US20180164379A1 - Method for determining a droop response profile of an electrical machine connected to an electrical grid - Google Patents

Method for determining a droop response profile of an electrical machine connected to an electrical grid Download PDF

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US20180164379A1
US20180164379A1 US15/633,930 US201715633930A US2018164379A1 US 20180164379 A1 US20180164379 A1 US 20180164379A1 US 201715633930 A US201715633930 A US 201715633930A US 2018164379 A1 US2018164379 A1 US 2018164379A1
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Prior art keywords
value
droop
speed
point
dead band
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Denis Michel MARTIN
Sabastien Philippe GROSSHANS
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GE Energy Products France SNC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/44—Control of frequency and voltage in predetermined relation, e.g. constant ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/02—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/06—Purpose of the control system to match engine to driven device
    • F05D2270/061—Purpose of the control system to match engine to driven device in particular the electrical frequency of driven generator

Definitions

  • the present application relates generally to rotating machines generating electricity in order to satisfy the electricity requirements of an electrical network and more particularly relates to the control of such rotating machines.
  • An electrical network must ensure a constant balance between electrical consumption and electrical generation.
  • increasing electrical consumption results in a drop in the frequency of the electrical network.
  • a drop in electrical consumption results in increasing the frequency of the electrical network.
  • the output of the power generating groups may be regulated to maintain the frequency of the electrical network at, for example, around 50 Hz or so.
  • the power output provided by each group of generators producing electricity may be defined by its droop. Specifically, droop may be defined as the ratio between power output variation and frequency variation.
  • the use of renewable energy also affects the stability of the electrical grid.
  • the power generating groups may be required to modify their response profile in droop to the frequency variations of the electrical network.
  • the droop response profile of such electrical production may be called an “asymmetrical droop response profile.”
  • the dead band range may be determined by either the electrical producer or by the implementing rules for the electrical network defined by a transport network administrator (GRT) or by a transmission system operator (TSO).
  • the administrator of a transport network also may define the parameters of an operating profile of the generator group such as the behavior at the exit of dead band, the droop for the group of electrical production, or a droop limiter.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,118,187 describes a procedure for implement a dynamic dead band in order to manage a dynamic frequency in an electrical network in terms of frequency and amplitude.
  • U.S. Patent Publication No. 2014/0260293 describes a control device for a gas turbine, including a system for droop response configured to detect one or several operating features in a turbine.
  • the control device may include a multi-variable correction method based on operational characteristics such as a derivation of the load dependent on the percentage of the speed, the percentage of the turbine frequency, and the derivation of the ambient temperature at the intake of the turbine compressor.
  • the correction method thus may generate a series of correction factors for the droop response that make it possible to produce a graph of the behavior of the turbine with a correction on the ambient temperature as a function of the input temperature of the turbine compressor.
  • the known methods for configuring the droop response of a turbine may not allow for the automatic integration of several functions such as the dead band, the droop of the electrical generating group, the output of the dead band, or limiting the droop response in order to determine a response profile of the turbine to variations in speed.
  • a value of 100% of speed may correspond to about 50 Hz or 60 Hz depending on the country.
  • an object of the present application is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a method of defining a static response profile of an electrical generation group capable of responding to the frequency variations of the electrical network.
  • the present application relates to a method of determining a response profile in droop or a speed profile of a rotating electrical machine supplying electricity to an electrical network.
  • a network frequency may vary on either side of a nominal frequency in which a measured value (Vm) of the speed of rotation of the rotating machine corresponding to the image of the frequency of the electrical network and the response parameters in dependence of the measured speed value are defined.
  • the static response profile may be a graph centered on the coordinates of an origin point between 99% and 101% of the measured speed, preferably equal to 100% of the measured speed, and defined by at least two points in the case of under-speed and by at least two points in the case of over-speed.
  • Each of the points may have speed value as a percentage of the measured speed and for ordinates a filtered speed value as a percentage of the measured speed modulated by at least one of the droop response parameters.
  • the value of the filtered speed may affect the fuel control loop.
  • the parameters may include at least the value of the high dead band and the low dead band on either side of the original coordinate point, the value of the low, the median, and the high droop of the rotating machine, the value of the low and high limiter droop, at least one dead band output mode, and the value of the low and high breaking points of the nonlinear droop.
  • the coordinates of a first point may be calculated in the case of under-speed, corresponding to the low dead band, having as the abscissa equal to the subtraction of 100% of the measured speed value with the low dead band, and ordinates equal to 100% of the measured speed.
  • the value of a gain of the median droop and the value of a low droop gain may be calculated.
  • the gain of the droop may correspond to a ratio between the intrinsic droop of the rotating machine, for example 4%, divided by the desired droop. For example, for a desired droop of 4% the corresponding gain may be 1 (4%/4%). Thus, for a real speed delta measured by 0.2% at the dead band output, the filtered delta may be 0.2%. Moreover, for a desired droop of 2%, the corresponding gain may be 2 (4%/2%). Thus, for a measured speed delta of 0.2% at the dead band output, the filtered delta may be 0.4%.
  • the coordinates of a second point may be calculated in the case of under-speed, corresponding to the output of the dead band, as a function of the dead band output mode, low droop limiter value, low dead band value, median droop gain, and low breaking point value.
  • the coordinates of a third point may be calculated in the case of under-speed, corresponding to the low breaking point of the non-linear droop, as a function of the coordinates of the second point, the value of the low breakpoint, the value of the low droop limiter, and median droop gain.
  • the coordinates of a fourth point may be calculated in the case of under-speed, corresponding to the low droop limiter, as a function of the coordinates of the third point, the value of the low droop limiter, and the low droop gain.
  • the coordinates of a fifth point may be calculated in the case of under-speed, corresponding to the low limit point of the response profile, as a function of the coordinates of the fourth point and of the value of the low droop limiter.
  • the coordinates of a first point may be calculated in the case of an over-speed corresponding to the high dead band and having on the abscissa equal to the addition of 100% of the measured speed with the value of the band 100% of the measured speed.
  • the value of a high droop gain corresponding to the ratio between the intrinsic droop of the machine and the desired droop, for example 4% may be calculated.
  • the coordinates of a second point may be calculated in the case of over-speed, corresponding to the output of the dead band, depending on the dead band output mode, the high droop limiter value, the value of the high dead band, the high droop gain, and the value of the high breakpoint.
  • the coordinates of a third point may be calculated in the case of over-speed, corresponding to the high breaking point of the non-linear droop, as a function of the coordinates of the second point, the value of the high break point, the value of the high droop limiter, and the median droop gain.
  • the coordinates of a fourth point may be calculated in the case of over-speed, corresponding to the high droop limiter, as a function of the coordinates of the third point, of the value of the high droop limiter, and of the high droop gain.
  • the coordinates of a fifth point may be calculated in the case of over-speed, corresponding to the high limit point of the response profile, as a function of the coordinates of the fourth point, and of the value of the high droop limiter.
  • the value of the low dead band may be, for example, between 0.02% and 6% of the measured speed value.
  • the value of the high dead band may be, for example, between 0.02% and 1% of the measured speed value.
  • At least one of the values of the median droop, the low droop, and the high droop may be, for example, between 2% and 20% of the measured speed value.
  • At least one of the values of the low and high break points of the non-linear droop may be, for example, between 0% and 10% of the measured speed value.
  • the value of the low droop limiter may be, for example, between 96% and 100% of the filtered speed value.
  • the value of the high droop limiter may be, for example, between 100% and 104% of the filtered speed value.
  • the dead band output may be selected from a group including a first output mode in which, once the dead band extreme value has been reached, the filtered speed joins the speed defined by the droop, a second output mode in which, once the extreme value of the dead band is reached, the filtered speed may be defined by the droop while maintaining the constant offset of the dead band proportional to the measured speed, and a third output mode in which once the extreme value of the dead band has been reached, the filtered speed joins the speed defined by the droop while following a ramp equivalent to a droop of 2%.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method of determining a static response profile of a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a graph representing a set of functions of a universal speed filter determined according to the method of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 shows in detail an example of the application of the universal speed filter of FIG. 2 .
  • the term “measured speed value Vm” is understood to mean the image of the frequency of the electrical network as seen by the controller, the real value of the rotation of the shaft of the rotating machine.
  • the measured speed value Vm is expressed as a percentage (%) of the speed of the electrical generating unit with respect to the nominal speed of the rotating machine.
  • a value of 100% of speed corresponds to 50 Hz or 60 Hz depending on the country.
  • the power contribution to be provided by each power generating group may be defined by its own droop, i.e., the ratio between the power variation and the frequency variation of the power grid expressed as a percentage (%).
  • a 4% droop means that a 4% change in the speed of the rotating machine will result in a 100% change in the nominal power of the rotating machine.
  • an over-speed of the electrical network of 1% that means 0.5 Hz, will imply a 25% decrease in the nominal power of the rotating machine.
  • the droop may be adjusted between 2% and 20%.
  • a droop of 20% and an over-speed of the electrical network of 1% that means 0.5 Hz
  • a 2% droop and an over-speed of the power grid of 1% that means 0.5 Hz
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method 10 for determining a static response profile of a rotating electric machine connected to an electrical network capable of responding to variations in the frequency of the electrical network.
  • the droop response profile will be called a speed profile or a universal speed filter.
  • the control method of the rotating machine may include a first step 12 for recovering a measured speed value Vm and a second step 14 for determining a number of droop response parameters, dependent on the measured speed Vm of the rotating electrical machine.
  • step 14 low and high parameters of the droop response corresponding to under-speed and over-speed are determined:
  • a dead band BM is defined as an inhibition of the power response of the power generation group within a given speed range.
  • three types of dead bands are defined:
  • the choices of the BM dead band are exclusive, therefore if the variable dead band is activated, then the fixed and default dead bands are disabled. Similarly, when the fixed and variable dead bands are deactivated, the default band BM 1 is activated.
  • the value of the low dead band BMB is, for example, between 0.02% and 6% of the measured speed value Vm.
  • the value of the high dead band BMH is, for example, between 0.02% and 1% of the measured speed value Vm.
  • median droop SM, low droop SB and high droop SH are, for example, between 2% and 20% of the measured speed value Vm.
  • Droop response limitations makes it possible to limit the contribution of the load from a percentage value of the measured speed Vm to over-speed and/or under-speed by limiting the filtered speed to a constant value.
  • the droop response limitation may be deactivated to prevent the rotating machine from operating at high load and speed.
  • a value of the low droop limiter LSB of between 96% and 100% of the filtered speed value may be selected, and a value of the high droop limiter LSH of between 100% and 104% of the filtered speed value.
  • the SBM dead band output represents the behavior of the rotating machine at the output of the dead band BM, that is, when the speed value measured in % exceeds the predefined dead band BM.
  • the values for the low breaking point PCB and high PCH of the non-linear droop may be selected between 0% and 10% of the measured speed value.
  • variable droop by default of 4% and adjustable over a range of between 2% and 20% applied over the entire operating range, and a nonlinear droop composed of three speed ranges having their respective droop and delimited by two points of inflection on either side of the nominal speed.
  • the static response parameters may be determined either by the so-called “TSO” transmission system operator (“TSO”) or by the operator.
  • Some of the droop response parameters may be set up or changed by the operator and other droop response parameters may be set in the software or controller without being able to be modified.
  • the method 10 then includes a step 16 for determining the coordinates [X5; Y5] of a point of origin of a graph illustrating a speed profile or response profile in droop, illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the coordinates [X5; Y5] of the point of origin are defined according to the following equation:
  • the speed profile is a graph defined by a set of points of coordinates [Xi; Yi], where “i” is an integer between 0 and 10, the abscissa being the value of the measured speed Vm, in %, corresponding to the image of the frequency of the electrical network, and for ordinates the value of the filtered speed Vf, in %, corresponding to the measured speed Vm modulated by the response parameters in droop.
  • measured speed value Vm means the real rotational value of the rotating machine shaft, expressed as a percentage (%) of speed with respect to the nominal speed of the rotating machine which is equivalent to 100%.
  • filtered speed value Vf is understood to mean the speed value expressed as a percentage (%) of speed with respect to the nominal speed of the rotating machine modulated by the various statistic response parameters determined in step 14 .
  • the speed profile is centered on the coordinates [X5; Y5] of the origin point corresponding to the measured speed Vm nominal of 100%.
  • the corresponding filtered speed Vf is also 100%.
  • the point of origin [X5; Y5] may be adjusted in a range between 99% and 101% of the measured speed Vm.
  • the method includes calculating the coordinates [X4; Y4] to [X0; Y0] from the first to the fifth point respectively in the case of under-speed and the calculation of the coordinates [X6; Y6] to [X10; Y10] at the first to fifth point respectively in the case of over-speed.
  • the method may include steps 18 to 32 for calculating the points of coordinates [X4; Y4] to [X0; Y0] in the case of under-speed and steps 34 to 48 for calculating the points of coordinates [X6; Y6] to [X10; Y10] in the case of over-speed.
  • step 18 the coordinates [X4; Y4] from a first under-speed point as a function of the low dead band BMB.
  • the value of the filtered speed at point Y4 will correspond to the nominal speed of 100%.
  • the coordinates of the first point [X4; Y4] according to the following equation:
  • the real speed delta corresponds to a filtered delta of speed, that is to say to the delta of measured speed multiplied by a gain of the droop.
  • the gain of the droop may be the ratio between the intrinsic droop of the rotating machine, for example equal to 4%, divided by the desired droop.
  • the value of the gain of the median droop GSM and the value of the gain of the low droop GSB may be calculated as a function of the median droop SM and the low SB respectively according to the following equations:
  • GSM 4 ⁇ % SM ( Eq . ⁇ 3 )
  • GSB 4 ⁇ % SB ( Eq . ⁇ 4 )
  • the low droop gain GSB and the median droop gain GSM may be between 2 and 0.2 respectively, for example equal to 1, for example equal to 0.5.
  • step 22 the coordinates [X3; Y3] of a second point under-speed as a function of the mode of output of the SBM dead band selected in step 14 .
  • the abscissa X3 of the second point may be equal to the abscissa X4 of the first point previously determined in step 18 .
  • the y-coordinate Y3 of the second point may be equal to 100 minus the minimum value between (100 minus the value of the low droop limiter LSB) and the value of the low dead band BMB multiplied by the median GSM droop gain.
  • the second coordinate point [X3; Y3] may be coincident with the first point of coordinates [X4; Y4] previously determined in step 18 .
  • step 24 when the output of dead band SBM 1 of step type has been selected, the value of the low breaking point PCB may be compared with the value of the low dead band BMB.
  • step 26 we recalculate the coordinates [X2; Y2] of a third point in under-speed, corresponding to the low breaking point of the non-linear droop, according to the following Equation Eq. 9:
  • step 28 the value of the abscissa X3 of the second point is compared with (100 ⁇ PCB).
  • step 30 the coordinates [X1; Y1] of a fourth under-speed point may be calculated, corresponding to the under-speed droop limiter, per the following Equation Eq. 11:
  • step 32 we recalculate the coordinates [X0; Y0] of a fifth point in under-speed, corresponding to the under-speed limit point of the filter, per the following Equation Eq. 12:
  • each segment defined by two points corresponds to a function modulated by the functions that precedes it.
  • the steps 34 to 48 represent the steps of calculating the points of coordinates [X6; Y6] to [X10; Y10] in the case of over-speed.
  • step 34 the coordinates [X6; Y6] of a first point in over-speed, as a function of the high dead band BMH.
  • the value of the speed filtered at point Y6 may correspond to the nominal speed of 100%.
  • the coordinates [X6; Y6] of the first point per the following Equation:
  • the real speed delta corresponds to a filtered delta of speed, that is to say to the delta of measured speed multiplied by a gain of the droop.
  • the gain of the droop may be the ratio between the intrinsic droop of the rotating machine, for example equal to 4%, divided by the desired droop.
  • the median GSM droop gain value, calculated in step 20 may be applied.
  • step 36 the value of the gain of the high droop GSH as a function of the high droop SH may be calculated per the following Equation:
  • the high droop gain GSH may be between 2 and 0.2.
  • step 38 the coordinates [X7; Y7] of a second point, in over-speed, as a function of the output mode of the dead band SBM may be determined in step 14 .
  • the coordinates [X7; Y7] of the second point may be calculated per the following Equation Eq. 15:
  • the abscissa X7 of the second point may be equal to the abscissa X6 of the first point previously determined in step 34 .
  • the y-coordinate Y7 of the second point may be equal to 100 plus the minimum value between (the value of the high-droop limiter LSH minus 100) and (the value of the high dead band BMH multiplied by the median GSM droop gain calculated at 1 Step 20 ).
  • the coordinates [X7; Y7] of the second point may be calculated per the following Equation Eq. 16:
  • the second coordinate point [X7; Y7] may be coincident with the first point of coordinates [X6; Y6] previously determined in step 34 .
  • step 40 when the step mode dead band output SBM 1 has been selected, the value of the high breaking point PCH may be compared with the value of the high dead band BMH.
  • step 42 the coordinates [X8; Y8] of a third point may be calculated, in over-speed, corresponding to the high breaking point of the non-linear droop, per the following Equation Eq. 19:
  • step 44 the value of the abscissa X7 of the second point may be compared with (100+PCH).
  • step 46 the coordinates [X9; Y9] of a fourth point may be calculated, corresponding to the over-speed droop limiter, per the following Equation Eq. 21:
  • step 48 the coordinates [X10; Y10], of a fifth point may be calculated, corresponding to the over-speed limit point of the filter, per the following equation Eq. 22:
  • each segment defined by two points corresponds to a function modulated by the functions that precedes it.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in solid lines, the so-called ramp mode of the output of the dead band SBM 3 , in dotted lines, the so-called step mode of output of the dead band SBM 1 and in bold dashed lines, the rail mode of the dead band SBM 2 .
  • the coordinate points [X7; Y7] of the dead band may be coincident with the coordinate point [X6; Y6] defining the dead band for over-speed.
  • the point of exit of the dead band of coordinates [X3; Y3] may be coincident with the point of coordinates [X4; Y4] defining the dead band.
  • a filtered delta of speed corresponds to a delta of measured speed multiplied by the gain of the droop.
  • the output of the dead band may be set to over-speed by the segment of coordinates [X6; Y6] and [X7; Y7] corresponding to the segment between the first and second point or under-speed by the segment of coordinates [X4; Y4] and [X3; Y3] corresponding to the segment between the first and second point.
  • the filtered speed joins the real speed modulated by the droop gain following a ramp equivalent to a 2% droop.
  • the output of the dead band may be set to over-speed by the segment of coordinates [X6; Y6] and [X7; Y7] corresponding to the segment between the first and the second point, or under-speed by the segment of coordinates [X4; Y4] and [X3; Y3] corresponding to the segment between the first and second point.
  • the filtered speed joins the real speed modulated by the droop gain along a step from the coordinate point [X6; Y6] in over-speed or from the point of coordinates [X4; Y4] at under-speed.
  • the segment defined by the points of coordinates [X9; Y9] and [X10; Y10] represents the high droop limiter, in which zone the filtered speed may be constant regardless of the real measured speed variation.
  • the segment defined by the points of coordinates [X1; Y1] and [X0; Y0] represents the low droop limiter, in which zone the filtered speed is constant regardless of the real measured speed variation.
  • the graph illustrated in FIG. 2 represents the set of functions of a universal speed filter obtained by the method described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a particular case of the universal filter of FIG. 2 , in which a mode of output of the dead band in the ramp mode has been selected.
  • the set of points of coordinates [X4; Y4] to [X0; Y0] in the case of under-speed and coordinate points [X6; Y6] to [X10; Y10] in the case of over-speed may be calculated according to the steps 18 to 48 previously described.
  • the response profile in the form of a droop or universal speed profile illustrated in FIG. 2 it may be displayed on a man-machine interface (HMI). It would also be possible to display on this man-machine interface a theoretical power response profile corresponding to the universal speed profile displayed. It will be noted that the coordinates of the points of this power response profile may be obtained from the coordinates of the points of the universal speed profile and based on the relationship between the filtered speed variation and the power variation inherent in the definition of the droop.
  • HMI man-machine interface
  • the method herein makes it possible to integrate a number of functions related to the measured speed, such as in particular the value of the dead band and the value of the droop. From this, the method may determine a universal speed profile, also known as a universal droop response profile or universal speed filter.
  • This universal speed profile according to the method herein is thus obtained in various ways: either all of the parameters of the frequency response are predefined, for example specified in the transport network manager or determined by the operator.
  • the universal speed profile may be developed using default parameters, for example a default dead band of 10 mHz, with rail mode band dead output and/or a droop equal to 4%, or the parameters are defined according the two preceding ways.
  • the determined speed profile may be asymmetrical around the coordinate origin point [X5; Y5]. It thus may be possible to obtain a different behavior from the rotating electrical machine in over-speed and under-speed. Asymmetry may be particularly attractive for markets where over-speed and under-speed responses represent different products and services.
  • the method herein thus makes it possible to calculate automatically and independently the points of coordinates [X0; Y0] through [X4; Y4] at under-speed with respect to the nominal speed and the points of coordinates [X6; Y6] to [X10; Y10] at over-speed with respect to nominal speed.
  • the simultaneous calculation of the coordinates of the points makes it easy to integrate the modifications of the response parameters into droop.
  • the method thus may recalculate the set of coordinates of the points defining the universal speed profile, which makes the method herein particularly flexible.
  • the method readjusts or modifies this parameter and automatically recalculates the set of coordinates of the points defining the universal speed filter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
US15/633,930 2016-12-14 2017-06-27 Method for determining a droop response profile of an electrical machine connected to an electrical grid Abandoned US20180164379A1 (en)

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FR1662419A FR3060239A1 (fr) 2016-12-14 2016-12-14 Procede de determination d'un profil de reponse en statisme d'une machine electrique reliee a un reseau electrique
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