US20140130791A1 - Nanofluid for thermodynamic solar system - Google Patents
Nanofluid for thermodynamic solar system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140130791A1 US20140130791A1 US14/130,673 US201214130673A US2014130791A1 US 20140130791 A1 US20140130791 A1 US 20140130791A1 US 201214130673 A US201214130673 A US 201214130673A US 2014130791 A1 US2014130791 A1 US 2014130791A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solar
- concentration system
- nanofluid
- gas
- receiver element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F24J2/4649—
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
-
- F24J2/055—
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
- F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Definitions
- Object of the present invention is a particular kind of thermodynamic solar concentrator based on the use of gas-based nanofluids and particularly developed for high temperature applications.
- One of the main problems in the usage of high temperature solar systems is to individuate easily manipulated thermovector fluids guaranteeing the possibility to transport great thermal flows.
- thermo-vector fluids In the current state of the art, at least two different kinds of thermo-vector fluids are used; the heat transmitting oils and the mixtures of melted salts.
- the heat-transmitting oil is one of the first fluids used in this field and is mainly disadvantageous owing to its physical-chemical nature; it cannot exceed temperatures of 390°, over which it begins to loose its peculiar features. Such an aspect influences its performances negatively in the 20 thermodynamic solar plant.
- the heat-transmitting oils are highly toxic and pollutant if dispersed in the environment.
- thermodynamic solar plants have been used, such as for example the mixtures of melted salts, with which it is possible to reach thermo-vector fluid temperatures approximately of 550° C., but there result disadvantageous complications of the plant.
- the main problems concerning the use of melted salts in the thermodynamic solar plants is linked to the need to maintain the same constantly at a temperature higher than 250° C. in order not to generate solidification problems thereof inside the plant thus resulting in inevitable blocks of functioning and high maintenance costs for resetting the operative conditions.
- the plant In order to maintain the above-described minimum level of temperature, and to allow the thermal transients to be exceeded, downstream of the solar concentrators, the plant typically consists of two thermal accumulation systems, a so-called hot and cold well, generally made up of great dimensioned thermal reservoirs. Said heat accumulation systems imply high realization and maintenance costs, even guaranteeing an approximately constant electric energy production in 24 hours.
- thermo-vector fluid solving the above-described disadvantages, and the contemporaneous study of a concentrator provided with a “receiver element” which allows to use the new thermovector fluid individuated.
- the nanofluids a category of very convenient fluids both for thermal features and for the simplicity in manipulating the thermodynamic solar plants.
- the idea of increasing the thermal exchange in the fluids by suspending high thermal conductive material particles was proposed by Maxwell in “A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism” in 1881.
- the nanofluids are relatively new. They represent a category of new fluids for the thermal exchange, obtained by dispersing inside a base fluid solid particles with thermal conductivity higher than the base fluid one and with dimensions lower than 50 nm.
- nanoparticles allow to increase the heat capacity rate of the heat transfer fluid, reducing working pressures and solving several technical problems. Thanks to the reduced dimensions, the nanoparticles remain in suspension even at very low flow speeds thus avoiding deposits, unlike what would happen with particles with greater diameter. Moreover, thanks to the very low diameter the exchange surface of the nanoparticles is approximately 1000 times higher than the one which would be obtained with micrometric particles. The great exchange surface and the low mass are two fundamental features which make the use of nanoparticles particularly indicated to provide suspensions apt for the heat transfer. In order to obtain an improvement of the thermal properties of the fluid, particles both of metal and non metal nature can be used in variable concentrations. The studies about the nanofluids demonstrate that it is possible to use low concentrations of nanoparticles to improve significantly the thermal properties of the base fluid.
- the absorption is an optic property which is realized when, upon putting a portion of substance in contact with the electromagnetic radiation, it is able to absorb energy from the same radiation.
- Such an absorption is function not only of the nature of the substance, but also of the radiation and in particular of its wave length.
- the coefficients of absorption of the nanofluids result high, above all in the visible region.
- the use of gas-based nanofluids can produce a significant increase in the performance of the thermodynamic solar systems under the effect of the direct absorption of the solar radiation inside the receiver.
- the use of gas-based nanofluids can make easier the thermodynamic solar plants control, since there is no need of great thermal accumulation systems, which today are indispensable in the plants which use the melted salts as thermo-vector fluid.
- thermo-vector fluid or heat transfer fluid
- FIG. 1 shows a scheme of the mechanism of the system for receiving the solar radiation, representing the fundamental elements of the concentration system
- FIG. 2 shows an axonometric panoramic view of the solar concentrator and receiver tube
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of a preferred embodiment of the receiver tube, with which the solar concentrator is provided;
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of a second preferred embodiment of the receiver tube with which the solar concentrator is provided
- FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of a third embodiment of the receiver tube with which the solar concentrator is provided
- FIG. 6 shows a ground plan of the thermodynamic plant associated to the solar receivers system
- FIG. 7 shows a schematization of a solar tower, high temperature, thermodynamic solar plant.
- the present invention provides to arrange in the focal position of the solar concentrator mirror 1 a newly designed receiver 2 , inside which the gas-based nanofluid 3 flows, which warms itself upon direct absorption of the concentrated solar radiation 4 coming from the sun 17 .
- Nanofluid stands for any fluid, inside which nanometric particles are dispersed, which are able to improve the conductive convective, and radiative thermal exchange capacity of the base fluid.
- the nanofluids are made up of a base fluid to which nanometric powders of metal oxides are added (CuO, Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , ZnO, MoO 3 , etc . . .
- heat transfer fluid may be a mixture of a gas with absorbing sub-micrometer particles (CuO, Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , ZnO, MoO 3 or other materials as for example metals).
- the gas-based nanofluid in fact, could Io be a mixture consisting of a base fluid (air, nitrogen or other gas) and nanoparticles dispersed in it.
- FIG. 3 there is shown a first preferred, absolutely not limiting embodiment of the receiver body 2 , which is made up of a plurality of glassed cylindrical ducts, concentric is between each other.
- thermo-vector fluid indicates the outer duct and between the duct 5 and the duct 6 it is interposed a transparent, at sunlight insulating material (for example air, argon, aerogel etc . . . ) or it is realized the vacuum.
- This aims at thermally insulating the receiver 2 , due to the high temperatures to which the fluid therein is subjected.
- the same result can be obtained alternatively using three or more concentric ducts as shown in FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 5 instead shows an alternative embodiment of the receiver 2 which provides the use of a duct 3 (inside which the nanofluid flows) thermally insulated by means of an insulating coating 8 and provided with a transparent optic window 9 .
- the shape and the material for realizing the receiver with concentric tubes 5 , 6 and 7 or with optic window 9 can be various provided that the principle of optic absorption of the solar radiation by the gas-based nanofluid is maintained. Therefore, the solar receiver 2 can have different geometric configurations (cylindrical, ellipsoidal, rectangular, polygonal etc . . . ) and different geometries of optic access, which are strictly connected to the kind of solar concentrator.
- thermo-vector fluid in the field of high temperature thermodynamic solar plants allows to remove all the plants complexities generating downstream of the current solar concentration systems which use instead melted salts as thermo-vector fluid.
- the system needs to be provided with great thermal accumulation reservoirs to guarantee that the mixture of melted salts does not go under the prefixed temperature thresholds.
- the gas-based nanofluid simulations have shown that the estimated radiation to thermal energy conversion efficiencies could be higher than 80% at temperatures above 700 K. As it is shown in FIG.
- thermodynamic solar system using nanofluids as thermovector fluid is similar to the one of a traditional system based on the use of melted salts, with the sole difference that the thermal accumulations therein can have very contained dimensions as they do not have to guarantee a minimum functioning temperature to the system equal to 250° C.
- the heat accumulation serves only to exceed the thermal transients linked to sudden increases or reductions of the solar radiation incident on the system.
- the field of the solar receivers 10 collects the solar radiation and concentrates it in the system with receiving tubes 11 inside which the nanofluid 3 flows as thermo-vector fluid.
- thermo-vector fluid gives heat to a second fluid, which can be used in a not-schematized thermodynamic cycle 13 (for example a Rankine cycle) selected for the purpose of the final production of electric energy.
- a not-schematized thermodynamic cycle 13 for example a Rankine cycle
- the same kind of plant can be guaranteed in case the receiver system of the solar radiation is of the solar tower kind, as shown schematically in FIG. 7 .
- the advantages of the use of gas-based nanofluids as thermo-vector fluid would remain unchanged, even if the elements constituting the concentration system are changed.
- the solar tower plants provide usually the use of a plurality of slightly concave reflectors 14 (said heliostats) arranged around a tower 15 , located in the middle of the plant, at whose top the receiver element 16 of the solar radiation is arranged.
- the heliostats 14 are usually moved in coordinated way in order to reflect the solar radiation always towards the top of the tower during the day. As it is shown in the schematic representation of the functioning in FIG.
- the solar radiation 4 hits each single heliostat 4 arranged on the ground and is subsequently reflected towards the top of the tower 15 where a receiver device 16 of the solar radiation is arranged, inside which it is provided a passage of the thermo-vector fluid constituted by the gas-based nanofluid.
- the nanofluid temperature in this case can exceed 800° C.
- the thermal energy captured by the nanofluid as thermo-vector is then transferred to a thermodynamic cycle for the final production of electric energy in a similar way as the thermodynamic scheme shown in FIG. 6 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Solar concentration system with thermo-vector fluid made up of gas-based nanofluids and with suitably shaped receiver element of the solar radiation.
Description
- This application is the U.S. National Stage under 35 USC 371 of PCT Application PCT/IB2012/053528.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- Object of the present invention is a particular kind of thermodynamic solar concentrator based on the use of gas-based nanofluids and particularly developed for high temperature applications. One of the main problems in the usage of high temperature solar systems is to individuate easily manipulated thermovector fluids guaranteeing the possibility to transport great thermal flows.
- 2. Brief Description of the Prior Art
- In the current state of the art, at least two different kinds of thermo-vector fluids are used; the heat transmitting oils and the mixtures of melted salts. The heat-transmitting oil is one of the first fluids used in this field and is mainly disadvantageous owing to its physical-chemical nature; it cannot exceed temperatures of 390°, over which it begins to loose its peculiar features. Such an aspect influences its performances negatively in the 20 thermodynamic solar plant. Moreover, the heat-transmitting oils are highly toxic and pollutant if dispersed in the environment.
- In the following, other kinds of fluids have been used, such as for example the mixtures of melted salts, with which it is possible to reach thermo-vector fluid temperatures approximately of 550° C., but there result disadvantageous complications of the plant. The main problems concerning the use of melted salts in the thermodynamic solar plants is linked to the need to maintain the same constantly at a temperature higher than 250° C. in order not to generate solidification problems thereof inside the plant thus resulting in inevitable blocks of functioning and high maintenance costs for resetting the operative conditions. In order to maintain the above-described minimum level of temperature, and to allow the thermal transients to be exceeded, downstream of the solar concentrators, the plant typically consists of two thermal accumulation systems, a so-called hot and cold well, generally made up of great dimensioned thermal reservoirs. Said heat accumulation systems imply high realization and maintenance costs, even guaranteeing an approximately constant electric energy production in 24 hours.
- Therefore, at the current state of the art it results quite clear both the need to individuate a thermo-vector fluid solving the above-described disadvantages, and the contemporaneous study of a concentrator provided with a “receiver element” which allows to use the new thermovector fluid individuated.
- In this perspective, a category of very convenient fluids both for thermal features and for the simplicity in manipulating the thermodynamic solar plants is represented by the nanofluids. The idea of increasing the thermal exchange in the fluids by suspending high thermal conductive material particles was proposed by Maxwell in “A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism” in 1881. Anyway, the nanofluids are relatively new. They represent a category of new fluids for the thermal exchange, obtained by dispersing inside a base fluid solid particles with thermal conductivity higher than the base fluid one and with dimensions lower than 50 nm. Experimentally, it is observed that the increase in thermal conductivity of the nanofluid is higher than the one which would be obtained by the simple average weighing of the single conductivities; moreover the nanoparticles determine an increase in the coefficient of convective thermal exchange surface-nanofluid with respect to the surface-base fluid case. In order to overcome the technological limitations mentioned before about traditional heat transfer fluids (synthetic oil or molten salt) some experiments have been carried out in the world using air as the working fluid of the plant; however, these experiments have revealed considerable problems of technological character, mainly linked to the combination of high pressures and temperatures needed for the operation plant. With respect to those first experiences about solar collectors based on air as heat transfer fluid, nanoparticles allow to increase the heat capacity rate of the heat transfer fluid, reducing working pressures and solving several technical problems. Thanks to the reduced dimensions, the nanoparticles remain in suspension even at very low flow speeds thus avoiding deposits, unlike what would happen with particles with greater diameter. Moreover, thanks to the very low diameter the exchange surface of the nanoparticles is approximately 1000 times higher than the one which would be obtained with micrometric particles. The great exchange surface and the low mass are two fundamental features which make the use of nanoparticles particularly indicated to provide suspensions apt for the heat transfer. In order to obtain an improvement of the thermal properties of the fluid, particles both of metal and non metal nature can be used in variable concentrations. The studies about the nanofluids demonstrate that it is possible to use low concentrations of nanoparticles to improve significantly the thermal properties of the base fluid.
- Another advantage of the nanofluids in general concerns the increase in the coefficient of optic absorption with respect to the base fluid. The absorption is an optic property which is realized when, upon putting a portion of substance in contact with the electromagnetic radiation, it is able to absorb energy from the same radiation. Such an absorption is function not only of the nature of the substance, but also of the radiation and in particular of its wave length. The coefficients of absorption of the nanofluids result high, above all in the visible region. The use of gas-based nanofluids can produce a significant increase in the performance of the thermodynamic solar systems under the effect of the direct absorption of the solar radiation inside the receiver. Moreover, the use of gas-based nanofluids can make easier the thermodynamic solar plants control, since there is no need of great thermal accumulation systems, which today are indispensable in the plants which use the melted salts as thermo-vector fluid.
- In the present invention it is proposed a solution alternative to the use of traditional heat transfer fluids (molten salts, synthetic oils and similar) or liquid-based nanofluid, by the use of a solar receiver transparent in which a gas-based nanofluid can directly absorb solar radiation, improving the thermodynamic performance of the solar system. Aim of the present invention is therefore a solar concentration system, which uses a gas-based nanofluid as thermo-vector fluid (or heat transfer fluid) through which solar radiation can be directly absorbed. Another aim of the invention is a suitable design of the receiver element of the above said concentration system.
- The present description refers to the following tables 113 to 313, which show a preferred and absolutely not limiting embodiment of the present invention. In particular:
-
FIG. 1 shows a scheme of the mechanism of the system for receiving the solar radiation, representing the fundamental elements of the concentration system; -
FIG. 2 shows an axonometric panoramic view of the solar concentrator and receiver tube; -
FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of a preferred embodiment of the receiver tube, with which the solar concentrator is provided; -
FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of a second preferred embodiment of the receiver tube with which the solar concentrator is provided; -
FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of a third embodiment of the receiver tube with which the solar concentrator is provided; -
FIG. 6 shows a ground plan of the thermodynamic plant associated to the solar receivers system; -
FIG. 7 shows a schematization of a solar tower, high temperature, thermodynamic solar plant. - As it is shown in the appended
drawings receiver 2, inside which the gas-basednanofluid 3 flows, which warms itself upon direct absorption of the concentratedsolar radiation 4 coming from thesun 17. Nanofluid stands for any fluid, inside which nanometric particles are dispersed, which are able to improve the conductive convective, and radiative thermal exchange capacity of the base fluid. In particular, the nanofluids are made up of a base fluid to which nanometric powders of metal oxides are added (CuO, Fe2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MoO3, etc . . . ) or other materials in order to optimize the thermal properties of the heat transfer fluid. As it is stated before, in the proposed invention heat transfer fluid may be a mixture of a gas with absorbing sub-micrometer particles (CuO, Fe2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MoO3 or other materials as for example metals). The gas-based nanofluid, in fact, could Io be a mixture consisting of a base fluid (air, nitrogen or other gas) and nanoparticles dispersed in it. InFIG. 3 , there is shown a first preferred, absolutely not limiting embodiment of thereceiver body 2, which is made up of a plurality of glassed cylindrical ducts, concentric is between each other. In an example configuration with two ducts, starting from the innermost duct, 5 indicates the one crossed by the gas-basednanofluid 3 as thermo-vector fluid, 6 indicates the outer duct and between theduct 5 and theduct 6 it is interposed a transparent, at sunlight insulating material (for example air, argon, aerogel etc . . . ) or it is realized the vacuum. This aims at thermally insulating thereceiver 2, due to the high temperatures to which the fluid therein is subjected. The same result can be obtained alternatively using three or more concentric ducts as shown inFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 5 instead shows an alternative embodiment of thereceiver 2 which provides the use of a duct 3 (inside which the nanofluid flows) thermally insulated by means of aninsulating coating 8 and provided with a transparentoptic window 9. The shape and the material for realizing the receiver withconcentric tubes optic window 9 can be various provided that the principle of optic absorption of the solar radiation by the gas-based nanofluid is maintained. Therefore, thesolar receiver 2 can have different geometric configurations (cylindrical, ellipsoidal, rectangular, polygonal etc . . . ) and different geometries of optic access, which are strictly connected to the kind of solar concentrator. - As previously stated, the use of gas-based nanofluids as i s thermo-vector fluid in the field of high temperature thermodynamic solar plants allows to remove all the plants complexities generating downstream of the current solar concentration systems which use instead melted salts as thermo-vector fluid. In the systems known in the state of the art, in fact, the system needs to be provided with great thermal accumulation reservoirs to guarantee that the mixture of melted salts does not go under the prefixed temperature thresholds. Moreover, in the case of the gas-based nanofluid simulations have shown that the estimated radiation to thermal energy conversion efficiencies could be higher than 80% at temperatures above 700 K. As it is shown in
FIG. 6 , the functioning layout of a thermodynamic solar system using nanofluids as thermovector fluid is similar to the one of a traditional system based on the use of melted salts, with the sole difference that the thermal accumulations therein can have very contained dimensions as they do not have to guarantee a minimum functioning temperature to the system equal to 250° C. In this perspective, the heat accumulation serves only to exceed the thermal transients linked to sudden increases or reductions of the solar radiation incident on the system. According to the simplified scheme shown inFIG. 5 , the field of thesolar receivers 10 collects the solar radiation and concentrates it in the system with receivingtubes 11 inside which thenanofluid 3 flows as thermo-vector fluid. Inside the heat exchanger 12 (which substitutes the thermal accumulations provided in the known old systems) the thermo-vector fluid gives heat to a second fluid, which can be used in a not-schematized thermodynamic cycle 13 (for example a Rankine cycle) selected for the purpose of the final production of electric energy. - The same kind of plant can be guaranteed in case the receiver system of the solar radiation is of the solar tower kind, as shown schematically in
FIG. 7 . The advantages of the use of gas-based nanofluids as thermo-vector fluid would remain unchanged, even if the elements constituting the concentration system are changed. The solar tower plants provide usually the use of a plurality of slightly concave reflectors 14 (said heliostats) arranged around atower 15, located in the middle of the plant, at whose top thereceiver element 16 of the solar radiation is arranged. Theheliostats 14 are usually moved in coordinated way in order to reflect the solar radiation always towards the top of the tower during the day. As it is shown in the schematic representation of the functioning inFIG. 7 , thesolar radiation 4 hits eachsingle heliostat 4 arranged on the ground and is subsequently reflected towards the top of thetower 15 where areceiver device 16 of the solar radiation is arranged, inside which it is provided a passage of the thermo-vector fluid constituted by the gas-based nanofluid. The nanofluid temperature in this case can exceed 800° C. The thermal energy captured by the nanofluid as thermo-vector is then transferred to a thermodynamic cycle for the final production of electric energy in a similar way as the thermodynamic scheme shown inFIG. 6 .
Claims (7)
1. Solar concentration system comprising a solar concentrator mirror (1) with a receiver element (2) in its focal position wherein the heat transfer fluid flowing inside said receiver element (2) is made up of a gas-based nanofluid (3).
2. Solar concentration system according to claim 1 , wherein said heat transfer fluid (3) is a mixture of gas consisting of a base fluid selected from the group consisting of air, nitrogen or other gas, and nanoparticles dispersed in it.
3. Solar concentration system according to claim 1 , wherein said receiver element (2) is made up of a plurality of glassed cylindrical ducts, concentric between each other (5, 6, 7), between which it is interposed a transparent insulating material or it is realized the vacuum.
4. Solar concentration system according to claim 1 , wherein said receiver element (2) is provided with a transparent optic window (9) for the absorption of the direct solar radiation (4) by the nanofluid (3).
5. Solar concentration system according to claim 1 , wherein said receiver element (2) is thermally insulated by means of an insulating material layer (8).
6. Thermodynamic solar plant using the solar concentration system according to claim 1 .
7. Solar tower thermodynamic solar plant using the solar concentration system according to claim 1 .
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11425185.3 | 2011-07-11 | ||
EP11425185A EP2557373A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-08-11 | Heat transfer medium with nanofluids for a thermodynamic solar system |
PCT/IB2012/053528 WO2013008181A2 (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2012-07-10 | Nanofluid for thermodynamic solar system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140130791A1 true US20140130791A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
Family
ID=46799283
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/130,673 Abandoned US20140130791A1 (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2012-07-10 | Nanofluid for thermodynamic solar system |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140130791A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2557373A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2014525025A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014000605A2 (en) |
EA (1) | EA201301330A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2575705T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013008181A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150345854A1 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2015-12-03 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Heat transfer particles for solar-driven thermochemical processes |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013201938A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-07 | Sunoyster Systems Gmbh | Receiver for solar systems and solar system |
DE102013201939A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-07 | Sunoyster Systems Gmbh | solar system |
DE102013201940A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-07 | Sunoyster Systems Gmbh | Receiver for use in e.g. solar plant, has cladding tube comprising supply and exhaust openings for generating flow of heat carrier fluid in cladding tube, where heat carrier fluid flows around solar cell |
GB2511075A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-27 | Donald Earl Spence | Desalination Apparatus |
US10038107B2 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2018-07-31 | The Boeing Company | Enhanced photo-thermal energy conversion |
JP6920580B2 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2021-08-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Insulated windows and how to make them |
KR102412802B1 (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-24 | 조선대학교산학협력단 | Volume absorption type solar collector having reflector plate |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070084460A1 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2007-04-19 | Vaughn Beckman | Solar collector |
US20070152237A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche-Infm Istituto Nazionale Per La Fisica Della Materia | Optical system for detecting the concentration of combustion products |
US20110255440A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2011-10-20 | Telecom Italia S.P.A. | Measurement of Data Loss in a Communication Network |
US8459251B2 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2013-06-11 | Viridian Concepts Limited | Solar thermal unit |
US8733339B2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2014-05-27 | Tsinghua University | Solar collector and solar heating system using same |
US20140283815A1 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-09-25 | Watts Thermoelectric, Llc | Solar collector |
US8915243B2 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2014-12-23 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Thermal solar energy collector |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS552534B2 (en) * | 1974-07-25 | 1980-01-21 | ||
IL152452A0 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2003-12-23 | Midwest Research Inst | A method for carrying out a chemical reaction utilizing solar thermal heating to produce h2 |
JP2007205645A (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Solar heat collector and solar heat utilization device having the same |
JP2010144957A (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-07-01 | Ihi Corp | Solar heat collection method and device |
IT1400570B1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2013-06-14 | Uni Del Salento Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Dell Innovazione | FLAT SOLAR PANEL WITH RAKED MANIFOLDS FOR APPLICATIONS WITH TRADITIONAL THERMOVIC FLUID AND INSEMINATED WITH PARTICLES AND WITH NANOFLUIDI |
-
2011
- 2011-08-11 EP EP11425185A patent/EP2557373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-07-10 EA EA201301330A patent/EA201301330A1/en unknown
- 2012-07-10 EP EP12755903.7A patent/EP2732218B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-07-10 ES ES12755903.7T patent/ES2575705T3/en active Active
- 2012-07-10 US US14/130,673 patent/US20140130791A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-07-10 JP JP2014519675A patent/JP2014525025A/en active Pending
- 2012-07-10 BR BR112014000605A patent/BR112014000605A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-07-10 WO PCT/IB2012/053528 patent/WO2013008181A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070152237A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche-Infm Istituto Nazionale Per La Fisica Della Materia | Optical system for detecting the concentration of combustion products |
US20070084460A1 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2007-04-19 | Vaughn Beckman | Solar collector |
US8459251B2 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2013-06-11 | Viridian Concepts Limited | Solar thermal unit |
US8733339B2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2014-05-27 | Tsinghua University | Solar collector and solar heating system using same |
US20110255440A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2011-10-20 | Telecom Italia S.P.A. | Measurement of Data Loss in a Communication Network |
US8915243B2 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2014-12-23 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Thermal solar energy collector |
US20140283815A1 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-09-25 | Watts Thermoelectric, Llc | Solar collector |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150345854A1 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2015-12-03 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Heat transfer particles for solar-driven thermochemical processes |
US10663208B2 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2020-05-26 | DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FüR LUFT-UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. | Heat transfer particles for solar-driven thermochemical processes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013008181A2 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
EP2732218A2 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
EA201301330A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
EP2732218B1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
JP2014525025A (en) | 2014-09-25 |
WO2013008181A3 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
EP2557373A1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
BR112014000605A2 (en) | 2018-04-17 |
ES2575705T3 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2732218B1 (en) | Solar concentration system | |
Wahab et al. | Solar energy systems–potential of nanofluids | |
Hussein | Applications of nanotechnology to improve the performance of solar collectors–Recent advances and overview | |
Kaya et al. | Experimental investigation of thermal performance of an evacuated U-Tube solar collector with ZnO/Etylene glycol-pure water nanofluids | |
Essa et al. | Eco-friendly coffee-based colloid for performance augmentation of solar stills | |
Hamzat et al. | Application of nanofluid in solar energy harvesting devices: A comprehensive review | |
Nagarajan et al. | Nanofluids for solar collector applications: a review | |
Elsheikh et al. | Applications of nanofluids in solar energy: a review of recent advances | |
Wole-Osho et al. | Nanofluids in solar thermal collectors: review and limitations | |
Hussein et al. | A review of nano fluid role to improve the performance of the heat pipe solar collectors | |
Bhalla et al. | Parameters influencing the performance of nanoparticles-laden fluid-based solar thermal collectors: a review on optical properties | |
Rajendran et al. | Review on influencing parameters in the performance of concentrated solar power collector based on materials, heat transfer fluids and design | |
US20130098354A1 (en) | Solar collectors | |
Hooshmandzade et al. | Influence of single and hybrid water-based nanofluids on performance of microgrid photovoltaic/thermal system | |
Abed et al. | Enhancement techniques of parabolic trough collectors: A review of past and recent technologies | |
Abu-Zeid et al. | Performance enhancement of flat-plate and parabolic trough solar collector using nanofluid for water heating application | |
Hamada et al. | Thermal performance augmentation of parabolic trough solar collector using nanomaterials, fins and thermal storage material | |
Kumar et al. | Performance of evacuated tube solar collector integrated solar desalination unit—a review | |
Chichghare et al. | Applications of nanofluids in solar thermal systems | |
Khanafer et al. | Applications of nanomaterials in solar energy and desalination sectors | |
Sathish et al. | Effects of CuO/Al2O3/Water-WO3 nanomaterials on NETZERO energy/emission-based hydrogen generation | |
Singh et al. | Computational algorithm for performance observations of ETC based renewable energy system | |
Mane et al. | Investigation of performance parameters affecting the efficiency of solar water heater: a review | |
Kumar et al. | Performance analysis of solar energy based passive water purification system | |
Thaker et al. | Application of Nano fluids in Solar Energy |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: UNIVERSITA' DEL SALENTO - DIPARTIMENTO DI INGEGNER Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:DE RISI, ARTURO;MILANESE, MARCO;COLANGELO, GIANPIERO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:031882/0282 Effective date: 20131229 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |