US20170044673A1 - CO3W3C Fishbone-Like Hard Phase-Reinforced Fe-Based Wear-Resistant Coating and Preparation Thereof - Google Patents

CO3W3C Fishbone-Like Hard Phase-Reinforced Fe-Based Wear-Resistant Coating and Preparation Thereof Download PDF

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US20170044673A1
US20170044673A1 US15/118,750 US201515118750A US2017044673A1 US 20170044673 A1 US20170044673 A1 US 20170044673A1 US 201515118750 A US201515118750 A US 201515118750A US 2017044673 A1 US2017044673 A1 US 2017044673A1
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wear
matrix
resistant coating
plasma cladding
cladding
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Qing TAO
Jian Wang
Cong Wang
Wei Lai
Jianyang LIU
Fanjun GU
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/0003—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • B23K10/02—Plasma welding
    • B23K10/027—Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
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    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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    • C22C1/1084—Alloys containing non-metals by mechanical alloying (blending, milling)
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
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    • C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
    • C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/56—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/10—Carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/45—Others, including non-metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material surface wear-resistant coating and preparation thereof, and particularly to a Co 3 W 3 C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating and method for preparing the same.
  • the surface engineering technology can make a wear-resistant coating with superior performance.
  • the coating material is usually a composite material, and the reinforced phase mainly is carbide, boride and nitride with high hardness and wear resistance.
  • Co 3 W 3 C fish-bone-shape hard phase does not exist in the reinforced phase of the current wear-resistance coating and is not used as the reinforced phase of the wear-resistant coating.
  • the present invention is aimed to provide an Co 3 W 3 C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating and preparation thereof, which has a simple and convenient operation process and a cladding layer that is uneasy to break off.
  • the technical solution for realizing the purpose of the present invention is as follows:
  • the Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder has the following components in weight percentage: C: 1.89-3.77%, Cr: 5.4-11.7%, Ni: 3.3-7.15%, W: 28.81-57.83%, Co: 4.2-8.4%, Si: 0.03-0.065%, and the remaining is Fe;
  • the plasma cladding process has the following specific steps:
  • Polishing the surface of the matrix to remove an oxide layer placing the treated matrix on a plasma cladding working table, and adjusting its position;
  • the plasma cladding process includes the following technical parameters: A working current of 135-145 A, a working voltage of 11-12 V, powder feeding gas and protecting gas are argon gas, powder feeding gas pressure of 280-300 MPa, protecting gas pressure of 700-800 MPa, distance from a nozzle to the surface of the matrix is 10 mm, and a scanning speed of 80 mm/min.
  • the hard phase is identified as Co 3 W 3 C, which exhibits high performance in a hardness test and a wear resistance test.
  • the cladding layer with the reinforced phase of fish-bone-shape hard phase Co 3 W 3 C has high hardness and high wear resistance; and the cladding layer is uneasy to break off. Therefore, the present invention has high application value and innovation significance.
  • the plasma cladding process is simple, the equipment is convenient to operate, the economic benefit is high, and the process can be widely used for surface reinforcement of a precision parts.
  • Adopting the above process scheme the bonding performance of the resulting cladding layer and the matrix is superior, the optimal performance matching between the ceramic phase of the cladding layer and the matrix can be realized, and the comprehensive physical property of the matrix structure is greatly improved.
  • the fish-bone-shape reinforced phase Co 3 W 3 C has features of high hardness and high wear resistance, improves the hardness of the cladding layer, reduces the wear of the matrix structure as the framework of the cladding layer in friction, and efficiently improves the use value of the matrix.
  • FIG. 1 is an XRD graph of a plasma cladded wear-resistant coating of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure graph of a plasma cladding layer of the present invention under an optical microscope.
  • FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure graph of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention under an electron microscope.
  • FIG. 4 is morphology of 100 micrometer of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention after a wear test.
  • FIG. 5 is morphology of 30 micrometer of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention after a wear test.
  • the wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof of the present invention use a plasma cladding process to clad the Fe-based WC alloy powder on the surface of a metal matrix to form a wear-resistant high hardness coating with fish-bone-shape Co 3 W 3 C as the reinforcement phase;
  • the Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder has the following components in weight percentage: C: 1.89-3.77%, Cr: 5.4-11.7%, Ni: 3.3-7.15%, W: 28.81-57.83%, Co: 4.2-8.4%, Si: 0.03-0.065%, and the remaining is Fe;
  • the plasma cladding process has the following specific steps:
  • the plasma cladding process includes the following technical parameters: A working current of 135-145 A, a working voltage of 11-12 V, powder feeding gas and protecting gas are argon gas, powder feeding gas pressure of 280-300 MPa, protecting gas pressure of 700-800 MPa, distance from a nozzle to the surface of the matrix is 10 mm, and a scanning speed of 80 mm/min.
  • the hard phase is identified as the Co 3 W 3 C, which exhibits high performance in a hardness test and a wear resistance test.
  • the surface of the matrix is polished to remove oxide layer, the treated matrix is placed on a plasma cladding working table, and its position is adjusted.
  • the WC powder with granularity of 280-320 meshes and the Fe-based alloy powder of 100-200 meshes are screened to prepare the Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder including the following components in weight percentage: C: 3.24%, Cr: 7.2%, Ni: 4.4%, W: 49.56%, Co: 7.2%, Si: 0.04%, and the remaining is Fe.
  • the powder is subjected to pre-treatment, put in a stirrer to stir for 50-60 min, put in a drying oven to heat at 150° C., and put in a powder feeder.
  • the cladding process includes: A working current of 140 A, a working voltage of 11 V, powder feeding gas and protecting gas are argon gas, a powder feeding gas pressure of 300 MPa, a protecting gas pressure of 800 MPa, distance from a nozzle to the surface of the matrix is 10 mm, and a scanning speed of 80 mm/min.
  • the plasma cladding machine is turned off after finishing the cladding, the workpiece is naturally cooled to room temperature in the air.
  • FIG. 2 it can be seen that a large amount of fish-bone-shape hard phase is distributed on the matrix; and in FIG. 3 , it can be obviously seen that the framework structure of the structure serves as a wear-resistant framework, reduces the wear of the matrix structure and improves the wear resistance in the friction test.
  • the pre-treatment process of the matrix is kept the same as that of Example 1, and the prepared Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder includes the following components in weight percentage: C: 3.77%, Cr: 5.4%, Ni: 3.3%, W: 57.83%, Co: 8.4%, Si: 0.03%, and the remaining is Fe.
  • the process parameters of the plasma cladding are the same as those of Example 1, and a cladding layer with a superior performance can be obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is an XRD graph of the plasma cladding layer of Example 2, the Co 3 W 3 C in the cladding layer plays a big role in improving the performance thereof.
  • FIG. 4 it can be seen that a large amount of fish-bone-shape hard phase Co 3 W 3 C on a wear surface is embossed on the surface of the matrix.
  • the pre-treatment process of the matrix is kept the same as that of Example 1, and the prepared Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder includes the following components in weight percentage: C: 1.89%, Cr: 11.7%, Ni: 7.15%, W: 28.81%, Co: 4.2%, Si: 0.065%, and the remaining is Fe.
  • the process parameters of the plasma cladding are the same as those of Example 1, and a cladding layer with a superior performance can be obtained.

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Abstract

A Co3W3C fishbone-like hard phase-reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating and the preparation thereof, which belongs to the field of a wear-resistant coating on the surface of a material and a preparation method thereof. The wear-resistant coating comprises: 1.89-3.77% of C, 5.4-11.7% of Cr, 3.3-7.15% of Ni, 28.81-57.83% of W, 4.2-8.4% of Co, 0.03-0.065% of Si and the balance of Fe. The preparation process of the wear-resistant coating comprises: (1) before plasma cladding, pretreating a matrix; (2) pretreating an iron-based alloy powder; and (3) adjusting the process parameters of plasma cladding, preparing a cladding layer with a predetermined width and a predetermined thickness, and naturally cooling same down in air. The wear-resistant coating is simple in process; the prepared cladding layer has a strong metallurgical bonding property with the matrix structure, so that the best performance matching between the ceramic phase of the cladding layer and the matrix can be achieved; a fishbone-like hard phase Co3W3C has a very high hardness value and plays the role of a framework in the frictional process to reduce the wear of the matrix structure, thereby achieving an excellent wear resistance; plasma cladding is convenient to operate, and can be automatized; and the prepared wear-resistant layer is high in size precision and can be widely applied to surface modification of mechanical parts.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a material surface wear-resistant coating and preparation thereof, and particularly to a Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating and method for preparing the same.
    • BACKGROUND ART
  • During use of a mechanical part, most of the wear occurs on the surface part of a workpiece, and especially in a severe working environment, e.g., high corrosion, high friction, high temperature and high pressure and the like, the wear failure of the mechanical part is particularly severe. Therefore, the surface of the mechanical part that has a friction pair is required to have high hardness and wear resistance during use. The surface engineering technology can make a wear-resistant coating with superior performance. The coating material is usually a composite material, and the reinforced phase mainly is carbide, boride and nitride with high hardness and wear resistance. Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard phase does not exist in the reinforced phase of the current wear-resistance coating and is not used as the reinforced phase of the wear-resistant coating.
    • CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention is aimed to provide an Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating and preparation thereof, which has a simple and convenient operation process and a cladding layer that is uneasy to break off.
  • The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the present invention is as follows: The wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof: use a plasma cladding process to clad the Fe-based WC alloy powder on the surface of a metal matrix to form a wear-resistant high hardness coating with fish-bone-shape Co3W3C as the reinforced phase;
  • The Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder has the following components in weight percentage: C: 1.89-3.77%, Cr: 5.4-11.7%, Ni: 3.3-7.15%, W: 28.81-57.83%, Co: 4.2-8.4%, Si: 0.03-0.065%, and the remaining is Fe;
  • The plasma cladding process has the following specific steps:
  • (1) Pre-treatment of the matrix:
  • Polishing the surface of the matrix to remove an oxide layer, placing the treated matrix on a plasma cladding working table, and adjusting its position;
  • (2) Pre-treatment of the alloy powder:
  • Screening the WC powder with granularity of 280-320 meshes and the Fe-based alloy powder of 100-200 meshes, preparing the Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder with the mentioned weight percentage, putting in a stirrer to stir for 50-60 min, putting in a drying oven to heat at 150° C., and putting in a plasma cladding machine after finishing the above pre-treatments;
  • (3) Plasma cladding:
  • The plasma cladding process includes the following technical parameters: A working current of 135-145 A, a working voltage of 11-12 V, powder feeding gas and protecting gas are argon gas, powder feeding gas pressure of 280-300 MPa, protecting gas pressure of 700-800 MPa, distance from a nozzle to the surface of the matrix is 10 mm, and a scanning speed of 80 mm/min.
  • (4) Treatment of cladding layer:
  • After finishing the plasma cladding process, turning off the plasma cladding machine, cutting the side and the front of the cladding layer, grinding and polishing, and fish-bone-shape hard phase can be observed under an optical microscope and an electron microscope; in conjunction with the X ray diffraction analysis result, the hard phase is identified as Co3W3C, which exhibits high performance in a hardness test and a wear resistance test.
  • The beneficial effects: due to the above-mentioned solution, the metallurgical bonding performance of the cladding layer obtained using the plasma cladding technology and the matrix material is superior, the operation process is simple and convenient, and the cost of equipment is low. The plasma cladding process is used to prepare Fe-based WC alloy powder to obtain the Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof, where the reinforced phase is Co3W3C fish-bone-shape carbide, the carbide has high hardness (micro hardness HV=888−1097) and high wear resistance. The following feature is obtained: the cladding layer with the reinforced phase of fish-bone-shape hard phase Co3W3C has high hardness and high wear resistance; and the cladding layer is uneasy to break off. Therefore, the present invention has high application value and innovation significance.
  • The present invention is advantaged in:
  • (1) The plasma cladding process is simple, the equipment is convenient to operate, the economic benefit is high, and the process can be widely used for surface reinforcement of a precision parts.
    (2) Adopting the above process scheme, the bonding performance of the resulting cladding layer and the matrix is superior, the optimal performance matching between the ceramic phase of the cladding layer and the matrix can be realized, and the comprehensive physical property of the matrix structure is greatly improved.
    (3) The fish-bone-shape reinforced phase Co3W3C has features of high hardness and high wear resistance, improves the hardness of the cladding layer, reduces the wear of the matrix structure as the framework of the cladding layer in friction, and efficiently improves the use value of the matrix.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is an XRD graph of a plasma cladded wear-resistant coating of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure graph of a plasma cladding layer of the present invention under an optical microscope.
  • FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure graph of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention under an electron microscope.
  • FIG. 4 is morphology of 100 micrometer of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention after a wear test.
  • FIG. 5 is morphology of 30 micrometer of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention after a wear test.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
  • The specific embodiment of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
  • The wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof of the present invention: use a plasma cladding process to clad the Fe-based WC alloy powder on the surface of a metal matrix to form a wear-resistant high hardness coating with fish-bone-shape Co3W3C as the reinforcement phase;
  • The Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder has the following components in weight percentage: C: 1.89-3.77%, Cr: 5.4-11.7%, Ni: 3.3-7.15%, W: 28.81-57.83%, Co: 4.2-8.4%, Si: 0.03-0.065%, and the remaining is Fe;
  • The plasma cladding process has the following specific steps:
  • (1) Pre-treatment of the matrix:
  • Polishing the surface of the matrix to remove oxide layer, placing the treated matrix on a plasma cladding working table, and adjusting its position;
  • (2) Pre-treatment of the alloy powder:
  • Screening the WC powder with granularity of 280-320 meshes and the Fe-based alloy powder of 100-200 meshes, preparing the Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder with the mentioned weight percentage, putting in a stirrer to stir for 50-60 min, putting in a drying oven to heat at 150° C., and putting in a plasma cladding machine after finishing the above pre-treatments;
  • (3) Plasma cladding:
  • The plasma cladding process includes the following technical parameters: A working current of 135-145 A, a working voltage of 11-12 V, powder feeding gas and protecting gas are argon gas, powder feeding gas pressure of 280-300 MPa, protecting gas pressure of 700-800 MPa, distance from a nozzle to the surface of the matrix is 10 mm, and a scanning speed of 80 mm/min.
  • (4) Treatment of a cladding layer:
  • After finishing the plasma cladding process, turning off the plasma cladding machine, cutting the side and the front of the cladding layer, grinding and polishing, and fish-bone-shape hard phase is observed under optical microscope and electron microscope; in conjunction with the X ray diffraction analysis result, the hard phase is identified as the Co3W3C, which exhibits high performance in a hardness test and a wear resistance test.
    • Example 1
  • The surface of the matrix is polished to remove oxide layer, the treated matrix is placed on a plasma cladding working table, and its position is adjusted.
  • The WC powder with granularity of 280-320 meshes and the Fe-based alloy powder of 100-200 meshes are screened to prepare the Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder including the following components in weight percentage: C: 3.24%, Cr: 7.2%, Ni: 4.4%, W: 49.56%, Co: 7.2%, Si: 0.04%, and the remaining is Fe. The powder is subjected to pre-treatment, put in a stirrer to stir for 50-60 min, put in a drying oven to heat at 150° C., and put in a powder feeder. The cladding process includes: A working current of 140 A, a working voltage of 11 V, powder feeding gas and protecting gas are argon gas, a powder feeding gas pressure of 300 MPa, a protecting gas pressure of 800 MPa, distance from a nozzle to the surface of the matrix is 10 mm, and a scanning speed of 80 mm/min. The plasma cladding machine is turned off after finishing the cladding, the workpiece is naturally cooled to room temperature in the air.
  • Mutual-rubbing test is performed on an M-200 wear testing machine for the prepared Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating with a wear time of 40 min and a wear amount of 0.008 g, while under the same conditions, Q235 steel has a wear amount of 0.1996 g, the wear resistance is significantly improved, the highest hardness value is up to 946 HV, and the hardness value is also significantly improved.
  • In FIG. 2, it can be seen that a large amount of fish-bone-shape hard phase is distributed on the matrix; and in FIG. 3, it can be obviously seen that the framework structure of the structure serves as a wear-resistant framework, reduces the wear of the matrix structure and improves the wear resistance in the friction test.
    • Example 2
  • The pre-treatment process of the matrix is kept the same as that of Example 1, and the prepared Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder includes the following components in weight percentage: C: 3.77%, Cr: 5.4%, Ni: 3.3%, W: 57.83%, Co: 8.4%, Si: 0.03%, and the remaining is Fe. The process parameters of the plasma cladding are the same as those of Example 1, and a cladding layer with a superior performance can be obtained.
  • Mutual-rubbing test is performed on the M-200 wear testing machine for the prepared Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating with a wear time of 40 min, a wear amount of 0.0032 g and a very superior wear resistance. FIG. 1 is an XRD graph of the plasma cladding layer of Example 2, the Co3W3C in the cladding layer plays a big role in improving the performance thereof. In FIG. 4, it can be seen that a large amount of fish-bone-shape hard phase Co3W3C on a wear surface is embossed on the surface of the matrix.
    • Example 3
  • The pre-treatment process of the matrix is kept the same as that of Example 1, and the prepared Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder includes the following components in weight percentage: C: 1.89%, Cr: 11.7%, Ni: 7.15%, W: 28.81%, Co: 4.2%, Si: 0.065%, and the remaining is Fe. The process parameters of the plasma cladding are the same as those of Example 1, and a cladding layer with a superior performance can be obtained.

Claims (2)

1. A Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating, characterized in that: the wear-resistant coating consists of the following alloy powder elements in weight percentage: C: 1.89-3.77%, Cr: 5.4-11.7%, Ni: 3.3-7.15%, W: 28.81-57.83%, Co: 4.2-8.4%, Si: 0.03-0.065%, and the remaining is Fe.
2. A method for preparing the Co3W3C fish-bone-shape hard-phase reinforced Fe-based wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plasma cladding process is used to clad the Fe-based WC alloy powder on a surface of a metal matrix to form a wear-resistant high hardness coating with fish-bone-shape Co3W3C as the reinforcement phase; the specific steps are as follows:
A pre-treatment of the matrix:
polishing the surface of the matrix to remove oxide layer, placing the treated matrix on a plasma cladding working table, and adjusting its position;
B pre-treatment of the alloy powder:
screening the WC powder with granularity of 280-320 meshes and the Fe-based alloy powder of 100-200 meshes, preparing the Fe-based WC mixed alloy powder of the mentioned weight percentage, putting in a stirrer to stir for 50-60 min, putting in a drying oven to heat at 150° C., and putting in a plasma cladding machine after finishing the above pre-treatments;
C plasma cladding:
the plasma cladding process includes the following technical parameters: a working current of 135-145 A, a working voltage of 11-12 V, powder feeding gas and protecting gas are argon gas, a powder feeding gas pressure of 280-300 MPa, a protecting gas pressure of 700-800 MPa, distance from a nozzle to the surface of the matrix is 10 mm, and a scanning speed of 80 mm/min; and
D treatment of a cladding layer:
after finishing the plasma cladding process, turning off the plasma cladding machine, cutting the side and the front of the cladding layer, grinding and polishing, and fish-bone-shape hard phase is observed under an optical microscope and an electron microscope; in conjunction with the X ray diffraction analysis result, the hard phase is identified as Co3W3C, which exhibits high performance in a hardness test and a wear resistance test.
US15/118,750 2014-11-03 2015-08-06 CO3W3C Fishbone-Like Hard Phase-Reinforced Fe-Based Wear-Resistant Coating and Preparation Thereof Abandoned US20170044673A1 (en)

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