US20160289982A1 - Formwork element - Google Patents
Formwork element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20160289982A1 US20160289982A1 US14/392,257 US201414392257A US2016289982A1 US 20160289982 A1 US20160289982 A1 US 20160289982A1 US 201414392257 A US201414392257 A US 201414392257A US 2016289982 A1 US2016289982 A1 US 2016289982A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- slab
- formwork element
- side wall
- concrete
- grip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/142—Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/06—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/0002—Auxiliary parts or elements of the mould
- B28B7/0014—Fastening means for mould parts, e.g. for attaching mould walls on mould tables; Mould clamps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/22—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
- E04B1/3511—Lift-slab; characterised by a purely vertical lifting of floors or roofs or parts thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
- E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
- E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
- E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
- E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/04—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B2005/322—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with permanent forms for the floor edges
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a formwork element, a composite structure including a concrete slab and the formwork element, and to a construction assembly with a load transfer member attached to the formwork element.
- Formwork elements are typically used in in-situ, or precast, for casting of concrete structures for construction of a building.
- a continuous perimeter is first formed by positioning a plurality of profiled steel sheets positioned in an edge to edge arrangement as required to form a base, with a plurality of edge-formwork elements that define the outer edges of the concrete structure.
- wet concrete is poured within the continuous perimeter forming the concrete structure.
- the profiled steel sheets and edge formwork elements may contribute to the mechanical performance of the concrete structure by acting in composite action with the concrete structure.
- the profiled steel sheets and edge formwork elements do not make a contribution to the mechanical performance but act as lost formwork only.
- concrete reinforcement members such as steel bars may be positioned within the continuous perimeter prior to pouring of the wet concrete, such that the concrete reinforcement members are cast into the concrete structure during the casting process.
- the concrete reinforcement members may contribute to the mechanical performance of the concrete structure, by acting in composite action with the concrete structure.
- individual and separate channels adapted for fixing of the external systems can be cast into in the concrete structure during the casting process.
- this is routinely done on the top horizontal face of the floor slab, since the individual channels can be easily positioned without any clash with the continuous perimeter.
- edge-formwork element with an externally opening channel being prefixed on the edge-formwork element.
- This includes edge-formwork elements in the form or an L-shaped assembly, formed by welding or bolting a plurality of plates to the channel.
- the load capacity of the mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, and the individual channels are typically limited by the pull-out capacity of the concrete structure.
- various limitations such as anchor spacing, edge distance and concrete thickness have to be adhered to, such that the concrete structure is adequate in resisting the associated forces. Often, this renders the mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, and the individual channels unsuitable for use near the edges of the concrete structure, or in instances where the concrete structure is not thick enough.
- the mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, and the individual channels may also clash with the profiled steel sheets.
- the present invention seeks to provide a formwork element which will overcome or substantially ameliorate at least some of the deficiencies of the prior art, or to at least provide an alternative.
- the formwork element includes a side wall, against which concrete is poured to define a side of the slab, and a lateral flange that covers a top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab;
- the lateral flange has a grip that extends into a main body of the slab in a vertical direction, to form a space between the grip and the side wall, which is substantially filled with concrete such that the concrete locks into the space and structurally integrates the element with the concrete slab;
- the lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to serve as an anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure by being fitted to the formwork element, and wherein:
- the side wall includes an integrated channel, that is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element to provide another anchor site for the load transfer member.
- the grip is formed as an indent projecting inwardly from the bottom peripheral edge of the slab.
- the groove is formed at a reverse side of the indent.
- the indent includes an angled first section that extends into the body of the slab and a return section that acts as a barrier to restrict concrete being poured over the indent and into the groove.
- the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a grip that extends downwardly into the main body of the slab.
- the second lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to provide a second anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure.
- the formwork element is formed as a single piece, with radiused corners between the side wall, lateral flange and grip, to reduce stress concentration.
- a construction assembly including the composite structure, as described above and a load transfer member attached to the formwork element.
- the member is an external load transfer member and the assembly further includes a attachment adapted to attach the member to the formwork element by clamping on to the anchor site.
- the groove extends lengthwise of the formwork element to allow adjustment of the lengthwise positioning of the attachment relative to the formwork element.
- the lateral flange projects from a bottom of the side wall and the grip extends upwardly into the body of the slab
- the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a grip that extends downwardly into the main body of the slab to provide a second anchor point, and wherein the attachment is adapted to clamp on to one or both of the first and second anchor sites.
- the side wall includes an integrated channel, that is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element, and wherein the member is cantilevered into the cavity.
- assembly further includes an internal load transfer member with an attachment that connects into the space between the associated grip, side wall and the integrated channel.
- a formwork element for use in the composite structure described above, including a side wall, against which concrete is poured to define a side of a concrete slab, and a lateral flange that covers a top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab, wherein:
- the lateral flange has a grip adapted to extend into a main body of the slab in a vertical direction, to form a space between the grip and the side wall, which is substantially filled with concrete such that the concrete locks into the space and structurally integrates the element with the concrete slab, and wherein:
- the lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to serve as an anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure by being fitted to the formwork element, and wherein:
- the side wall includes an integrated channel, that is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element to provide another anchor site for the load transfer member.
- the grip is formed as an indent arranged to project inwardly from the bottom peripheral edge of the slab.
- the groove is formed at a reverse side of the indent.
- the indent includes an angled first section that arranged to extend into the body of the slab and a return section that acts as a barrier to restrict concrete being poured over the indent and into the groove, during pouring of the slab.
- the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a downwardly extending grip.
- the second lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange to provide a second anchor site for the load transfer member.
- the formwork element of claim 16 formed as a single piece, with radiused corners between the side wall, lateral flange and grip, to reduce stress concentration.
- the formwork element is formed by a process of bending a single sheet of material.
- FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a formwork element
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of in integrated channel of the formwork element
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of formwork
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a composite structure
- FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the formwork
- FIG. 6A is a profile of a formwork element
- FIG. 6B is a profile of another formwork element
- FIG. 6C is a profile of yet another formwork element
- FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of another example of a formwork element
- FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of the formwork element of FIG. 8 , with a load transfer member fitted into an integrated channel of the element;
- FIG. 9A is a perspective view of another example of a load transfer member
- FIG. 9B is a perspective view of a further example of a load transfer member
- FIG. 9C is a perspective view of another load transfer member
- FIG. 9D is a perspective view of yet another load transfer member
- FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of an external load transfer member fitted to the formwork element
- FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of another formwork element, without an integrated channel
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of formwork, including the element of FIG. 11 ;
- FIG. 13 is cross-sectional view of a composite structure, incorporating the formwork of FIG. 12 ;
- FIG. 14 is a side view of a section of the formwork
- FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of the formwork element with an external load transfer member attached
- FIG. 16 illustrates another example of formwork element
- FIG. 17 is a cross-section view of an other example of a formwork element with an external and internal load transfer member attached;
- FIG. 18A is a perspective view of an example of an external load transfer member
- FIG. 18B is a perspective view showing parts of the load transfer member separated.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a formwork element with internal and external load transfer members.
- a formwork element 1 has a side wall 2 , with a lateral flange 3 projecting from a bottom end 4 of the side wall 2 , to form a base 5 of the element 1 .
- a second flange 6 projects from a top end 7 of the side wall 2 .
- the second flange 6 is angled downwardly to form a grip 8 .
- the side wall 2 includes an integrated channel 9 , shown in more detail in FIG. 2 .
- the channel 9 has a reduced dimension entrance 10 , defined between shoulders 11 , on one side 12 of the wall 2 .
- the channel 9 is formed by an enlarged ridge portion 13 that projects to an opposite side 14 of the wall 2 so as to define an internal cavity 15 that preferably has a generally dovetail shape.
- the ridge portion 13 and channel 9 extend along the length of the element 1 .
- formwork 16 is shown as including a horizontal formwork sheet 17 and the formwork element 1 , which defines a peripheral edge 18 of the formwork 16 .
- the sheet 17 is positioned on the base 5 of the element 1 , between the channel 9 and the flange 3 .
- a composite structure 20 is shown in FIG. 4 as including a concrete slab 21 formed of concrete that has been poured into the formwork 16 and allowed to set.
- Formwork elements 1 are positioned around all sides 22 of the slab 21 , in order to contain the concrete during the pouring operation.
- the slab 21 has a main body 23 with a top surface 24 and a bottom surface 25 .
- the flange 3 covers at least a portion of a bottom peripheral edge 26 of the slab 21 .
- the bottom surface 25 is formed on top of the sheet 17 , that in turn rests on the base 5 of each element 1 .
- the sheet 17 is designed to be left in the composite structure 20 .
- the sheet 17 may be replaced by structure such as timber formwork (not shown) that can be stripped out of the composite structure 20 after the concrete has set.
- the enlarged ridge portion 13 serves to structurally integrate the formwork element 1 in the slab 21 , while the flange 6 offers similar functionality.
- the grip 8 is cast into the slab 21 and projects in a vertically downward direction into the body 23 to form a space 27 between the side wall 2 and the grip 8 .
- concrete is initially poured over the sheet 17 and then up against the side wall 2 , to form the sides 28 of the slab 21 .
- Continued pouring of the concrete up to the top surface 24 causes concrete to fill the space 27 and, when set, the concrete forms a mechanical lock with the flange 6 to further integrate the formwork element 1 into the composite structure 20 .
- the formwork 16 includes a diagonal brace 19 to provide lateral support to the side wall 2 of the element 1 , during the pouring operation.
- the brace 19 is attached directly to an upper side of the flange 6 and is secured to the sheet 17 using bolts 38 .
- FIG. 6A illustrates a channel 9 with a square cross section.
- FIG. 6B shows a channel 9 with an extended throat 29 , while FIG. 6C shows a more rounded channel 9 .
- FIG. 7 shows another formwork element 1 .
- the bottom flange 3 is formed with a grip 30 that extends in a vertical direction, upwardly from the base 8 .
- the grip 30 is in the form of an indent 31 and includes an angled first section 32 and a return section 33 .
- a groove 34 is formed in an external face 35 of the flange 3 , at a reverse side 36 of the indent 31 .
- the indent 31 and the groove 34 extend lengthwise of the element 1 .
- the flange 3 When incorporated in a composite structure, the flange 3 extends over a bottom peripheral edge of an associated concrete slab (not shown) and the indent 31 projects vertically into the slab.
- the space 27 between the indent 31 and the wall 2 serves as a mechanical lock, when filled with concrete, to further integrate the element 1 in the composite structure.
- the groove 34 also serves as an anchor point for attachment of a load transfer member (such as described with reference to FIG. 15 , for example).
- the assembly 40 includes the formwork element 1 of FIG. 7 and an external load transfer member 41 attached to the element 1 .
- the element 1 is embedded in a concrete slab (not shown), which has been omitted for clarity.
- the member 41 is shown with an angled attachment 42 inserted into the channel 9 so that the member 41 is cantilevered to the element 1 .
- the lengthwise positioning of the member 41 can be adjusted by simply sliding the member 41 along the elongate channel 9 , as required.
- the attachment 42 is a tapered wedge 43 with a threaded coupling 44 .
- the wedge is designed to be rotated from a sideways insertion orientation to the installed orientation, as shown.
- FIG. 9B shows the attachment 42 in the form of two plates 45 , with bolt hole couplings 46 .
- FIG. 9C illustrates the attachment 42 as a single piece wedge-shaped plate 47 , with coupling holes 48 .
- FIG. 9D shows the attachment 42 as a wedge 49 .
- FIG. 10 another construction assembly 40 is illustrated, with a formwork element similar to the element 1 shown in FIG. 8 , and like reference numerals are used to denote like parts.
- the difference between the elements 1 of FIGS. 8 and 10 is the top lateral flange 6 in FIG. 10 is formed with a differently configured grip 50 .
- the flange 6 is designed to extend over a top peripheral edge of a slab (not shown) and the grip 50 includes an indent 51 that projects in a vertically downward direction.
- the indent includes a downwardly angled section 52 and a return section 53 , so as to form a groove 54 in an external face 57 of the flange 6 , at a reverse side 58 of the indent 51 .
- the space 27 between the indent 51 and the wall 2 serves as a mechanical lock, when filled with concrete, to assist in integrating the formwork element 1 into a composite structure including a concrete slab (not shown) and the element 1 .
- the groove 54 provides an anchor site 59 for an external load bearing member 41 .
- the member 41 has an attachment 42 formed of two jaws 55 , 56 .
- the jaw 55 is mounted in the channel 9 and the jaw 56 is clamped over the top of the side wall 2 and into the groove 54 .
- FIG. 11 where like reference numerals are used to denote like parts, another formwork element 60 is shown.
- the element 60 is similar to that shown in FIG. 10 , except the integrated channel 9 has been removed and the side wall 2 is formed as a simple vertical wall.
- the element 60 otherwise has the same features and includes a lower flange 3 with a grip 30 is in the form of an indent 31 that includes an angled first section 32 and a return section 33 .
- a groove 34 is formed in an external face 35 of the flange 3 , at a reverse side 36 of the indent 31 .
- the indent 31 and the groove 34 extend lengthwise of the element 1 .
- the element 60 also includes a grip 50 in the upper flange 6 .
- the grip 50 includes an indent 51 that projects in a vertically downward direction.
- the indent 51 has a downwardly angled section 51 and a return section 52 , so as to form a groove 53 in an external face of the flange 6 , at a reverse side 57 of the indent 51 .
- FIG. 12 shows formwork 61 that includes a formwork sheet 62 and the formwork element 60 that supports the sheet 62 on the base 5 .
- a composite structure 20 that incorporates the formwork elements 60 is shown.
- the flange 6 covers the top peripheral edge of the slab 21 and the top surface 24 of the slab 21 is level with the return section 52 of the indent 51 .
- the return section 52 provides a barrier 63 , to restrict concrete from being poured into the groove 53 during formation of the slab 21 .
- the lower flange 3 covers a bottom peripheral edge of the slab 21 and forms the base 5 that supports the sheet 62 .
- the grip 30 projects upwardly into the slab 21 , to provide a mechanical lock with the concrete in the space between the grip 30 and the side wall 2 .
- the associated groove 34 also forms an anchor site 65 for attachment of a load transfer member, as described below with reference to FIG. 15 .
- the formwork 61 may includes a diagonal brace 64 between the sheet 62 and the flange 6 , to provide structural support to the formwork element 60 as the slab is being poured.
- the brace 64 is attached to an underside 65 of the flange 6 , so as to leave the groove 53 clear of obstruction.
- a construction assembly 70 that includes the formwork element 60 and an external load transfer member 71 .
- the member includes an attachment 42 , formed of two parts 63 , 64 , that clamps onto anchor sites 59 , 65 provided by the grooves 34 , 54 .
- the grooves 34 , 54 extend lengthwise of the element 60 so that position of the attachment 42 can be adjusted, as required.
- FIG. 16 illustrates another version of the assembly 70 , where the grooves 34 , 54 have a profile that is more square shaped jaws 66 , 67 of the parts 63 , 64 of the attachment 42 are modified to suit.
- FIG. 17 shows another formwork element 72 of a construction assembly 73 .
- the formwork element 72 includes an integrated channel 9 cast into a slab 21 .
- An external load transfer member 74 is fitted to the element 72 via a head 75 that fits inside the channel 9 , through the opening 10 formed in the side 12 of the element 72 .
- a lock device 76 with a screw tensioning mechanism 77 allows the member 74 to be secured in place.
- An internal load transfer member 78 is attached to the enlarged ridge portion 13 .
- the member 78 is in the form of a clamp 79 that is connected to a tensioning rod 80 , reinforcing bar, or the like embedded in the slab 21 .
- FIGS. 18A and 18 B show the clamp 79 as being formed in two parts 81 , 82 so that each part 81 , 82 can be positioned around the ridge portion 13 of FIG. 17 and then slid laterally into engagement.
- the construction assembly 40 if FIG. 10 is shown as including a further, internal load transfer member 83 .
- the member 83 has an attachment 84 that is fitted into the space 27 between the grip 50 , the side wall 2 and the ridge portion 13 so as to wedge the attachment 84 in place.
- the attachment 84 is connected to a reinforcing bar 85 or the like that can be used to either support the element 1 during pouring of the slab and/or to provide for further mechanical integration of the element with the construction assembly 40 .
- the formwork element 1 is preferably made from a single piece of sheet material, such as corrosion resistance treated steel.
- the element 1 is formed by a process of bending so that there are no sharp corners and all the joins between, say, the flanges 3 , 6 , grips 30 , 50 , channel 9 and wall 2 are radiused, which helps reduce stress concentrations in the element.
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
A composite structure formed of a concrete slab and an integrated formwork element, wherein: the formwork element includes a side wall, against which concrete is poured to define a side of the slab, and a lateral flange that covers a top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab, wherein: the lateral flange has a grip that extends into a main body of the slab in a vertical direction, to form a space between the grip and the side wall, which is substantially filled with concrete such that the concrete locks into the space and structurally integrates the element with the concrete slab: and wherein: the lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to serve as an anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure by being fitted to the formwork element.
Description
- The application claims priority from Australian Patent Application Number AU2013206540, the content of which is incorporated in entirety by reference.
- The present invention relates to a formwork element, a composite structure including a concrete slab and the formwork element, and to a construction assembly with a load transfer member attached to the formwork element.
- Formwork elements are typically used in in-situ, or precast, for casting of concrete structures for construction of a building. In the casting process, a continuous perimeter is first formed by positioning a plurality of profiled steel sheets positioned in an edge to edge arrangement as required to form a base, with a plurality of edge-formwork elements that define the outer edges of the concrete structure. Subsequently, wet concrete is poured within the continuous perimeter forming the concrete structure.
- In existing arrangements, the profiled steel sheets and edge formwork elements may contribute to the mechanical performance of the concrete structure by acting in composite action with the concrete structure. In other arrangements, the profiled steel sheets and edge formwork elements do not make a contribution to the mechanical performance but act as lost formwork only.
- Typically, concrete reinforcement members such as steel bars may be positioned within the continuous perimeter prior to pouring of the wet concrete, such that the concrete reinforcement members are cast into the concrete structure during the casting process. The concrete reinforcement members may contribute to the mechanical performance of the concrete structure, by acting in composite action with the concrete structure.
- Often, external systems such as curtain walls, green walls, masonry walls, secondary steel frames, cladding systems, temporary protection, balustrades, or signage, are required to be fixed to the concrete structure after the casting process. In the example of a concrete floor slab, fixing is conventionally achieved by bolting attachments to a top horizontal face or a vertical edge of the floor slab. Although this can be achieved by drilling into the floor slab and subsequently introducing suitable fixing members such as mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, this arrangement is typically time consuming. The process of drilling can be complicated by the presence of the concrete reinforcement members in the concrete structure, since typical concrete drills are usually unsuitable for use in penetrating the concrete reinforcement members.
- Alternatively, individual and separate channels adapted for fixing of the external systems can be cast into in the concrete structure during the casting process. In the example of the concrete floor slab, this is routinely done on the top horizontal face of the floor slab, since the individual channels can be easily positioned without any clash with the continuous perimeter.
- In circumstances wherein fixing is required at the vertical edge of the floor slab, one or more steps of, for example, on-site or off-site manipulation are typically required, such that the individual channels are integrated with the edge-formwork element prior to pouring of the wet concrete. This results in a labour intensive construction process, especially since the edge-formwork element is often required to be stripped off the floor slab after the casting process, in order for the individual channels to be revealed.
- There have been various attempts to overcome this by providing an edge-formwork element with an externally opening channel being prefixed on the edge-formwork element. This includes edge-formwork elements in the form or an L-shaped assembly, formed by welding or bolting a plurality of plates to the channel. Although the resulting element simplifies the construction process, the element is typically costly due to a labour intensive manufacturing process.
- In addition to the above, in use, the load capacity of the mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, and the individual channels, are typically limited by the pull-out capacity of the concrete structure. As such, in use of the mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, and the individual channels, various limitations such as anchor spacing, edge distance and concrete thickness have to be adhered to, such that the concrete structure is adequate in resisting the associated forces. Often, this renders the mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, and the individual channels unsuitable for use near the edges of the concrete structure, or in instances where the concrete structure is not thick enough. In use, the mechanical or chemical concrete anchors, and the individual channels may also clash with the profiled steel sheets.
- The present invention seeks to provide a formwork element which will overcome or substantially ameliorate at least some of the deficiencies of the prior art, or to at least provide an alternative.
- It is to be understood that, if any prior art is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the information forms part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
- In accordance with the invention, there is provided a composite structure formed of a concrete slab and an integrated formwork element, wherein:
- the formwork element includes a side wall, against which concrete is poured to define a side of the slab, and a lateral flange that covers a top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab; wherein:
- the lateral flange has a grip that extends into a main body of the slab in a vertical direction, to form a space between the grip and the side wall, which is substantially filled with concrete such that the concrete locks into the space and structurally integrates the element with the concrete slab; and wherein:
- the lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to serve as an anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure by being fitted to the formwork element, and wherein:
- the side wall includes an integrated channel, that is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element to provide another anchor site for the load transfer member.
- Preferably, the grip is formed as an indent projecting inwardly from the bottom peripheral edge of the slab.
- Preferably, the groove is formed at a reverse side of the indent.
- Preferably, the indent includes an angled first section that extends into the body of the slab and a return section that acts as a barrier to restrict concrete being poured over the indent and into the groove.
- Preferably, the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a grip that extends downwardly into the main body of the slab.
- Preferably, the second lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to provide a second anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure.
- Preferably, the formwork element is formed as a single piece, with radiused corners between the side wall, lateral flange and grip, to reduce stress concentration.
- In another aspect, there is provided a construction assembly including the composite structure, as described above and a load transfer member attached to the formwork element.
- Preferably, the member is an external load transfer member and the assembly further includes a attachment adapted to attach the member to the formwork element by clamping on to the anchor site.
- Preferably, the groove extends lengthwise of the formwork element to allow adjustment of the lengthwise positioning of the attachment relative to the formwork element.
- Preferably, the lateral flange projects from a bottom of the side wall and the grip extends upwardly into the body of the slab, the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a grip that extends downwardly into the main body of the slab to provide a second anchor point, and wherein the attachment is adapted to clamp on to one or both of the first and second anchor sites.
- Preferably, the side wall includes an integrated channel, that is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element, and wherein the member is cantilevered into the cavity.
- Preferably, assembly further includes an internal load transfer member with an attachment that connects into the space between the associated grip, side wall and the integrated channel.
- In another aspect, there is provided a formwork element for use in the composite structure described above, including a side wall, against which concrete is poured to define a side of a concrete slab, and a lateral flange that covers a top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab, wherein:
- the lateral flange has a grip adapted to extend into a main body of the slab in a vertical direction, to form a space between the grip and the side wall, which is substantially filled with concrete such that the concrete locks into the space and structurally integrates the element with the concrete slab, and wherein:
- the lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to serve as an anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure by being fitted to the formwork element, and wherein:
- the side wall includes an integrated channel, that is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element to provide another anchor site for the load transfer member.
- Preferably, the grip is formed as an indent arranged to project inwardly from the bottom peripheral edge of the slab.
- Preferably, the groove is formed at a reverse side of the indent.
- Preferably, the indent includes an angled first section that arranged to extend into the body of the slab and a return section that acts as a barrier to restrict concrete being poured over the indent and into the groove, during pouring of the slab.
- Preferably, the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a downwardly extending grip.
- Preferably, the second lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange to provide a second anchor site for the load transfer member.
- Preferably, the formwork element of
claim 16, formed as a single piece, with radiused corners between the side wall, lateral flange and grip, to reduce stress concentration. - Preferably, the formwork element is formed by a process of bending a single sheet of material.
- The invention is described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a formwork element; -
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of in integrated channel of the formwork element; -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of formwork; -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a composite structure; -
FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the formwork; -
FIG. 6A is a profile of a formwork element; -
FIG. 6B is a profile of another formwork element; -
FIG. 6C is a profile of yet another formwork element; -
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of another example of a formwork element; -
FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of the formwork element ofFIG. 8 , with a load transfer member fitted into an integrated channel of the element; -
FIG. 9A is a perspective view of another example of a load transfer member; -
FIG. 9B is a perspective view of a further example of a load transfer member; -
FIG. 9C is a perspective view of another load transfer member; -
FIG. 9D is a perspective view of yet another load transfer member; -
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of an external load transfer member fitted to the formwork element; -
FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of another formwork element, without an integrated channel; -
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of formwork, including the element ofFIG. 11 ; -
FIG. 13 is cross-sectional view of a composite structure, incorporating the formwork ofFIG. 12 ; -
FIG. 14 is a side view of a section of the formwork; -
FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of the formwork element with an external load transfer member attached; -
FIG. 16 illustrates another example of formwork element; -
FIG. 17 is a cross-section view of an other example of a formwork element with an external and internal load transfer member attached; -
FIG. 18A is a perspective view of an example of an external load transfer member; -
FIG. 18B is a perspective view showing parts of the load transfer member separated; and -
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a formwork element with internal and external load transfer members. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , a formwork element 1 has aside wall 2, with alateral flange 3 projecting from abottom end 4 of theside wall 2, to form abase 5 of the element 1. Asecond flange 6 projects from a top end 7 of theside wall 2. Thesecond flange 6 is angled downwardly to form agrip 8. - The
side wall 2 includes anintegrated channel 9, shown in more detail inFIG. 2 . Thechannel 9 has a reduceddimension entrance 10, defined betweenshoulders 11, on oneside 12 of thewall 2. Thechannel 9 is formed by anenlarged ridge portion 13 that projects to anopposite side 14 of thewall 2 so as to define an internal cavity 15 that preferably has a generally dovetail shape. Theridge portion 13 andchannel 9 extend along the length of the element 1. - Referring now to
FIG. 3 ,formwork 16 is shown as including ahorizontal formwork sheet 17 and the formwork element 1, which defines aperipheral edge 18 of theformwork 16. Thesheet 17 is positioned on thebase 5 of the element 1, between thechannel 9 and theflange 3. - A
composite structure 20 is shown inFIG. 4 as including aconcrete slab 21 formed of concrete that has been poured into theformwork 16 and allowed to set. Formwork elements 1 are positioned around allsides 22 of theslab 21, in order to contain the concrete during the pouring operation. - The
slab 21 has amain body 23 with atop surface 24 and abottom surface 25. Theflange 3 covers at least a portion of a bottomperipheral edge 26 of theslab 21. Thebottom surface 25 is formed on top of thesheet 17, that in turn rests on thebase 5 of each element 1. In this case, thesheet 17 is designed to be left in thecomposite structure 20. In an alternative, thesheet 17 may be replaced by structure such as timber formwork (not shown) that can be stripped out of thecomposite structure 20 after the concrete has set. - The
enlarged ridge portion 13 serves to structurally integrate the formwork element 1 in theslab 21, while theflange 6 offers similar functionality. In particular, thegrip 8 is cast into theslab 21 and projects in a vertically downward direction into thebody 23 to form aspace 27 between theside wall 2 and thegrip 8. In order to form theslab 21, concrete is initially poured over thesheet 17 and then up against theside wall 2, to form thesides 28 of theslab 21. Continued pouring of the concrete up to thetop surface 24 causes concrete to fill thespace 27 and, when set, the concrete forms a mechanical lock with theflange 6 to further integrate the formwork element 1 into thecomposite structure 20. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , theformwork 16 includes adiagonal brace 19 to provide lateral support to theside wall 2 of the element 1, during the pouring operation. Thebrace 19 is attached directly to an upper side of theflange 6 and is secured to thesheet 17 usingbolts 38. - With reference to
FIGS. 6A to 6C , where like parts are denoted with like reference numerals, formwork elements 1 are shown, each with a different shapedintegrated channel 9.FIG. 6A illustrates achannel 9 with a square cross section.FIG. 6B shows achannel 9 with anextended throat 29, whileFIG. 6C shows a morerounded channel 9. - With regard to
FIG. 7 , like reference numerals are again used to denote like parts.FIG. 7 shows another formwork element 1. However, in this case, thebottom flange 3 is formed with agrip 30 that extends in a vertical direction, upwardly from thebase 8. - The
grip 30 is in the form of anindent 31 and includes an angledfirst section 32 and areturn section 33. Agroove 34 is formed in anexternal face 35 of theflange 3, at areverse side 36 of theindent 31. Theindent 31 and thegroove 34 extend lengthwise of the element 1. - When incorporated in a composite structure, the
flange 3 extends over a bottom peripheral edge of an associated concrete slab (not shown) and theindent 31 projects vertically into the slab. Thespace 27 between theindent 31 and thewall 2 serves as a mechanical lock, when filled with concrete, to further integrate the element 1 in the composite structure. Thegroove 34 also serves as an anchor point for attachment of a load transfer member (such as described with reference toFIG. 15 , for example). - Referring to
FIG. 8 , aconstruction assembly 40 is illustrated. Like reference numerals are again used to denote like parts. Theassembly 40 includes the formwork element 1 ofFIG. 7 and an externalload transfer member 41 attached to the element 1. The element 1 is embedded in a concrete slab (not shown), which has been omitted for clarity. - The
member 41 is shown with anangled attachment 42 inserted into thechannel 9 so that themember 41 is cantilevered to the element 1. The lengthwise positioning of themember 41 can be adjusted by simply sliding themember 41 along theelongate channel 9, as required. - Referring to
FIG. 9 , different forms of theattachment 42 are shown. InFIG. 9A , theattachment 42 is a taperedwedge 43 with a threadedcoupling 44. The wedge is designed to be rotated from a sideways insertion orientation to the installed orientation, as shown. -
FIG. 9B shows theattachment 42 in the form of twoplates 45, withbolt hole couplings 46.FIG. 9C illustrates theattachment 42 as a single piece wedge-shapedplate 47, with coupling holes 48.FIG. 9D shows theattachment 42 as awedge 49. - With regard to
FIG. 10 , anotherconstruction assembly 40 is illustrated, with a formwork element similar to the element 1 shown inFIG. 8 , and like reference numerals are used to denote like parts. The difference between the elements 1 ofFIGS. 8 and 10 is the toplateral flange 6 inFIG. 10 is formed with a differently configuredgrip 50. - The
flange 6 is designed to extend over a top peripheral edge of a slab (not shown) and thegrip 50 includes anindent 51 that projects in a vertically downward direction. The indent includes a downwardly angledsection 52 and areturn section 53, so as to form agroove 54 in anexternal face 57 of theflange 6, at areverse side 58 of theindent 51. - The
space 27 between theindent 51 and thewall 2, serves as a mechanical lock, when filled with concrete, to assist in integrating the formwork element 1 into a composite structure including a concrete slab (not shown) and the element 1. - The
groove 54 provides ananchor site 59 for an externalload bearing member 41. In this case, themember 41 has anattachment 42 formed of twojaws 55, 56. Thejaw 55 is mounted in thechannel 9 and the jaw 56 is clamped over the top of theside wall 2 and into thegroove 54. - Turning now to
FIG. 11 , where like reference numerals are used to denote like parts, anotherformwork element 60 is shown. Theelement 60 is similar to that shown inFIG. 10 , except theintegrated channel 9 has been removed and theside wall 2 is formed as a simple vertical wall. Theelement 60 otherwise has the same features and includes alower flange 3 with agrip 30 is in the form of anindent 31 that includes an angledfirst section 32 and areturn section 33. Agroove 34 is formed in anexternal face 35 of theflange 3, at areverse side 36 of theindent 31. Theindent 31 and thegroove 34 extend lengthwise of the element 1. - The
element 60 also includes agrip 50 in theupper flange 6. Thegrip 50 includes anindent 51 that projects in a vertically downward direction. Theindent 51 has a downwardly angledsection 51 and areturn section 52, so as to form agroove 53 in an external face of theflange 6, at areverse side 57 of theindent 51. -
FIG. 12 shows formwork 61 that includes aformwork sheet 62 and theformwork element 60 that supports thesheet 62 on thebase 5. - With reference to
FIG. 13 , where like parts are denoted with like reference numerals, acomposite structure 20 that incorporates theformwork elements 60 is shown. As can be seen, theflange 6 covers the top peripheral edge of theslab 21 and thetop surface 24 of theslab 21 is level with thereturn section 52 of theindent 51. As such, thereturn section 52 provides abarrier 63, to restrict concrete from being poured into thegroove 53 during formation of theslab 21. - The
lower flange 3 covers a bottom peripheral edge of theslab 21 and forms thebase 5 that supports thesheet 62. Thegrip 30 projects upwardly into theslab 21, to provide a mechanical lock with the concrete in the space between thegrip 30 and theside wall 2. The associatedgroove 34 also forms ananchor site 65 for attachment of a load transfer member, as described below with reference toFIG. 15 . - With regard to
FIG. 14 , the formwork 61 may includes adiagonal brace 64 between thesheet 62 and theflange 6, to provide structural support to theformwork element 60 as the slab is being poured. Thebrace 64 is attached to anunderside 65 of theflange 6, so as to leave thegroove 53 clear of obstruction. - Turning now to
FIG. 15 , aconstruction assembly 70 is shown that includes theformwork element 60 and an externalload transfer member 71. The member includes anattachment 42, formed of twoparts anchor sites grooves grooves element 60 so that position of theattachment 42 can be adjusted, as required. -
FIG. 16 illustrates another version of theassembly 70, where thegrooves jaws parts attachment 42 are modified to suit. -
FIG. 17 shows another formwork element 72 of aconstruction assembly 73. The formwork element 72 includes anintegrated channel 9 cast into aslab 21. An externalload transfer member 74 is fitted to the element 72 via ahead 75 that fits inside thechannel 9, through theopening 10 formed in theside 12 of the element 72. Alock device 76 with ascrew tensioning mechanism 77 allows themember 74 to be secured in place. - An internal
load transfer member 78 is attached to theenlarged ridge portion 13. Themember 78 is in the form of aclamp 79 that is connected to atensioning rod 80, reinforcing bar, or the like embedded in theslab 21. -
FIGS. 18A and 18 B show theclamp 79 as being formed in twoparts part ridge portion 13 ofFIG. 17 and then slid laterally into engagement. - With reference to
FIG. 19 , theconstruction assembly 40 ifFIG. 10 is shown as including a further, internalload transfer member 83. Themember 83 has anattachment 84 that is fitted into thespace 27 between thegrip 50, theside wall 2 and theridge portion 13 so as to wedge theattachment 84 in place. Theattachment 84 is connected to a reinforcingbar 85 or the like that can be used to either support the element 1 during pouring of the slab and/or to provide for further mechanical integration of the element with theconstruction assembly 40. - In all the above embodiments, the formwork element 1 is preferably made from a single piece of sheet material, such as corrosion resistance treated steel. The element 1 is formed by a process of bending so that there are no sharp corners and all the joins between, say, the
flanges channel 9 andwall 2 are radiused, which helps reduce stress concentrations in the element. - It may be appreciated that although the formwork element has been described with reference to a concrete slab or structure, the invention has application to any other type of suitable material that.
- 1. Formwork element
- 2. Side wall
- 3. Flange
- 4. Bottom end
- 5. Base
- 6. Flange
- 7. Top end
- 8. Grip
- 9. Channel
- 10. Entrance
- 11. Shoulders
- 12. Side
- 13. Ridge portion
- 14. Opposite side
- 15. Cavity
- 16. Formwork
- 17. Formwork sheet
- 18. Peripheral edge
- 19. Brace
- 20. Composite structure
- 21. Slab
- 22. Side
- 23. Body
- 24. Top surface
- 25. Bottom surface
- 26. Bottom peripheral edge
- 27. Space
- 28. Side
- 29. Throat
- 30. Grip
- 31. Indent
- 32. First section
- 33. Return section
- 34. Groove
- 35. External face
- 36. Reverse side
- 37. Upper side
- 38. Bolts
- 39.
- 40. Construction assembly
- 41. Load transfer member
- 42. Attachment
- 43. Wedge
- 44. Coupling
- 45. Plate
- 46. Coupling
- 47. Plate
- 48. Coupling hole
- 49. Wedge
- 50. Grip
- 51. Indent
- 52. Angled section
- 53. Return section
- 54. Groove
- 55. Jaw
- 56. Jaw
- 57. Face
- 58. Reverse side
- 59. Anchor site
- 60. Formwork element
- 61. Formwork
- 62. Formwork sheet
- 63. Part
- 64. Part
- 65. Anchor site
- 66. Jaw
- 67. Jaw
- 68.
- 69.
- 70. Construction assembly
- 71. Load transfer member
- 72. Formwork element
- 73. Construction assembly
- 74. Load transfer mechanism
- 75. Head
- 76. Lock device
- 77. Tensioning mechanism
- 78. Load transfer member
- 79. Clamp
- 80. Rod
- 81. Part
- 82. Part
- 83. Internal load transfer member
- 84. Attachment
- 85. Bar
Claims (25)
1. A composite structure formed of a concrete slab and an integrated formwork element, wherein:
the formwork element includes a side wall, against which concrete is poured to define a side of the slab, and a lateral flange that covers a top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab, wherein:
the lateral flange has a grip that extends into a main body of the slab in a vertical direction, to form a space between the grip and the side wall, which is substantially filled with concrete such that the concrete locks into the space and structurally integrates the element with the concrete slab: and wherein:
the lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to serve as an anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure by being fitted to the formwork element.
2. The composite structure of claim 1 , wherein the grip is formed as an indent projecting inwardly from the associated top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab.
3. The composite structure of claim 2 , wherein the groove is formed at a reverse side of the indent.
4. The composite structure of claim 3 , wherein the indent includes an angled first section that extends into the body of the slab and a return section that acts as a barrier to restrict concrete being poured over the indent and into the groove.
5. The composite structure of claim 1 , wherein the side wall includes an integrated channel, that has is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element.
6. The composite structure of claim 2 , wherein the lateral flange projects from a bottom of the side all and the grip extends upwardly into the body of the slab.
7. The composite structure of claim 6 , wherein the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a grip that extends downwardly into the main body of the slab.
8. The composite structure of claim 7 , wherein the second lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, opposite the slab, to provide a second anchor site for a load transfer member attached externally of the composite structure.
9. The composite structure of any one of claim 1 , wherein the formwork element is formed as a single piece, with radiused corners between the side wall, lateral flange and grip, to reduce stress concentration.
10. A construction assembly including the composite structure of claim 1 and a load transfer member attached to the formwork element.
11. The construction assembly of claim 10 , wherein the member is an external load transfer member that includes a attachment adapted to attach the member to the formwork element by clamping on to the anchor site.
12. The construction assembly of claim 11 , wherein the groove extends lengthwise of the formwork element to allow adjustment of the lengthwise positioning of the attachment relative to the formwork element.
13. The construction assembly of claim 12 , wherein the lateral flange projects from a bottom of the side wall and the grip extends upwardly into the body of the slab, the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a grip that extends downwardly into the main body of the slab to provide a second anchor point, and wherein the attachment is adapted to clamp on to one or both of first and second anchor sites.
14. The construction assembly of any one of claims 10 to 13 , wherein the side wall includes an integrated channel, that is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the channel having an enlarged cavity extending into the main body of the slab on an opposite side of the wall, lengthwise of the formwork element, and wherein the member is cantilevered into the cavity.
15. The construction assembly of claim 14 , further including an internal load transfer member with an attachment that connects into the space between the associated grip, side wall and the integrated channel.
16. A formwork element for use in the composite structure of claim 1 , including a side wall, against which concrete is poured to define a side of a concrete slab, and a lateral flange that covers a top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab, wherein:
the lateral flange has a grip adapted to extend into a main body of the slab in a vertical direction, to form a space between the grip and the side wall, which is substantially filled with concrete such that the concrete locks into the space in order to structurally integrates the element with the concrete slab: and wherein
the lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange, to serve as an anchor site for a load transfer member fitted to the formwork element.
17. The formwork element of claim 16 , wherein the grip is formed as an indent arranged to project inwardly from the associated top or bottom peripheral edge of the slab.
18. The formwork element of claim 17 , wherein the groove is formed at a reverse side of the indent.
19. The formwork element of claim 18 , wherein the indent includes an angled first section that arranged to extend into the body of the slab and a return section that acts as a barrier to restrict concrete being poured over the indent and into the groove, during pouring of the slab.
20. The formwork element of claim 16 , wherein the side wall includes an integrated channel, that has is accessible from one side of the side wall, through a reduced dimension entrance defined between opposed shoulders of the channel, the side all projecting from an opposite side so as to define an enlarged internal cavity, lengthwise of the formwork element.
21. The formwork element of claim 16 , wherein the lateral flange projects from a bottom of the side wall and the grip extends upwardly.
22. The formwork element of claim 21 , wherein the formwork element includes a second lateral flange that projects from a top of the side wall, the second lateral flange having a downwardly extending grip.
23. The formwork element of claim 22 , wherein the second lateral flange has a groove formed in an external face of the flange to provide a second anchor site for the load transfer member.
24. The formwork element of claim 16 , formed as a single piece, with radiused corners between the side wall, lateral flange and grip, to reduce stress concentration.
25. The formwork element of claim 24 , formed by a process of bending a single sheet of material.
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AU2013206540 | 2013-06-26 | ||
AU2013206540A AU2013206540B1 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2013-06-26 | An edge-formwork element with integrated channel |
PCT/AU2014/050097 WO2014205521A1 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2014-06-26 | Formwork element |
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US20160289982A1 true US20160289982A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
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CN (1) | CN105637159A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2013206540B1 (en) |
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CN112922350A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆第二师范学院 | Secondary structure wall lacing wire structure for building engineering and construction method |
CN113216617A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 中建八局南方建设有限公司 | Door buttress forming auxiliary device, door buttress structure and construction method thereof |
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AT14356U1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2015-09-15 | Innovametall Stahl Und Metallbau Gmbh | Base plate, especially for a balcony |
CN112982959B (en) * | 2021-02-28 | 2022-12-20 | 晟通科技集团有限公司 | Pull tab type formwork system |
CN117927011A (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-04-26 | 太原建工集团有限公司 | Construction process of frame structure under aluminum alloy building template system |
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- 2014-06-26 US US14/392,257 patent/US20160289982A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-06-26 CN CN201480045892.5A patent/CN105637159A/en active Pending
- 2014-06-26 DE DE112014003024.4T patent/DE112014003024T5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-06-26 GB GB1600997.9A patent/GB2529995A/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2016-09-02 HK HK16110499.7A patent/HK1222422A1/en unknown
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CN108501202A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-07 | 鹤岗鹏程科技有限公司 | A kind of prestressed concrete sound barrier manufacture craft |
CN112922350A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆第二师范学院 | Secondary structure wall lacing wire structure for building engineering and construction method |
CN113216617A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 中建八局南方建设有限公司 | Door buttress forming auxiliary device, door buttress structure and construction method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105637159A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
GB201600997D0 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
GB2529995A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
SG11201606343RA (en) | 2016-09-29 |
DE112014003024T5 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
HK1222422A1 (en) | 2017-06-30 |
AU2013206540B1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
WO2014205521A1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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