US20170303993A1 - Treatment instrument and treatment system - Google Patents
Treatment instrument and treatment system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20170303993A1 US20170303993A1 US15/644,604 US201715644604A US2017303993A1 US 20170303993 A1 US20170303993 A1 US 20170303993A1 US 201715644604 A US201715644604 A US 201715644604A US 2017303993 A1 US2017303993 A1 US 2017303993A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- treatment
- sheath
- protrusion
- treatment instrument
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/148—Probes or electrodes therefor having a short, rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously, e.g. for neurosurgery or arthroscopy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00112—Connection or coupling means
- A61B1/00114—Electrical cables in or with an endoscope
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00112—Connection or coupling means
- A61B1/00121—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle
- A61B1/00124—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle electrical, e.g. electrical plug-and-socket connection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/313—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes
- A61B1/317—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes for bones or joints, e.g. osteoscopes, arthroscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320016—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N7/00—Ultrasound therapy
- A61N7/02—Localised ultrasound hyperthermia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00831—Material properties
- A61B2017/00862—Material properties elastic or resilient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320069—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic for ablating tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320071—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with articulating means for working tip
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320088—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with acoustic insulation, e.g. elements for damping vibrations between horn and surrounding sheath
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320089—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic node location
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
- A61B2018/00059—Material properties
- A61B2018/00071—Electrical conductivity
- A61B2018/00083—Electrical conductivity low, i.e. electrically insulating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
- A61B2018/00107—Coatings on the energy applicator
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
- A61B2018/00565—Bone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00595—Cauterization
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00607—Coagulation and cutting with the same instrument
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00982—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body combined with or comprising means for visual or photographic inspections inside the body, e.g. endoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00994—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body combining two or more different kinds of non-mechanical energy or combining one or more non-mechanical energies with ultrasound
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
- A61B2018/1246—Generators therefor characterised by the output polarity
- A61B2018/126—Generators therefor characterised by the output polarity bipolar
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B2018/1472—Probes or electrodes therefor for use with liquid electrolyte, e.g. virtual electrodes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B2018/1497—Electrodes covering only part of the probe circumference
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a treatment instrument for use in arthroscopic surgery.
- the present invention also relates to a treatment system comprising this treatment instrument.
- an ultrasonic surgical instrument to treat a hard tissue such as a bone by ultrasonic vibration has heretofore been known.
- an ultrasonic handpiece disclosed in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 2005-152098 comprises an ultrasonic vibration mechanism which outputs ultrasonic vibration, and a horn which chips a hard tissue such as a bone by the vibration transmitted from the ultrasonic vibration mechanism.
- the horn has a body portion and a scalpel portion, and the scalpel portion abuts on and thus chips a hard tissue such as a bone.
- a treatment instrument comprises a probe comprising a treatment portion which treats a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration, and a back portion provided on a side opposite to the treatment portion, a hollow sheath which surrounds the probe, the sheath having a cutout made to expose the treatment portion, and a protrusion which is provided in the sheath to cover the back portion on a side opposite to the cutout and which has dimensions smaller than the dimensions of the probe in a direction that intersects with a central axis of the probe.
- a treatment system comprising a treatment instrument according to the above treatment instrument and an endoscope apparatus to visualize a part to be treated with the treatment instrument.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing in a plane cut along a longitudinal direction of a treatment instrument of the treatment system shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a vibration generator of the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 2 in a plane cut along a longitudinal direction of a probe;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the probe, a sheath, and a seal member of the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the seal member shown in FIG. 4 in a magnified form
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a state (solid line) before the seal member shown in FIG. 5 is put in the sheath and a state (broken line) where the seal member is put in the sheath;
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing the probe and the sheath shown in FIG. 4 from an oblique direction;
- FIG. 7B is a perspective view showing the probe and the sheath according to a modification from the oblique direction
- FIG. 8 is a side view showing the probe and the sheath shown in FIG. 7A from a lateral direction;
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 1 is used to chip a bone;
- FIG. 10 is a side view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 1 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment, and showing the internal probe by breaking the sheath along an extending direction of the probe;
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the sheath and the probe according to a first modification of the treatment system in the first embodiment cut in a plane that intersects (at right angles) with the extending direction of the probe;
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the sheath and the probe according to a second modification of the first embodiment cut in a plane along the extending direction of the probe;
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing the seal member, the sheath, and the probe according to a third modification of the first embodiment cut in a plane along the extending direction of the probe;
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the seal member and the probe according to a fourth modification of the first embodiment
- FIG. 15 is a side view showing the probe and the sheath of the treatment instrument of a treatment system according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 15 is used to chip a bone;
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 15 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment;
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing parts around the sheath, a second insulating member, and the probe according to a first modification of the treatment system in the second embodiment;
- FIG. 19 is a side view showing parts in the vicinity of the probe and a distal portion of the sheath of a treatment portion of a treatment system according to a third embodiment
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 19 is used to conduct treatment to chip a bone;
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 19 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment
- FIG. 22 is a side view showing parts in the vicinity of the probe and the distal portion of the sheath of the treatment portion of a treatment system according to a fourth embodiment
- FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 22 is used to conduct the treatment to chip the bone;
- FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown in FIG. 22 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment
- FIG. 25 is a side view showing parts in the vicinity of the probe and a protrusion of the sheath of a treatment system according to a fifth embodiment
- FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing a protrusion and a cutout of the sheath shown in FIG. 25 ;
- FIG. 27 is a view showing the probe, the protrusion of the sheath, and the second insulating member from an arrow A direction shown in FIG. 25 ;
- FIG. 28 is a sectional view taken along the line F 28 -F 28 shown in FIG. 27 ;
- FIG. 29 is a perspective view schematically showing a state where the probe and the protrusion of the sheath shown in FIG. 25 are seen in a field of view of an endoscope apparatus;
- FIG. 30 is a sectional view showing the probe and the protrusion of the sheath according to a modification of the treatment system in the fifth embodiment
- FIG. 31 is a sectional view showing the probe and the protrusion of the sheath of a treatment system according to a sixth embodiment
- FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing a state where the probe and the protrusion of the sheath shown in FIG. 31 are put in a small space and thus used;
- FIG. 33 is a side view showing the probe and the protrusion of the sheath of a treatment system according to a seventh embodiment
- FIG. 34 is a view showing the treatment system from a direction of an arrow B shown in FIG. 33 ;
- FIG. 35 is a side view schematically showing a state where a bipolar treatment is conducted in the treatment system shown in FIG. 33 ;
- FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram showing the treatment system according to an eighth embodiment.
- a treatment system 11 is used in a treatment of joints of, for example, shoulders, knees, or elbows as treatment target parts. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the treatment system 11 is used in a treatment of a part between a first bone 12 and a second bone 13 in a joint.
- the treatment system 11 comprises a treatment instrument 14 , an electric supply unit 37 to actuate the treatment instrument 14 , and an endoscope apparatus 16 including an arthroscope 15 .
- the endoscope apparatus 16 comprises the arthroscope 15 , an image processing unit 17 , and a display unit 18 .
- the arthroscope 15 comprises an insertion portion 21 and a holding portion 22 .
- a distal portion of the insertion portion 21 is inserted into an articular cavity 23 .
- One end of a universal cord 24 is connected to the holding portion 22 .
- the other end of the universal cord 24 is connected to the image processing unit 17 which is an image processor or the like.
- the image processing unit 17 is electrically connected to the display unit 18 which is a monitor or the like.
- An imaging element is provided in the distal portion of the insertion portion 21 .
- the imaging element images a subject through an observation window.
- the imaging element is electrically connected to the image processing unit 17 via an imaging cable extending through the insertion portion 21 , the holding portion 22 , and the universal cord 24 .
- An imaged subject figure is subjected to image processing by the image processing unit 17 .
- the subject figure which has been subjected to the image processing is then displayed on the display unit 18 .
- An unshown light source unit is connected to the arthroscope 15 , and light emitted from the light source unit is applied to the subject.
- the treatment instrument 14 comprises a holding portion 25 which constitutes an outer envelope, a vibration generator 26 (transducer) housed in the holding portion 25 , a rod-shaped probe 27 connected to the vibration generator 26 , a hollow (circular cylindrical) sheath 28 which covers the periphery of the probe 27 to protect the probe 27 , a knob 31 (rotational knob) rotatably fixed to the holding portion 25 , a first insulating member 32 which covers the inner peripheral surface of the sheath 28 , a second insulating member 33 which covers the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 28 , a seal member 34 provided between the probe 27 and the first insulating member 32 , and energy input buttons 35 and 38 provided in the holding portion 25 .
- a vibration generator 26 transducer housed in the holding portion 25
- a rod-shaped probe 27 connected to the vibration generator 26
- a hollow (circular cylindrical) sheath 28 which covers the periphery of the probe 27 to protect the probe 27
- a knob 31 rotational knob
- an arrow D 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a distal direction of the probe 27 and an arrow D 2 is a proximal direction of the probe 27 .
- the knob 31 is attached to the holding portion 25 rotatably around a central axis C of the probe 27 .
- This knob 31 is linked to the probe 27 via an unshown link mechanism.
- two energy input buttons 35 are provided in the holding portion 25 .
- the number of the energy input buttons 35 is not exclusively two, and may be three or more or may be one.
- the surgeon can apply first energy (ultrasonic vibration) to a bone tissue (tissue) of a treatment target via the probe 27 by operating the first energy input buttons 35 .
- the surgeon can also apply second energy (high-frequency electric current) to the bone tissue (tissue) of the treatment target via the sheath 28 by operating the second energy input button 38 .
- the vibration generator 26 comprises an ultrasonic vibrator 41 and a horn member 42 .
- the ultrasonic vibrator 41 is provided with (in the present embodiment, for example, four) piezoelectric elements 43 which change an electric current into ultrasonic vibration.
- One end of each of first electric wiring lines 44 ( 44 a and 44 b ) is connected to the ultrasonic vibrator 41 .
- the first electric wiring lines 44 ( 44 a and 44 b ) are connected at the other ends to an ultrasonic electric current supply 45 of the electric supply unit 37 through the cable 36 .
- the first electric wiring line 44 a is connected to a positive side of the ultrasonic electric current supply 45
- the first electric wiring line 44 b is connected to a negative side of the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 .
- the ultrasonic vibrator 41 is attached to the horn member 42 .
- the horn member 42 is made of a metallic material.
- the horn member 42 is provided with a substantially conical section changing portion which decreases in sectional area toward the distal direction of the probe 27 .
- the ultrasonic vibration generated in the ultrasonic vibrator 41 is transmitted to the horn member 42 , and the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration is increased by the section changing portion.
- the probe 27 is formed into a rod shape with, for example, a biocompatible metallic material (e.g. a titanium alloy).
- This probe 27 has a shaft (body portion) 51 extending in the shape of a rod.
- This shaft 51 has, on its distal side (distal portion), a treatment portion 52 in which a cutting blade protruding in the shape of a rake (in the shape of a hook) in a direction that intersects with the extending direction of the shaft 51 is formed, a back portion 53 flatly provided on the side opposite to the treatment portion 52 (the surface facing the treatment portion 52 ), and a pair of side portions 54 provided at positions between the treatment portion 52 and the back portion 53 .
- a biocompatible metallic material e.g. a titanium alloy
- the central axis C of the shaft 51 (the probe 27 ) is located at the position between the treatment portion 52 and the back portion 53 .
- a proximal portion of the probe 27 (the shaft 51 ) is linked to the horn member 42 .
- the probe 27 can conduct a treatment to transmit the ultrasonic vibration generated in the ultrasonic vibrator 41 , and chip bones with the distal portion (the treatment portion 52 ) of the probe 27 .
- the probe 27 is electrically connected to a first plug 46 provided in the holding portion 25 .
- the first plug 46 is electrically connected to one end of one second electric wiring line 48 a of two second electric wiring lines 48 .
- the other end of this second electric wiring line 48 a is electrically connected to a high-frequency electric current supply 47 of the electric supply unit 37 .
- the probe 27 becomes one pole of a bipolar electrode to conduct a bipolar treatment.
- the second electric wiring line 48 a is electrically connected to a negative pole of the high-frequency electric current supply 47 .
- the probe 27 constitutes a return electrode in the bipolar treatment.
- the sheath 28 has a circularly cylindrical body portion 55 fixed to the holding portion 25 , a protrusion 56 which is provided on the distal side of the body portion 55 and which protrudes to cover the back portion 53 of the probe 27 , and a cutout 57 which is made to expose the treatment portion 52 and the side portions 54 of the probe 27 to the external.
- This sheath 28 is made of an electrically conductive material such that the high-frequency electric current can be passed therethrough.
- the cutout 57 is formed obliquely to the extending direction of the probe 27 , more specifically, is obliquely formed so that a part on the treatment portion 52 side of the probe 27 is chipped off toward the distal direction of the probe 27 .
- the cutout 57 is formed to be curved convexly in a direction in which the back portion 53 of the probe 27 is present when seen from a side direction, as shown in FIG. 8 .
- the cutout 57 is oblique to the extending direction of the probe 27 on the proximal direction D 2 side of the probe 27 , but is in a direction substantially parallel to the extending direction of the probe 27 on the distal direction D 1 side of the probe 27 .
- the position of the distal end of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 corresponds to the position of the distal end of the probe 27 .
- the sheath 28 is electrically connected to a second plug 58 provided in the holding portion 25 .
- the second plug 58 is electrically connected to one end of the other second electric wiring line 48 b of the two second electric wiring lines 48 .
- the other end of this second electric wiring line 48 b is electrically connected to the high-frequency electric current supply 47 of the electric supply unit 37 .
- the sheath 28 becomes the other pole of the bipolar electrode to conduct the bipolar treatment.
- the second electric wiring line 48 b is electrically connected to a positive pole of the high-frequency electric current supply 47 .
- the sheath 28 constitutes an active electrode in the bipolar treatment.
- the first insulating member 32 and the second insulating member 33 are attached to the sheath 28 , or the sheath 28 is coated with the first insulating member 32 and the second insulating member 33 .
- the first insulating member 32 and the second insulating member 33 are, for example, insulating tubes made of a synthetic resin material or coating films coated with an insulating member.
- the first insulating member 32 covers the inner peripheral surface of the sheath 28
- the second insulating member 33 covers the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 28 . Consequently, the sheath 28 is in a state where an end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 alone is exposed to the external.
- the end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 as a partial region on the distal side of the sheath 28 functions as the other pole in the bipolar electrode.
- the high-frequency electric current then flows to the distal portion of the probe 27 from the end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 to enable the bipolar treatment.
- the end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 functions as the active electrode
- the distal portion of the probe 27 functions as the return electrode.
- the first insulating member 32 and the second insulating member 33 as the insulating members expose the partial region on the distal side of the sheath 28 alone to the external and cover other regions, whereby the bipolar treatment can be conducted between the partial region on the distal side of the sheath 28 and the distal portion of the probe 27 .
- a distal end face 56 aa of the end face 56 a alone may be exposed to the outside, and a side end face 56 ab may be covered with the first insulating member 32 or the second insulating member 33 .
- the high-frequency electric current can be concentrated in the distal end face 56 aa during the bipolar treatment. This permits a treatment such as coagulation or blood stanching conducted by use of the bipolar treatment to be completed in a short time.
- the seal member 34 is disposed at the position of a node of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted to the probe 27 , and is provided for the purpose of blocking any liquid from entering the proximal side of the probe 27 .
- the seal member 34 is ring-shaped by a rubber-like elastic resin (elastic body).
- the seal member 34 becomes greater in thickness dimension in the radial direction of the probe 27 as the seal member 34 comes closer to the proximal direction D 2 of the probe 27 in a state before the seal member 34 is put into the sheath 28 .
- the seal member 34 is compressed into a ring shape having a flat section in a state after the seal member 34 is put into the sheath 28 .
- the pressure by which the seal member 34 is pressed to the sheath 28 and the first insulating member 32 is higher as the seal member 34 comes closer to the proximal side of the probe 27 . Therefore, the seal member 34 according to the present embodiment has a structure that does not permit any liquid from entering the proximal side of the probe 27 .
- the seal member 34 has an abutment surface 61 which abuts on the first insulating member 32 , and a slot 62 recessed from the abutment surface 61 in a direction in which the probe 27 is present.
- the slot 62 is provided at a substantially intermediate position in the extending direction of the probe 27 in the seal member 34 .
- the slot 62 is formed to keep a predetermined space between the first insulating member 32 and the slot 62 , and can retain therein a liquid which enters the space between the first insulating member 32 and the abutment surface 61 . This prevents the liquid from entering the proximal side of the probe 27 from the seal member 34 .
- the electric supply unit 37 has the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 , the high-frequency electric current supply 47 , and an energy controller 63 which controls the above.
- the energy controller 63 can control the supply of an ultrasonic generating electric current from the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 and the supply of the high-frequency electric current from the high-frequency electric current supply 47 .
- the energy controller 63 supplies the ultrasonic generating electric current to the vibration generator 26 via the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 .
- the energy controller 63 supplies the high-frequency electric current to the sheath 28 via the high-frequency electric current supply 47 .
- the surgeon inserts the insertion portion 21 of the arthroscope 15 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the surgeon inserts the sheath 28 and the probe 27 of the treatment instrument 14 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the probe 27 which is ultrasonically vibrated can be used to remove a part of an articular capsule 23 A around the articular cavity 23 .
- the same probe 27 as that in a later-described treatment of the first bone 12 can be used, and it is not necessary to replace the treatment instrument 14 .
- the articular cavity 23 is filled with an arthroscopic perfusate comprising a lactate Ringer solution or an electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method.
- the sheath 28 and the probe 27 are inserted between the first bone 12 , and the second bone 13 facing the first bone 12 .
- the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment target first bone 12 , and the surgeon operates the first energy input buttons 35 , whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to the probe 27 . Consequently, the probe 27 and the treatment portion 52 at its distal end ultrasonically vibrate.
- the surgeon can conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment target first bone 12 with the ultrasonically vibrating probe 27 while finely adjusting the positions and angles of the sheath 28 and the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52 ).
- This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in the first bone 12 or tissues around the first bone 12 .
- a tissue including blood vessels e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues
- the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed.
- the surgeon brings the end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 into abutment with a bleeding tissue T (e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown in FIG. 10 .
- the surgeon operates the second energy input button 38
- the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the end face of the end face 56 a of the sheath 28 , and this bleeding tissue can be cauterized.
- the high-frequency electric current concentrates because the end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 alone is not covered with the first insulating member 32 and the second insulating member 33 , so that the blood stanching treatment can be conducted for this bleeding tissue without any problem even under an environment filled with the electrically conductive liquid 64 .
- the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is collected by the probe 27 via the bones and the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling in the articular cavity 23 .
- the high-frequency electric current collected by the probe 27 is returned to the high-frequency electric current supply 47 .
- the surgeon can use the same treatment instrument 14 to conduct the treatment to remove a tissue such as a bone and the blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding.
- a tissue such as a bone
- the blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding.
- the surgeon can again remove undesirable parts of the first bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 as needed.
- one treatment instrument 14 enables both a treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone and a blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding in a tissue such as a bone. Therefore, as compared to the case where a treatment instrument for a treatment to chip bones is different from a treatment instrument for blood stanching, there is no need for work to replace the treatment instruments at the time of bleeding, and blood stanching work can be smoothly done.
- the surgeon does not lose sight of the bleeding part in the process of replacing the treatment instruments, and the part to which the high-frequency electric current is applied can be reduced to reduce damage caused to the tissues of a patient. Even in the case of bleeding, blood can be quickly stanched to reduce the total bleeding amount, and the psychological burden of the surgeon can be reduced. Surgery time can also be reduced.
- the above insulating member comprises a first insulating member which covers the inner peripheral surface of the sheath, and a second insulating member which covers the outer peripheral surface of the sheath.
- the probe 27 comprises the back portion 53 provided on the side opposite to the treatment portion 52 , and the side portions 54 provided at the positions between the treatment portion 52 and the back portion 53 .
- the sheath 28 has the protrusion 56 which protrudes to cover the back portion 53 , and the cutout 57 which is made to expose the treatment portion 52 and the side portions 54 of the probe 27 .
- the sheath 28 when the treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with the probe 27 is conducted, the sheath 28 does not interfere with this treatment.
- the sheath 28 is cut out on the treatment portion 52 side and the side portions 54 side of the probe 27 .
- the treatment instrument 14 can access even narrow places inside tissues, so that it is possible to improve the convenience of the surgeon and reduce surgery time.
- the ring-shaped seal member 34 is provided to intervene between the probe 27 and the first insulating member 32 and block the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of the probe 27 . According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the liquid 64 from entering the proximal direction D 2 side of the probe 27 , and prevent the increase of a load applied when the probe 27 is ultrasonically vibrated. This can prevent the treatment instrument 14 from being broken by immersion into water.
- the seal member 34 can prevent direct contact between the probe 27 and the first insulating member 32 . This can prevent the first insulating member 32 from being broken when ultrasonic vibration is output by the probe 27 .
- the seal member 34 has rubber-like elasticity, and becomes greater in thickness dimension in the radial direction of the probe 27 as the seal member 34 comes closer to the proximal side of the probe 27 . According to this configuration, it is possible to improve the performance of putting in the probe 27 when the probe 27 covered with the seal member 34 is put into the hollow sheath 28 .
- the seal member 34 is brought into closer contact with the sheath 28 and the first insulating member 32 by higher pressure as the seal member 34 comes closer to the proximal side of the probe 27 , which enables a structure that does not permit the entry of the liquid 64 as the seal member 34 comes closer to the proximal direction D 2 side of the probe 27 . This can further improve the reliability of the treatment instrument 14 .
- the probe 27 collects the above high-frequency electric current applied to the aforementioned bone.
- the sheath 28 and the probe 27 can be the two poles of the bipolar, and the high-frequency electric current can be concentrated around the sheath 28 and the probe 27 . This makes it possible to reduce the time required for the blood stanching treatment, and reduce the output of the high-frequency electric current necessary for blood stanching to reduce the apparatus in size.
- the first modification is different from the first embodiment in the shape of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 , but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the sheath 28 has the circularly cylindrical body portion 55 fixed to the holding portion 25 , the protrusion 56 which is provided on the distal direction D 1 side of the body portion 55 and which protrudes to cover the back portion 53 of the probe 27 , and the cutout 57 which is made to expose the treatment portion 52 and the side portions 54 of the probe 27 to the external.
- the cutout 57 is obliquely formed. More specifically, the cutout 57 is obliquely formed so that an angle ⁇ formed by an angular portion located at the intersection of a plane A defined by the cutout 57 and a tangent B to the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating member 33 is an obtuse angle.
- the plane A defined by the cutout 57 is oblique to a radial direction R of the probe 27 so that the area of the end face of the sheath 28 exposed from the space between the first insulating member 32 and the second insulating member 33 increases. According to this configuration, it is possible to apply the high-frequency electric current to a tissue such as a bone via the exposed portion of the sheath 28 increased in area when the bone is bleeding. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon.
- the second modification is different from the first embodiment in parts of the shape of the sheath 28 , but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the sheath 28 has the circularly cylindrical body portion 55 fixed to the holding portion 25 , a small diameter portion 65 provided on the distal side of the body portion 55 , and a narrow portion 66 which links the body portion 55 and the small diameter portion 65 .
- the diameter of the small diameter portion 65 is smaller than the diameter of the body portion 55 . It is preferable that the diameter of the small diameter portion 65 be suitably set within the range of half to 2 ⁇ 3 of the diameter of the body portion 55 .
- the small diameter portion 65 has the protrusion 56 which protrudes to cover the back portion 53 of the probe 27 , and the cutout 57 which is made to expose the treatment portion 52 and the side portions 54 of the probe 27 to the external.
- the shapes of the protrusion 56 and the cutout 57 are similar to those in the first embodiment.
- the sheath 28 has the small diameter portion 65 which is provided on the distal direction D 1 side and which is smaller in diameter than the part on the proximal direction D 2 side, and the protrusion 56 and the cutout 57 are provided in this small diameter portion 65 .
- the height dimension in the distal portion of the sheath 28 (the height dimension between the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 and the probe 27 ) can be smaller than in the first embodiment. Consequently, approachability of even narrow parts of tissues is improved, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced.
- the third modification is different from the first embodiment in parts of the shape of the seal member 34 , but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the seal member 34 is disposed at the node position of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted to the probe 27 .
- the seal member 34 is ring-shaped by a rubber-like elastic resin (elastic body).
- the seal member 34 has the abutment surface 61 which abuts on the first insulating member 32 , the slot 62 recessed from the abutment surface 61 to extend obliquely to the extending direction of the probe 27 , and a sealing piece 67 which is provided at a position between the slot 62 and the first insulating member 32 and which defines part of the periphery of the slot 62 .
- the slot 62 is provided at a substantially intermediate position in an extending direction L of the probe 27 in the seal member 34 .
- the slot 62 is oblique to a direction to be closer to the central axis C of the probe 27 as the slot 62 comes closer to the proximal direction D 2 side of the probe 27 .
- the sealing piece 67 forms an acute angle.
- the sealing piece 67 is pleat-shaped, and is pressed to the first insulating member 32 by pressure P which is part of the pressure of the liquid 64 that enters the slot 62 . In this way, the sealing piece 67 acts like a valve to prevent the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of the probe 27 .
- the sealing piece 67 is provided, so that even when the treatment system 11 is used in the liquid 64 , it is possible to prevent the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of the probe 27 . This can prevent the increase of a load causing a failure of the treatment instrument 14 when the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the probe 27 .
- the first modification is different from the first embodiment in parts of the shape of the seal member 34 , but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the seal member 34 is disposed at the position of the node of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted to the probe 27 .
- the seal member 34 is ring-shaped by a rubber-like elastic resin (elastic body).
- the seal member 34 has the abutment surface 61 which abuts on the first insulating member 32 , the slot 62 which is recessed from the abutment surface 61 and which helically extends around the probe 27 , and a wall portion 68 which closes an end of the helical slot 62 on the proximal side of the probe 27 .
- the slot 62 is helical, so that the volume of the slot 62 can be greater than the volume of the slot 62 in the first embodiment.
- the slot 62 can retain therein a greater amount of the liquid 64 than in the first embodiment even when the liquid 64 enters the space between the first insulating member 32 and the abutment surface 61 .
- the wall portion 68 is provided, and therefore prevents the liquid 64 in the slot 62 from entering the proximal direction D 2 side of the probe 27 . This prevents the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of the probe 27 and thus causing a failure of the treatment instrument 14 .
- a treatment system 11 according to a second embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 15 to FIG. 17 .
- the treatment system 11 according to the second embodiment is different from that according to the first embodiment in that a second cutout 71 is provided in the second insulating member 33 , but is the same in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the treatment instrument 14 comprises the holding portion 25 which constitutes the outer envelope, the vibration generator 26 (transducer) housed in the holding portion 25 , the rod-shaped probe 27 connected to the vibration generator 26 , the hollow (circular cylindrical) sheath 28 which covers the periphery of the probe 27 to protect the probe 27 , the knob 31 (rotational knob) rotatably fixed to the holding portion 25 , the first insulating member 32 which covers the inner peripheral surface of the sheath 28 , the second insulating member 33 which covers the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 28 , the seal member 34 provided between the probe 27 and the first insulating member 32 , and the energy input buttons 35 and 38 provided in the holding portion 25 .
- the second insulating member 33 has the second cutout 71 .
- the second cutout 71 exposes the outer peripheral surface of the distal portion of the sheath 28 in a belt shape in a direction that intersects with the extending direction L of the sheath 28 .
- the surgeon inserts the insertion portion 21 of the arthroscope 15 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the surgeon inserts the sheath 28 and the probe 27 of the treatment instrument 14 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the articular cavity 23 is filled with the arthroscopic perfusate comprising the lactate Ringer solution or the electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method.
- the sheath 28 and the probe 27 are inserted between the first bone 12 , and the second bone 13 facing the first bone 12 .
- the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment target first bone 12 , and the surgeon operates the first energy input buttons 35 , whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to the probe 27 . Consequently, the probe 27 ultrasonically vibrates, and the surgeon finely adjusts the position and angle of the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52 ) and can thus conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment target first bone 12 .
- This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in the first bone 12 or tissues around the first bone 12 .
- a tissue including blood vessels e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues
- the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed.
- the surgeon can rotate the angle of the sheath 28 around the central axis C by rotating the holding portion 25 around the central axis C.
- the surgeon then brings a part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 into abutment with the bleeding tissue T (e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown in FIG. 17 .
- the surgeon operates the second energy input button 38 , the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 , and this bleeding tissue T can be cauterized. This permits the blood from the bleeding tissue T to be stanched. In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is collected by the probe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and the articular cavity 23 .
- the surgeon can use the same treatment instrument 14 to conduct the treatment to remove a tissue such as a bone and the blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding.
- a tissue such as a bone
- the blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding.
- the surgeon can again rotate the angle of the sheath 28 around the central axis C as needed, and remove undesirable parts of the first bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 .
- the second insulating member 33 has the second cutout 71 which exposes part of the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 28 .
- the second cutout 71 allows the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 28 to easily abut on a bone and its surrounding tissues. Consequently, the surgeon can smoothly conduct the blood stanching treatment, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced.
- the blood stanching treatment can be efficiently conducted owing to the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 , so that the total input amount of the high-frequency electric current can be reduced to minimize damage caused to the tissues of the patient.
- the first modification is different from the first embodiment in the shape of the second cutout 71 , but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the second insulating member 33 has the second cutout 71 .
- the second cutout 71 is substantially semicircular (substantially semielliptic). In other words, the second cutout 71 is arc-shaped. That is, the second cutout 71 can expose the outer peripheral surface of the distal portion of the sheath 28 in the substantially semicircular shape or arc-shape.
- the area of the second cutout 71 is smaller than in the second embodiment. Thus, the density of the high-frequency electric current applied to the tissue in the bleeding part is higher.
- the second cutout 71 is substantially semicircular. According to this configuration, the area of the part that exposes the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 28 can be minimized. Therefore, the density of the high-frequency electric current that can be applied to bones can be higher, and the surgeon can more smoothly conduct the blood stanching treatment. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon, and reduce surgery time. Moreover, the blood stanching treatment can be efficiently conducted owing to the high-density high-frequency electric current, so that the total input amount of the high-frequency electric current can be reduced to minimize damage caused to the tissues of the patient.
- a treatment system 11 according to a third embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 19 to FIG. 21 .
- the treatment system 11 according to the third embodiment is different from that according to the second embodiment in that the distal portion of the probe 27 protrudes more than the distal end of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 , but is the same as the second embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the second embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the second embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the shape of the probe 27 and the shape of the sheath 28 are similar to those in the second embodiment.
- the distal portion of the probe 27 protrudes more than the distal end of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 in the extending direction L of the probe 27 .
- the insertion method of the arthroscope 15 and the treatment instrument 14 , and the method of filling the articular cavity 23 with the electrically conductive liquid 64 are similar to those in the second embodiment.
- the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment target first bone 12 , and the surgeon operates the first energy input buttons 35 , whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to the probe 27 . Consequently, the probe 27 ultrasonically vibrates, and the surgeon finely adjusts the position and angle of the ultrasonically vibrating probe 27 (the treatment portion 52 ) and can thus conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment target first bone 12 .
- This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in the first bone 12 or tissues around the first bone 12 . In this instance, if the probe 27 protrudes more than the sheath 28 as in the present embodiment, the sheath 28 does not interfere during the treatment, and the undesirable parts of the first bone 12 are easily removed.
- a tissue including blood vessels e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues
- the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed.
- the surgeon can rotate the angle of the sheath 28 around the central axis C by rotating the holding portion 25 around the central axis C.
- the surgeon then brings the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 into abutment with the bleeding tissue T (e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown in FIG. 21 .
- the surgeon operates the second energy input button 38 , the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 , and this bleeding tissue can be cauterized. This permits the blood from the bleeding tissue T to be stanched. In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is collected by the probe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and the articular cavity 23 .
- the distal portion of the probe 27 protrudes more than the distal end of the sheath 28 .
- the sheath 28 does not interfere, and the treatment can be more easily conducted.
- the visibility of the probe 27 can be satisfactory when a treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with the probe 27 is conducted. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon when a treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with the probe 27 is conducted.
- a treatment system 11 according to a fourth embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 22 to FIG. 24 .
- the treatment system 11 according to the fourth embodiment is different from that according to the second embodiment in that the distal end of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 protrudes more than the distal portion of the probe 27 , but is the same as the second embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the second embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the second embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the shape of the probe 27 and the shape of the sheath 28 are similar to those in the second embodiment.
- the distal end of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 protrudes more than the distal portion of the probe 27 in the extending direction L of the probe 27 .
- the insertion method of the arthroscope 15 and the treatment instrument 14 , and the method of filling the articular cavity 23 with the electrically conductive liquid 64 are similar to those in the second embodiment.
- the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment target first bone 12 , and the surgeon operates the first energy input buttons 35 , whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to the probe 27 . Consequently, the probe 27 ultrasonically vibrates, and the surgeon finely adjusts the position and angle of the ultrasonically vibrating probe 27 (the treatment portion 52 ) and can thus conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment target first bone 12 .
- This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in the first bone 12 or tissues around the first bone 12 .
- a tissue including blood vessels e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues
- the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed.
- the surgeon can rotate the angle of the sheath 28 around the central axis C by rotating the holding portion around the central axis C.
- the surgeon then brings the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 into abutment with the bleeding tissue T (e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown in FIG. 24 .
- the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 , and this bleeding tissue T can be cauterized. This permits the blood from the bleeding tissue to be stanched.
- the sheath 28 protrudes more than the probe 27 as in the present embodiment, the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 is easily pressed to the bleeding part, and the blood stanching treatment can be more easily conducted.
- the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is collected by the probe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and the articular cavity 23 .
- the distal end of the sheath 28 protrudes more than the distal end of the probe 27 . According to this configuration, even in the case of bleeding when the treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with the probe 27 is conducted, the work of pressing the part of the sheath 28 exposed by the second cutout 71 to the bleeding part can be more easily done. Consequently, the blood stanching work can be quickly done, and the convenience of the surgeon can be improved.
- a treatment system 11 according to a fifth embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 25 to FIG. 29 .
- the treatment system 11 according to the fifth embodiment is different from that according to the second embodiment in the shape of the cutout 57 of the sheath 28 , but is the same as the second embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the second embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the second embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the cutout 57 has portions where inclinations to the central axis C are different from each other. That is, the cutout 57 has first portions 57 A inclined to the central axis C, and a second portion 57 B where inclination to the central axis C is smaller than in the first portions 57 A. More specifically, the cutout 57 includes the first portion 57 A on the distal direction D 1 side, and the first portion 57 A on the proximal direction D 2 side. The second portion 57 B intervenes between the two first portions 57 A. The dimensions of the second portion 57 B are larger than the dimensions of the first portion 57 A.
- the cutout 57 is provided more on the distal direction D 1 side than a node position located closest to the distal direction D 1 side of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted in the probe 27 (the seal member 34 provided at the node position).
- each of the two first portions 57 A and the second portion 57 B is linearly formed.
- a relation of an angle ⁇ 1 >an angle ⁇ 2 is satisfied, wherein ⁇ 1 is an angle formed between the first portions 57 A and the central axis C, and ⁇ 2 is an angle formed between the second portion and the central axis C.
- the angle formed between the first portion 57 A on the distal direction D 1 side and the central axis C is formed to be substantially the same as or slightly different from the angle formed between the first portion 57 A on the proximal direction D 2 side and the central axis C.
- the angle formed between the second portion 57 B and the central axis C is smaller, so that the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of the protrusion 56 (the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of the protrusion 56 with regard to a plane that intersects with the central axis C) remain relatively large and great in the vicinity of the second portion 57 B.
- An arc-shaped (R-shaped) distal boundary portion 80 is provided between the first portion 57 A on the distal direction D 1 side and a portion 90 of the protrusion 56 exposed to the outside.
- An arc-shaped (R-shaped) first boundary portion 81 is provided between the first portion 57 A on the distal direction D 1 side and the second portion 57 B.
- An arc-shaped (R-shaped) second boundary portion 82 is provided between the first portion 57 A on the proximal direction D 2 side and the second portion 57 B.
- a width dimension W 1 of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is smaller than a width dimension W 2 of the probe 27 .
- the protrusion 56 is provided to be located within the range of a projected figure of the probe 27 .
- the surgeon inserts the insertion portion 21 of the arthroscope 15 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the surgeon inserts the sheath 28 and the probe 27 of the treatment instrument 14 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the articular cavity 23 is filled with the arthroscopic perfusate comprising the lactate Ringer solution or the electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method.
- the sheath 28 and the probe 27 are inserted between the first bone 12 , and the second bone 13 facing the first bone 12 .
- the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 is then brought into abutment with the treatment target first bone 12 , and the surgeon operates the first energy input buttons 35 , whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to the probe 27 . Consequently, the probe 27 and the treatment portion 52 at its distal end ultrasonically vibrate.
- the surgeon can conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment target first bone 12 with the ultrasonically vibrating probe 27 while finely adjusting the positions and angles of the sheath 28 and the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52 ).
- the width dimension W 1 of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is smaller than the width dimension W 2 of the probe 27 .
- the probe 27 in a treatment, the probe 27 is not hidden in the shadow of the sheath 28 in a field of view obtained by the endoscope apparatus 16 , and the visibility of the probe 27 is improved.
- a tissue including blood vessels e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues
- the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed.
- the surgeon presses the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 to the bleeding tissue (e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues).
- the bleeding tissue e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues.
- the surgeon operates the second energy input button 38 , the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 , and this bleeding tissue can be cauterized.
- the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of the protrusion 56 with regard to the plane that intersects with the central axis C remain relatively large and great in the vicinity of the second portion 57 B.
- strain caused in the protrusion 56 can be reduced. This prevents a risk of contact between the probe 27 and the sheath 28 leading to a short circuit.
- Each boundary portion is arc-shaped, so that in the present embodiment, stress is dispersed around along the arc in each boundary portion in which stress tends to concentrate. Moreover, in the present embodiment, even under an environment in which the high-frequency electric current concentrates in the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 and which is filled with the electrically conductive liquid 64 , the blood stanching treatment can be conducted for this bleeding tissue without any problem.
- the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face 56 a of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is collected by the probe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and the articular cavity 23 .
- the high-frequency electric current collected by the probe 27 is returned to the high-frequency electric current supply 47 .
- the surgeon can again remove undesirable parts of the first bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 as needed.
- the treatment instrument 14 is used under an environment filled with the electrically conductive liquid, and comprises the treatment portion 52 which treats a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration, the back portion 53 provided on the side opposite to the treatment portion 52 , the hollow sheath 28 which has the protrusion 56 to constitute the other pole in the aforementioned bipolar treatment and which surrounds the probe 27 , and the cutout 57 which is provided in the sheath 28 to expose the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 and which has the portions different from each other in inclination to the central axis C of the probe 27 .
- the portions different from each other in inclination are provided in the cutout 57 , so that between these portions, more than one boundary portion can be provided.
- breakage or considerable bending of the protrusion 56 can be prevented. This can prevent a trouble in which the protrusion 56 and the probe 27 that are the two poles of the bipolar treatment contact and then cause a short circuit.
- the boundary between the two adjacent portions is arc-shaped. According to this configuration, stress can be dispersed around along the arc in the boundary portion in which stress tends to concentrate. This permits higher rigidity against bending in the protrusion 56 . Thus, even when a heavy load is put on the protrusion 56 , the risk of breakage or bending of the protrusion 56 in the boundary portions can be prevented.
- the aforementioned portions include the first portions 57 A inclined to the central axis C, and the second portion 57 B which is smaller in inclination to the central axis C than the first portions 57 A and which has dimensions larger than the dimensions of the first portions 57 A and which intervenes between the first portions 57 A.
- the second portion 57 B smaller in inclination can have a long dimension, and the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of the protrusion 56 (the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia in a direction that intersects with a longitudinal direction of the sheath 28 ) can remain relatively large and great in the vicinity of the second portion 57 B.
- considerable strain in the protrusion 56 can be prevented.
- the treatment instrument 14 comprises the probe 27 having the treatment portion 52 which treats a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration and the back portion 53 provided on the side opposite to the treatment portion 52 , the hollow sheath 28 which surrounds the probe 27 and which has the cutout 57 made to expose the treatment portion 52 , and the protrusion 56 which is provided in the sheath 28 to cover the back portion 53 on the side opposite to the cutout 57 and which has dimensions smaller than the dimensions of the probe 27 in the direction that intersects with the central axis C of the probe 27 .
- the contact between the treatment target part and the protrusion 56 can be surface contact via an arc-shaped portion 84 .
- a large contact area between the protrusion 56 and the treatment target part is secured so that the high-frequency electric current can efficiently flow to the treatment target part. Consequently, the bipolar treatment can be completed in a short time.
- the treatment system 11 according to the fifth embodiment can be modified as shown in FIG. 30 .
- the protrusion 56 is located closer to the back portion 53 side of the probe 27 than a tangent to a curved surface 85 on the boundary between the back portion 53 and the side portions 54 of the probe 27 .
- the probe 27 is not hidden in the shadow of the protrusion 56 when a bone or the like is treated by ultrasonic vibration, and the visibility of the probe 27 can be further improved.
- a treatment system 11 according to a sixth embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 .
- the treatment system 11 according to the sixth embodiment is different from that according to the fifth embodiment in the shape and others of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 , but is the same as the fifth embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the fifth embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 has a flat shape.
- the protrusion 56 is flatly provided along the probe 27 , and provided at a position close to the probe 27 .
- a slight clearance D is provided between the protrusion 56 and the probe 27 .
- An added height H in which the height of the probe 27 and the height of the protrusion 56 are added together is reduced compared to the other embodiments.
- FIG. 32 it is possible to more easily approach a narrow space in a living body, and, for example, chip the first bone 12 by use of ultrasonic vibration or treat the first bone 12 with the high-frequency electric current in a small space. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon.
- a treatment system 11 according to a seventh embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 33 to FIG. 35 .
- the treatment system 11 according to the seventh embodiment is different from that according to the fifth embodiment in the shape and others of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 , but is the same as the fifth embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the fifth embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the protrusion 56 is bent in a hook shape toward the probe 27 . More specifically, the protrusion 56 has a projecting portion 83 projecting toward the probe 27 , and an arc-shaped portion 84 which connects the body portion 55 side of the sheath 28 to the projecting portion 83 .
- the protrusion 56 is formed by bending processing of the distal end of the sheath 28 .
- the outer side of the protrusion 56 is exposed to the external.
- the inner side of the protrusion 56 is covered with the first insulating member 32 .
- the projecting portion 83 extends, for example, in a direction that intersects with the central axis C.
- the width dimension W 1 of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is smaller than the width dimension W 2 of the probe 27 .
- the surgeon inserts the insertion portion 21 of the arthroscope 15 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the surgeon inserts the sheath 28 and the probe 27 of the treatment instrument 14 into the articular cavity 23 .
- the articular cavity 23 is filled with the arthroscopic perfusate comprising the lactate Ringer solution or the electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method.
- the sheath 28 and the probe 27 are inserted between the first bone 12 , and the second bone 13 facing the first bone 12 .
- the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 is then brought into abutment with the treatment target first bone 12 , and the surgeon operates the first energy input buttons 35 , whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to the probe 27 . Consequently, the probe 27 and the treatment portion 52 at its distal end ultrasonically vibrate.
- the surgeon can conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment target first bone 12 with the ultrasonically vibrating probe 27 while finely adjusting the positions and angles of the sheath 28 and the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52 ).
- the width dimension W 1 of the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is smaller than the width dimension W 2 of the probe 27 .
- the probe 27 is not hidden in the shadow of the sheath 28 in a field of view obtained by the endoscope apparatus 16 , and the visibility of the probe 27 is improved.
- a tissue including blood vessels e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues
- the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed.
- the surgeon presses the arc-shaped portion 84 of the protrusion 56 to the bleeding tissue T (e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues).
- the bleeding tissue T e.g. the first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues
- the protrusion 56 is put in contact with the tissue T via the arc-shaped portion 84 , so that a large contact area of the protrusion 56 and the tissue is secured.
- the protrusion 56 does not come into point contact with the bleeding tissue T, but can come into surface contact with the bleeding tissue T, and can efficiently pass the high-frequency electric current to this tissue.
- the blood stanching treatment is completed in a short time.
- the blood stanching treatment can be conducted for this bleeding tissue T without any problem.
- the high-frequency electric current supplied from the protrusion 56 of the sheath 28 is collected by the probe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and the articular cavity 23 .
- the high-frequency electric current collected by the probe 27 is returned to the high-frequency electric current supply 47 .
- the surgeon can again remove undesirable parts of the first bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with the treatment portion 52 of the probe 27 as needed.
- the visibility of the probe 27 can be improved by the reduction of the dimensions of the protrusion 56 . This can improve the convenience of the surgeon, and thus reduce surgery time. This can reduce a burden on the patient.
- the probe 27 constitutes one pole in a bipolar treatment
- the sheath 28 constitutes the other pole in the bipolar treatment.
- the protrusion 56 has the projecting portion 83 projecting toward the probe 27 , and an arc-shaped portion 84 which connects the body portion 55 side of the sheath 28 to the projecting portion 83 .
- the protrusion 56 can be brought into abutment with a treatment target part via the projecting portion 83 and the arc-shaped portion 84 in the bipolar treatment. This makes it possible to secure a large contact area between the treatment target part and the protrusion 56 . Consequently, the high-frequency electric current in the bipolar treatment can be efficiently passed to the treatment target part. Because the protrusion 56 is brought into contact with the treatment target part via the arc-shaped portion 84 , the installation angle of the sheath 28 is not limited, and the surgeon can conduct the bipolar treatment at a free angle. Consequently, according to the present embodiment, coagulation, blood stanching, or the like of the treatment target part can be performed in a short time, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced.
- a treatment system 11 according to an eighth embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 36 .
- the treatment system 11 according to the eighth embodiment is different from that according to the fifth embodiment in that the high-frequency electric current supply 47 is not provided in the electric supply unit 37 , but the present embodiment is the same as the fifth embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the fifth embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are neither shown nor described.
- the electric supply unit 37 has the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 , and the energy controller 63 which controls the above.
- the energy controller 63 can control the supply of the ultrasonic generating electric current from the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 .
- the energy controller 63 supplies a relatively high ultrasonic generating electric current to the vibration generator 26 via the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 .
- high-amplitude ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the probe 27 .
- the energy controller 63 supplies a relatively low high-frequency electric current to the vibration generator 26 via the ultrasonic electric current supply 45 .
- low-amplitude ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the probe 27 .
- the probe 27 is exclusively used in an ultrasonic treatment that uses ultrasonic vibration, and is not used in the bipolar treatment (high-frequency treatment).
- the protrusion 56 has dimensions smaller than the dimensions of the probe 27 in the direction that intersects with the central axis C.
- the visibility of the probe 27 is satisfactory, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and modifications may be suitably made without departing from the spirit thereof. That is, it is naturally possible to combine the treatment systems 11 according to the respective embodiments described above into one treatment system.
- the position of the distal portion of the probe 27 may be adjustable to the distal portion of the sheath 28 by the rotation of the knob 31 having a screw structure between the probe 27 and the knob 31 . That is, according to such a structure, it is possible to move back the position of the distal portion of the probe 27 toward the proximal direction D 2 side compared to the distal end of the sheath 28 by rotating the knob 31 clockwise around the central axis C of the probe 27 , for example, when seen from the distal direction of the probe 27 .
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is a Continuation Application of PCT Application No. PCT/JP2015/071134, filed Jul. 24, 2015 and based upon and claiming the benefit of priority from prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-001838, filed Jan. 7, 2015, the entire contents of all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to a treatment instrument for use in arthroscopic surgery. The present invention also relates to a treatment system comprising this treatment instrument.
- An ultrasonic surgical instrument to treat a hard tissue such as a bone by ultrasonic vibration has heretofore been known. For example, an ultrasonic handpiece disclosed in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 2005-152098 comprises an ultrasonic vibration mechanism which outputs ultrasonic vibration, and a horn which chips a hard tissue such as a bone by the vibration transmitted from the ultrasonic vibration mechanism. The horn has a body portion and a scalpel portion, and the scalpel portion abuts on and thus chips a hard tissue such as a bone.
- According to one aspect of the present invention, a treatment instrument comprises a probe comprising a treatment portion which treats a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration, and a back portion provided on a side opposite to the treatment portion, a hollow sheath which surrounds the probe, the sheath having a cutout made to expose the treatment portion, and a protrusion which is provided in the sheath to cover the back portion on a side opposite to the cutout and which has dimensions smaller than the dimensions of the probe in a direction that intersects with a central axis of the probe.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, a treatment system comprising a treatment instrument according to the above treatment instrument and an endoscope apparatus to visualize a part to be treated with the treatment instrument.
- Advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
- The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing in a plane cut along a longitudinal direction of a treatment instrument of the treatment system shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a vibration generator of the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 2 in a plane cut along a longitudinal direction of a probe; -
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the probe, a sheath, and a seal member of the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the seal member shown inFIG. 4 in a magnified form; -
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a state (solid line) before the seal member shown inFIG. 5 is put in the sheath and a state (broken line) where the seal member is put in the sheath; -
FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing the probe and the sheath shown inFIG. 4 from an oblique direction; -
FIG. 7B is a perspective view showing the probe and the sheath according to a modification from the oblique direction; -
FIG. 8 is a side view showing the probe and the sheath shown inFIG. 7A from a lateral direction; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 1 is used to chip a bone; -
FIG. 10 is a side view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 1 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment, and showing the internal probe by breaking the sheath along an extending direction of the probe; -
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the sheath and the probe according to a first modification of the treatment system in the first embodiment cut in a plane that intersects (at right angles) with the extending direction of the probe; -
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the sheath and the probe according to a second modification of the first embodiment cut in a plane along the extending direction of the probe; -
FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing the seal member, the sheath, and the probe according to a third modification of the first embodiment cut in a plane along the extending direction of the probe; -
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the seal member and the probe according to a fourth modification of the first embodiment; -
FIG. 15 is a side view showing the probe and the sheath of the treatment instrument of a treatment system according to a second embodiment; -
FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 15 is used to chip a bone; -
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 15 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment; -
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing parts around the sheath, a second insulating member, and the probe according to a first modification of the treatment system in the second embodiment; -
FIG. 19 is a side view showing parts in the vicinity of the probe and a distal portion of the sheath of a treatment portion of a treatment system according to a third embodiment; -
FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 19 is used to conduct treatment to chip a bone; -
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 19 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment; -
FIG. 22 is a side view showing parts in the vicinity of the probe and the distal portion of the sheath of the treatment portion of a treatment system according to a fourth embodiment; -
FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 22 is used to conduct the treatment to chip the bone; -
FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a state where the treatment instrument shown inFIG. 22 is used to conduct a blood stanching treatment; -
FIG. 25 is a side view showing parts in the vicinity of the probe and a protrusion of the sheath of a treatment system according to a fifth embodiment; -
FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing a protrusion and a cutout of the sheath shown inFIG. 25 ; -
FIG. 27 is a view showing the probe, the protrusion of the sheath, and the second insulating member from an arrow A direction shown inFIG. 25 ; -
FIG. 28 is a sectional view taken along the line F28-F28 shown inFIG. 27 ; -
FIG. 29 is a perspective view schematically showing a state where the probe and the protrusion of the sheath shown inFIG. 25 are seen in a field of view of an endoscope apparatus; -
FIG. 30 is a sectional view showing the probe and the protrusion of the sheath according to a modification of the treatment system in the fifth embodiment; -
FIG. 31 is a sectional view showing the probe and the protrusion of the sheath of a treatment system according to a sixth embodiment; -
FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing a state where the probe and the protrusion of the sheath shown inFIG. 31 are put in a small space and thus used; -
FIG. 33 is a side view showing the probe and the protrusion of the sheath of a treatment system according to a seventh embodiment; -
FIG. 34 is a view showing the treatment system from a direction of an arrow B shown inFIG. 33 ; -
FIG. 35 is a side view schematically showing a state where a bipolar treatment is conducted in the treatment system shown inFIG. 33 ; and -
FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram showing the treatment system according to an eighth embodiment. - A first embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to
FIG. 1 toFIG. 10 . Atreatment system 11 is used in a treatment of joints of, for example, shoulders, knees, or elbows as treatment target parts. More specifically, as shown inFIG. 1 , thetreatment system 11 is used in a treatment of a part between afirst bone 12 and asecond bone 13 in a joint. Thetreatment system 11 comprises atreatment instrument 14, anelectric supply unit 37 to actuate thetreatment instrument 14, and anendoscope apparatus 16 including anarthroscope 15. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , theendoscope apparatus 16 comprises thearthroscope 15, animage processing unit 17, and adisplay unit 18. - The
arthroscope 15 comprises aninsertion portion 21 and a holdingportion 22. In a treatment using thetreatment system 11, a distal portion of theinsertion portion 21 is inserted into anarticular cavity 23. One end of auniversal cord 24 is connected to the holdingportion 22. The other end of theuniversal cord 24 is connected to theimage processing unit 17 which is an image processor or the like. Theimage processing unit 17 is electrically connected to thedisplay unit 18 which is a monitor or the like. - An imaging element is provided in the distal portion of the
insertion portion 21. The imaging element images a subject through an observation window. The imaging element is electrically connected to theimage processing unit 17 via an imaging cable extending through theinsertion portion 21, the holdingportion 22, and theuniversal cord 24. An imaged subject figure is subjected to image processing by theimage processing unit 17. The subject figure which has been subjected to the image processing is then displayed on thedisplay unit 18. An unshown light source unit is connected to thearthroscope 15, and light emitted from the light source unit is applied to the subject. - As shown in
FIG. 1 toFIG. 4 , thetreatment instrument 14 comprises a holdingportion 25 which constitutes an outer envelope, a vibration generator 26 (transducer) housed in the holdingportion 25, a rod-shapedprobe 27 connected to thevibration generator 26, a hollow (circular cylindrical)sheath 28 which covers the periphery of theprobe 27 to protect theprobe 27, a knob 31 (rotational knob) rotatably fixed to the holdingportion 25, a first insulatingmember 32 which covers the inner peripheral surface of thesheath 28, a second insulatingmember 33 which covers the outer peripheral surface of thesheath 28, aseal member 34 provided between theprobe 27 and the first insulatingmember 32, andenergy input buttons portion 25. - The explanation is provided below so that an arrow D1 shown in
FIG. 1 is a distal direction of theprobe 27 and an arrow D2 is a proximal direction of theprobe 27. - To the holding
portion 25, one end of acable 36 is connected. The other end of thecable 36 is connected to theelectric supply unit 37. Theknob 31 is attached to the holdingportion 25 rotatably around a central axis C of theprobe 27. Thisknob 31 is linked to theprobe 27 via an unshown link mechanism. Thus, it is possible to integrally rotate theprobe 27 around the central axis C by rotating theknob 31 to the holdingportion 25. This permits a surgeon to rotate theprobe 27 around the central axis C during surgery. - For example, two
energy input buttons 35 are provided in the holdingportion 25. The number of theenergy input buttons 35 is not exclusively two, and may be three or more or may be one. The surgeon can apply first energy (ultrasonic vibration) to a bone tissue (tissue) of a treatment target via theprobe 27 by operating the firstenergy input buttons 35. The surgeon can also apply second energy (high-frequency electric current) to the bone tissue (tissue) of the treatment target via thesheath 28 by operating the secondenergy input button 38. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , thevibration generator 26 comprises anultrasonic vibrator 41 and ahorn member 42. Theultrasonic vibrator 41 is provided with (in the present embodiment, for example, four)piezoelectric elements 43 which change an electric current into ultrasonic vibration. One end of each of first electric wiring lines 44 (44 a and 44 b) is connected to theultrasonic vibrator 41. The first electric wiring lines 44 (44 a and 44 b) are connected at the other ends to an ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45 of theelectric supply unit 37 through thecable 36. When electric power is supplied to theultrasonic vibrator 41 from the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45 via the first electric wiring lines 44 (44 a and 44 b), ultrasonic vibration is generated in theultrasonic vibrator 41. The firstelectric wiring line 44 a is connected to a positive side of the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45, and the first electric wiring line 44 b is connected to a negative side of the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45. - The
ultrasonic vibrator 41 is attached to thehorn member 42. Thehorn member 42 is made of a metallic material. Thehorn member 42 is provided with a substantially conical section changing portion which decreases in sectional area toward the distal direction of theprobe 27. The ultrasonic vibration generated in theultrasonic vibrator 41 is transmitted to thehorn member 42, and the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration is increased by the section changing portion. - As shown in
FIG. 4 andFIG. 7A , theprobe 27 is formed into a rod shape with, for example, a biocompatible metallic material (e.g. a titanium alloy). Thisprobe 27 has a shaft (body portion) 51 extending in the shape of a rod. Thisshaft 51 has, on its distal side (distal portion), atreatment portion 52 in which a cutting blade protruding in the shape of a rake (in the shape of a hook) in a direction that intersects with the extending direction of theshaft 51 is formed, aback portion 53 flatly provided on the side opposite to the treatment portion 52 (the surface facing the treatment portion 52), and a pair ofside portions 54 provided at positions between thetreatment portion 52 and theback portion 53. The central axis C of the shaft 51 (the probe 27) is located at the position between thetreatment portion 52 and theback portion 53. A proximal portion of the probe 27 (the shaft 51) is linked to thehorn member 42. Thus, theprobe 27 can conduct a treatment to transmit the ultrasonic vibration generated in theultrasonic vibrator 41, and chip bones with the distal portion (the treatment portion 52) of theprobe 27. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , theprobe 27 is electrically connected to afirst plug 46 provided in the holdingportion 25. Thefirst plug 46 is electrically connected to one end of one secondelectric wiring line 48 a of two second electric wiring lines 48. The other end of this secondelectric wiring line 48 a is electrically connected to a high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47 of theelectric supply unit 37. As a result, theprobe 27 becomes one pole of a bipolar electrode to conduct a bipolar treatment. In the present embodiment, the secondelectric wiring line 48 a is electrically connected to a negative pole of the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47. Thus, theprobe 27 constitutes a return electrode in the bipolar treatment. - As shown in
FIG. 4 andFIG. 7A , thesheath 28 has a circularlycylindrical body portion 55 fixed to the holdingportion 25, aprotrusion 56 which is provided on the distal side of thebody portion 55 and which protrudes to cover theback portion 53 of theprobe 27, and acutout 57 which is made to expose thetreatment portion 52 and theside portions 54 of theprobe 27 to the external. Thissheath 28 is made of an electrically conductive material such that the high-frequency electric current can be passed therethrough. - As shown in
FIG. 7A andFIG. 8 , thecutout 57 is formed obliquely to the extending direction of theprobe 27, more specifically, is obliquely formed so that a part on thetreatment portion 52 side of theprobe 27 is chipped off toward the distal direction of theprobe 27. To be more specific, thecutout 57 is formed to be curved convexly in a direction in which theback portion 53 of theprobe 27 is present when seen from a side direction, as shown inFIG. 8 . That is, thecutout 57 is oblique to the extending direction of theprobe 27 on the proximal direction D2 side of theprobe 27, but is in a direction substantially parallel to the extending direction of theprobe 27 on the distal direction D1 side of theprobe 27. As shown inFIG. 7A , in the present embodiment, the position of the distal end of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 corresponds to the position of the distal end of theprobe 27. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , thesheath 28 is electrically connected to asecond plug 58 provided in the holdingportion 25. Thesecond plug 58 is electrically connected to one end of the other secondelectric wiring line 48 b of the two second electric wiring lines 48. The other end of this secondelectric wiring line 48 b is electrically connected to the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47 of theelectric supply unit 37. As a result, thesheath 28 becomes the other pole of the bipolar electrode to conduct the bipolar treatment. In the present embodiment, the secondelectric wiring line 48 b is electrically connected to a positive pole of the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47. Thus, thesheath 28 constitutes an active electrode in the bipolar treatment. - As shown in
FIG. 4 andFIG. 7A , the first insulatingmember 32 and the second insulatingmember 33 are attached to thesheath 28, or thesheath 28 is coated with the first insulatingmember 32 and the second insulatingmember 33. The first insulatingmember 32 and the second insulatingmember 33 are, for example, insulating tubes made of a synthetic resin material or coating films coated with an insulating member. In the present embodiment, the first insulatingmember 32 covers the inner peripheral surface of thesheath 28, and the second insulatingmember 33 covers the outer peripheral surface of thesheath 28. Consequently, thesheath 28 is in a state where anend face 56 a of theprotrusion 56 alone is exposed to the external. Thus, the end face 56 a of theprotrusion 56 as a partial region on the distal side of thesheath 28 functions as the other pole in the bipolar electrode. The high-frequency electric current then flows to the distal portion of theprobe 27 from the end face 56 a of theprotrusion 56 to enable the bipolar treatment. In other words, the end face 56 a of theprotrusion 56 functions as the active electrode, and the distal portion of theprobe 27 functions as the return electrode. In this way, the first insulatingmember 32 and the second insulatingmember 33 as the insulating members expose the partial region on the distal side of thesheath 28 alone to the external and cover other regions, whereby the bipolar treatment can be conducted between the partial region on the distal side of thesheath 28 and the distal portion of theprobe 27. - As shown in
FIG. 7B , a distal end face 56 aa of the end face 56 a alone may be exposed to the outside, and a side end face 56 ab may be covered with the first insulatingmember 32 or the second insulatingmember 33. According to this structure, the high-frequency electric current can be concentrated in the distal end face 56 aa during the bipolar treatment. This permits a treatment such as coagulation or blood stanching conducted by use of the bipolar treatment to be completed in a short time. - As shown in
FIG. 5 andFIG. 6 , theseal member 34 is disposed at the position of a node of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted to theprobe 27, and is provided for the purpose of blocking any liquid from entering the proximal side of theprobe 27. As shown inFIG. 5 , theseal member 34 is ring-shaped by a rubber-like elastic resin (elastic body). As indicated by a solid line inFIG. 6 , theseal member 34 becomes greater in thickness dimension in the radial direction of theprobe 27 as theseal member 34 comes closer to the proximal direction D2 of theprobe 27 in a state before theseal member 34 is put into thesheath 28. On the other hand, as indicated by a two-dot chain line inFIG. 6 , theseal member 34 is compressed into a ring shape having a flat section in a state after theseal member 34 is put into thesheath 28. Thus, in the present embodiment, the pressure by which theseal member 34 is pressed to thesheath 28 and the first insulatingmember 32 is higher as theseal member 34 comes closer to the proximal side of theprobe 27. Therefore, theseal member 34 according to the present embodiment has a structure that does not permit any liquid from entering the proximal side of theprobe 27. - The
seal member 34 has anabutment surface 61 which abuts on the first insulatingmember 32, and aslot 62 recessed from theabutment surface 61 in a direction in which theprobe 27 is present. Theslot 62 is provided at a substantially intermediate position in the extending direction of theprobe 27 in theseal member 34. Theslot 62 is formed to keep a predetermined space between the first insulatingmember 32 and theslot 62, and can retain therein a liquid which enters the space between the first insulatingmember 32 and theabutment surface 61. This prevents the liquid from entering the proximal side of theprobe 27 from theseal member 34. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , theelectric supply unit 37 has the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45, the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47, and anenergy controller 63 which controls the above. Theenergy controller 63 can control the supply of an ultrasonic generating electric current from the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45 and the supply of the high-frequency electric current from the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47. When the firstenergy input buttons 35 are operated by the surgeon, theenergy controller 63 supplies the ultrasonic generating electric current to thevibration generator 26 via the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45. As a result, ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to theprobe 27. When the secondenergy input button 38 is operated by the surgeon, theenergy controller 63 supplies the high-frequency electric current to thesheath 28 via the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47. - Next, functions of the treatment system 11 (an arthroscopic surgical method using the treatment system 11) according to the present embodiment are described with reference to
FIG. 9 andFIG. 10 . As shown inFIG. 1 , the surgeon inserts theinsertion portion 21 of thearthroscope 15 into thearticular cavity 23. In a state where the surgeon observes with thearthroscope 15, the surgeon inserts thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 of thetreatment instrument 14 into thearticular cavity 23. In this instance, theprobe 27 which is ultrasonically vibrated can be used to remove a part of anarticular capsule 23A around thearticular cavity 23. Thus, thesame probe 27 as that in a later-described treatment of thefirst bone 12 can be used, and it is not necessary to replace thetreatment instrument 14. Before the treatment with thetreatment instrument 14, thearticular cavity 23 is filled with an arthroscopic perfusate comprising a lactate Ringer solution or an electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 are inserted between thefirst bone 12, and thesecond bone 13 facing thefirst bone 12. As shown inFIG. 9 , thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment targetfirst bone 12, and the surgeon operates the firstenergy input buttons 35, whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to theprobe 27. Consequently, theprobe 27 and thetreatment portion 52 at its distal end ultrasonically vibrate. The surgeon can conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment targetfirst bone 12 with the ultrasonically vibratingprobe 27 while finely adjusting the positions and angles of thesheath 28 and the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52). This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in thefirst bone 12 or tissues around thefirst bone 12. - In the case where a tissue including blood vessels (e.g. the
first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues) bleeds when the surgeon treats this tissue, the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed. When conducting the blood stanching treatment, the surgeon brings the end face 56 a of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 into abutment with a bleeding tissue T (e.g. thefirst bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown inFIG. 10 . In this state, if the surgeon operates the secondenergy input button 38, the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the end face of the end face 56 a of thesheath 28, and this bleeding tissue can be cauterized. In the present embodiment, the high-frequency electric current concentrates because the end face 56 a of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 alone is not covered with the first insulatingmember 32 and the second insulatingmember 33, so that the blood stanching treatment can be conducted for this bleeding tissue without any problem even under an environment filled with the electricallyconductive liquid 64. - In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face 56 a of the
protrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is collected by theprobe 27 via the bones and the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling in thearticular cavity 23. The high-frequency electric current collected by theprobe 27 is returned to the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47. - In this way, the surgeon can use the
same treatment instrument 14 to conduct the treatment to remove a tissue such as a bone and the blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding. Thus, there is no time loss from the bleeding to the actual blood stanching treatment, and there is no situation where the surgeon loses sight of the bleeding part. - After the completion of the blood stanching, the surgeon can again remove undesirable parts of the
first bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 as needed. - According to the first embodiment, a treatment instrument which is used under an environment filled with an electrically conductive liquid comprises a probe which has a distal portion to chip a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration and which allows the distal portion to function as one pole in a bipolar electrode, a hollow sheath which surrounds the probe, and an insulating member which covers the sheath except for a partial region on the distal side of the sheath so that the partial region functions as the other pole in the bipolar electrode.
- According to this structure, one
treatment instrument 14 enables both a treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone and a blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding in a tissue such as a bone. Therefore, as compared to the case where a treatment instrument for a treatment to chip bones is different from a treatment instrument for blood stanching, there is no need for work to replace the treatment instruments at the time of bleeding, and blood stanching work can be smoothly done. The surgeon does not lose sight of the bleeding part in the process of replacing the treatment instruments, and the part to which the high-frequency electric current is applied can be reduced to reduce damage caused to the tissues of a patient. Even in the case of bleeding, blood can be quickly stanched to reduce the total bleeding amount, and the psychological burden of the surgeon can be reduced. Surgery time can also be reduced. - The above insulating member comprises a first insulating member which covers the inner peripheral surface of the sheath, and a second insulating member which covers the outer peripheral surface of the sheath. This permits the
sheath 28 to supply the high-frequency electric current from its end face (distal end face) to the bone. It is therefore possible to reduce the area of a part in which thesheath 28 is exposed, and increase the density of the high-frequency electric current to be input to a tissue such as a bone. This enables a satisfactory blood stanching capability even under the electricallyconductive liquid 64. - Consequently, it is possible to provide the
treatment instrument 14 which is easily used by the surgeon and which lessens the burden for the patient as well. - In this case, the
probe 27 comprises theback portion 53 provided on the side opposite to thetreatment portion 52, and theside portions 54 provided at the positions between thetreatment portion 52 and theback portion 53. Thesheath 28 has theprotrusion 56 which protrudes to cover theback portion 53, and thecutout 57 which is made to expose thetreatment portion 52 and theside portions 54 of theprobe 27. - According to this configuration, when the treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with the
probe 27 is conducted, thesheath 28 does not interfere with this treatment. Thesheath 28 is cut out on thetreatment portion 52 side and theside portions 54 side of theprobe 27. This allows the height dimension of thesheath 28 to be a substantially half height (i.e. a height between theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 and the probe 27) on the distal side of thesheath 28. Thus, thetreatment instrument 14 can access even narrow places inside tissues, so that it is possible to improve the convenience of the surgeon and reduce surgery time. - The ring-shaped
seal member 34 is provided to intervene between theprobe 27 and the first insulatingmember 32 and block the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of theprobe 27. According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the liquid 64 from entering the proximal direction D2 side of theprobe 27, and prevent the increase of a load applied when theprobe 27 is ultrasonically vibrated. This can prevent thetreatment instrument 14 from being broken by immersion into water. Theseal member 34 can prevent direct contact between theprobe 27 and the first insulatingmember 32. This can prevent the first insulatingmember 32 from being broken when ultrasonic vibration is output by theprobe 27. - The
seal member 34 has rubber-like elasticity, and becomes greater in thickness dimension in the radial direction of theprobe 27 as theseal member 34 comes closer to the proximal side of theprobe 27. According to this configuration, it is possible to improve the performance of putting in theprobe 27 when theprobe 27 covered with theseal member 34 is put into thehollow sheath 28. Theseal member 34 is brought into closer contact with thesheath 28 and the first insulatingmember 32 by higher pressure as theseal member 34 comes closer to the proximal side of theprobe 27, which enables a structure that does not permit the entry of the liquid 64 as theseal member 34 comes closer to the proximal direction D2 side of theprobe 27. This can further improve the reliability of thetreatment instrument 14. - The
probe 27 collects the above high-frequency electric current applied to the aforementioned bone. According to this configuration, thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 can be the two poles of the bipolar, and the high-frequency electric current can be concentrated around thesheath 28 and theprobe 27. This makes it possible to reduce the time required for the blood stanching treatment, and reduce the output of the high-frequency electric current necessary for blood stanching to reduce the apparatus in size. - Next, a first modification of the treatment system according to the first embodiment is described with reference to
FIG. 11 . The first modification is different from the first embodiment in the shape of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28, but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The
sheath 28 has the circularlycylindrical body portion 55 fixed to the holdingportion 25, theprotrusion 56 which is provided on the distal direction D1 side of thebody portion 55 and which protrudes to cover theback portion 53 of theprobe 27, and thecutout 57 which is made to expose thetreatment portion 52 and theside portions 54 of theprobe 27 to the external. - In the present modification, the
cutout 57 is obliquely formed. More specifically, thecutout 57 is obliquely formed so that an angle θ formed by an angular portion located at the intersection of a plane A defined by thecutout 57 and a tangent B to the outer peripheral surface of the second insulatingmember 33 is an obtuse angle. - According to the present modification, the plane A defined by the
cutout 57 is oblique to a radial direction R of theprobe 27 so that the area of the end face of thesheath 28 exposed from the space between the first insulatingmember 32 and the second insulatingmember 33 increases. According to this configuration, it is possible to apply the high-frequency electric current to a tissue such as a bone via the exposed portion of thesheath 28 increased in area when the bone is bleeding. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon. - Next, a second modification of the treatment system according to the first embodiment is described with reference to
FIG. 12 . The second modification is different from the first embodiment in parts of the shape of thesheath 28, but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The
sheath 28 has the circularlycylindrical body portion 55 fixed to the holdingportion 25, asmall diameter portion 65 provided on the distal side of thebody portion 55, and anarrow portion 66 which links thebody portion 55 and thesmall diameter portion 65. The diameter of thesmall diameter portion 65 is smaller than the diameter of thebody portion 55. It is preferable that the diameter of thesmall diameter portion 65 be suitably set within the range of half to ⅔ of the diameter of thebody portion 55. - The
small diameter portion 65 has theprotrusion 56 which protrudes to cover theback portion 53 of theprobe 27, and thecutout 57 which is made to expose thetreatment portion 52 and theside portions 54 of theprobe 27 to the external. The shapes of theprotrusion 56 and thecutout 57 are similar to those in the first embodiment. - According to the second modification, the
sheath 28 has thesmall diameter portion 65 which is provided on the distal direction D1 side and which is smaller in diameter than the part on the proximal direction D2 side, and theprotrusion 56 and thecutout 57 are provided in thissmall diameter portion 65. According to this configuration, the height dimension in the distal portion of the sheath 28 (the height dimension between theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 and the probe 27) can be smaller than in the first embodiment. Consequently, approachability of even narrow parts of tissues is improved, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced. - Next, a third modification of the treatment system according to the first embodiment is described with reference to
FIG. 13 . The third modification is different from the first embodiment in parts of the shape of theseal member 34, but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The
seal member 34 is disposed at the node position of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted to theprobe 27. Theseal member 34 is ring-shaped by a rubber-like elastic resin (elastic body). Theseal member 34 has theabutment surface 61 which abuts on the first insulatingmember 32, theslot 62 recessed from theabutment surface 61 to extend obliquely to the extending direction of theprobe 27, and a sealingpiece 67 which is provided at a position between theslot 62 and the first insulatingmember 32 and which defines part of the periphery of theslot 62. Theslot 62 is provided at a substantially intermediate position in an extending direction L of theprobe 27 in theseal member 34. Theslot 62 is oblique to a direction to be closer to the central axis C of theprobe 27 as theslot 62 comes closer to the proximal direction D2 side of theprobe 27. - The sealing
piece 67 forms an acute angle. The sealingpiece 67 is pleat-shaped, and is pressed to the first insulatingmember 32 by pressure P which is part of the pressure of the liquid 64 that enters theslot 62. In this way, the sealingpiece 67 acts like a valve to prevent the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of theprobe 27. - According to the third modification, the sealing
piece 67 is provided, so that even when thetreatment system 11 is used in the liquid 64, it is possible to prevent the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of theprobe 27. This can prevent the increase of a load causing a failure of thetreatment instrument 14 when the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to theprobe 27. - Next, a fourth modification of the treatment system according to the first embodiment is described with reference to
FIG. 14 . The first modification is different from the first embodiment in parts of the shape of theseal member 34, but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The
seal member 34 is disposed at the position of the node of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted to theprobe 27. Theseal member 34 is ring-shaped by a rubber-like elastic resin (elastic body). Theseal member 34 has theabutment surface 61 which abuts on the first insulatingmember 32, theslot 62 which is recessed from theabutment surface 61 and which helically extends around theprobe 27, and awall portion 68 which closes an end of thehelical slot 62 on the proximal side of theprobe 27. - According to the present modification, the
slot 62 is helical, so that the volume of theslot 62 can be greater than the volume of theslot 62 in the first embodiment. Thus, theslot 62 can retain therein a greater amount of the liquid 64 than in the first embodiment even when the liquid 64 enters the space between the first insulatingmember 32 and theabutment surface 61. In addition, thewall portion 68 is provided, and therefore prevents the liquid 64 in theslot 62 from entering the proximal direction D2 side of theprobe 27. This prevents the liquid 64 from entering the proximal side of theprobe 27 and thus causing a failure of thetreatment instrument 14. - A
treatment system 11 according to a second embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 15 toFIG. 17 . Thetreatment system 11 according to the second embodiment is different from that according to the first embodiment in that asecond cutout 71 is provided in the second insulatingmember 33, but is the same in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The
treatment instrument 14 comprises the holdingportion 25 which constitutes the outer envelope, the vibration generator 26 (transducer) housed in the holdingportion 25, the rod-shapedprobe 27 connected to thevibration generator 26, the hollow (circular cylindrical)sheath 28 which covers the periphery of theprobe 27 to protect theprobe 27, the knob 31 (rotational knob) rotatably fixed to the holdingportion 25, the first insulatingmember 32 which covers the inner peripheral surface of thesheath 28, the second insulatingmember 33 which covers the outer peripheral surface of thesheath 28, theseal member 34 provided between theprobe 27 and the first insulatingmember 32, and theenergy input buttons portion 25. - As shown in
FIG. 15 , the second insulatingmember 33 has thesecond cutout 71. Thesecond cutout 71 exposes the outer peripheral surface of the distal portion of thesheath 28 in a belt shape in a direction that intersects with the extending direction L of thesheath 28. - Next, functions of the treatment system 11 (the arthroscopic surgical method using the treatment system 11) according to the present embodiment are described with reference to
FIG. 16 andFIG. 17 . - As in a state shown in
FIG. 1 , the surgeon inserts theinsertion portion 21 of thearthroscope 15 into thearticular cavity 23. In a state where the surgeon observes with thearthroscope 15, the surgeon inserts thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 of thetreatment instrument 14 into thearticular cavity 23. Before the treatment with thetreatment instrument 14, thearticular cavity 23 is filled with the arthroscopic perfusate comprising the lactate Ringer solution or the electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method. - As in the state shown in
FIG. 1 , thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 are inserted between thefirst bone 12, and thesecond bone 13 facing thefirst bone 12. As shown inFIG. 16 , thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment targetfirst bone 12, and the surgeon operates the firstenergy input buttons 35, whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to theprobe 27. Consequently, theprobe 27 ultrasonically vibrates, and the surgeon finely adjusts the position and angle of the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52) and can thus conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment targetfirst bone 12. This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in thefirst bone 12 or tissues around thefirst bone 12. - In the case where a tissue including blood vessels (e.g. the
first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues) bleeds when the surgeon treats this tissue, the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed. When conducting the blood stanching treatment, the surgeon can rotate the angle of thesheath 28 around the central axis C by rotating the holdingportion 25 around the central axis C. The surgeon then brings a part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71 into abutment with the bleeding tissue T (e.g. thefirst bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown inFIG. 17 . In this state, if the surgeon operates the secondenergy input button 38, the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71, and this bleeding tissue T can be cauterized. This permits the blood from the bleeding tissue T to be stanched. In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is collected by theprobe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and thearticular cavity 23. - In this way, the surgeon can use the
same treatment instrument 14 to conduct the treatment to remove a tissue such as a bone and the blood stanching treatment in the case of bleeding. Thus, there is no time loss from the bleeding to the actual blood stanching treatment, and there is no situation where the surgeon loses sight of the bleeding part. - After the completion of the blood stanching, the surgeon can again rotate the angle of the
sheath 28 around the central axis C as needed, and remove undesirable parts of thefirst bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27. - According to the present embodiment, the second insulating
member 33 has thesecond cutout 71 which exposes part of the outer peripheral surface of thesheath 28. According to this configuration, thesecond cutout 71 allows the outer peripheral surface of thesheath 28 to easily abut on a bone and its surrounding tissues. Consequently, the surgeon can smoothly conduct the blood stanching treatment, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced. Moreover, the blood stanching treatment can be efficiently conducted owing to the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71, so that the total input amount of the high-frequency electric current can be reduced to minimize damage caused to the tissues of the patient. - Next, a modification of the
treatment system 11 according to the second embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 18 . The first modification is different from the first embodiment in the shape of thesecond cutout 71, but is the same as the first embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the first embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The second insulating
member 33 has thesecond cutout 71. Thesecond cutout 71 is substantially semicircular (substantially semielliptic). In other words, thesecond cutout 71 is arc-shaped. That is, thesecond cutout 71 can expose the outer peripheral surface of the distal portion of thesheath 28 in the substantially semicircular shape or arc-shape. In the present modification, the area of thesecond cutout 71 is smaller than in the second embodiment. Thus, the density of the high-frequency electric current applied to the tissue in the bleeding part is higher. - According to the present embodiment, the
second cutout 71 is substantially semicircular. According to this configuration, the area of the part that exposes the outer peripheral surface of thesheath 28 can be minimized. Therefore, the density of the high-frequency electric current that can be applied to bones can be higher, and the surgeon can more smoothly conduct the blood stanching treatment. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon, and reduce surgery time. Moreover, the blood stanching treatment can be efficiently conducted owing to the high-density high-frequency electric current, so that the total input amount of the high-frequency electric current can be reduced to minimize damage caused to the tissues of the patient. - A
treatment system 11 according to a third embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 19 toFIG. 21 . Thetreatment system 11 according to the third embodiment is different from that according to the second embodiment in that the distal portion of theprobe 27 protrudes more than the distal end of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28, but is the same as the second embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the second embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the second embodiment are neither shown nor described. - In the present embodiment, the shape of the
probe 27 and the shape of thesheath 28 are similar to those in the second embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 19 , the distal portion of theprobe 27 protrudes more than the distal end of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 in the extending direction L of theprobe 27. - Next, functions of the treatment system 11 (the arthroscopic surgical method using the treatment system 11) according to the present embodiment are described with reference to
FIG. 20 andFIG. 21 . - The insertion method of the
arthroscope 15 and thetreatment instrument 14, and the method of filling thearticular cavity 23 with the electrically conductive liquid 64 are similar to those in the second embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 20 , thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment targetfirst bone 12, and the surgeon operates the firstenergy input buttons 35, whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to theprobe 27. Consequently, theprobe 27 ultrasonically vibrates, and the surgeon finely adjusts the position and angle of the ultrasonically vibrating probe 27 (the treatment portion 52) and can thus conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment targetfirst bone 12. This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in thefirst bone 12 or tissues around thefirst bone 12. In this instance, if theprobe 27 protrudes more than thesheath 28 as in the present embodiment, thesheath 28 does not interfere during the treatment, and the undesirable parts of thefirst bone 12 are easily removed. - In the case where a tissue including blood vessels (e.g. the
first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues) bleeds when the surgeon treats this tissue, the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed. When conducting the blood stanching treatment, the surgeon can rotate the angle of thesheath 28 around the central axis C by rotating the holdingportion 25 around the central axis C. The surgeon then brings the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71 into abutment with the bleeding tissue T (e.g. thefirst bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown inFIG. 21 . In this state, if the surgeon operates the secondenergy input button 38, the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71, and this bleeding tissue can be cauterized. This permits the blood from the bleeding tissue T to be stanched. In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is collected by theprobe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and thearticular cavity 23. - According to the present embodiment, the distal portion of the
probe 27 protrudes more than the distal end of thesheath 28. Thus, when the surgeon, for example, removes undesirable parts of a bone by the ultrasonic vibration of theprobe 27, thesheath 28 does not interfere, and the treatment can be more easily conducted. Moreover, the visibility of theprobe 27 can be satisfactory when a treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with theprobe 27 is conducted. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon when a treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with theprobe 27 is conducted. - A
treatment system 11 according to a fourth embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 22 toFIG. 24 . Thetreatment system 11 according to the fourth embodiment is different from that according to the second embodiment in that the distal end of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 protrudes more than the distal portion of theprobe 27, but is the same as the second embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the second embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the second embodiment are neither shown nor described. - In the present embodiment, the shape of the
probe 27 and the shape of thesheath 28 are similar to those in the second embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 22 , the distal end of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 protrudes more than the distal portion of theprobe 27 in the extending direction L of theprobe 27. - Next, functions of the treatment system 11 (the arthroscopic surgical method using the treatment system 11) according to the present embodiment are described with reference to
FIG. 23 andFIG. 24 . - The insertion method of the
arthroscope 15 and thetreatment instrument 14, and the method of filling thearticular cavity 23 with the electrically conductive liquid 64 are similar to those in the second embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 23 , thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 is brought into abutment with the treatment targetfirst bone 12, and the surgeon operates the firstenergy input buttons 35, whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to theprobe 27. Consequently, theprobe 27 ultrasonically vibrates, and the surgeon finely adjusts the position and angle of the ultrasonically vibrating probe 27 (the treatment portion 52) and can thus conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment targetfirst bone 12. This treatment includes various treatments to, for example, remove undesirable bone spurs present in thefirst bone 12 or tissues around thefirst bone 12. - In the case where a tissue including blood vessels (e.g. the
first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues) bleeds when the surgeon treats this tissue, the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed. When conducting the blood stanching treatment, the surgeon can rotate the angle of thesheath 28 around the central axis C by rotating the holding portion around the central axis C. The surgeon then brings the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71 into abutment with the bleeding tissue T (e.g. thefirst bone 12 and its surrounding tissues), as shown inFIG. 24 . In this state, if the surgeon operates the secondenergy input button 38, the high-frequency electric current is supplied from the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71, and this bleeding tissue T can be cauterized. This permits the blood from the bleeding tissue to be stanched. In this instance, if thesheath 28 protrudes more than theprobe 27 as in the present embodiment, the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71 is easily pressed to the bleeding part, and the blood stanching treatment can be more easily conducted. In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is collected by theprobe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and thearticular cavity 23. - According to the present embodiment, the distal end of the
sheath 28 protrudes more than the distal end of theprobe 27. According to this configuration, even in the case of bleeding when the treatment to chip a tissue such as a bone with theprobe 27 is conducted, the work of pressing the part of thesheath 28 exposed by thesecond cutout 71 to the bleeding part can be more easily done. Consequently, the blood stanching work can be quickly done, and the convenience of the surgeon can be improved. - A
treatment system 11 according to a fifth embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 25 toFIG. 29 . Thetreatment system 11 according to the fifth embodiment is different from that according to the second embodiment in the shape of thecutout 57 of thesheath 28, but is the same as the second embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the second embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the second embodiment are neither shown nor described. - As shown in
FIG. 25 andFIG. 26 , thecutout 57 has portions where inclinations to the central axis C are different from each other. That is, thecutout 57 hasfirst portions 57A inclined to the central axis C, and asecond portion 57B where inclination to the central axis C is smaller than in thefirst portions 57A. More specifically, thecutout 57 includes thefirst portion 57A on the distal direction D1 side, and thefirst portion 57A on the proximal direction D2 side. Thesecond portion 57B intervenes between the twofirst portions 57A. The dimensions of thesecond portion 57B are larger than the dimensions of thefirst portion 57A. Thecutout 57 is provided more on the distal direction D1 side than a node position located closest to the distal direction D1 side of the ultrasonic vibration transmitted in the probe 27 (theseal member 34 provided at the node position). - As shown in
FIG. 26 , each of the twofirst portions 57A and thesecond portion 57B is linearly formed. A relation of an angle θ1>an angle θ2 is satisfied, wherein θ1 is an angle formed between thefirst portions 57A and the central axis C, and θ2 is an angle formed between the second portion and the central axis C. The angle formed between thefirst portion 57A on the distal direction D1 side and the central axis C is formed to be substantially the same as or slightly different from the angle formed between thefirst portion 57A on the proximal direction D2 side and the central axis C. - In the present embodiment, the angle formed between the
second portion 57B and the central axis C is smaller, so that the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of the protrusion 56 (the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of theprotrusion 56 with regard to a plane that intersects with the central axis C) remain relatively large and great in the vicinity of thesecond portion 57B. - An arc-shaped (R-shaped)
distal boundary portion 80 is provided between thefirst portion 57A on the distal direction D1 side and aportion 90 of theprotrusion 56 exposed to the outside. An arc-shaped (R-shaped)first boundary portion 81 is provided between thefirst portion 57A on the distal direction D1 side and thesecond portion 57B. An arc-shaped (R-shaped)second boundary portion 82 is provided between thefirst portion 57A on the proximal direction D2 side and thesecond portion 57B. - As shown in
FIG. 27 andFIG. 28 , in a direction W that intersects with the central axis C, a width dimension W1 of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is smaller than a width dimension W2 of theprobe 27. In other words, when seen from thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27, theprotrusion 56 is provided to be located within the range of a projected figure of theprobe 27. - Next, functions of the treatment system 11 (an arthroscopic surgical method using the treatment system 11) according to the present embodiment are described with reference to
FIG. 25 ,FIG. 29 , and others. As shown inFIG. 1 , the surgeon inserts theinsertion portion 21 of thearthroscope 15 into thearticular cavity 23. In a state where the surgeon observes with thearthroscope 15, the surgeon inserts thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 of thetreatment instrument 14 into thearticular cavity 23. Thearticular cavity 23 is filled with the arthroscopic perfusate comprising the lactate Ringer solution or the electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 are inserted between thefirst bone 12, and thesecond bone 13 facing thefirst bone 12. Thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 is then brought into abutment with the treatment targetfirst bone 12, and the surgeon operates the firstenergy input buttons 35, whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to theprobe 27. Consequently, theprobe 27 and thetreatment portion 52 at its distal end ultrasonically vibrate. The surgeon can conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment targetfirst bone 12 with the ultrasonically vibratingprobe 27 while finely adjusting the positions and angles of thesheath 28 and the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52). - In the present embodiment, as shown in
FIG. 27 andFIG. 28 , in the direction W (width direction) that intersects with the central axis C, the width dimension W1 of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is smaller than the width dimension W2 of theprobe 27. Thus, as shown inFIG. 29 , in a treatment, theprobe 27 is not hidden in the shadow of thesheath 28 in a field of view obtained by theendoscope apparatus 16, and the visibility of theprobe 27 is improved. - In the case where a tissue including blood vessels (e.g. the
first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues) bleeds when the surgeon treats this tissue, the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed. When conducting the blood stanching treatment, the surgeon presses theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 to the bleeding tissue (e.g. thefirst bone 12 and its surrounding tissues). In this state, if the surgeon operates the secondenergy input button 38, the high-frequency electric current is supplied from theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28, and this bleeding tissue can be cauterized. - In this instance, the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of the
protrusion 56 with regard to the plane that intersects with the central axis C remain relatively large and great in the vicinity of thesecond portion 57B. Thus, even in the case where a load is applied to theprotrusion 56 in a direction that intersects with the central axis C when theprotrusion 56 is pressed to a tissue as indicated by an arrow P inFIG. 25 , strain caused in theprotrusion 56 can be reduced. This prevents a risk of contact between theprobe 27 and thesheath 28 leading to a short circuit. - Each boundary portion is arc-shaped, so that in the present embodiment, stress is dispersed around along the arc in each boundary portion in which stress tends to concentrate. Moreover, in the present embodiment, even under an environment in which the high-frequency electric current concentrates in the
protrusion 56 of thesheath 28 and which is filled with the electricallyconductive liquid 64, the blood stanching treatment can be conducted for this bleeding tissue without any problem. - In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the end face 56 a of the
protrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is collected by theprobe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and thearticular cavity 23. The high-frequency electric current collected by theprobe 27 is returned to the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47. - After the completion of the blood stanching, the surgeon can again remove undesirable parts of the
first bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 as needed. - According to the present embodiment, the
treatment instrument 14 is used under an environment filled with the electrically conductive liquid, and comprises thetreatment portion 52 which treats a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration, theback portion 53 provided on the side opposite to thetreatment portion 52, thehollow sheath 28 which has theprotrusion 56 to constitute the other pole in the aforementioned bipolar treatment and which surrounds theprobe 27, and thecutout 57 which is provided in thesheath 28 to expose thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 and which has the portions different from each other in inclination to the central axis C of theprobe 27. - According to this configuration, the portions different from each other in inclination are provided in the
cutout 57, so that between these portions, more than one boundary portion can be provided. This permits the stress concentrating in the boundary portions to be dispersed to more than one place. Thus, even when a heavy load is put on theprotrusion 56, breakage or considerable bending of theprotrusion 56 can be prevented. This can prevent a trouble in which theprotrusion 56 and theprobe 27 that are the two poles of the bipolar treatment contact and then cause a short circuit. - In this case, the boundary between the two adjacent portions is arc-shaped. According to this configuration, stress can be dispersed around along the arc in the boundary portion in which stress tends to concentrate. This permits higher rigidity against bending in the
protrusion 56. Thus, even when a heavy load is put on theprotrusion 56, the risk of breakage or bending of theprotrusion 56 in the boundary portions can be prevented. - The aforementioned portions include the
first portions 57A inclined to the central axis C, and thesecond portion 57B which is smaller in inclination to the central axis C than thefirst portions 57A and which has dimensions larger than the dimensions of thefirst portions 57A and which intervenes between thefirst portions 57A. According to this configuration, thesecond portion 57B smaller in inclination can have a long dimension, and the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia of the protrusion 56 (the sectional area and geometrical moment of inertia in a direction that intersects with a longitudinal direction of the sheath 28) can remain relatively large and great in the vicinity of thesecond portion 57B. Thus, even when a load is applied to theprotrusion 56, considerable strain in theprotrusion 56 can be prevented. - According to the present embodiment, the
treatment instrument 14 comprises theprobe 27 having thetreatment portion 52 which treats a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration and theback portion 53 provided on the side opposite to thetreatment portion 52, thehollow sheath 28 which surrounds theprobe 27 and which has thecutout 57 made to expose thetreatment portion 52, and theprotrusion 56 which is provided in thesheath 28 to cover theback portion 53 on the side opposite to thecutout 57 and which has dimensions smaller than the dimensions of theprobe 27 in the direction that intersects with the central axis C of theprobe 27. - According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the
probe 27 may be hidden in the shadow of theprotrusion 56 in a treatment, and improve the convenience of the surgeon and thus reduce surgery time. This can reduce a burden on the patient during surgery. - According to this configuration, when the
protrusion 56 is pressed to the treatment target part to conduct the bipolar treatment, the contact between the treatment target part and theprotrusion 56 can be surface contact via an arc-shapedportion 84. Thus, a large contact area between theprotrusion 56 and the treatment target part is secured so that the high-frequency electric current can efficiently flow to the treatment target part. Consequently, the bipolar treatment can be completed in a short time. - The
treatment system 11 according to the fifth embodiment can be modified as shown inFIG. 30 . In this modification, theprotrusion 56 is located closer to theback portion 53 side of theprobe 27 than a tangent to acurved surface 85 on the boundary between theback portion 53 and theside portions 54 of theprobe 27. Thus, theprobe 27 is not hidden in the shadow of theprotrusion 56 when a bone or the like is treated by ultrasonic vibration, and the visibility of theprobe 27 can be further improved. - A
treatment system 11 according to a sixth embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 31 andFIG. 32 . Thetreatment system 11 according to the sixth embodiment is different from that according to the fifth embodiment in the shape and others of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28, but is the same as the fifth embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the fifth embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The
protrusion 56 of thesheath 28 has a flat shape. Theprotrusion 56 is flatly provided along theprobe 27, and provided at a position close to theprobe 27. A slight clearance D is provided between theprotrusion 56 and theprobe 27. An added height H in which the height of theprobe 27 and the height of theprotrusion 56 are added together is reduced compared to the other embodiments. Thus, as shown inFIG. 32 , it is possible to more easily approach a narrow space in a living body, and, for example, chip thefirst bone 12 by use of ultrasonic vibration or treat thefirst bone 12 with the high-frequency electric current in a small space. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon. - A
treatment system 11 according to a seventh embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 33 toFIG. 35 . Thetreatment system 11 according to the seventh embodiment is different from that according to the fifth embodiment in the shape and others of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28, but is the same as the fifth embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the fifth embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are neither shown nor described. - The
protrusion 56 is bent in a hook shape toward theprobe 27. More specifically, theprotrusion 56 has a projectingportion 83 projecting toward theprobe 27, and an arc-shapedportion 84 which connects thebody portion 55 side of thesheath 28 to the projectingportion 83. Theprotrusion 56 is formed by bending processing of the distal end of thesheath 28. The outer side of theprotrusion 56 is exposed to the external. The inner side of theprotrusion 56 is covered with the first insulatingmember 32. The projectingportion 83 extends, for example, in a direction that intersects with the central axis C. - As shown in
FIG. 34 , in the direction that intersects with the central axis C, the width dimension W1 of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is smaller than the width dimension W2 of theprobe 27. - Next, functions of the treatment system 11 (an arthroscopic surgical method using the treatment system 11) according to the present embodiment are described with reference to
FIG. 33 toFIG. 35 and others. As shown inFIG. 1 , the surgeon inserts theinsertion portion 21 of thearthroscope 15 into thearticular cavity 23. In a state where the surgeon observes with thearthroscope 15, the surgeon inserts thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 of thetreatment instrument 14 into thearticular cavity 23. Thearticular cavity 23 is filled with the arthroscopic perfusate comprising the lactate Ringer solution or the electrically conductive liquid 64 (electrolytic liquid) such as physiological saline by a known method. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , thesheath 28 and theprobe 27 are inserted between thefirst bone 12, and thesecond bone 13 facing thefirst bone 12. Thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 is then brought into abutment with the treatment targetfirst bone 12, and the surgeon operates the firstenergy input buttons 35, whereby ultrasonic vibration can be applied to theprobe 27. Consequently, theprobe 27 and thetreatment portion 52 at its distal end ultrasonically vibrate. The surgeon can conduct a treatment to, for example, chip undesirable parts of the treatment targetfirst bone 12 with the ultrasonically vibratingprobe 27 while finely adjusting the positions and angles of thesheath 28 and the probe 27 (the treatment portion 52). - In the present embodiment, as shown in
FIG. 34 , in the direction (width direction) that intersects with the central axis C, the width dimension W1 of theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is smaller than the width dimension W2 of theprobe 27. Thus, in a treatment, theprobe 27 is not hidden in the shadow of thesheath 28 in a field of view obtained by theendoscope apparatus 16, and the visibility of theprobe 27 is improved. - In the case where a tissue including blood vessels (e.g. the
first bone 12 and its surrounding tissues) bleeds when the surgeon treats this tissue, the surgeon can conduct a blood stanching treatment as needed. When conducting the blood stanching treatment, the surgeon presses the arc-shapedportion 84 of theprotrusion 56 to the bleeding tissue T (e.g. thefirst bone 12 and its surrounding tissues). In this state, if the surgeon operates the secondenergy input button 38, the high-frequency electric current is supplied from theprotrusion 56 of thesheath 28, and this bleeding tissue T can be cauterized. - In this instance, the
protrusion 56 is put in contact with the tissue T via the arc-shapedportion 84, so that a large contact area of theprotrusion 56 and the tissue is secured. Thus, theprotrusion 56 does not come into point contact with the bleeding tissue T, but can come into surface contact with the bleeding tissue T, and can efficiently pass the high-frequency electric current to this tissue. Thus, the blood stanching treatment is completed in a short time. - In the present embodiment, even under an environment in which the high-frequency electric current concentrates in the
protrusion 56 of thesheath 28 and which is filled with the electricallyconductive liquid 64, the blood stanching treatment can be conducted for this bleeding tissue T without any problem. - In the meantime, the high-frequency electric current supplied from the
protrusion 56 of thesheath 28 is collected by theprobe 27 via the electrically conductive liquid 64 filling the bones and thearticular cavity 23. The high-frequency electric current collected by theprobe 27 is returned to the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47. - After the completion of the blood stanching, the surgeon can again remove undesirable parts of the
first bone 12 and their surrounding tissues with thetreatment portion 52 of theprobe 27 as needed. - According to the present embodiment, the
treatment instrument 14 which is used under an environment filled with the electrically conductive liquid comprises theprobe 27 having thetreatment portion 52 which treats a treatment target part by ultrasonic vibration and theback portion 53 provided on the side opposite to thetreatment portion 52, thehollow sheath 28 which surrounds theprobe 27 and which has thecutout 57 made to expose thetreatment portion 52, and theprotrusion 56 which is provided in thesheath 28 to cover theback portion 53 on the side opposite to thecutout 57 and which has dimensions smaller than the dimensions of theprobe 27 in the direction that intersects with the central axis C of theprobe 27. - According to this configuration, the visibility of the
probe 27 can be improved by the reduction of the dimensions of theprotrusion 56. This can improve the convenience of the surgeon, and thus reduce surgery time. This can reduce a burden on the patient. - The
probe 27 constitutes one pole in a bipolar treatment, and thesheath 28 constitutes the other pole in the bipolar treatment. Theprotrusion 56 has the projectingportion 83 projecting toward theprobe 27, and an arc-shapedportion 84 which connects thebody portion 55 side of thesheath 28 to the projectingportion 83. - According to this configuration, the
protrusion 56 can be brought into abutment with a treatment target part via the projectingportion 83 and the arc-shapedportion 84 in the bipolar treatment. This makes it possible to secure a large contact area between the treatment target part and theprotrusion 56. Consequently, the high-frequency electric current in the bipolar treatment can be efficiently passed to the treatment target part. Because theprotrusion 56 is brought into contact with the treatment target part via the arc-shapedportion 84, the installation angle of thesheath 28 is not limited, and the surgeon can conduct the bipolar treatment at a free angle. Consequently, according to the present embodiment, coagulation, blood stanching, or the like of the treatment target part can be performed in a short time, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced. - A
treatment system 11 according to an eighth embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 36 . Thetreatment system 11 according to the eighth embodiment is different from that according to the fifth embodiment in that the high-frequency electriccurrent supply 47 is not provided in theelectric supply unit 37, but the present embodiment is the same as the fifth embodiment in other parts. Therefore, parts different from those in the fifth embodiment are primarily described, and the same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are neither shown nor described. - As shown in
FIG. 36 , theelectric supply unit 37 has the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45, and theenergy controller 63 which controls the above. Theenergy controller 63 can control the supply of the ultrasonic generating electric current from the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45. When the firstenergy input buttons 35 are operated by the surgeon, theenergy controller 63 supplies a relatively high ultrasonic generating electric current to thevibration generator 26 via the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45. As a result, high-amplitude ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to theprobe 27. When the secondenergy input button 38 is operated by the surgeon, theenergy controller 63 supplies a relatively low high-frequency electric current to thevibration generator 26 via the ultrasonic electriccurrent supply 45. As a result, low-amplitude ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to theprobe 27. - Therefore, in the present embodiment, the
probe 27 is exclusively used in an ultrasonic treatment that uses ultrasonic vibration, and is not used in the bipolar treatment (high-frequency treatment). - In the present embodiment as well, the
protrusion 56 has dimensions smaller than the dimensions of theprobe 27 in the direction that intersects with the central axis C. Thus, the visibility of theprobe 27 is satisfactory, the convenience of the surgeon can be improved, and surgery time can be reduced. - The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and modifications may be suitably made without departing from the spirit thereof. That is, it is naturally possible to combine the
treatment systems 11 according to the respective embodiments described above into one treatment system. The position of the distal portion of theprobe 27 may be adjustable to the distal portion of thesheath 28 by the rotation of theknob 31 having a screw structure between theprobe 27 and theknob 31. That is, according to such a structure, it is possible to move back the position of the distal portion of theprobe 27 toward the proximal direction D2 side compared to the distal end of thesheath 28 by rotating theknob 31 clockwise around the central axis C of theprobe 27, for example, when seen from the distal direction of theprobe 27. In contrast, it is possible to move forward theprobe 27 toward the distal direction D1 side compared to the distal end of thesheath 28 by rotating theknob 31 counterclockwise around the central axis C of theprobe 27, for example, when seen from the distal direction of theprobe 27. That is, a mechanism to change the positional relation between the distal position of thesheath 28 and the distal position of theprobe 27 may be provided. According to such a structure, the surgeon can suitably adjust the position of theprobe 27 to thesheath 28 in accordance with the situation during surgery, and the convenience of the surgeon can be improved. - Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015-001838 | 2015-01-07 | ||
JP2015001838 | 2015-01-07 | ||
PCT/JP2015/071134 WO2016111031A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2015-07-24 | Treatment instrument and treatment system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2015/071134 Continuation WO2016111031A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2015-07-24 | Treatment instrument and treatment system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20170303993A1 true US20170303993A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
Family
ID=56355746
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/644,565 Abandoned US20170303955A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2017-07-07 | Treatment instrument and treatment system |
US15/644,604 Abandoned US20170303993A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2017-07-07 | Treatment instrument and treatment system |
US15/644,316 Expired - Fee Related US10617466B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2017-07-07 | Treatment instrument and treatment system |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/644,565 Abandoned US20170303955A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2017-07-07 | Treatment instrument and treatment system |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/644,316 Expired - Fee Related US10617466B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2017-07-07 | Treatment instrument and treatment system |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20170303955A1 (en) |
EP (3) | EP3243458A4 (en) |
JP (3) | JP6197130B2 (en) |
CN (3) | CN107106223B (en) |
WO (3) | WO2016111030A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220125460A1 (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-04-28 | Auris Health, Inc. | Ultrasonic surgical instrument with a shaft assembly and elongated waveguide support arrangement |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20230181209A1 (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2023-06-15 | The Johns Hopkins University | Mechanism for dicing cartilage |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020035364A1 (en) * | 1998-09-23 | 2002-03-21 | Arthur Schoenman | Electrosurgical device having a dielectric seal |
US20030084907A1 (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 2003-05-08 | Arthrocare Corporation | Systems and methods for electrosurgical dissection and harvesting of tissue |
US20030163131A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Manna Ronald R. | Ultrasonic medical treatment device for RF cauterization and related method |
US20040147945A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-07-29 | Gernod Fritzsch | Ultrasonic instrument |
US20080058803A1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | Kenichi Kimura | Surgical instrument and surgical instrument driving method |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE459711B (en) * | 1987-03-20 | 1989-07-31 | Swedemed Ab | EQUIPMENT FOR USE IN SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS TO DISPOSE TISSUE |
JP2959779B2 (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1999-10-06 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | Ultrasonic treatment equipment |
JPH06292685A (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1994-10-21 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Treating means electric operation |
JPH0795985A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-04-11 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Handpiece for surgical operation |
US5630813A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1997-05-20 | Kieturakis; Maciej J. | Electro-cauterizing dissector and method for facilitating breast implant procedure |
US5904681A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1999-05-18 | Hugh S. West, Jr. | Endoscopic surgical instrument with ability to selectively remove different tissue with mechanical and electrical energy |
EP0979635A2 (en) | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-16 | Origin Medsystems, Inc. | Tissue dissector apparatus |
US6293945B1 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-25 | Everest Medical Corporation | Electrosurgical instrument with suction capability |
DE10021529A1 (en) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-11-15 | Celon Ag Medical Instruments | Manually operated ultrasonic breaker for crushing or removing human or animal tissue |
US20030073987A1 (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-17 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Treating apparatus and treating device for treating living-body tissue |
JP2003126110A (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-05-07 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Ultrasonic treatment equipment |
JP3679747B2 (en) * | 2001-11-12 | 2005-08-03 | オリンパス株式会社 | Ultrasonic treatment device |
DE60312821T2 (en) * | 2002-02-12 | 2007-12-13 | Oratec Interventions, Inc., Memphis | RADIO FREQUENCY ABLATION DEVICE FOR ARTHROSCOPY |
JP2003116870A (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2003-04-22 | Miwatec:Kk | Ultrasonic hand piece and ultrasonic horn used for this |
JP2005152098A (en) | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Miwatec:Kk | Ultrasonic handpiece and ultrasonic horn used for the same |
US8287485B2 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2012-10-16 | Olympus Medical Systems Corp. | Treatment system for surgery and control method of treatment system for surgery |
US10448809B2 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2019-10-22 | Michael James Fitzmaurice | Protective sheath for an endoscope |
WO2014045687A1 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-27 | オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Treatment assembly, method for producing same, and treatment tool |
US20140135804A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-15 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Ultrasonic and electrosurgical devices |
-
2015
- 2015-07-24 WO PCT/JP2015/071133 patent/WO2016111030A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-07-24 EP EP15876903.4A patent/EP3243458A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-24 CN CN201580072822.3A patent/CN107106223B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-07-24 WO PCT/JP2015/071132 patent/WO2016111029A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-07-24 JP JP2016568266A patent/JP6197130B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-07-24 EP EP15876904.2A patent/EP3243459A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-24 JP JP2016568265A patent/JP6113382B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-07-24 CN CN201580072777.1A patent/CN107106222A/en active Pending
- 2015-07-24 WO PCT/JP2015/071134 patent/WO2016111031A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-07-24 CN CN201580072850.5A patent/CN107106224B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-07-24 EP EP15876902.6A patent/EP3243457A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-24 JP JP2016568264A patent/JP6165364B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2017
- 2017-07-07 US US15/644,565 patent/US20170303955A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-07-07 US US15/644,604 patent/US20170303993A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-07-07 US US15/644,316 patent/US10617466B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030084907A1 (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 2003-05-08 | Arthrocare Corporation | Systems and methods for electrosurgical dissection and harvesting of tissue |
US20020035364A1 (en) * | 1998-09-23 | 2002-03-21 | Arthur Schoenman | Electrosurgical device having a dielectric seal |
US20030163131A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Manna Ronald R. | Ultrasonic medical treatment device for RF cauterization and related method |
US20040147945A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-07-29 | Gernod Fritzsch | Ultrasonic instrument |
US20080058803A1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | Kenichi Kimura | Surgical instrument and surgical instrument driving method |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220125460A1 (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-04-28 | Auris Health, Inc. | Ultrasonic surgical instrument with a shaft assembly and elongated waveguide support arrangement |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2016111029A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
EP3243457A1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
US10617466B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
CN107106224A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
EP3243457A4 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
JPWO2016111031A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
WO2016111031A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
EP3243459A1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
US20170303992A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
CN107106223B (en) | 2019-10-18 |
CN107106222A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
WO2016111030A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
JP6197130B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
CN107106224B (en) | 2019-10-18 |
JPWO2016111030A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
JP6165364B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
EP3243458A1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
CN107106223A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
EP3243458A4 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
US20170303955A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
EP3243459A4 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
JP6113382B2 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
JPWO2016111029A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20180140872A1 (en) | Ultrasonic treatment apparatus and ultrasonic treatment assembly | |
US20170119426A1 (en) | Treatment tool | |
JP6132993B2 (en) | Treatment tool, treatment system | |
KR20150095748A (en) | Ultrasonic surgical blade | |
US10555749B2 (en) | Probe unit, treatment instrument, and treatment system | |
JP6001226B1 (en) | Joint surgery system | |
US10617466B2 (en) | Treatment instrument and treatment system | |
JP6033503B1 (en) | Ultrasonic treatment device and ultrasonic treatment assembly | |
WO2018078833A1 (en) | Ultrasonic probe | |
US10987122B2 (en) | Ultrasonic probe |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OLYMPUS CORPORATION, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:YOKOYAMA, KEN;REEL/FRAME:042935/0954 Effective date: 20170630 |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: FINAL REJECTION MAILED |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |