connected to the lever 20 are here arranged at the ends of the lever 20 .
- the lever 20 is here pivotally mounted in a bearing 22 . In various embodiments, by virtue of the latter, a slight movement of the piezo actuator 17 is converted into a greater movement of the rod 12 .
- the piezo actuator 17 moves on a line parallelly offset from the rod 12 .
- Other arrangements are also conceivable, however.
- shaping contours 5 can be produced in much the same way as in the illustrative embodiment comprising the contour shaft 14 and the servo drive 15 . To this extent, reference can be made in this regard to the previous comments on this subject. It should be noted, however, that a shaper 2 with piezo actuators 17 can provide shaping contours 5 in a significantly more flexible manner than is possible with a contour shaft 14 and the servo drive 15 .
- the adjustment of the shaping contour 5 can be effected using compressed air.
- a plurality of rods 12 can here be individually driven or adjusted with compressed air.
- each rod 12 can be driven or adjusted using compressed air.
- This joint is shown in FIG. 5 .
- the joint 7 widens into two steps.
- the shaping contour 5 can be adapted to the greater width of the joint 7 , as is visible in the comparison of the two sections A and B.
- the adaptation can, in particular, also be made continuously in order to provide a consistently good seam quality.
- a sensor 9 detects the joint 7 , in particular a gap and/or an edge, to which the viscous material 3 to be spread is intended to be applied and adapts the shaping contour 5 to the joint 7 , in particular the gap and/or the edge.
- FIG. 6 various shaping contours 5 for various applications are shown.
- a lap joint for instance, is coated with the viscous material 3 by a concave shaping contour 5 .
- a concave shaping contour 5 is used to coat a local reinforcement.
- the shaping contour is of continuous configuration.
- FIG. 6 c shows the application involving a sealing of a screw joint and/or rivet joint.
- the shaping contour 5 is of discontinuous configuration.
- the shaper 2 has no casing.
- discontinuous shape transitions are possible with a casing 13 .
- the spreading unit 1 is here rotationally movable, in particular about a rotation axis parallel to the rods 12 .
- screw joints and/or rivet joints can also be sealed by a linear movement.
- the sealing is here effected by an, in particular central, coating of the spreading unit 1 over the screw joint or the rivet, such as with an, in particular continuous, adaptation of the shaping contour to the rivet joint or screw joint.
- FIGS. 6 d and 6 e in the region of the viscous material application, two substantially concave shaping contours for spreading the viscous material 3 in the region of a corner joint are shown. They produce a convex seam. They differ substantially in that the attachments in the side regions of the shaper are different in size and correspondingly differently thick seams are produced.
- FIG. 6 f in the region of the viscous material coating, a substantially convex shaping contour for spreading the viscous material 3 in the region of a corner joint is shown. In FIG. 6 f , a concave seam is produced.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/EP2016/080358, entitled “Spreading Unit,” filed Dec. 9, 2016, which claims priority from German Patent Application No. DE 10 2015 121 449.0, filed Dec. 9, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- The disclosure relates to a spreading unit for spreading viscous material and to a method for spreading a viscous material.
- For the application of viscous material, in particular sealing material such as, for instance, aircraft sealants or silicone-like sealing material, various application units are known. For instance, in
EP 2 896 463 A1 a shaping nozzle for the application and forming of a seal seam on a component is described. With a nozzle, only a seam with a nozzle-specific shape can here respectively be formed. - In addition, in Japanese printed publication JP 2014-057638 a spreading unit for applying and spreading sealing material is described. This spreading unit has two brush portions, which, for the bridging of offsets in a component, can be manually adjusted relative to each other. Two portions of different height across a projection can herewith be surface-treated. For the adjustment, the spreading process has to be interrupted. In addition, a continuous adaptation of the spreading unit to changing component surfaces is also not possible.
- The problem underlying the disclosure is to design and refine a known spreading unit such that viscous material can be easily and flexibly spread on a component.
- This object is achieved by a spreading unit having features as described herein.
- More particularly, for this purpose, a spreading unit, having a shaper, for spreading viscous material on a component is proposed. The shaper has a shaping contour for the forming of the viscous material in the course of the spreading. Because the shaping contour of the shaper, for the forming of the viscous material, is adjustable by actuator-based means, the shaping contour can be flexibly and easily adapted to the component. In some embodiments, it is possible to adjust the shaping contour in the course of the spreading in order to adapt the thus produced seam to component requirements. A simple, flexible and cost-effective spreading of viscous material is hereby enabled.
- The viscous material can be constituted, in particular, by a sealing material, in particular an aircraft sealant or a silicone-like sealing material. The component can be an assembly of parts and the viscous material can be spread along a joint of the parts of the assembly.
- The spreading of the viscous material can be effected by a movement of the component and/or by a movement of the spreading unit. With a view to a flexible and an at least partially automated production, it has proved advantageous if the spreading unit is configured as an end effector for a manipulator, such as, for instance, a portal machine and/or an industrial robot.
- For the application of the viscous material on the component, according to one refinement of the disclosure it is proposed that the spreading unit has a nozzle. In various embodiments, the nozzle and the shaper have a fixed distance apart. In this way, in the drawing of seams with the viscous material, a uniform drying and/or hardening of the viscous material from the time of discharge from the nozzle to the point of forming by the shaping contour can be obtained, for instance. The seam quality is hereby able to be easily raised.
- According to a further embodiment, the spreading unit has a sensor for detecting that region of the component which is to be coated. With the aid of the sensor, a joint which is intended to be coated with the viscous material can be detected, for instance. In addition, a volume flow and/or mass flow, which is required, for instance, to fill the joint, is determinable.
- In various embodiments, the shaper has rods, which are adjustable by actuator-based means, in particular are linearly adjustable, for the adjustment of the shaping contour. In this way, various shaping contours are very easily able to be set in a very flexible manner.
- In some embodiments, it is provided that the shaper has a casing, which provides the shaping contour. In this way, a continuous shaping contour is able to be easily realized.
- In addition, the above-stated object is achieved by a system having features described herein. To this system is attached independent inventive importance. The same advantages are obtained as previously described in connection with the spreading unit.
- According to a further teaching of the disclosure, the above-stated object is achieved according to a method having features described herein.
- The same advantages are obtained as previously described in connection with the spreading unit and the system for spreading viscous material. In some embodiments, the viscous material is coated in an automated manner.
- Some embodiments provide a spreading unit, having a shaper, for spreading viscous material, in particular sealing material, on a component, the shaper having a shaping contour for the forming of the viscous material in the course of the spreading, wherein the shaping contour of the shaper for the forming of the viscous material is adjustable by actuator-based means.
- In some embodiments, the spreading unit has a nozzle for applying the viscous material, in particular the sealing material, on the component.
- In some embodiments, the spreading unit has a sensor, in particular a line laser, for detecting that region of the component which is to be coated.
- In some embodiments, the shaper has rods, which are adjustable by actuator-based means, in particular are linearly adjustable, for the adjustment of the shaping contour.
- In some embodiments, the rods are adjustable by actuator-based means in one motional direction and in the direction opposite to the motional direction, and/or wherein the rods are adjustable by actuator-based means in one motional direction and are pretensioned in the direction opposite to the motional direction.
- In some embodiments, the shaper has a casing, which provides the shaping contour, wherein the casing consists of elastomer material and/or comprises elastomer material.
- In some embodiments, the spreading unit has a contour shaft having a servo drive for the adjustment of the rods.
- In some embodiments, for the adjustment of the shaping contour, a plurality of rods, in particular each rod, are/is individually driven.
- In some embodiments, the rods are adjustable via piezo actuators.
- Some embodiments provide a system for spreading viscous material on a component, the system having a component receptacle for receiving a component, wherein the system has a spreading unit as described herein.
- In some embodiments, the system has a manipulator having the spreading unit as the end effector.
- Some embodiments provide a method for spreading a viscous material on a component by means of a spreading unit having a shaper having a shaping contour, the spreading unit such as being configured as described herein, wherein the shaping contour of the shaper for changing the shape of the viscous material is adjusted by actuator-based means.
- In some embodiments, a sensor, in particular a line laser, detects a region to be coated of the component, and the sensor data are analyzed by a control system, wherein, by means of the control system, the shaping contour of the shaper is controlled and/or regulated in dependence on the sensor data.
- In some embodiments, the control system controls and/or regulates, in dependence on the sensor data, the relative movement between the component and the spreading unit.
- In some embodiments, the control system regulates and/or controls, in dependence on the sensor data, the volume flow and/or mass flow of viscous material through a nozzle onto the region to be coated.
- In some embodiments, that region of the component which is to be coated has a joint, in particular a gap and/or an edge, and wherein the shaping contour is adapted to the joint, in particular the gap and/or the edge.
- In some embodiments, with the spreading of the viscous material, a seam is produced, wherein the cross section at the start and/or end of the seam is diminished by an alteration of the shaping contour.
- In some embodiments, in the course of the spreading, cross-sectional changes of the seam are continuously performed by alteration of the shaping contour.
- Below, various embodiments are explained in greater detail with reference to a drawing representing just one illustrative embodiment. In the drawing,
-
FIG. 1 shows in schematic representation a spreading unit for spreading viscous material, -
FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the shaper in two views, -
FIG. 3 shows the embodiment fromFIG. 2 with differently adjusted shaping contour, -
FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the shaper in two views, -
FIG. 5 shows various shaping contours for the filling of a joint, -
FIG. 6 shows various possible further shaping contours for producing different shapes of the viscous material. -
FIG. 1 shows a spreadingunit 1, having ashaper 2, for spreadingviscous material 3 on acomponent 4. - The
shaper 2 has, as shown inFIG. 2 , a shapingcontour 5 for the forming of theviscous material 3 in the course of the spreading. Theviscous material 3 can be constituted by a sealing material, in particular an aircraft sealant or a silicone-like sealing material. Thecomponent 4 can in particular be an assembly, such as an aircraft structural component and/or a motor vehicle part, in particular a body structural component. - The disclosure has recognized that, if the shaping
contour 5 of theshaper 2 for the forming of theviscous material 3 is adjustable by actuator-based means, the spreadingunit 1 is usable in a very versatile manner. With it, various shapes of theviscous material 3 can be produced. In various embodiments, it is possible to change the shaping of theviscous material 3 during the spreading. - In various embodiments, with the spreading of the viscous material 3 a
seam 6 is produced. With theviscous material 3, a joint 7 in acomponent 4, for instance, can be filled and/or sealed. The joint 7 can be, for instance, a gap or an edge. - In various embodiments, with the spreading
unit 1, the shapingcontour 5 of theshaper 2 for the forming of theviscous material 3 can be adjusted also during the spreading, it is possible to continuously perform cross-sectional changes of theseam 6 by an alteration of the shapingcontour 5. This can be fluidically advantageous if thecomponent 4 is constituted by an aircraft structural component and/or a motor vehicle part. Due to the shape of the seam, the air resistance can then be reduced during flying and/or driving. - As can be seen in
FIG. 1 , the spreadingunit 1 can have, for the application of theviscous material 3 on the component, anozzle 8. Thenozzle 8 can be arranged before theshaper 2 in the relative motional direction of the spreadingunit 1 to thecomponent 4. - In various embodiments, the
nozzle 8 is arranged at a predefined fixed distance from theshaper 2. A robust spreading process can hereby be ensured, since theviscous material 3 can presolidify and/or partially harden in a predefined manner on the path section from thenozzle 8 to theshaper 2. In the case of a compressibleviscous material 3, theviscous material 3 can hereby extend and/or expand prior to the shaping. The distance between thenozzle 8 and theshaper 2 can be maximally 5 cm, further can be maximally 3 cm or maximally 1 cm. - Furthermore, the spreading
unit 1 can have asensor 9 for detecting the region to be coated, such as a joint 7, of thecomponent 4. Thesensor 9 can be arranged before thenozzle 8 and/or theshaper 2 in the relative motional direction. In the course of the spreading, it can run ahead of thenozzle 8 and/or theshaper 2. In various embodiments, thesensor 9 is configured as an optical sensor, in particular a line laser. With a line laser, a reliable detection is enabled. - In various embodiments, the
sensor 9 detects a region to be coated of thecomponent 4, and acontrol system 10 analyzes the sensor data. In various embodiments, by means of thecontrol system 10, the shapingcontour 5 of theshaper 2 is controlled and/or regulated in dependence on the sensor data. Additionally or alternatively, thecontrol system 10 can control and/or regulate, in dependence on the sensor data, the relative movement between thecomponent 4 and the spreadingunit 1. By a combination of controlling the relative movement and the shaping contour, the seam quality can be raised. For instance, motional deviations of a manipulator carrying the spreading unit can in this way be compensated by an adjustment of the shaping contour. - In various embodiments, that region of the
component 4 which is to be coated has a joint 7, in particular a gap and/or an edge, and the shapingcontour 5 is adapted to the joint 7, in particular the gap and/or the edge. This can be seen, for instance, inFIG. 5 . - A
seam 6 can be created in such a way that the cross section at the start 6 a and/orend 6 b of theseam 6 is diminished by an alteration of the shapingcontour 5. This applies, in particular, also to the start and/or the end of aseam 6, if it, in the region of the start and/or end, overlaps with a seam. - Additionally or alternatively, in the course of the spreading, cross-sectional changes of the
seam 6 can be continuously performed by an alteration of the shapingcontour 5. A better seam pattern is hereby obtained. - Additionally or alternatively, the
control system 10 can control and/or regulate, in dependence on the sensor data, the relative movement between thecomponent 4 and the spreadingunit 1. The relative movement, which is necessary for the spreading, betweencomponent 4 andshaper 2 can here be generated in different ways. For instance, the spreadingunit 1 can be configured as an end effector and be moved relative to thecomponent 4. Additionally or alternatively, thecomponent 4 can be moved relative to theshaper 2. For instance, thecomponent 4 can be received in acomponent receptacle 11 and thecomponent receptacle 11 can be moved relative to theshaper 2. As a result, systems according to the proposal are respectively formed. - According to a further embodiment, it can be provided that the
control system 10 regulates and/or controls, in dependence on the sensor data, the volume flow and/or mass flow of viscous material through anozzle 8 onto the region to be coated. - If the joint 7 widens, for instance, then the volume flow or mass flow can be increased and/or the shaping
contour 5 adjusted and the joint 7 filled, without the speed of the relative movement having to be adapted. - Additionally or alternatively, the volume flow or mass flow of viscous material can be regulated and/or controlled in dependence on the shape of the shaping
contour 5 and/or in dependence on the feed rate. - In various embodiments, the shaping
contour 5 can be adjusted in such a way that theseam 6, in the course of the spreading, is convexly and/or concavely configured. In various embodiments, the shapingcontour 5 can be adjusted in line with thecomponent 4 in such a way that the shapingcontour 5 forms an opening, in the shape of theseam 6 to be formed, with thecomponent 4, and bears on both sides, in particular at the ends of the shapingcontour 5, against thecomponent 4. - As is shown in
FIGS. 2 to 6 , theshaper 2 here has for the adjustment of the shapingcontour 5rods 12 which are adjustable by actuator-based means, in particular linearlyadjustable rods 12. Via the adjustment ofrods 12, various shapingcontours 5 are able to be provided in a quite simple manner. In various embodiments, therods 12 are adjustable, in particular continuously, between a retracted and an extended setting. - Here, the
rods 12 are adjustable by actuator-based means in one motional direction and in the direction opposite to the motional direction, and/or are adjustable in one motional direction and pretensioned in a direction opposite to the motional direction. In this way, a linear adjustment is able to be provided in a particularly simple manner. - The
shaper 2 can have acasing 13, which provides the shapingcontour 5. Here, thecasing 13 is drawn over a plurality ofrods 12, in particular allrods 12. Thecasing 13 can consist of an elastomer material, in particular rubber, and/or comprises an elastomer material, in particular rubber. That region of thecasing 13 which forms the shapingcontour 5 can be of reinforced, in particular thicker configuration. In various embodiments, the casing is arranged, moreover, detachably on theshaper 2. As a result, it can be easily exchanged, for instance if a different viscous material is intended to be used. - Here, the pretension in the direction opposite to the motional direction can be provided by the
casing 13. - According to one illustrative embodiment, as is shown schematically in
FIG. 2 , the spreadingunit 1 has acontour shaft 14 having aservo drive 15 for the adjustment of therods 12. Thecontour shaft 14 has anadjustable portion 16. The adjustable portion, in particular thecontour shaft 14, can be of one-piece configuration or can be multipart. In various embodiments, the adjustable portion is formed by individual disks. As a result, various adjustable portions can be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner by exchange of the disks. - The
adjustable portion 16 can be in continuous engagement with therods 12. In various embodiments, the radius of theadjustable portion 16 varies over the circumference and/or over its width. The change in radius over the circumference and/or the width can be of continuous configuration. Additionally or alternatively, the adjustable portion, in particular over its width, can be of stepped configuration. In this context, a step can have substantially at least the width of arod 12. In various embodiments, a step is formed by a disk. - The change of shaping
contour 5 during the spreading shall be explained in greater detail below, the spreadingunit 1 of the illustrative embodiment ofFIG. 2 , with reference toFIG. 3 . - In
FIG. 3 , in the upper image, a top view of acomponent 4 is shown. As can be seen from sections A, B and C, thecomponent 4 has twoparts viscous material 3 is intended to be applied into the joint 7 as theseam 6. Also theseam 6 can be clearly seen from the image inFIG. 3 , as well as the setting of theshaper 2 in three positions in the course of the spreading of theviscous material 3. - In section A can be seen a place in which no
viscous material 3 is intended to be applied. Here theshaper 2 is located somewhat above thecomponent 4. - The
component 4 is struck by theshaper 2 and/or the shapingcontour 5 is adapted to theseam 6 to be formed. - The shaping
contour 5 is in the illustrative embodiment ofFIG. 2 and can be formed by a rotation of thecontour shaft 14. In the course of the spreading, the shape of theseam 6 is adapted by a rotation of thecontour shaft 14. Theseam 6 can be built up continuously. Section B shows the shape of the shapingcontour 5 during the continuous build-up of theseam 6. If theseam 6 is structured in its shape, theseam 6, as is evident in Section C, is carried on continuously. In this region, the shapingcontour 5 can be not adapted. If the joint 7 changes, however, the shapingcontour 5 can be adapted. - An alternative illustrative embodiment of the
shaper 2 is shown inFIG. 4 . Here, the adjustment of the shapingcontour 5 is not effected via acontour shaft 14 having aservo drive 15. Here, the adjustment of the shapingcontour 5 is effected by a plurality of individually drivenrods 12. Further, eachrod 12 can be driven individually. - Here, the
rods 12 are driven or adjusted viapiezo actuators 17. The adjustment viapiezo actuators 17 has the advantage that a realization of an individual drive of arod 12 is possible in a particularly simple and space-saving manner. - The
piezo actuators 17 can drive therods 12 directly. In the illustrative embodiment ofFIG. 4 , the piezo actuators are not arranged directly on therods 12. Here, thepiezo actuators 17 drive therods 12 via alever mechanism 18. - Here, the output of the
piezo actuator 17 is connected by a hinged joint 19 to alever 20 of thelever mechanism 18. Thepiezo actuator 17 thus acts via thelever 20 on therod 12. Also therod 12 can be connected by a hinged joint 21 to thelever 20. The hinged joints 19, 21 with which thepiezo actuators 17 and therods 12 are connected to thelever 20 are here arranged at the ends of thelever 20. For the provision of a transmission, thelever 20 is here pivotally mounted in abearing 22. In various embodiments, by virtue of the latter, a slight movement of thepiezo actuator 17 is converted into a greater movement of therod 12. Here, in the course of the adjustment process, thepiezo actuator 17 moves on a line parallelly offset from therod 12. Other arrangements are also conceivable, however. - In principle, with the
piezo actuators 17, shapingcontours 5 can be produced in much the same way as in the illustrative embodiment comprising thecontour shaft 14 and theservo drive 15. To this extent, reference can be made in this regard to the previous comments on this subject. It should be noted, however, that ashaper 2 withpiezo actuators 17 can provideshaping contours 5 in a significantly more flexible manner than is possible with acontour shaft 14 and theservo drive 15. - According to a further illustrative embodiment (not shown in the figures), the adjustment of the shaping
contour 5 can be effected using compressed air. A plurality ofrods 12 can here be individually driven or adjusted with compressed air. For example, eachrod 12 can be driven or adjusted using compressed air. - Before now examining various possible contours into which the shaping
contour 5 can be adjusted, a joint 7 of varying width shall be described. - This joint is shown in
FIG. 5 . As can be seen from the upper diagram, the joint 7 widens into two steps. By virtue of theadjustable shaping contour 5 of theshaper 2, the shapingcontour 5 can be adapted to the greater width of the joint 7, as is visible in the comparison of the two sections A and B. The adaptation can, in particular, also be made continuously in order to provide a consistently good seam quality. Here, asensor 9 detects the joint 7, in particular a gap and/or an edge, to which theviscous material 3 to be spread is intended to be applied and adapts the shapingcontour 5 to the joint 7, in particular the gap and/or the edge. - In
FIG. 6 , various shapingcontours 5 for various applications are shown. - In
FIG. 6a , a lap joint, for instance, is coated with theviscous material 3 by aconcave shaping contour 5. - In
FIG. 6b , aconcave shaping contour 5 is used to coat a local reinforcement. Here too, the shaping contour is of continuous configuration. -
FIG. 6c , in turn, shows the application involving a sealing of a screw joint and/or rivet joint. Here, the shapingcontour 5 is of discontinuous configuration. In this illustrative embodiment, theshaper 2 has no casing. Depending on the flexibility of thecasing 13, discontinuous shape transitions are possible with acasing 13. In order to enable sealing of a screw joint, the spreadingunit 1 is here rotationally movable, in particular about a rotation axis parallel to therods 12. Alternatively, screw joints and/or rivet joints can also be sealed by a linear movement. In various embodiments, the sealing is here effected by an, in particular central, coating of the spreadingunit 1 over the screw joint or the rivet, such as with an, in particular continuous, adaptation of the shaping contour to the rivet joint or screw joint. - In
FIGS. 6d and 6e , in the region of the viscous material application, two substantially concave shaping contours for spreading theviscous material 3 in the region of a corner joint are shown. They produce a convex seam. They differ substantially in that the attachments in the side regions of the shaper are different in size and correspondingly differently thick seams are produced. - In
FIG. 6f , in the region of the viscous material coating, a substantially convex shaping contour for spreading theviscous material 3 in the region of a corner joint is shown. InFIG. 6f , a concave seam is produced. - All features described in connection with the spreading unit can also be applied procedurally in the method according to the proposal. Also the features described according to the method can be provided in respect of the spreading unit. The same applies to the system according to the proposal. To this extent, reference is made reciprocally to the comments concerning the spreading unit, the comments concerning the system, and the comments concerning the method.
Claims (20)
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PCT/EP2016/080358 WO2017097949A1 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | Spreading unit |
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Cited By (2)
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EP4082673A1 (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-11-02 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Slurry coating leveling |
EP3838453B1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-08-23 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Variable height recoater blade |
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DE3908386A1 (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-27 | Jagenberg Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COATING MATERIAL SHEETS, ESPECIALLY PAPER OR CARDBOARD SHEETS |
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-
2015
- 2015-12-09 DE DE102015121449.0A patent/DE102015121449A1/en active Pending
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2016
- 2016-12-09 EP EP16809373.0A patent/EP3386643B1/en active Active
- 2016-12-09 WO PCT/EP2016/080358 patent/WO2017097949A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-12-09 CN CN201680072199.6A patent/CN108883431B/en active Active
- 2016-12-09 BR BR112018011591-6A patent/BR112018011591B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-12-09 US US16/060,599 patent/US20180369855A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-12-09 RU RU2018118010A patent/RU2720779C2/en active
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2022
- 2022-10-14 US US17/966,254 patent/US20230182165A1/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3838453B1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-08-23 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Variable height recoater blade |
EP4082673A1 (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-11-02 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Slurry coating leveling |
US11992859B2 (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2024-05-28 | Rtx Corporation | Slurry coating leveling |
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WO2017097949A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
EP3386643B1 (en) | 2022-05-04 |
BR112018011591B1 (en) | 2021-08-03 |
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RU2018118010A (en) | 2020-01-09 |
CN108883431B (en) | 2021-09-24 |
RU2720779C2 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
RU2018118010A3 (en) | 2020-02-21 |
US20230182165A1 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
BR112018011591A2 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
DE102015121449A1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
CN108883431A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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