US20150168044A1 - Air conditioner and method of controlling an air conditioner - Google Patents
Air conditioner and method of controlling an air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- US20150168044A1 US20150168044A1 US14/571,578 US201414571578A US2015168044A1 US 20150168044 A1 US20150168044 A1 US 20150168044A1 US 201414571578 A US201414571578 A US 201414571578A US 2015168044 A1 US2015168044 A1 US 2015168044A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/02—Subcoolers
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- F25B41/003—
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- F25B41/04—
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0254—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/23—Separators
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/24—Low amount of refrigerant in the system
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/29—High ambient temperatures
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/027—Compressor control by controlling pressure
- F25B2600/0271—Compressor control by controlling pressure the discharge pressure
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25B2600/00—Control issues
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- F25B2600/027—Compressor control by controlling pressure
- F25B2600/0272—Compressor control by controlling pressure the suction pressure
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2509—Economiser valves
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- An air conditioner and a method of controlling an air conditioner are disclosed herein.
- Air conditioners are appliances that maintain air within a predetermined space in a most proper state according to a use and purpose thereof.
- such an air conditioner may include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and evaporator.
- the air conditioner has a refrigerant cycle in which compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation processes of a refrigerant are performed.
- the air conditioner may heat or cool the predetermined space.
- the predetermined space may be variously provided according to a place at which the air conditioner is used.
- the predetermined space may be an indoor space of a house or building.
- the predetermined space may be a space in which a person rides.
- an outdoor heat-exchanger provided in an outdoor unit or device may serve as a condenser, and an indoor heat-exchanger provided in an indoor unit or device may serve as an evaporator.
- the indoor heat-exchanger may serve as the condenser, and the outdoor heat-exchanger may serve as the evaporator.
- an air conditioner may include a compressor, a gas/liquid separator to separate a gaseous refrigerant to introduce the separated gaseous refrigerant into the compressor, a flow switching part or switch to switch a flow direction of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and outdoor and indoor heat-exchangers.
- the air conditioner performs a cooling operation, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor may be introduced into the outdoor heat-exchanger via the flow switching part. Then, the refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat-exchanger may be decompressed in an expansion device and evaporated in the indoor heat-exchanger.
- the refrigerant compressed in the compressor may be introduced into the indoor heat-exchanger via the flow switching part. Then, the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat-exchanger may be decompressed in an expansion device and evaporated in the outdoor heat-exchanger.
- the refrigerant compressed in the compressor may generally have a pressure (high pressure) within a predetermined range.
- the high pressure may rise to an abnormal range during operation. For example, if external air changes in temperature, or an amount of refrigerant circulating in the cycle is not suitable, the high pressure may rise.
- a time taken to allow the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to circulate according to a length of a tube may increase when a system initially operates.
- a pressure of a compressor suction inlet may be significantly lowered.
- an oil forming phenomenon may occur within the compressor, or the compressor may operate out of an operable range thereof, deteriorating reliability.
- the compressor according to the related art operates at a lowest frequency.
- the air conditioner according to the related art performs the cooling or heating operation, a target high-pressure or a target low-pressure of the compressor may be initially set, and an operation high-pressure or low-pressure of the operating compressor detected.
- the detected operation high-pressure or operation low-pressure and the set target high-pressure or target low-pressure may be compared to each other to determine an operation state of the compressor. That is, it is determined whether the operation high-pressure detected by a high-pressure sensor is above the target high-pressure and whether the operation low-pressure detected by a low-pressure sensor is below the target low-pressure.
- the target high-pressure and the target low-pressure may be changed and reset. That is, when a difference between the operation high-pressure and the operation low-pressure is less than a difference between the target high-pressure and the target low-pressure, the target pressure may be reset so that an operation pressure corresponding to an indoor load is generated.
- the compressor may be variably controlled to allow the operation low-pressure to reach the target low-pressure.
- the operation high-pressure or low-pressure of the air conditioner may be detected, and the detected operation high-pressure or operation low-pressure may be compared to the initially set target high-pressure or target low-pressure to change a target value so that a difference between the high-pressure and the low-pressure belongs to a predetermined range to prevent the difference between the operation pressure and the target pressure from being excessive, thereby allowing a protection operation for the compressor to be performed.
- operation of the compressor may be controllable on the basis of operation frequency in the related art. More particularly, the compressor may operate at a lowest frequency during the low load operation to control an operation factor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of components of an air conditioner according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a cycle view illustrating a flow rate adjustment path of the air conditioner of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of components for controlling a flow rate of the air conditioner of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of controlling an air conditioner when the air conditioner operates at a low load according to an embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating operation efficiency when the air conditioner according to an embodiment operates at the low load.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment.
- air conditioner 10 may include a plurality of compressors 110 and 112 .
- the plurality of compressors 110 and 112 may include a first compressor 110 and a second compressor 112 , which may be connected in parallel to each other.
- Oil separators 120 and 122 to separate oil from a discharged refrigerant may be disposed at outlet-sides of the plurality of compressors 110 and 112 , respectively.
- the oil separators 120 and 122 may include a first oil separator 120 disposed at the outlet-side of the first compressor 110 , and a second oil separator 122 disposed at the outlet-side of the second compressor 112 .
- a high-pressure sensor 125 to detect a discharge pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressors 110 and 112 , and a flow switching part or flow switch 130 to guide the refrigerant passing through the high-pressure sensor 125 to an outdoor heat-exchanger 200 or an indoor unit or device may be disposed at outlet-sides of the oil separators 120 and 122 .
- the flow switching part 130 may include a four-way valve.
- the refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat-exchanger 200 may be introduced into a supercooling heat-exchanger 240 .
- the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 may be understood as an intermediate heat-exchanger, in which a first refrigerant circulating into a system and a branched portion (a second refrigerant) of the first refrigerant may be heat-exchanged with each other.
- the first refrigerant may be supercooled while being heat-exchanged in the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 , and the second refrigerant may be heated.
- the air conditioner 10 may further include a supercooling passage 242 in which the second refrigerant is branched.
- a supercooling expansion device 243 to decompress the second refrigerant may be disposed in the supercooling passage 242 .
- the supercooling expansion device 243 may include an electronic expansion valve (EEV).
- the second refrigerant which may be heat-exchanged in the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 , may be introduced into the gas/liquid separator 250 or the first and second compressors 110 and 112 .
- the gas/liquid separator 250 may be configured to separate a gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant before the refrigerant is introduced into the compressors 110 and 112 .
- the separated gaseous refrigerant may be introduced into the first and second compressors 110 and 112 along a main suction passage 169 .
- a low-pressure sensor 126 to detect a pressure of the suctioned refrigerant may be further provided in the main suction passage 169 .
- a bypass valve 245 to control a turn-on/off operation or an opening degree of the bypass passage 244 may be disposed in the bypass passage 244 .
- the bypass valve 245 may include a solenoid valve.
- a receiver outlet valve 254 to adjust an amount of refrigerant discharged from the receiver 252 may be disposed in the receiver outlet tube 256 .
- An amount of refrigerant injected into the gas/liquid separator 250 may be adjusted by controlling an opening degree of the receiver outlet valve 254 .
- a remaining refrigerant, except for the refrigerant flowing into the receiver inlet tube 255 , of the first refrigerant passing through the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 may be introduced into the indoor unit through a connection tube 270 .
- the indoor heat-exchanger disposed in the indoor unit may serve as a “condenser”.
- the outdoor heat-exchanger 200 may serve as a “condenser”.
- a first valve 222 disposed in the variable passage 220 to adjust a flow of the refrigerant may be disposed in the outdoor heat-exchanger 200 .
- the first valve 222 may include an on/off-controllable valve.
- the refrigerant passing through the first heat-exchange part 210 may be selectively introduced into the second heat-exchange part 212 according to whether the first valve 222 is turned on or off.
- an amount of refrigerant flowing through the first outlet tube 230 may increase.
- an amount of refrigerant flowing through the second outlet tube 231 may increase.
- the first outlet tube 230 and the second outlet tube 231 may be combined with each other and be connected to the inlet-side tube of the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 .
- a low-load operation may be performed if a required load is low. Also, if an operation pressure is less than a preset or predetermined target pressure even when the low-load operation is performed, an operation factor may be controlled through bypassing of the refrigerant.
- a required load is determined.
- the required load may be determined on the basis of a number of operating indoor units or devices of a plurality of indoor units or devices, or a temperature of external air.
- steps S 11 to S 13 of FIG. 4 the more the number of indoor units (an indoor unit load) decreases, and the temperature of the external air increases when a heating operation is performed, the more the required load may decrease.
- a control unit or controller 150 may perform flow rate control processes, in steps S 15 to S 17 , to bypass refrigerant from the compressors 110 and 112 to gas/liquid separator 250 .
- bypass valve 245 may be opened or turned on, in step S 15 , and a fuzzy control of each of the first and second compressors 110 and 112 may be stopped, in step S 16 .
- the bypass valve 235 may be fully opened to secure a path through which the refrigerant may be bypassed from the first and second compressors 110 and 112 to the gas/liquid separator 250 , in steps S 15 and S 16 .
- an opening degree of the injection valve 248 may be adjusted to adjust an amount of refrigerant flowing into the bypass passage 244 from the first and second compressors 110 and 112 via first and second branch tubes 247 a and 247 b and injection passage 246 , in step S 17 .
- the bypass valve 245 and the injection valve 248 are opened, the refrigerant may flow from the first and second branch tubes 247 a and 247 b in which a relatively high-pressure may be generated, to the bypass passage 244 , in which a relatively low-pressure may be generated.
- the bypassing of the refrigerant from the injection passage 246 to the bypass passage 244 may be performed by adjusting an opening degree of the injection valve 248 , in a state in which the bypass valve 245 is opened, or may be performed by simultaneously controlling the opening of the bypass valve 245 and adjustment of the injection valve 248 .
- an amount of refrigerant within the first and second compressors 110 and 112 may be reduced to control the operation factor of each of the first and second compressors 110 and 112 and reduce performance of each of the first and second compressors 110 and 112 . While the operation factor of each of the first and second compressors 110 and 112 may be controlled, the operation pressure (the high-pressure and low-pressure) in a cycle may be variable.
- the control of the opening degree of the injection valve 248 may be performed until the operation pressure of the cycle reaches a target pressure. That is, the control of the opening degree of the injection valve 248 may be performed until the high-pressure of the operation pressure decreases to reach the target high-pressure, or the low-pressure of the operation pressure increases to reach the target low-pressure.
- the opening degree of the injection valve 248 may be determined based on whether a first difference valve between the operation high-pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor 125 and the preset target high-pressure, or a second difference value between the operation low-pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor 126 and the preset target low-pressure reach a preset or predetermined value or range. For example, when the air conditioner 10 performs a heating operation, the control for comparing the first difference valve may be performed. On the other hand, when the air conditioner 10 performs a cooling operation, the control for comparing the second difference value may be performed.
- the bypass flow of the refrigerant may be performed while the opening degree of the injection valve 248 is fuzzy-controlled on the basis of the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor 125 or the low-pressure sensor 126 .
- the bypass flow of the refrigerant may be performed until the operation pressure reaches the target pressure, in steps S 17 and S 18 .
- the bypass valve 245 When the injection valve 248 is closed, that is, when the opening degree of the injection valve 248 is zero, the bypass valve 245 may be controlled to be closed, and the first and second compressors 110 and 112 may be fuzzy-controlled to the preset frequency.
- the above-described control may be performed until the air conditioner 10 is turned off, in steps S 19 , S 20 , and S 21 .
- reference symbol 1 is understood as a pressure value that represents a target pressure
- reference symbol 2 is understood as a pressure value that represents an operation pressure when each of the compressors 110 and 112 operates at a low load.
- a case in which the pressure value 2 is greater than the operation pressure 1 may represent a state in which the operation pressure of the cycle exceeds the target pressure, in step S 14 of FIG. 4 .
- the operation pressure may be converged to the target pressure at a time t 1 .
- the operation efficiency of the first and second compressors 110 and 112 according to the operation state may be improved.
- the bypass valve and the injection valve may be controlled to control the operation factor of the compressor. Therefore, unnecessary energy loss may be reduced, improving reliability of the product.
- Embodiments disclosed herein provide a method of controlling an air conditioner capable of controlling an operation factor of a compressor even though an operation pressure exceeds a target pressure (high/low pressure) when the compressor operates at a lowest frequency during a low load operation.
- Embodiments disclosed herein provide a method of controlling an air conditioner that may include determining whether a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of a number of indoor units or devices or a temperature of external air; performing a low-load operation of a compressor at a preset or predetermined frequency when the low-load condition is satisfied; detecting whether a operation pressure is out of a target pressure value or range while the low-load operation is performed; and bypassing a refrigerant from the compressor to a gas/liquid separator via an injection passage when the operation pressure is out of the target pressure value or range.
- the air conditioner may further include a bypass passage connected to the gas/liquid separator, and a first branch part or branch, from which the injection passage and the bypass passage may be branched.
- the bypassing of the refrigerant may include introducing the refrigerant into the gas/liquid separator by successively passing through the injection passage and the bypass passage.
- the air conditioner may further include a bypass valve disposed in the bypass passage to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the bypassing of the refrigerant may further include opening the bypass valve.
- the air conditioner may further include an injection valve disposed in the injection passage to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the bypassing of the refrigerant may include adjusting an opening degree of the injection valve.
- the air conditioner may further include first and second branch tubes branched from a second branch part or branch of the injection passage.
- the first branch tube may extend to a first compressor
- the second branch tube may extend to a second compressor.
- the air conditioner may further include a high-pressure sensor to detect a refrigerant discharge pressure of the compressor during the operation pressure, and a low-pressure sensor to detect a refrigerant suction pressure of the compressor during the operation pressure.
- the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve may be performed until the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure value or range.
- the target pressure value or range may include a value or range with respect to a preset or predetermined target high-pressure, and when the air conditioner performs a heating operation, the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve may be performed until the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor reaches the value or range with respect to the target high-pressure.
- the target pressure value or range may include a value or range with respect to a preset or predetermined target low-pressure, and when the air conditioner performs a cooling operation, the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve may be performed until the pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor reaches the value or range with respect to the target low-pressure.
- the bypass valve When the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or the low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure value or range, the bypass valve may be closed. When the operation pressure is out of the target pressure value or range, a fuzzy-control of the compressor may be stopped, and when the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or the low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure value or range, a fuzzy-control of the compressor may be performed.
- an air conditioner may include a compressor to compress a refrigerant; a gas/liquid separator disposed in or at a suction-side of the compressor to separate a gaseous refrigerant of the refrigerant, thereby supplying the separated gaseous refrigerant into the compressor; a condenser disposed in an outlet-side of the compressor to condense the refrigerant; a supercooler disposed on an outlet-side of the condenser; a first branch part disposed on or at an outlet-side of the supercooler; a bypass passage, in which a bypass valve may be disposed, the bypass passage extending from the first branch part to the gas/liquid separator; an injection passage, in which an injection valve may be disposed, the injection passage extending from the first branch part to the compressor; and a control unit or controller that opens the bypass valve and the injection valve to bypass the refrigerant from the compressor to the gas/liquid separator when a discharge pressure of the compressor is higher than a target
- the bypass valve may include an on/off-controllable solenoid value, and the injection valve may include an electric expansion value, an opening degree of which is adjustable.
- the control unit may control the injection valve so that the injection valve is closed when the discharge pressure of the compressor reaches the target high-pressure, or the suction pressure of the compressor reaches the target low-pressure.
- the compressor may include a first compressor and a second compressor, and first and second branch tubes, respectively, branched to the first and second compressors may be disposed in the injection passage.
- the control unit may set an operation frequency of the compressor to a preset or predetermined minimum frequency when a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of the number of operating indoor units or a temperature of external air.
- any reference in this specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “example embodiment,” etc. means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention.
- the appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
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Abstract
An air conditioner and a method of controlling an air conditioner are provided. The method of controlling an air conditioner may include determining whether a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of a number of indoor devices or a temperature of external air, performing a low-load operation of a compressor at a predetermined frequency when the low-load condition is satisfied, detecting whether an operation pressure is out of a target pressure value or range while the low-load operation is performed, and bypassing a refrigerant from the compressor to a gas/liquid separator via an injection passage when the operation pressure is out of the target pressure value or range.
Description
- The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119 and 35 U.S.C. 365 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2013-0157619, filed in Korea on Dec. 17, 2013, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- 1. Field
- An air conditioner and a method of controlling an air conditioner are disclosed herein.
- 2. Background
- Air conditioners are appliances that maintain air within a predetermined space in a most proper state according to a use and purpose thereof. In general, such an air conditioner may include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and evaporator. Thus, the air conditioner has a refrigerant cycle in which compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation processes of a refrigerant are performed. Thus, the air conditioner may heat or cool the predetermined space.
- The predetermined space may be variously provided according to a place at which the air conditioner is used. For example, when the air conditioner is disposed in a home or office, the predetermined space may be an indoor space of a house or building. On the other hand, when the air conditioner is disposed in a vehicle, the predetermined space may be a space in which a person rides.
- When the air conditioner performs a cooling operation, an outdoor heat-exchanger provided in an outdoor unit or device may serve as a condenser, and an indoor heat-exchanger provided in an indoor unit or device may serve as an evaporator. On the other hand, when the air conditioner performs a heating operation, the indoor heat-exchanger may serve as the condenser, and the outdoor heat-exchanger may serve as the evaporator.
- In general, an air conditioner may include a compressor, a gas/liquid separator to separate a gaseous refrigerant to introduce the separated gaseous refrigerant into the compressor, a flow switching part or switch to switch a flow direction of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and outdoor and indoor heat-exchangers. When the air conditioner performs a cooling operation, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor may be introduced into the outdoor heat-exchanger via the flow switching part. Then, the refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat-exchanger may be decompressed in an expansion device and evaporated in the indoor heat-exchanger.
- When the air conditioner performs a heating operation, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor may be introduced into the indoor heat-exchanger via the flow switching part. Then, the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat-exchanger may be decompressed in an expansion device and evaporated in the outdoor heat-exchanger.
- When the air conditioner performs the cooling or heating operation, the refrigerant compressed in the compressor may generally have a pressure (high pressure) within a predetermined range. However, the high pressure may rise to an abnormal range during operation. For example, if external air changes in temperature, or an amount of refrigerant circulating in the cycle is not suitable, the high pressure may rise.
- Also, in a case of the heating operation, a time taken to allow the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to circulate according to a length of a tube may increase when a system initially operates. Thus, a pressure of a compressor suction inlet may be significantly lowered. Also, due to the above-described limitations, an oil forming phenomenon may occur within the compressor, or the compressor may operate out of an operable range thereof, deteriorating reliability.
- To solve the above-described limitations, if the high pressure rises, the compressor according to the related art operates at a lowest frequency. In detail, the air conditioner according to the related art performs the cooling or heating operation, a target high-pressure or a target low-pressure of the compressor may be initially set, and an operation high-pressure or low-pressure of the operating compressor detected.
- The detected operation high-pressure or operation low-pressure and the set target high-pressure or target low-pressure may be compared to each other to determine an operation state of the compressor. That is, it is determined whether the operation high-pressure detected by a high-pressure sensor is above the target high-pressure and whether the operation low-pressure detected by a low-pressure sensor is below the target low-pressure.
- If it is determined that the detected operation high-pressure is below the target high-pressure, or the operation low-pressure is above the target low-pressure, the target high-pressure and the target low-pressure may be changed and reset. That is, when a difference between the operation high-pressure and the operation low-pressure is less than a difference between the target high-pressure and the target low-pressure, the target pressure may be reset so that an operation pressure corresponding to an indoor load is generated. On the other hand, when it is determined that the detected operation high-pressure is above the target high-pressure, or the operation low-pressure is below the target low-pressure, the compressor may be variably controlled to allow the operation low-pressure to reach the target low-pressure.
- That is, according to the related art, the operation high-pressure or low-pressure of the air conditioner may be detected, and the detected operation high-pressure or operation low-pressure may be compared to the initially set target high-pressure or target low-pressure to change a target value so that a difference between the high-pressure and the low-pressure belongs to a predetermined range to prevent the difference between the operation pressure and the target pressure from being excessive, thereby allowing a protection operation for the compressor to be performed.
- As a result, operation of the compressor may be controllable on the basis of operation frequency in the related art. More particularly, the compressor may operate at a lowest frequency during the low load operation to control an operation factor.
- However, when the compressor operates at the lowest frequency, a lowest amount of refrigerant previously set in the system has to be maintained. Thus, the lowest frequency operation performance of the compressor may be high, and thus, operation efficiency may be deteriorated. That is, according to the related art, there is a limitation that it is difficult to efficiently control the operation of the air conditioner under the low load condition.
- Embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like elements, and wherein:
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of components of an air conditioner according to an embodiment; -
FIG. 2 is a cycle view illustrating a flow rate adjustment path of the air conditioner ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of components for controlling a flow rate of the air conditioner ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of controlling an air conditioner when the air conditioner operates at a low load according to an embodiment; and -
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating operation efficiency when the air conditioner according to an embodiment operates at the low load. - Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, alternate embodiments included in other retrogressive inventions or falling within the spirit and scope will fully convey the concept to those skilled in the art.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment. Referring toFIG. 1 ,air conditioner 10 according to an embodiment may include a plurality ofcompressors compressors first compressor 110 and asecond compressor 112, which may be connected in parallel to each other. -
Oil separators compressors oil separators first oil separator 120 disposed at the outlet-side of thefirst compressor 110, and asecond oil separator 122 disposed at the outlet-side of thesecond compressor 112. - The
air conditioner 10 may further include acollection passage 116 to collect the separated oil into the first andsecond oil separators collection passage 116 may extend from thefirst oil separator 120 to thefirst compressor 110 and from thesecond oil separator 122 to thesecond compressor 112 to collect the oil into the first andsecond compressors - A high-
pressure sensor 125 to detect a discharge pressure of the refrigerant discharged from thecompressors flow switch 130 to guide the refrigerant passing through the high-pressure sensor 125 to an outdoor heat-exchanger 200 or an indoor unit or device may be disposed at outlet-sides of theoil separators flow switching part 130 may include a four-way valve. - When the
air conditioner 10 performs a cooling operation, the refrigerant may be introduced into theflow switching part 130. On the other hand, when theair conditioner 10 performs a heating operation, the refrigerant may flow from theflow switching part 130 into the indoor heat-exchanger 200 of the indoor unit or device. - The refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat-
exchanger 200 may be introduced into a supercooling heat-exchanger 240. The supercooling heat-exchanger 240 may be understood as an intermediate heat-exchanger, in which a first refrigerant circulating into a system and a branched portion (a second refrigerant) of the first refrigerant may be heat-exchanged with each other. The first refrigerant may be supercooled while being heat-exchanged in the supercooling heat-exchanger 240, and the second refrigerant may be heated. - The
air conditioner 10 may further include asupercooling passage 242 in which the second refrigerant is branched. Asupercooling expansion device 243 to decompress the second refrigerant may be disposed in thesupercooling passage 242. Thesupercooling expansion device 243 may include an electronic expansion valve (EEV). - The second refrigerant, which may be heat-exchanged in the supercooling heat-
exchanger 240, may be introduced into the gas/liquid separator 250 or the first andsecond compressors liquid separator 250 may be configured to separate a gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant before the refrigerant is introduced into thecompressors second compressors main suction passage 169. Also, a low-pressure sensor 126 to detect a pressure of the suctioned refrigerant may be further provided in themain suction passage 169. - The
air conditioner 10 may further include auniform oil tube 170 that extends from the first andsecond compressors main suction passage 169, and auniform oil valve 171 disposed in theuniform oil tube 170. At least a portion of the oil stored in the first orsecond compressor uniform oil tube 170, and then, may be supplied into themain suction passage 169. - The
air conditioner 10 may include abypass passage 244 branched from thesupercooling passage 242 to guide the refrigerant into the gas/liquid separator 250, and aninjection passage 246 to guide the refrigerant into the first andsecond compressors air conditioner 10 may include afirst branch 247 from which thebypass passage 244 and theinjection passage 246 may be branched. - A
bypass valve 245 to control a turn-on/off operation or an opening degree of thebypass passage 244 may be disposed in thebypass passage 244. For example, thebypass valve 245 may include a solenoid valve. - The
injection passage 246 may include afirst branch tube 247 a and asecond branch tube 247 b. The first andsecond branch tubes injection passage 246 to inject the refrigerant into the first andsecond compressors air conditioner 10 may further include asecond branch 249, from which the first andsecond branch tubes - The
air conditioner 10 may further include aninjection valve 248 disposed in each of the first andsecond branch tubes injection valve 248 may include an electric expansion valve (EEV), an opening degree of which is adjustable. An amount of refrigerant injected into each of the first andsecond compressors injection valve 248. - The
air conditioner 10 may include areceiver 252 to store at least a portion of the first refrigerant passing through the supercooling heat-exchanger 240, and areceiver inlet passage 255 branched from an outlet-side of the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 to thereceiver 252 to guide a flow of the first refrigerant. A receiveinlet valve 253 to adjust an amount of refrigerant flowing into thereceiver inlet passage 255, and a decompression unit ordevice 254 a to decompress the refrigerant may be disposed in thereceiver inlet passage 255. For example, thedecompression unit 254 a may include a capillary tube. - A
receiver outlet tube 256 may be connected to thereceiver 252. Thereceiver outlet tube 256 may extend from thereceiver 252 to the gas/liquid separator 250. At least a portion of the refrigerant stored in thereceiver 252 may be introduced into the gas/liquid separator 250 through thereceiver outlet tube 256. - A
receiver outlet valve 254 to adjust an amount of refrigerant discharged from thereceiver 252 may be disposed in thereceiver outlet tube 256. An amount of refrigerant injected into the gas/liquid separator 250 may be adjusted by controlling an opening degree of thereceiver outlet valve 254. - The
receiver 252 may be coupled to the gas/liquid separator 250. In detail, thereceiver 252 and the gas/liquid separator 250 may be partitioned by apartition plate 251 within a refrigerant storage tank. For example, the gas/liquid separator 250 may be disposed in an upper portion of the refrigerant storage tank, and thereceiver 252 may be disposed in a lower portion of the refrigerant storage tank. - A remaining refrigerant, except for the refrigerant flowing into the
receiver inlet tube 255, of the first refrigerant passing through the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 may be introduced into the indoor unit through aconnection tube 270. When theair conditioner 10 performs the heating operation, the indoor heat-exchanger disposed in the indoor unit may serve as a “condenser”. On the other hand, when theair conditioner 10 performs the cooling operation, the outdoor heat-exchanger 200 may serve as a “condenser”. - The outdoor heat-
exchanger 200 may include a plurality of heat-exchange parts orheat exchangers outdoor fan 218. The plurality of heat-exchange parts exchange part 210 and a second heat-exchange part 212, which may be connected in parallel to each other. - The outdoor heat-
exchanger 200 may further include avariable passage 220 to guide a flow of the refrigerant from an outlet-side of the first heat-exchange part 210 to an inlet-side of the second heat-exchange part 212. Thevariable passage 220 may extend from afirst outlet tube 230, that is, an outlet-side tube of the first heat-exchange part 210 to an inlet tube 212 a, that is, an inlet-side tube of the second heat-exchange part 212. - A
first valve 222 disposed in thevariable passage 220 to adjust a flow of the refrigerant may be disposed in the outdoor heat-exchanger 200. For example, thefirst valve 222 may include an on/off-controllable valve. The refrigerant passing through the first heat-exchange part 210 may be selectively introduced into the second heat-exchange part 212 according to whether thefirst valve 222 is turned on or off. - In detail, when the
first valve 222 is turned on or opened, the refrigerant passing through the first heat-exchange part 210 may flow into the inlet tube 212 a via thevariable passage 220, and then, may be heat-exchanged in the second heat-exchange part 212. Also, the refrigerant passing through the second heat-exchange part 212 may be introduced into the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 through asecond outlet tube 231. On the other hand, when thefirst valve 222 is turned off, the refrigerant passing through the first heat-exchange part 210 may be introduced into the supercooling heat-exchanger 240 through thefirst outlet tube 230. - A
second valve 232 to adjust a flow of the refrigerant may be disposed in thefirst outlet tube 230, and athird valve 233 to adjust a flow of the refrigerant may be disposed in thesecond outlet tube 231. Thesecond valve 232 and thethird valve 233 may be connected to each other in parallel. Also, the second orthird valve - When the
second valve 232 is opened or increases in opening degree, an amount of refrigerant flowing through thefirst outlet tube 230 may increase. Also, when thethird valve 233 is opened or increases in opening degree, an amount of refrigerant flowing through thesecond outlet tube 231 may increase. Thefirst outlet tube 230 and thesecond outlet tube 231 may be combined with each other and be connected to the inlet-side tube of the supercooling heat-exchanger 240. - The outdoor heat-
exchanger 200 may further include anoutdoor temperature sensor 215 to detect a temperature of external air. - In this embodiment, if a required load is low, a low-load operation may be performed. Also, if an operation pressure is less than a preset or predetermined target pressure even when the low-load operation is performed, an operation factor may be controlled through bypassing of the refrigerant.
- Hereinafter, a method of controlling an operation factor when the air conditioner operates at a low load will be described hereinbelow.
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FIG. 2 is a cycle view illustrating a flow ate adjustment path of the air conditioner ofFIG. 1 .FIG. 3 is a block diagram of components for controlling a flow rate of the air conditioner ofFIG. 1 .FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of controlling an air conditioner when the air conditioner operates at a low load according to an embodiment.FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating operation efficiency when the air conditioner according to an embodiment operates at the low load. - Referring to
FIGS. 2 to 4 , when an air conditioner is turned on, a required load is determined. For example, the required load may be determined on the basis of a number of operating indoor units or devices of a plurality of indoor units or devices, or a temperature of external air. In steps S11 to S13 ofFIG. 4 , the more the number of indoor units (an indoor unit load) decreases, and the temperature of the external air increases when a heating operation is performed, the more the required load may decrease. - If a load required for the indoor units is low, that is, when a low-load condition is satisfied, a low-load operation process, in step S13, in which each of first and
second compressors second compressors second compressors - Although each of the first and
second compressors - For example, when the indoor load is relatively very low, and the temperature of the external air is relatively very high, even though each of the first and
second compressors second compressors controller 150 may perform flow rate control processes, in steps S15 to S17, to bypass refrigerant from thecompressors liquid separator 250. - In detail,
bypass valve 245 may be opened or turned on, in step S15, and a fuzzy control of each of the first andsecond compressors second compressors liquid separator 250, in steps S15 and S16. - Also, an opening degree of the
injection valve 248 may be adjusted to adjust an amount of refrigerant flowing into thebypass passage 244 from the first andsecond compressors second branch tubes injection passage 246, in step S17. When thebypass valve 245 and theinjection valve 248 are opened, the refrigerant may flow from the first andsecond branch tubes bypass passage 244, in which a relatively low-pressure may be generated. The bypassing of the refrigerant from theinjection passage 246 to thebypass passage 244 may be performed by adjusting an opening degree of theinjection valve 248, in a state in which thebypass valve 245 is opened, or may be performed by simultaneously controlling the opening of thebypass valve 245 and adjustment of theinjection valve 248. - As described above, as the refrigerant may flow from the first and
second compressors liquid separator 250 by successively passing through the first andsecond branch tubes injection passage 246, and thebypass passage 244, an amount of refrigerant within the first andsecond compressors second compressors second compressors second compressors injection valve 248 may be performed until the operation pressure of the cycle reaches a target pressure. That is, the control of the opening degree of theinjection valve 248 may be performed until the high-pressure of the operation pressure decreases to reach the target high-pressure, or the low-pressure of the operation pressure increases to reach the target low-pressure. - In detail, the opening degree of the
injection valve 248 may be determined based on whether a first difference valve between the operation high-pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor 125 and the preset target high-pressure, or a second difference value between the operation low-pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor 126 and the preset target low-pressure reach a preset or predetermined value or range. For example, when theair conditioner 10 performs a heating operation, the control for comparing the first difference valve may be performed. On the other hand, when theair conditioner 10 performs a cooling operation, the control for comparing the second difference value may be performed. - The more the first or second difference valve increases, the more the opening degree of the
injection valve 248 may be controlled to increase. When the first or second difference valve reaches the preset range, theinjection valve 248 may be closed (where, the opening degree=0), in step S18. - In summary, the bypass flow of the refrigerant may be performed while the opening degree of the
injection valve 248 is fuzzy-controlled on the basis of the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor 125 or the low-pressure sensor 126. The bypass flow of the refrigerant may be performed until the operation pressure reaches the target pressure, in steps S17 and S18. - When the
injection valve 248 is closed, that is, when the opening degree of theinjection valve 248 is zero, thebypass valve 245 may be controlled to be closed, and the first andsecond compressors air conditioner 10 is turned off, in steps S19, S20, and S21. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , reference symbol 1 is understood as a pressure value that represents a target pressure, and reference symbol 2 is understood as a pressure value that represents an operation pressure when each of thecompressors FIG. 4 . - Thus, although the operation pressure significantly exceeds the target pressure at a time t0, while steps S16 to S18 of
FIG. 4 are performed, the operation pressure may be converged to the target pressure at a time t1. As a result, when the air conditioner operates at the low load, the operation efficiency of the first andsecond compressors - According to embodiments, when the low load operation of the compressor is performed, if the operation pressure does not reach the target pressure (high-pressure/low-pressure), the bypass valve and the injection valve may be controlled to control the operation factor of the compressor. Therefore, unnecessary energy loss may be reduced, improving reliability of the product.
- Embodiments disclosed herein provide a method of controlling an air conditioner capable of controlling an operation factor of a compressor even though an operation pressure exceeds a target pressure (high/low pressure) when the compressor operates at a lowest frequency during a low load operation.
- Embodiments disclosed herein provide a method of controlling an air conditioner that may include determining whether a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of a number of indoor units or devices or a temperature of external air; performing a low-load operation of a compressor at a preset or predetermined frequency when the low-load condition is satisfied; detecting whether a operation pressure is out of a target pressure value or range while the low-load operation is performed; and bypassing a refrigerant from the compressor to a gas/liquid separator via an injection passage when the operation pressure is out of the target pressure value or range.
- The air conditioner may further include a bypass passage connected to the gas/liquid separator, and a first branch part or branch, from which the injection passage and the bypass passage may be branched. The bypassing of the refrigerant may include introducing the refrigerant into the gas/liquid separator by successively passing through the injection passage and the bypass passage.
- The air conditioner may further include a bypass valve disposed in the bypass passage to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant. The bypassing of the refrigerant may further include opening the bypass valve.
- The air conditioner may further include an injection valve disposed in the injection passage to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant. The bypassing of the refrigerant may include adjusting an opening degree of the injection valve.
- The air conditioner may further include first and second branch tubes branched from a second branch part or branch of the injection passage. The first branch tube may extend to a first compressor, and the second branch tube may extend to a second compressor.
- The air conditioner may further include a high-pressure sensor to detect a refrigerant discharge pressure of the compressor during the operation pressure, and a low-pressure sensor to detect a refrigerant suction pressure of the compressor during the operation pressure. The adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve may be performed until the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure value or range.
- The target pressure value or range may include a value or range with respect to a preset or predetermined target high-pressure, and when the air conditioner performs a heating operation, the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve may be performed until the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor reaches the value or range with respect to the target high-pressure. The target pressure value or range may include a value or range with respect to a preset or predetermined target low-pressure, and when the air conditioner performs a cooling operation, the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve may be performed until the pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor reaches the value or range with respect to the target low-pressure.
- When the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or the low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure value or range, the bypass valve may be closed. When the operation pressure is out of the target pressure value or range, a fuzzy-control of the compressor may be stopped, and when the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or the low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure value or range, a fuzzy-control of the compressor may be performed.
- Embodiments disclosed herein an air conditioner that may include a compressor to compress a refrigerant; a gas/liquid separator disposed in or at a suction-side of the compressor to separate a gaseous refrigerant of the refrigerant, thereby supplying the separated gaseous refrigerant into the compressor; a condenser disposed in an outlet-side of the compressor to condense the refrigerant; a supercooler disposed on an outlet-side of the condenser; a first branch part disposed on or at an outlet-side of the supercooler; a bypass passage, in which a bypass valve may be disposed, the bypass passage extending from the first branch part to the gas/liquid separator; an injection passage, in which an injection valve may be disposed, the injection passage extending from the first branch part to the compressor; and a control unit or controller that opens the bypass valve and the injection valve to bypass the refrigerant from the compressor to the gas/liquid separator when a discharge pressure of the compressor is higher than a target high-pressure, or a suction pressure of the compressor is lower than a target low-pressure.
- The bypass valve may include an on/off-controllable solenoid value, and the injection valve may include an electric expansion value, an opening degree of which is adjustable. The control unit may control the injection valve so that the injection valve is closed when the discharge pressure of the compressor reaches the target high-pressure, or the suction pressure of the compressor reaches the target low-pressure.
- The compressor may include a first compressor and a second compressor, and first and second branch tubes, respectively, branched to the first and second compressors may be disposed in the injection passage. The control unit may set an operation frequency of the compressor to a preset or predetermined minimum frequency when a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of the number of operating indoor units or a temperature of external air.
- Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims, in addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
- Any reference in this specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “example embodiment,” etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the purview of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other ones of the embodiments.
- Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (18)
1. A method of controlling an air conditioner, the method comprising:
determining whether a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of a number of indoor devices or a temperature of external air;
performing a low-load operation of a compressor at a predetermined frequency when the low-load condition is satisfied;
detecting whether an operation pressure is out of a target pressure range while the low-load operation is performed; and
bypassing a refrigerant from the compressor to a gas/liquid separator via an injection passage when the operation pressure is out of the target pressure range.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the air conditioner a bypass passage connected to the gas/liquid separator, and a first branch from which the injection passage and the bypass passage are branched, and wherein the bypassing of the refrigerant comprises introducing the refrigerant into the gas/liquid separator by successively passing the refrigerant through the injection passage and the bypass passage.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the air conditioner further comprises a bypass valve disposed in the bypass passage to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant, wherein the bypassing of the refrigerant further comprises opening the bypass valve.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the air conditioner further comprises an injection valve disposed in the injection passage to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant, wherein the bypassing of the refrigerant comprises adjusting an opening degree of the injection valve.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the air conditioner further comprises first and second branch tubes branched from a second branch of the injection passage, wherein the first branch tube extends to a first compressor, and the second branch tube extends to a second compressor.
6. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the air conditioner further comprises:
a high-pressure sensor that detects a refrigerant discharge pressure of the compressor; and
a low-pressure sensor that detects a refrigerant suction pressure of the compressor, and wherein the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve is performed until the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or the low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure range.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the target pressure range comprises a value or range with respect to a predetermined target high-pressure, and when the air conditioner performs a heating operation, the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve is performed until the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor reaches the value or range with respect to the target high-pressure.
8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the target pressure range comprises a value or range with respect to a predetermined target low-pressure, and when the air conditioner performs a cooling operation, the adjusting of the opening degree of the injection valve is performed until the pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor reaches the value or range with respect to the target low-pressure.
9. The method according to claim 6 , wherein, when the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or the low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure value or range, the bypass valve is closed.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein, when the operation pressure is out of the target pressure range, a fuzzy-control of the compressor is stopped, and when the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor or the low-pressure sensor reaches the target pressure range, a fuzzy-control of the compressor is performed.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the target pressure range comprises a target pressure value or a range of target pressure values.
12. An air conditioner, comprising:
a compressor that compresses a refrigerant;
a gas/liquid separator disposed at a suction-side of the compressor to separate a gaseous refrigerant of the refrigerant, thereby supplying the separated gaseous refrigerant into the compressor;
a condenser disposed at an outlet-side of the compressor to condense the refrigerant;
a supercooler disposed at outlet-side of the condenser;
a first branch disposed at outlet-side of the supercooler;
a bypass passage in which a bypass valve is disposed, that extends from the first branch to the gas/liquid separator;
an injection passage, in which an injection valve is disposed, that extends from the first branch to the compressor; and
a controller that opens the bypass valve and the injection valve to bypass the refrigerant from the compressor to the gas/liquid separator when a discharge pressure of the compressor is higher than a target high-pressure, or a suction pressure of the compressor is lower than a target low-pressure.
13. The air conditioner according to claim 12 , wherein the bypass valve comprises a solenoid valve which is on/off-controllable, and wherein the injection valve comprises an electric expansion valve, an opening of which degree is adjustable.
14. The air conditioner according to claim 12 , wherein the controller closes the injection valve when the discharge pressure of the compressor reaches the target high-pressure, or the suction pressure of the compressor reaches the target low-pressure.
15. The air conditioner according to claim 12 , wherein the compressor comprises a first compressor and a second compressor, and wherein first and second branch tubes, respectively, branched to the first and second compressors are disposed in the injection passage.
16. The air conditioner according to claim 12 , wherein the controller sets an operation frequency of the compressor to a predetermined frequency when a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of a number of operating indoor devices or a temperature of external air.
17. The air conditioner according to claim 12 , wherein the air conditioner further comprises:
a high-pressure sensor that detects the discharge pressure of the compressor; and
a low-pressure sensor that detects the suction pressure of the compressor.
18. Apparatus for controlling an air conditioner, comprising:
means for determining whether a low-load condition is satisfied on the basis of a number of indoor devices or a temperature of external air;
means for performing a low-load operation of a compressor at a predetermined frequency when the low-load condition is satisfied;
means for detecting whether an operation pressure is out of a target pressure range while the low-load operation is performed; and
means for bypassing a refrigerant from the compressor to a gas/liquid separator via an injection passage when the operation pressure is out of the target pressure range.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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KR1020130157619A KR20150070894A (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2013-12-17 | Control method for air conditioner |
KR10-2013-0157619 | 2013-12-17 |
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US20150168044A1 true US20150168044A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
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EP (1) | EP2886977B1 (en) |
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CN110454944A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-15 | 重庆美的通用制冷设备有限公司 | Control method, device and the air conditioner of air conditioner |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2886977B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
CN104713195A (en) | 2015-06-17 |
US9982925B2 (en) | 2018-05-29 |
CN104713195B (en) | 2019-08-13 |
EP2886977A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
KR20150070894A (en) | 2015-06-25 |
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