US20180327801A1

US20180327801A1 - METHOD FOR PREPARING RECOMBINANT PROTEINS THROUGH REDUCTION OF rnpA GENE EXPRESSION

Info

Publication number: US20180327801A1
Application number: US16/027,478
Authority: US
Inventors: Sang Yup Lee; Hannah Chung
Original assignee: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST
Current assignee: Medicosbiotech Inc
Priority date: 2014-12-09
Filing date: 2018-07-05
Publication date: 2018-11-15
Also published as: US20170342454A1; KR101765255B1; KR20160070028A; CN107208106A; US10351890B2

Abstract

A method is described for improving the production of a difficult-to-express recombinant protein in a recombinant microorganism, and more particularly a method for improving the production of a difficult-to-express recombinant protein by use of a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding a target protein and an sRNA against a gene encoding ribonuclease P are introduced. By the disclosed method, expressions of a large recombinant protein, a difficult-to-express protein and a useful protein can be dramatically increased by reducing expression of the rnpA gene.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/533,273 filed Jun. 5, 2017, which in turn is a U.S. national phase under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Patent Application No. PCT/KR2015/013419 filed Dec. 9, 2015, which in turn claims priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0175780 filed Dec. 9, 2014 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0174828 filed Dec. 9, 2015. The disclosures of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/533,273, International Patent Application No. PCT/KR2015/013419, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0175780, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0174828 are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their respective entireties, for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a method for improving the production of a recombinant protein in a recombinant microorganism, and more particularly to a method for improving the production of a recombinant protein by use of a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding a target protein and an sRNA against a gene encoding ribonuclease P are introduced.

BACKGROUND ART

The development of genetic manipulation technology has led to many studies focused on producing large amounts of useful proteins using bacterial and a variety of animals and plants. Host cells for producing large amounts of useful proteins are present, including bacteria such as E. coli, and yeasts such as P. pastoris. Of these host cells, E. coli has been most widely used, and studies thereon have been most frequently conducted (Choi et al., Chem. Eng. Sci., 66: 876, 2006; Lee, Trends Biotechnol., 14:98, 1996).
However, if the useful protein to be produced is larger in size than a naturally occurring protein or is difficult to express, many problems may arise. If the size of a protein is large, translation of the protein may be difficult due to lack of messanger RNA (mRNA), and thus expression of the desired full-length protein may be difficult. In addition, a recombinant protein that is not naturally present in E. coli may be difficult to express, due to proteolysis and RNase-induced degradation of mRNA (GoBringer et al., J Bacteriol., 188: 6816, 2006; Olson et al., PLoS Pathog., 7(2): e1001287, 2011; Jung et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun., 186(3):1463, 1992; Altman et al., Phil Trans R Soc., 366, 2011; Turrini et al., PLos One., 7(3): e32456, 2012).
Accordingly, the present inventors have made extensive efforts to develop a protein expression system for increasing the production of a difficult-to-express foreign protein, and as a result, have found that, when expression of the rnpA gene (which is a component of ribonuclease P) in a process of expressing the foreign protein by introducing a gene encoding the foreign protein is reduced, expression of the difficult-to-express foreign protein increases, thereby completing the present invention.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

Technical Problem

It is a main object of the present invention to provide a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding a target protein and an sRNA against a gene encoding Ribonuclease P are introduced to increase the production of a difficult-to-express foreign protein.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a target protein by culturing the above-described recombinant microorganism.

Technical Solution

To achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a recombinant vector for expressing a target protein, which comprises a gene encoding the target protein and an sRNA against a gene encoding ribonuclease P, and a recombinant microorganism into which the recombinant vector is introduced.
The present invention also provides a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding a target protein and an sRNA against a gene encoding ribonuclease P are introduced.
The present invention also provides a method for producing a target protein, the method comprising the steps of: (a) producing the target protein by culturing the above-described recombinant microorganism and inducing expression of the target protein in the recombinant microorganism; and (b) recovering the produced target protein.
The present invention also provides a method for producing a target protein, comprising the steps of: expressing and producing the target protein by culturing a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding the target protein is introduced; and recovering the produced target protein, wherein expression of ribonuclease P is reduced to increase expression of the target protein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.

FIG. 1 is a gene map of the plasmid pTetly2glyAN-rnpA(sRNA).

FIG. 2 shows the results of analyzing expression levels of a silk protein consisting of 16 repeats and a silk protein consisting of 32 repeats by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lanes 2 and 3: the results of inducing protein expression in a stain transformed with the plasmid pSH16 at an OD600 of 0.4; lanes 4 and 5: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with the plasmid pSH16 and pACYC184-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD600 of 0.4; lanes 6 and 7: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with the plasmid pSH32 at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4; and lanes 8 and 9: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with the plasmid pSH32 and pACYC184-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD600 of 0.4.)

FIG. 3 shows the results of analyzing expression levels of a silk protein consisting of 64 repeats by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lane 2: the result of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with pSH64 at an OD600 of 0.4; and lane 3: the result of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with the plasmid pSH64 and pACYC184-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD600 of 0.4.)

FIG. 4A shows the results of analyzing expression levels of a silk protein consisting of 96 repeats by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lane 2: the result of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with pSH96 at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4; and lane 3: the result of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with the plasmid pSH96 and pACYC184-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4.)

FIG. 4B shows the results obtained by inducing protein expression in strains transformed with the plasmid pSH96 and the plasmid pSH96 plus pTetgly2glyAN-rnpA(sRNA), respectively, at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4, analyzing protein expression levels by SDS-PAGE, quantifying the protein expression levels using a densitometer, and then averaging the protein expression levels.

FIG. 5 shows the result of analyzing expression levels of a silk protein consisting of 128 repeats by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lane 2: the result of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with pSH128 at an OD600 of 0.4; and lane 3: the result of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with pSH128 and pACYC184-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4.)

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of examining whether the level of intracellular mRNA is increased by reducing expression of the rnpA gene.

FIG. 7A is a graph showing the amount of a silk protein consisting of 96 repeats, produced by fed-batch culture, and FIG. 7B shows the results of electrophoresis of the protein.

FIG. 8 shows the results of electrophoresis performed using a system for reducing expression of the rnpA gene according to the present invention in order to confirm increased expressions of difficult-to-express proteins other than the silk protein. Specifically, electrophoresis image (a) shows the results of analyzing the expression level of malic enzyme (SfcA) by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lane 2: the result of inducing protein expression in non-transformed BL21(DE3); lanes 3 and 4: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with SfcA at an OD600 of 0.4; and lanes 5 and 6: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with SfcA and rnpA(sRNA) at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4). Electrophoresis image (b) shows the results of analyzing the expression level of Cat2 by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lanes 2 and 3: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with Cat2 at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4; and lanes 4 and 5: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with Cat2-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4). Electrophoresis image (c) shows the results of analyzing the expression level of SrtA by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lanes 2 and 3: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with SrtA at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4; and lanes 4 and 5: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with srtA-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD600 of 0.4). Electrophoresis image (d) shows the results of analyzing the expression level of CYP73A5 by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lanes 2 and 3: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with CYP73A5at an OD600 of 0.4; and lanes 4 and 5: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with CYP73A5-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD600 of 0.4). Electrophoresis image (e) shows the results of analyzing the expression level of CYP98A3 by SDS-PAGE. (lane 1: a marker showing protein standard molecular weight; lanes 2 and 3: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with CYP98A3 at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4; and lanes 4 and 5: the results of inducing protein expression in a strain transformed with CYP98A3-rnpA(sRNA) at an OD₆₀₀of 0.4).

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present inventors have developed a method for improving expression of a difficult-to-express recombinant protein, which was not easily produced in the prior art, in a recombinant microorganism by reducing expression of ribonuclease P to increase the mRNA level of a useful protein in cells.
In the present invention, expression of the rnpA gene that is a component of ribonuclease P was reduced using a sRNA system comprising sRNA, and as a result, it was shown that expression of a high-molecular-weight silk protein that is a difficult-to-express protein was increased dramatically.
As used herein, the term “difficult-to-express protein” refers to a protein having a molecular weight of 50 kDa or more.
Therefore, in one aspect, the present invention is directed to a recombinant vector for expressing a target protein, which comprises a gene encoding the target protein and an sRNA against a gene encoding ribonuclease P, and to a recombinant microorganism transformed with the recombinant vector.
In the present invention, the target protein may be a protein selected from among difficult-to-express proteins silk proteins, antibodies, enzymes, cytochromes, and sortase A, but is not limited thereto.
In the present invention, the sRNA may be an sRNA against an rnpA gene, and may have a nucleotide sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 3, but is not limited thereto as long as it reduces the expression of an rnpA gene.
In the present invention, examples of microorganisms for production of proteins that can be used may include Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Saccharomyces, and the like, and may be preferably an Escherichia microorganism, most preferably E. coli. In particular, it is advantageous that E. coli can be easily industrialized since genetic information and culture conditions that are widely used industrially are very well known.
In an example of the present invention, a recombinant E. coli strain was constructed by transformation with a gene encoding a silk protein resulting from modification of a dragline silk protein obtained from Nephila clavipes, a nucleotide sequence encoding glycine tRNA, and an sRNA for reducing expression of the RnpA that is a component of ribonuclease P. The constructed recombinant E. coli strain was cultured. As a result, it could be seen that the protein of the silk protein increased 3-fold or more. In addition, it was shown that expression of a silk protein consisting of 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112 and 128 repeats of a specific amino acid sequence (SGRGGLGGTGAGMAAAAAMGGAGQGGYGGLGSQG) (SEQ ID NO: 19) was dramatically increased by reducing expression of the rnpA gene that is a component of ribonuclease P. Furthermore, it was shown that expressions of eGFP, SfcA and a full-length IgG antibody were also dramatically increased by reducing expression of the rnpA gene that is a component of ribonuclease P.
In view of the results indicating that the production of a long recombinant protein or a difficult-to-express protein is increased by reducing expression of the rnpA gene that is a component of ribonuclease P, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA) has a great influence on protein expression and that overexpression of a target protein can be effectively achieved by reducing expression of a gene associated with messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation.
In another example of the present invention, the expressions of a malic enzyme-encoding gene (sfcA), a sortase A-encoding gene (srtA), a 4-hydroxybutyrate coenzyme A transferase-encoding gene (Cat2) and the cytochrome P450 gene (CYP73A5; cinnamate 4-hydrosylase and CYP98A3) were examined using the system for reducing expression of the rnpA gene according to the present invention. As a result, it was shown that a strain expressing an sRNA against the rnpA gene together with the gene encoding each of the proteins showed a higher protein expression level compared to a strain expressing no sRNA (FIG. 8; see electrophoresis images (a) through (e)).
In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding a target protein and an sRNA against a gene encoding ribonuclease P are introduced.
In the present invention, the gene encoding the target protein and the sRNA against the gene encoding ribonuclease P may be present in the respective vectors or may be incorporated into the microbial chromosome.
In still another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for producing a difficult-to-express target protein, the method comprising the steps of: (a) producing the target protein by culturing the recombinant microorganism and inducing expression of the target protein in the recombinant microorganism; and (b) recovering the produced target protein.
In an example of the present invention, a recombinant E. coli strain was constructed by transformation with a gene encoding a silk protein, a nucleotide sequence encoding glycine tRNA, and an sRNA for reducing expression of the rnpA gene that is a component of ribonuclease P. The constructed recombinant E. coli strain was cultured. As a result, it could be seen that the protein of the silk protein increased 3-fold or more.
In another example of the present invention, it was shown that, when a gene encoding eGFP protein, a gene encoding sfcA protein and a gene encoding a full-length IgG antibody protein were co-expressed with an sRNA against the rnpA gene, expressions of the proteins increased.
In the present invention, preferably, the target protein may be a large protein having a molecular weight of 50 kDa or more as a difficult-to-express protein. For example, the target protein may be a protein selected from a group consisting of silk proteins, antibodies, enzymes, cytochromes, and sortase A, but is not limited thereto.
In still another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for producing a target protein, comprising the steps of: expressing and producing the target protein by culturing a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding the target protein is introduced; and recovering the produced target protein, wherein expression of ribonuclease P in the recombinant microorganism is reduced to increase expression of the target protein.
In the present invention, the target protein may be a difficult-to-express protein or a protein having a molecular weight of 50 kDa or more, and a substance of inhibiting the expression of ribonuclease P may be added.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Generally, the nomenclature used herein and the experiment methods, which will be described below, are those well known and commonly employed in the art.
The definition of main terms used in the detailed description of the invention is as follows.
As used herein, the term “sRNA (small RNA)” refers to a short-length RNA, which is usually 200 or less nucleotides in length, which is not translated into protein and effectively inhibits the translation of a specific mRNA by complementary binding.
As used herein, the term “ribosome binding site” refers to a site where ribosome binds to mRNA for the transcription of the mRNA.
As used herein, the term “gene” is intended to have the broadest meaning, and the gene can encode a structural protein or a regulatory protein. Herein, the regulatory protein includes a transcriptional factor, a heat shock protein, or a protein that is involved in DNA/RNA replication, transcription and/or translation. Also, the target gene whose expression is to be inhibited may be present as an extrachromosomal element.
As used herein, the term “vector” means a DNA construct containing a DNA sequence operably linked to a suitable control sequence capable of effecting the expression of the DNA in a suitable host. The vector may be a plasmid, a phage particle, or simply a potential genomic insert. Once incorporated into a suitable host, the vector may replicate and function independently of the host genome, or may in some instances, integrate into the genome itself. In the present specification, “plasmid” and “vector” are sometimes used interchangeably, as the plasmid is the most commonly used form of vector. For the purpose of the present invention, the plasmid vector is preferably used. A typical plasmid vector which can be used for this purpose contains: (a) a replication origin by which replication occurs efficiently such that several hundred plasmid vectors per host cell are created; (b) an antibiotic-resistant gene by which host cells transformed with the plasmid vector can be selected; and (c) restriction enzyme cutting sites into which foreign DNA fragments can be inserted. Even if suitable restriction enzyme cutting sites are not present in the vector, the use of a conventional synthetic oligonucleotide adaptor or linker enables the easy ligation between the vector and the foreign DNA fragments. After ligation, the vector should be transformed into suitable host cells. The transformation can be easily achieved by the calcium chloride method or electroporation (Neumann, et al., EMBO J., 1:841, 1982). A publicly known expression vector in the art may be used as a vector for expressing sRNA according to the present invention.
A nucleic acid sequence is operably linked when it is placed into arranged in a functional relationship with another nucleic acid sequence. The nucleotide sequence may be a gene and a control sequence(s) linked to be capable of expressing the gene when a suitable molecule binds to a control sequence(s) (e.g., transcription-activating protein). For example, DNA for a pre-sequence or a secretory leader is operably linked to a DNA encoding a polypeptide when expressed as a pre-protein participating in secretion of the polypeptide; a promoter or an enhancer is operably linked to a coding sequence when affecting the transcription of the sequence; or a ribosome binding site is operably linked to a coding sequence when affecting the transcription of the sequence, or to a coding sequence when arranged to facilitate translation. Generally, the term “operably linked” means that the DNA linked sequences are contiguous, and in the case of the secretory leader, are contiguous and present in a reading frame. However, an enhancer is not necessarily contiguous. The linkage between these sequences is performed by ligation at a convenient restriction enzyme site. However, when this site does not exist, a synthetic oligonucleotide adaptor or a linker is used according to a conventional method.
In addition, the present invention is directed to a recombinant microorganism into which an expression vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding the sRNA is introduced. As used herein, the term “transformation” means that DNA can be replicated as a factor outside of chromosome or by means of completion of the entire chromosome by introducing DNA as a host.
Of course, it should be understood that all vectors and expression control sequences do not equally function to express DNA sequences according to the present invention. Similarly, all hosts do not equally function with respect to the same expression system. However, one skilled in the art may appropriately select from a group consisting of various vectors, expression control sequences, and hosts without either departing from the scope of the present invention or bearing excessive experimental burden. For example, a vector must be selected considering a host, because the vector must be replicated in the host. Specifically, the copy number of the vector, the ability of regulating the copy number and the expression of other protein encoded by the corresponding vector (e.g., the expression of an antibiotic marker) should also be considered.

EXAMPLES

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It will be obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1: Construction of Recombinant Plasmid pTetgly2glyAN-rnpA(sRNA)

All procedures for gene manipulation followed standardized methods (Sambrook et al., Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd Ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1989).
To introduce an sRNA system into a pTetlgy2glyAN vector (Korean Patent No. 1147860), genetic manipulation was performed, and to obtain a ribosome binding site that is involved in translation of the rnpA gene, inverse-PCR was performed using primers of SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 5, thereby obtaining an rnpA sRNA (SEQ ID NO: 1).

SEQ ID NO: 4:

5′-cctgggaaatgcgagcttaaccactttctgttgggccattgcattg-

3′

SEQ ID NO: 5:

5′-GCAACCATTATCACCGCCA-3

The PCR reaction was performed using Pfu polymerase (SolGent, Korea) under the following conditions: pre-denaturation at 95° C. for 5 min, and then 28 cycles, each consisting of denaturation at 95° C. for 30 sec, annealing at 57° C. for 180 sec, and extension at 72° C. for 60 sec, followed by final extension at 72° C. for 5 min.
The PCR product was electrophoresed on agarose gel to obtain a purified 5000-bp PCR product. The purified PCR product was incubated with the restriction enzyme DpnI (New England Biolabs, USA) for 1 hour, and then ligated with a pTetlgy2glyAN by T4 DNA ligase(Roche, Germany), and the resulting vector was transformed into E. coli dH5α (FhuA2 lac(del)U169 phoA glnV44 Φ80′ lacZ(del)M15 gyrA96 recAl relAl endAl thi-1 hsdR17, Invitrogen).
The transformed strain was selected on an LB agar solid medium (tryptone 10 g/L, yeast extract 5 g/L, NaCl 5 g/L, and agar 15 g/L) containing 34 mg/L of chloramphenicol, thereby obtaining the recombinant plasmid pTetgly2glyAN-rnpA(sRNA) (FIG. 1). The constructed recombinant plasmid was confirmed by cleaving with restriction enzymes and DNA sequencing.

Example 2: Construction of Recombinant Plasmids Containing the Gene Encoding High-Molecular-Weight Silk Protein

In order to construct a recombinant plasmid containing 32 repeats of a gene that encodes a silk protein resulting from modification of a Nephila clavipes derived dragline silk protein that is a difficult-to-express protein having a large size, the plasmid pSH16a (Lee et al., Theories and Applications of Chem. Eng., 8:3969, 2002) consisting of 16 repeats of the gene encoding the silk protein was digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI to obtain a 1.7-kb fragment. The fragment was ligated with the plasmid pSH16a digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI, thereby obtaining the recombinant plasmid pSH32. The direction of the ligated insert was determined by digestion with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI (New England Biolabs, USA).
Similarly, the plasmid pSH16a was digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI to obtain a 1.7-kb fragment which was then ligated with the plasmid pSH32 digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI, thereby constructing the recombinant plasmid pSH48. The recombinant plasmid pSH32 was digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI to obtain a 3.4-kb fragment which was then ligated with the plasmid pSH64 digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI, thereby constructing the recombinant plasmid pSH64. The plasmid pSH48 was digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI to obtain a 5.1-kb fragment which was then ligated with the plasmid pSH32 digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI, thereby constructing the recombinant plasmid pSH80. The plasmid pSH16 was digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI to obtain a 1.74-kb fragment which was then ligated with the plasmid pSH80 digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI, thereby constructing the recombinant plasmid pSH96. The plasmid pSH32 was digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI to obtain a 3.4-kb fragment which was then ligated with the plasmid pSH80 digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI, thereby constructing the recombinant plasmid pSH112. The plasmid pSH64 was digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI to obtain a 7.8-kb fragment which was then ligated with the plasmid pSH64 digested with the restriction enzyme SpeI, thereby constructing the recombinant plasmid pSH128. The direction of each ligated insert was determined by digestion with the restriction enzyme SpeI and NheI.

Example 3: Examination of the Increase in Silk Protein Expression Caused by the Reduction in Expression of rnpA Gene by sRNA System

In order to examine the effect of co-overexpressing the glycine tRNA gene and reducing the expression of the ribonuclease P (rnpA) gene by use of the sRNA system in silk protein production, E. coli BL21 (DE3) (F-ompT hsdSB(rB- mB-) gal dcm (DE3) a prophage carrying the T7 RNA polymerase gene) (New England Biolabs, USA) was transformed with the plasmid pTetgly2glyAN-rnpA(sRNA) obtained in Example 1 and each of the plasmid pSH16, pSH32, pSH48, pSH64, pSH80, pSH96 and pSH112 containing 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96 and 112 repeats of the silk protein-encoding gene, respectively.
As a control, E. coli BL21 (DE3), transformed with the plasmid pACYC184 and each of pSH16, pSH32, pSH64, pSH96 and pSH128, was used. Each of the transformed strains was seeded into 10 ml of an LB liquid medium (tryptone 10 g/L, yeast extract 5 g/L, and NaCl 5 g/L)(containing 34 mg/L of chloramphenicol, 25 mg/L of kanamycin and 1% arabinose) and shake-cultured at 25° C. and 220 rpm. Next, each of the strains was shake-cultured under the above-described medium conditions at 37° C. and 220 rpm. When the culture reached an OD₆₀₀of 0.4, 1 mM IPTG was added to the medium to induce expression of the silk protein gene. At 4 hours after induction of the expression, the culture was sampled and centrifuged at 4° C. and 10,000 g for 10 minutes, and the obtained cell pellets were dissolved in TE buffer and 5× Laemmli sample buffer. The same amount (0.024 mg) of the sample was separated using 10% SDS-PAGE gel, after which it was stained with Coomassie brilliant blue R250 (Bio-Rad, USA) solution and quantified using the GS-710 Calibrated Imaging Densitometer (Bio-Rad, USA) (see FIGS. 2, 3, 4A, and 4B).
Furthermore, expression of the strain transformed with the plasmid pSH96 and pTetgly2glyAN-rnpA(sRNA) was induced at an OD₆₀₀0.4, after which protein expression was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, quantified using a densitometer and averaged. The results are shown in FIG. 4B. In addition, the results of expression performed using the plasmid pSH128 are shown in FIG. 5.
As a result, it could be seen that, due to the reduction in expression of ribonuclease P (RnpA), expression of the silk protein consisting of 16 repeats was increased by about 150% compared to the control, and expression of the silk protein consisting of 32 repeats was increased by about 300% compared to the control. Furthermore, expression of the silk protein consisting of 48 repeats was increased by about 300%, and expression of the silk protein consisting of 64 repeats was increased by about 300%. In addition, expression of the silk protein consisting of 80 repeats was increased by about 300%, expression of the silk protein consisting of 112 repeats was increased by about 200%, and expression of the silk protein consisting of 128 repeats was increased by about 150%.

Example 4: Examination of the Increase in mRNA Level Caused by the Reduction in Expression of rnpA Gene by sRNA System

In this Example, in order to prevent the degradation of messenger RNA in the production of recombinant, difficult-to-express and useful proteins, expression of the rnpA gene that is a component of ribonuclease P was reduced by introduction of the sRNA system. In addition, whether the level of intracellular mRNA would be increased by the reduction in expression of the rnpA gene was examined.
Specifically, E. coli BL21 (DE3) (F-ompT hsdSB(rB- mB-) gal dcm (DE3) a prophage carrying the T7 RNA polymerase gene) (New England Biolabs, USA) was transformed with the plasmid pTetgly2glyAN-rnpA(sRNA) obtained in Example 1 and pSH32.
As a control, E. coli BL21 (DE3), transformed with the plasmid pACYC184 and pSH32, was used. Each of the transformed strains was seeded into 10 ml of an LB liquid medium (tryptone 10 g/L, yeast extract 5 g/L, and NaCl 5 g/L) (containing 34 mg/L of chloramphenicol, 25 mg/L of kanamycin and 1% arabinose) and shake-cultured at 25° C. and 220 rpm. Next, each of the strains was shake-cultured under the above-described medium conditions at 37° C. and 220 rpm. When the culture reached an OD₆₀₀of 0.4, 1 mM IPTG was added to the medium to induce expression of the silk protein gene. At 4 hours after induction of the expression, the culture was sampled and centrifuged at 4° C. and 10,000 g for 10 minutes to obtain cell pellets, and RNA was extracted from the cell pellets.
For RNA extraction, 1 ml of Trizol was added to the cell pellet, after which the cell pellet solution was stirred for 1 minute and allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes. Next, chloroform in an amount equal to 20% of the total volume was added to the cell pellet solution which was then stirred for 15 seconds and centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The produced supernatant was transferred into a fresh tube, and the same amount of isopropanol was added thereto and carefully stirred. Then, the mixture was centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 30 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded. Next, 1 ml of 70% ethanol was added to the remaining material which was then centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the above procedure was repeated again. Next, the resulting material was dried at room temperature and dissolved in 30 μl of RNase-free distilled water. In order to replace the extracted RNA with complementary DNA (cDNA), qPCR was performed using Rocketstrip (Bioneer, Korea). The extracted RNA was adjusted to 500 ng, and 2 μl of dN9 primer was added thereto. Then, the reaction mixture was adjusted to a total volume of 20 μl using RNase-free distilled water. The PCR reaction was performed under the following conditions: initial annealing at 30° C. for 150 seconds, cDNA synthesis at 60° C. for 1 hour, and then heat inactivation at 95° C. for 300 seconds.
To perform RT-PCR using the prepared cDNA, a reaction mixture having a total volume of 20 μl contained 8 μl of RNase-free distilled water, 10 μl of SYBR Green Mastermix (Enzynomics, Korea), 1 μl of a 1/10 dilution of the cDNA, and 0.5 μl of each primer. The RT-PCR reaction was performed under the following conditions: initial activation at 95° C. for 10 minutes, and then 45 cycles, each consisting of denaturation at 95° C. for 30 sec, annealing at 60° C. for 30 sec, and extension at 72° C. for 30 sec. To determine the melting curve, the temperature was increased from 55° C. to 95° C. by 0.5° C., and the reaction mixture was maintained at each temperature for 5 seconds.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, in the case of cells in which expression of ribonuclease P (RnpA) was reduced, the level of mRNA was 24-fold higher than that in the control. This suggests that the degradation of mRNA is prevented by reducing expression of ribonuclease P (RnpA).

Example 5: Examination of Increase in Spider Silk Protein Production by Fed-Batch Fermentation

The strain transformed with the plasmid pSH96 and pACYC184-rnpA(sRNA), constructed in Example 3, was cultured by fed-batch fermentation, and an increase in protein production in the strain was examined.
For fed-batch fermentation, a 6.6-L fermentor (Bioflo 3000; New Brunswick Scientific Co.) was used, and 1.6 L of R/2 medium, 10 g/L of glucose, 0.7 g/L of MgSO₄.7H₂O, and an antibiotic (50 μg/mL kanamycin and/or 35 μg/mL chloramphenicol) were added to the strain in the fermentor. To adjust the dissolved oxygen level to 40%, air saturation was adjusted while the agitation speed was increased to 1000 rpm. A feeding solution was composed of 700 g/L of glucose and 20 g/L MgSO₄.7H₂O, and the pH of the culture was adjusted using 28% (v/v) ammonia solution. When the OD600 reached about 70, 1 mM IPTG was added to the culture to induce protein expression. For 8 hours after induction of the expression, the culture was sampled at 2-hour intervals. Cell proliferation and the concentration of the protein obtained are shown in FIG. 7. As can be seen in FIG. 7, the protein could be obtained at a concentration of 0.9 g/L, which was 30% higher than the previously known concentration (0.7 g/L).

Example 6: Examination of the Increase in Expression of Other Proteins by Reduction in Expression of rnpA Gene

Using the system for reducing rnpA gene expression according to the present invention, expressions of the gene (sfcA, SEQ ID NO: 6) encoding malic enzyme, the gene (srtA, SEQ ID NO: 7) encoding sortase A, the gene (cat2, SEQ ID NO: 8) encoding 4-hydroxybutyrate coenzyme A transferase and the cytochrome P450 gene (CYP73A5; cinnamate 4-hydrosylase:SEQ ID NO: 9 and CYP98A3:SEQ ID NO: 10) were analyzed, in addition to expression of the gene encoding silk protein. The Sortase A gene was synthesized by Bioneer (Korea), and the sfcA, cat2, CYP73A5 and CYP98A3 genes were obtained by PCR using the following primers.

	sfcA_F:
	(SEQ ID NO: 11)
	5′-CCATGGATATTCAAAAAAGAGTGAGT-3′

	sfcA_R:
	(SEQ ID NO: 12)
	5′-TCTAGATTAGATGGAGGTACGGCGGTA-3′

	Cat2_F:
	(SEQ ID NO: 13)
	5′-GAATTCATGGAGTGGGAAGAGATATATA-3′

	Cat2_R:
	(SEQ ID NO: 14)
	5′-GGTACCCTAAAATCTCTTTTTAAATTCATT-3′

	CYP73A5_F:
	(SEQ ID NO: 15)
	5′-GCGAAGCTTACAGTTCCTTGGTTTCATAA-3′

	CYP73A5_R:
	(SEQ ID NO: 16)
	5′-GTACATATGATGGACCTCCTCTTGCTGG-3′

	CYP98A3_F:
	(SEQ ID NO: 17)
	5′-GGATCCATGTCGTGGTTTCTAATAGC-3′

	CYP98A3_R:
	(SEQ ID NO: 18)
	5′-GAATTCTTACATATCGTAAGGCACGC-3′

RnpA sRNA (SEQ ID NO: 1) and each of the sfcA, srtA and cat2 genes were inserted into pET30a (+)(Addgene, USA) and pTac15k (Addgene, USA) respectively to obtain recombinant vectors. Each of the vectors was transformed into an E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain. As a control, a strain transformed with a vector obtained by inserting each of the sfcA, srtA and cat2 genes into pET30a and pTac15k was used.
Each of the transformed strains was seeded into 10 ml of an LB liquid medium (tryptone 10 g/L, yeast extract 5 g/L, and NaCl 5 g/L) (containing 34 mg/L of chloramphenicol, 25 mg/L of kanamycin and 1% arabinose) and shake-cultured at 25° C. and 220 rpm. Next, each of the strains was shake-cultured under the above-described medium conditions at 37° C. and 220 rpm. When the culture reached an OD₆₀₀of 0.4, 1 mM IPTG was added to the medium to induce expression of each protein. At 4 hours after induction of the expression, the culture was sampled and centrifuged at 4° C. and 10,000 g for 10 minutes to obtain cell pellets. The cell pellets were dissolved in TE buffer and 5× Laemmli sample buffer. The same amount (0.024 mg) of the sample was separated on 10% SDS-PAGE gel and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue R250 (Bio-Rad, USA) solution.
As a result, as can be seen in FIG. 8 (see electrophoresis images (a) through (e) therein), the expression levels of malic enzyme, sortase A, 4-hydroxybutyrate coenzyme A transferase (Cat2) and cytochrome P450 (cinnamate 4-hydrosylase and CYP98A3), expressed together with the RnpA sRNA, were significantly higher than the expression levels of the proteins expressed in the absence of the RnpA sRNA.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific features, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this description is only for a preferred embodiment and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Thus, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

According to the present invention, expression of a target protein, particularly a difficult-to-express protein having a high molecular weight can be dramatically increased by reducing expression of the rnpA gene so that the present invention is useful for increasing the productivity of proteins.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A method for producing a target protein, comprising the steps of:

producing the target protein by culturing a recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding the target protein is introduced; and

recovering the produced target protein,

wherein a substance of reducing expression of ribonuclease P is added in the culture to increase expression of the target protein.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the target protein is a difficult-to-express protein or a protein having a molecular weight of 50 kDa or more.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the target protein is a silk protein, antibody, cytochrome, enzyme, or sortase A.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said substance is an sRNA.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said sRNA is an sRNA against an rnpA gene.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said sRNA has a nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 3.