US2016365A - Lathe - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 8, 1935. L A DUMSER E1- AL 2,016,365

LATHE Filed March 29, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 8, 1935. L, Al DUMSER Er AL 2,016,365

LATHE Filed March 29, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 8, 1935. L A. DUMSER ET AL 2,016,365

LATHE Filed March 29, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 V /l/lllllll/ //////////A my! Oct. 8, 1935. A, DUMSER Er AL 2,016,365

Patented Oct. 8, 1935 I UNITED 'lsTAT/Es LeoLDumsex-and q Clement J. Schroeder, Rookford, Ill., signora to Sandstrand Machine Tool Co., Rockford, Ill., a corporation of lllinbia 'Application March 29, 1932, Serial No. 601,752

llclaims.

4in construction, which embodies front and rear tool supports together with a unitary mechanism for actuating said supports either manually or automatically land which has a feeding mechanism which may be readily modified for changing the set-up of the machine.'

Another object is to provide a new and improved lathe embodying a high speed spindle and novel means for driving the spindle at speeds varying over a wide range with extreme smoothness of operation. e

Another object is to provide a lathe having a new and improved feeding mechanism providing a wide range of feed speeds, together with novel control mechanism for obtaining extreme simplicity in the operation thereof.

In the exemplary embodiment of the invention, an extreme smoothness of spindle operation and the wide range of spindle speeds is obtained by using a multiple belt in the final drive to the spindle, and in combination with pick-oil or change gears. The smoothness of operation resulting from using belts intermediate the gears and spindle is particularly desirable in order to obtain a high finish on the work piece, especially when the machine is used for turning operations employing a high spindle speed and a very fine or slow feed of the tools.

Further objects and advantages will become readily apparent from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a preferred ferm of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.

Fig. 3 is a right-hand end elevation.

Fig. 4 isa sectional view along the line 4-4 of' Fig. l, illustrating the actuating yand clamping means for the tailstock sleeve.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the rear tool support.

Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal section through the headstock.

Fig. 6* is a fragmentary section through a modifled form of adjustable pulley.

Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section through the headstock.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary front elevation partly in scction approximately along the line 8 3 of Fig.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary plan view partly in section approximately along the line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevation looking at 5 the right-hand end of Fig. 8.

For purposes of disclosure there is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter described in detail a preferred embodiment of the invention, with the understanding that it is not intended to limit 10 the invention to the particular construction and arrangement shown, it being contemplated that various changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. l5 1 In the form illustrated in the drawings, the invention is embodied ina lathe comprising generally (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) a bed I 0 supported on legs II and having a headstock I2 at one end thereof in which a spindle I3 is rotatably mounted 20 on a horizontal axis. A front carriage or tool support I4 is mounted for movement longitudinally of the bed on ways I5 (Fig. 3) and carries a cross slide I6 which is adjustable transversely of the spindle axis by means including a handle 25 Il. A rear carriage or tool support 20 is mounted on ways 2i along the rear upper portion of the bed I9 and is arranged to be clamped to the bed in its adjusted position by means of screw devices 22 and a gib 23. A rear cross slide 24 is mounted 30 on the carriage 2D for movement transversely of the spindle axis. Preferably a tailstock 25 is also mounted on the ways 2| so as to beV adjustable longitudinally relatively to the headstock spindle I3 and has a center 23 carried in a longitudinally 35 adjustable sleeve 21.

In the exemplary form of the invention the head-stock spindle I3 (Figs. 1 and 6) is arranged to be driven at relatively high speeds from a motor 30 suspended beneath the bed I0. The 40 shaft of the motor carries a multiple V-groove pulley 3l which is connected to a similar pulley 32 on a horizontal shaft 33 by means of a plurality of belts 34. The shaft 33 (Fig. 6) and a parallel drive shaft 35 are formed on their outer 45 ends for the reception of interengaging pick-oil.' gears 36 and 31 respectively. The shaft 35 also has mounted thereon an adjustable V-groove pulley 38.

Preferably the spindle I3 and also the tool 50` supports are actuated from the shaft 35. As illustrated most clearly in Fig. 6 a multiple V- groove pulley 40 somewhat in the form of asleeve is rotatably mounted on the spindle I3 by means of bearings 4I. This pulley is connected to the 55 lar |26 and the forward wall of the bed i8.

ably arranged to govern the operation of the feed clutch 82 and also the spindle clutch and brake mechanism and, as illustrated in the drawings,

comprises a member or bar ||8 (Figs. 1 and 6 to 9) which extends transversely in the bed and is slidably mounted therein for reciprocatory movement in a front to rear direction. At its rear end the member ||8 is operatively connected to a vertically extending'control shaft lllwhich carries and arm I |2 on its lower end having a bifurcated portion ||3 fitting between collars ||8 on the member ||8 The control shaft has mounted thereon two clutch operating elements ||1 and H8. The element I1 is in the form of a clutch yoke having portions engaging the peripherally grooved actuating element ||8 mounted on the power shaft 88 and arranged to operate the feed clutch element 84. The clutch operating element ||8 is positioned above the element ||1 on the shaft and is also in the form of a yoke and has portions engaging the peripherally grooved actuating member 46' which controls the operation of the spindle clutch and the spindle brake. At its upper end the control shaft carries a manually operable handle |22 which extends 'forwardly over the headstock so as to be within easy reach of an operator in front of the machine. Thus the spindle clutch and brake mechanism and the feed clutch may be operated manually by means of the handle |22 or automatically, as hereinafter more fully described, by means of the member ||8. The control shaft is normally urged to its clutch disengaging and brake applying position by means of a coiled spring |25 surrounding the member ||8 intermediate a col- Furthermore the elements ||1 and ||8 are preferably so positioned on the control shaft that the spindle clutch will be engaged prior to the engagement of the feed clutch, and the spindle clutch will be disengaged after the disengagement of the feed clutch so as to insure operation of the spindle before the tools engage the Work and to permit the spindle to operate a short time after the completion of the feeding movements of the tool supports and permit the tools to clear the cut. As illustrated in Fig. '1, a coiled spring |28 is positioned intermediate the element ||9 and the feed clutch member 84 so as to provide a lost motion connection between these parts and prevent any jamming should the teeth of the feed clutch fail to mesh instantaneously when the feed clutch is engaged.

As mentioned hereinbefore the control member ||8 is normally urged to its rear position by `means of the coiled spring |25 to disengage the clutches. This. member is also arranged to be held in its forward or clutch engaging position during the cutting operation, and as illustrated herein (Figs. 'l to 9), a latch device |38 is slidable vertically on the front surface of the bed I8 and is normally urged to its upper position by means of a coiled spring |3|. When the member ||8 is in its forward position a portion '|32 of the latch device is arranged to engage in a notch |33 in the member I8, thereby to hold the member in the clutch engaging position. It will be readily apparent that in order to disengage the clutc/hes it is merely necessary to depress the latch device |38.

In ox/der to move the control member ||8 toits forward or clutch engaging position at the commencement of the cutting operation, a suitable i dog is preferably mounted to move with the 75,

frnt tool support |4 and to engage a cam portion trol member ||8 forwardly. The stop dog |38 is adjusted on the bar |38 to a position wherein a cam portion |38 thereon will engage the upper beveled end |38' of the latch device |38 at the completion of the cutting operations and depress said latch device and thereby disengage the feed clutch and spindle clutches and apply the spindle brake. Preferably the dog |38 has a downwardly .10T surface |35 of the member ||8 and move the conextending portion provided with a cam surface 20;

|39 arranged to engage a second cam surface |35' on the member ||8 so as positively to disengage the clutches when the latch |38 is depressed.

In order to permit an operator to disengage 4the power feed clutch 82 without disengaging the spindle clutch, a manual control device |48 is mounted on a transversely extending rod |4| which is slidably mounted in the heads'tock and is normally urged to its forward position by a coiled spring |4 The control device is operable by means of a control handle |42. This handle is pivotally mounted atk |43 and has a suitable cam formation on its lower end arranged to engage the end of the rod |4| so that when the handle is swung downwardly from the position illustrated in Fig. '1 the feed clutch is disengaged, the resilient connecting spring |28 permitting the necessary relative movement between the clutch member 84 and the actuating element ||9.

In order to facilitate the rapid production of finished work pieces the tailstock sleeve 21 (Fig. 4) is preferably arranged to be actuated by'means of a manually operable control handle |58 which also serves to clamp the sleeve 21 in its operable posit-ion. The handle |58 is pivoted by means of a pin |5| to the upper end of a pinion shaft |52 which carries a pinion |53 meshing with rack teeth |54 on the sleeve 21. The lower end of the shaft |52 is provided with a nut |55 which cooperates with an eccentric cam formation |458, on the lower end of the handle |58 to draw the slide portions |51 of the tailstock 25 together and clamp the sleeve 21 in its adjusted position. By swinging the handle |58 (Fig. 4) in a clockan angle of 88 the clamping means is released and by then swinging the handle about theshaft |52, the sleeve 21 may be withdrawn.

In order to lubricate the spindle, clutches, brake and the feed drive gearing,.an oil throwing device |68 (Fig. 6) is preferably mounted ona short shaft |8|' within the bed and driven from the shaft 35 by means .of sprockets |62 and |83 and a chain |64. The lower portion of this device is immersed in oil contained in a reservoir |65 formed in the lower portion of the bed. Such a device throws a spray upwardly over all of the parts mentioned and insures constant lubrication of said parts.

The lathe disclosed herein is not only simple and rugged in construction and adapted for convenient operation, but is also readily adapted for use in which the work pieces are produced with 55 wise direction, as indicated by the arrow, through 4 ter sleeve.

by an operator in manual movements has a very important bearing upon the al1-around enlciency of the machine. In the form illustrated herein the sequence of operations by the operator and machine would generally be, rst, the placing of a blank work piece between centers by the operator, the work piece being held in the left hand while the tail center is movedinto engagement with the work by the right hand, the tailstock center then being clamped also by the actuation of the single tailstock control handle which governs the movement and the clamping of the tailstock cen- Both of the tool supports may then be traversed quickly without fear of driving the tools/into the work, the power feed being started automatically when the tools reach a position adjacent the work. The cutting operations are thereupon performed automatically and at the with his right hand the operator releases and withdraws the tail center while with his left hand he removes the finished work piece from the machine.

By mounting the spindle clutch andv brake operating members directly on the spindle the entire driving train to the spindle may be kept in motion continuously. This is of particular advantage since it is then only necessary to bring to a stop the spindle and work, with a consequent saving in power and time in starting and stopping the machine.

The combination of a multiple V-type belt and pick-off gears for actuating a spindle, with the belts in the final drive, is effective to prevent chatter and obtain an extremely smooth operation. Furthermore by positioning the pick-olf gears for both the front and rear'tool supports in the casing 8| at the rear of the machine, a very compact, inexpensive and convenient feed box is provided.

The spindle drive illustrated herein also lends itself readily to modification if it is desired to drive the spindle directly from the motor at a single relatively high speed. In such an instance the shaft 33 (Fig. 6) together with its bearings can be removed and the bearing holes plugged, and three belts 34 would be used and extended upwardly to connect directly to the left endgrooves in the spindle pulley 40. The correspending three left-hand belts 42 would be removed, the adjustable pulley 38being then provided with merely four disks 50.

We claim as our invention:

1. A lathe having. in combination, a bed, a headstock, a spindle rotatably mounted in the headstock, a longitudinally movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means for driving said spindle, and means for actuating said tool supports comprising a transversely extending power shaft carrying two pick-olf gears on its rear end, means including a first companion gear meshing with one of said pick-off gears' for actuating the rear tool support, a parallel transversely extending shaft carrying a second companion gear meshing with the other pick-off gear, vmeans connecting said parallel shaft to actuate the front tool support, and a hand wheel carried on the front end of said parallel shaft for moving the tool supports manually.

2. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, a

headstock, a spindle rotatably mounted in the headstock, and means for driving said spindle comprising a motor stationed beneath the bed, a 1 horizontal shaft, means 'connecting the motor and shaft, a parallel shaft, pick-oil gears connecting said shafts, a plurality of disks on slid parallel shaft having beveled peripheral edges forming a plurality of vV-grooves, means for adjusting the outer disks longitudinally of v the shaft, a pulley rotatably mounted on the spindle, a plurality of V-belts connecting said pulleys, a spindle brake, a clutch for engaging said spindle pulley and spindle, and means for operating said clutch and brake.

3. A lathe having, in combination, a rotatable headstock spindlel'a tailstock center movable to- Y ward and from the headstock spindle, means `for driving and for stopping the spindle including Vheadstock spindle, a longitudiiially movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means foractuating said spindle, and means for actuating said tool supports comprising a horizontal shaft extending transversely of the bed and projecting forwardly therefrom, a manually operable hand wheel on the forward end of said shaft, a rack secured to the front tool support extending longitudinally along the bed, a pinion on said transverse shaftengaging said rack, a second transverse shaft projecting 40 rearwardly from the bed and alterable change gears connecting said transverse shafts, a short shaft, alterable change gears connecting said shaft with the rear end of said second shaft,`and means including a rack and pinion connecting said short shaft to actuate the rear cross slide.

5. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, a headstock spindle, a longitudinally movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means for actuating said spindle, and 50 means for actuating said tool supports comprising a horizontal shaft extending transversely in the headstock and projecting forwardly therefrom, a manually operable hand wheel on the forward end of said shaft, a rack secured to the front tool support extending longitudinally along the bed, a pinion on said transverse shaft engaging said rack, a second transverse shaft projecting rearwardly from the bed and alterable change gears connecting said transverse shafts, a short shaft, alterable change gears connecting said short shaft with the rear end of said second shaft, a rack slidable longitudinally on the rear of the bed, a pinion on said short shaft engaging said rack, a cylindrical cam rotatably mount 65 ed on a transverse axis and having gear teeth formed thereon engaging said rack, and a follower adjustably secured to the rear cross slide engaging a. slot in said cam.

6. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, a headstock spindle, a longitudinally movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means for actuating said spindle and tool supports comprising a drive shaft, means connecting said shaft and spindle including a (6 pulley rotatably mounted on the spindle and a spindle clutch for engaging said pulley with the spindle, means connecting said drive shaft to actuate the tool supports including a feed clutch for starting and stopping both supports, means for manually actuating said supports when the feed shaft is disengaged, a vertical control shaft in said headstock having an operating handle secured to its upper end, a first member on said control shaft for actuating the spindle clutch, and a second member on said control shaft for actuating the feed clutch.

7. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, a headstock, a spindle rotatably mounted therein, a longitudinally movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means for actuating said spindle and tool supports comprising a spindle clutch, a spindle brake, a. spindle clutch and brake operating member arranged to engage the brake when the clutch is disengaged, a feed clutch, a. vertical control shaft in said headstock, said control shaft carrying said operating member, a second member on said control shaft for actuating the feed clutch, and a handle on the upper end of said control shaft for shifting said clutches and brake.

8. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, a headstock, a spindle rotatably mounted therein, a longitudinally movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means for actuating said spindle and tool supports comprising a spindle clutch, a spindle clutch operating yoke, a feed clutch, a control element in said headstock, said control element carrying said clutch operating yoke, a second yoke on said control element for actuating the feed clutch, and means for automatically shifting said clutches comprising a member slidably mounted on the bed and connected to operate said control element, means normally urging said member to its lirdisengaging position.' a latch device for holding said member in its clutch engaging position, a first dog movable with the front tool support operable when said support is advanced manually to move said member to its clutch engaging position, and a lsecond dog movable with said support arranged to disengage said latch device and clutches.

9. A lathe having, in combination, a headstock spindle, a longitudinally movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means for actuating said spindleA and tool supports comprising a drive shaft, means connecting said shaft and spindle including a pulley rotatably mounted on the spindle and a spindle clutch for engaging said pulley with-the spindle, means connecting said drive shaft to actuate the tool supports including a feed clutch for starting and stopping both supports, means for manually actuating said supports when the feed shaft is disengaged, a vertical control shaft in said headstock having an operating handle secured to its upper end, a irst member on said control shaft for actuating the spindle clutch, a second member on said control shaft for actuating the feed clutch, and means for automatically shifting said clutches comprising a movably mounted element connected to oscillate said control shaft, means normally urging said element to its rearmost'position to disengage said clutches, a latch device for holding said bar in its forward position, a rst dog movable with the front tool support operable when said support is advanced manually to move ,said element to engage the clutches, and a secv tool supports comprising a power ond dog arranged automatically to disengage said clutches to stop the spindle and support.

10. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, a headstock, a spindle rotatably mounted therein, a longitudinally movable front tool support, a 5 transversely movable rear tool support, means for actuating said spindle and tool supports comprising a horizontal drive shaft rotatably mounted longitudinally in the headstock, means connecting said shaft and spindle including a pulley rotatably mounted on the spindle and a spindie clutch for engaging said pulley with the spindle, means connecting said drive shaft to the tool supports including a feed clutch, a vertical control shaft in said headstock having an operating handle secured to its upper end, a first member on said control shaft for actuating the spindle clutch, a second member on said control shaft for actuating the feed clutch, and means for automatically shifting said clutches comprising a bar slidable transversely of the bed, an arm on the lower end ofthe control shaft to which the rear end of said bar is connected, means normally urging said bar to its rearmost position to disengage said clutches, a latch device for holding said bar in its forward position, a rst dog mov- 'able with the front tool support operable when said support is moved manually towards the headstock to move said bar to its forward position and engage the clutches and latch device, and a second dog movable with said support arranged to disengage said latch device to stop the spindle and tool supports at the end of a cutting operation.

1l. A lathe having, in combination, a rotat- 85 ably mounted work supporting and driving spindle, and means for driving said spindle comprising a motor, a shaft, means connecting the motor and shaft, a parallel shaft, pick-olf gears connecting said shafts, and means connecting said 40 parallel shaft and spindle comprising pulleys on said parallel shaft and spindle having a plurality of V-grooves therein, a plurality of V-bolts connecting said pulleys, and means for taking up slack in said V-belts.

12. A lathe having, in combination, a rotatably mounted work supporting and driving spindle, and means for driving said spindle comprising a motor, a shaft, means connecting the motor and shaft, a parallel shaft, pick-olf gears connecting said shafts, and means connecting said parallel shaft and spindle comprising a pulley on said parallel shaft, a second pulley rotatably mounted on said spindle, a. belt connecting said pulleys, and a clutch for connecting said second pulley to drive the spindle.

13. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, front and rear tool supports movably mounted` on said bed, means for rotatably supporting and driving the work, and means for actuating said driven shaft extending transversely in the bed, a pair of pickoif gears for. the front tool support one of which is mounted on the rear end of said shaft, means connecting the other gear to drive the front tool 35 support, a second pair of pick-olf gears for the rear tool support one of which is also mounted on the rear end of said shaft, and means connecting the other of said second pair of gears to actuate said rear tool support. 14. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, front and rear tool supports movably mounted on said bed, means for rotatably supporting and driving the work, and means for actuating said tool supports comprising a power driven shaft extending 'l5 transversely in the bed, a pair of pick-oir gears for the front tool support, one of which is mounted on the rear end of said shaft, a shaft parallel to said power shaft carrying the other of said gears on its rear end and extending forwardly from the bed) means connecting said parallel shaft to actuate the front tool support, a second pair of pick-oil' gears for the rear tool support one of which is also mounted on the rear end of said'shaft, and means connecting the other or said second pair of gears to actuate said rear tool support.

15. A lathe having, in combination, a bed, front and rear tool supports movably mounted on said bed, means for rotatably supporting and driving the work, and means for actuating said tool supports comprising a power driven shaft extending transversely in the bed, a-rst pair of pick-off gears one of which is mounted on the rear end of said shaft, a shaft parallel to said power shaft carrying the other of said gears on its rear end and extending forwardly from the bed, means connecting said parallel shaft to actuate the front tool support, a second pair of pick-oil gears one of which is also mounted on the rear end of said shaft, means connecting the other of said second pair of gears to actuate said rear tool support, and a manually operable Wheel secured to the front end of said parallel shaft.

16. A lathe having, in combination, a rotat able headstock spindle, a talistock center movable toward and from the headstock spindle. means for driving and for stopping the spindle, a movably mounted tool support. power means for actuating the tool support during a cutting operation, a single mea f for advancing the tailstock center and for c ping said center, means for advancing said tool support rapidly at a traverse rateand for engaging said power means automatically, and control meanseective to disengage said power means and to stop said spindle upon completion ofa cutting operation and before return of; the tool support.

17. A lathe having in combination, a bed, a headstock spindle, a. longitudinally movable front tool support, a transversely movable rear tool support, means for actuating said spindle and tool supportsicomprislng a common drive shaft,

means connecting said shaft and spindle includ- 20

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