US20130319643A1 - Locking orifice retaining nut - Google Patents
Locking orifice retaining nut Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130319643A1 US20130319643A1 US13/488,767 US201213488767A US2013319643A1 US 20130319643 A1 US20130319643 A1 US 20130319643A1 US 201213488767 A US201213488767 A US 201213488767A US 2013319643 A1 US2013319643 A1 US 2013319643A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- retaining element
- orifice plate
- main passage
- orifice
- seat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polychlorotrifluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
- F28F9/0248—Arrangements for sealing connectors to header boxes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/46—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
- H01L23/473—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20845—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for automotive electronic casings
- H05K7/20872—Liquid coolant without phase change
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0021—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for aircrafts or cosmonautics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- Heat exchangers are conventionally used to heat devices that require heat or cool devices that produce heat that needs to be removed.
- a heat exchanger is known as a cold plate, which is used, for example, to cool electronic units that produce heat while being operated. The heat needs to be removed to permit the electronic components to continue functioning.
- the present invention is a device for adjusting fluid flow in cold plates and other fluid flow heat exchangers to obtain a desired pressure drop without the use of seals.
- the device includes an orifice that provides the desired fluid flow, thus controlling coolant pressure drop inside a cold plate. Different orifices are employed until the one is found that has the appropriate internal diameter to provide the desired pressure drop.
- the orifice is secured with a non-locking orifice nut. Once correct orifice size is determined, the orifice is secured using a nut with a locking element.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cold plate used to actively cool electronic boxes.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the other side of the cold plate of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a section of one of the cooling tubes of the cold plate showing the device used to control the pressure drop inside the cold plate of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view of one component in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of an orifice retaining nut.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing two cold plates bolted to a vehicle structure.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the addition of boxes to be cooled by the cold plates shown in FIG. 5 .
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show cold plate 11 with surface 13 for cooling electronic units that require cooling to function.
- Cooling liquid inlet manifold 14 has inlets 15 A, 15 B and outlets 16 A, 16 B.
- Cooling liquid outlet manifold 17 has inlets 18 A, 18 B, outlets 19 A, 19 B.
- Coolant flows through inlets 15 A, 15 B to outlets 16 A, 16 B into cold plate tube coolant loops 20 A, 20 B, respectively.
- Coolant flows out through loops 20 A, 20 B to inlets 18 A, 18 B of outlet manifold 17 , and then out through outlets 19 A, 19 B.
- Loops 20 A and 20 B are held in place with loop mounts 23 , as seen in FIG. 2 .
- Manifolds 14 and 17 each are shown as having two inlets and two outlets, but one or many inlets, loops and outlets can be used, depending on design considerations.
- the pressure drop (and thus flow rate of coolant) is controlled by the present invention.
- Inside cold plate tube manifold inlets 15 A and 15 B are orifices that provide for the required pressure drop for a desired fluid flow rate.
- FIG. 3 illustrates one cooling liquid inlet manifold assembly 14 which includes inlet 15 A, tube 27 , orifice retention bore 29 , orifice plate mounting seat 31 , outlet passage 33 , outlet 16 A, orifice plate 37 , and orifice retaining nut 39 . Cooling fluid flows in inlet 15 A through inlet passage 27 , through retaining nut 39 and orifice plate 37 , to outlet passage 33 and outlet 16 A.
- Orifice plate 37 shown alone in FIG. 3A , is positioned within orifice retention bore 29 against mounting seat 31 .
- Orifice retaining nut 39 holds orifice plate 37 in place against mounting seat 31 .
- Center bore 40 of retaining nut 39 is aligned with orifice 37 A of orifice plate 37 .
- Orifice retention bore 29 has threads 29 A on its inner wall to engage external threads 39 A on orifice retaining nut 39 .
- a smaller diameter portion 41 extends from retaining nut 39 into a reduced diameter portion of retention bore 29 and holds in place orifice plate 37 .
- Orifice plate 37 and retaining nut 39 may be made from any solid material. Stainless steel has been shown to be effective for both elements.
- Orifice retaining nut 39 also includes locking strip 43 .
- One locking strip that has been effective is a KEL-F® PCTFE strip as defined in AMS 3650, which is standard for locking screws and bolts.
- KEL F® is a 3M registered trademark for a polychlorotrifluoroethylene polymer and has an operating temperature range of ⁇ 320° F. ( ⁇ 196° C.) to +390° F. (199° C.).
- a slot is cut in threaded portion 39 A of locking nut 39 , typically about 0.020 inches (0.08 mm) and filled with a strip of the polymer.
- Flared inlet 40 A of center bore 40 guides fluid from inlet passage 27 .
- orifice plates 37 having different sized orifices 37 A are put in inlet manifolds 15 A and 15 B, as shown with manifold 15 A in FIG. 3 .
- Orifice plate 37 is held in place with a non-locking orifice nut, which is identical to orifice retaining nut 39 except that it is without locking strip 43 .
- the coolant pressure drop is measured with different orifices 37 A until the one is found that provides the desired or required pressure drop.
- the non-locking orifice nut is removed and orifice retaining nut 39 is inserted, with locking strip 43 , such as by use of a screwdriver in slot 39 B.
- Locking strip 43 is activated simply by screwing locking nut 39 into threads 29 A of orifice retaining bore 29 . Locking strip 43 prevents movement of locking nut 39 under normal vibration and other forces. Cold plate 11 is now ready for installation in a vehicle such as a space station or other orbiting vehicles.
- FIG. 5 shows two cold plates 11 A and 11 B mounted on a portion of vehicle structure 49 after the orifices are installed and locked in place as described above. Inlets 15 A, 15 B and outlets 19 A, 19 B of each cold plate 11 A, 11 B are then welded to the vehicle plumbing (not shown but conventional).
- FIG. 6 shows that box 51 and box 53 are secured directly into vehicle structure 49 but boxes 51 and 53 containing electronic elements to be cooled are not fastened to cold plates 11 A and 11 B.
- Non-structural cold plates, not shown, mount boxes 51 and 53 to vehicle structure 45 .
- the cold plate system of this invention permits controlled cooling of individual electronic units base upon the needs of the unit through selection of the appropriate orifice diameter determined through pre-installation testing. After final installation, the electronics are now protected from heat generated during operation of the electronic components.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention was made with government support under NNJ06TA25C awarded by NASA. The government has certain rights in the invention.
- Heat exchangers are conventionally used to heat devices that require heat or cool devices that produce heat that needs to be removed. One example of a heat exchanger is known as a cold plate, which is used, for example, to cool electronic units that produce heat while being operated. The heat needs to be removed to permit the electronic components to continue functioning.
- One concern about the use of cold plates is that when orifices are used to control the pressure drop or flow rate, the orifices have been retained in bolted housings that require seals. This introduces potential leak points into the system. Often it is necessary to adjust or control the pressure drop or flow rate specifically for a particular end use, so the cold plate cannot be used without a method of making that adjustment or control. If the cold plate is intended for use in extreme environments, such as in outer space, the seals are particularly vulnerable and the potential for leakage prohibits their use.
- An alternative way to control the pressure drop or flow rate in cold plates is needed to permit use of cold plates in extreme environments.
- The present invention is a device for adjusting fluid flow in cold plates and other fluid flow heat exchangers to obtain a desired pressure drop without the use of seals. The device includes an orifice that provides the desired fluid flow, thus controlling coolant pressure drop inside a cold plate. Different orifices are employed until the one is found that has the appropriate internal diameter to provide the desired pressure drop. During testing, the orifice is secured with a non-locking orifice nut. Once correct orifice size is determined, the orifice is secured using a nut with a locking element.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cold plate used to actively cool electronic boxes. -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the other side of the cold plate ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a section of one of the cooling tubes of the cold plate showing the device used to control the pressure drop inside the cold plate ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3A is a perspective view of one component inFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of an orifice retaining nut. -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing two cold plates bolted to a vehicle structure. -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the addition of boxes to be cooled by the cold plates shown inFIG. 5 . -
FIGS. 1 and 2 showcold plate 11 withsurface 13 for cooling electronic units that require cooling to function. Coolingliquid inlet manifold 14 hasinlets outlets liquid outlet manifold 17 hasinlets outlets inlets outlets tube coolant loops loops inlets outlet manifold 17, and then out throughoutlets Loops loop mounts 23, as seen inFIG. 2 .Manifolds tube manifold inlets -
FIG. 3 illustrates one cooling liquidinlet manifold assembly 14 which includesinlet 15A,tube 27,orifice retention bore 29, orificeplate mounting seat 31,outlet passage 33,outlet 16A,orifice plate 37, andorifice retaining nut 39. Cooling fluid flows ininlet 15A throughinlet passage 27, through retainingnut 39 andorifice plate 37, tooutlet passage 33 andoutlet 16A. - Orifice
plate 37, shown alone inFIG. 3A , is positioned within orifice retention bore 29 againstmounting seat 31. Orifice retainingnut 39 holdsorifice plate 37 in place against mountingseat 31. Center bore 40 of retainingnut 39 is aligned with orifice 37A oforifice plate 37. - Orifice
retention bore 29 hasthreads 29A on its inner wall to engageexternal threads 39A onorifice retaining nut 39. Asmaller diameter portion 41 extends fromretaining nut 39 into a reduced diameter portion ofretention bore 29 and holds inplace orifice plate 37. Orificeplate 37 and retainingnut 39 may be made from any solid material. Stainless steel has been shown to be effective for both elements. - Orifice retaining
nut 39 also includeslocking strip 43. One locking strip that has been effective is a KEL-F® PCTFE strip as defined in AMS 3650, which is standard for locking screws and bolts. KEL F® is a 3M registered trademark for a polychlorotrifluoroethylene polymer and has an operating temperature range of −320° F. (−196° C.) to +390° F. (199° C.). A slot is cut in threadedportion 39A oflocking nut 39, typically about 0.020 inches (0.08 mm) and filled with a strip of the polymer. Flaredinlet 40A of center bore 40 guides fluid frominlet passage 27. - During assembly of
cold plate 11,orifice plates 37 having different sized orifices 37A are put ininlet manifolds manifold 15A inFIG. 3 . Orificeplate 37 is held in place with a non-locking orifice nut, which is identical toorifice retaining nut 39 except that it is withoutlocking strip 43. The coolant pressure drop is measured with different orifices 37A until the one is found that provides the desired or required pressure drop. The non-locking orifice nut is removed andorifice retaining nut 39 is inserted, withlocking strip 43, such as by use of a screwdriver inslot 39B.Locking strip 43 is activated simply by screwinglocking nut 39 intothreads 29A oforifice retaining bore 29.Locking strip 43 prevents movement oflocking nut 39 under normal vibration and other forces. Coldplate 11 is now ready for installation in a vehicle such as a space station or other orbiting vehicles. -
FIG. 5 shows twocold plates vehicle structure 49 after the orifices are installed and locked in place as described above.Inlets outlets cold plate FIG. 6 shows thatbox 51 andbox 53 are secured directly intovehicle structure 49 butboxes cold plates mount boxes - The cold plate system of this invention permits controlled cooling of individual electronic units base upon the needs of the unit through selection of the appropriate orifice diameter determined through pre-installation testing. After final installation, the electronics are now protected from heat generated during operation of the electronic components.
- While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment(s), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment(s) disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/488,767 US20130319643A1 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Locking orifice retaining nut |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/488,767 US20130319643A1 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Locking orifice retaining nut |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20130319643A1 true US20130319643A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
Family
ID=49668827
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/488,767 Abandoned US20130319643A1 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Locking orifice retaining nut |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20130319643A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150340255A1 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-26 | Vijay Parkhe | Electrostatic chuck with independent zone cooling and reduced crosstalk |
Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1468109A (en) * | 1921-04-22 | 1923-09-18 | Henry J M Howard | Pressure-control means |
US2661768A (en) * | 1949-10-29 | 1953-12-08 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Indicating orifice plate for threaded orifice union |
US2676470A (en) * | 1950-04-24 | 1954-04-27 | Alquin J Streitz | Flow regulator in a refrigerating system |
US2687147A (en) * | 1949-03-29 | 1954-08-24 | Us Quarry Tile Company | Orifice construction |
US2712458A (en) * | 1950-06-05 | 1955-07-05 | Lipson Leonard | Pipe couplings |
US2827925A (en) * | 1955-10-20 | 1958-03-25 | Gen Electric | Means for securing a member within a tube |
US2913031A (en) * | 1958-04-03 | 1959-11-17 | Long Lok Corp | Self-locking screw threaded fastener member having an elongated resilient insert |
US3149654A (en) * | 1960-12-19 | 1964-09-22 | Nylok Corp | Threaded fastener having resilient metal locking insert |
US3225749A (en) * | 1963-12-23 | 1965-12-28 | Combustion Eng | Fluid heater organization with improved flow control means |
US4234427A (en) * | 1979-06-04 | 1980-11-18 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Pulse damper |
US5070936A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1991-12-10 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | High intensity heat exchanger system |
US5315859A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1994-05-31 | John Schommer | Custom flow restrictor |
US5592974A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-14 | Ford Motor Company | Fluid flow restrictor |
US7362574B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-04-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Jet orifice plate with projecting jet orifice structures for direct impingement cooling apparatus |
US7793989B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2010-09-14 | Pinckney Jr Robert | Locking connector with depressions |
-
2012
- 2012-06-05 US US13/488,767 patent/US20130319643A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1468109A (en) * | 1921-04-22 | 1923-09-18 | Henry J M Howard | Pressure-control means |
US2687147A (en) * | 1949-03-29 | 1954-08-24 | Us Quarry Tile Company | Orifice construction |
US2661768A (en) * | 1949-10-29 | 1953-12-08 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Indicating orifice plate for threaded orifice union |
US2676470A (en) * | 1950-04-24 | 1954-04-27 | Alquin J Streitz | Flow regulator in a refrigerating system |
US2712458A (en) * | 1950-06-05 | 1955-07-05 | Lipson Leonard | Pipe couplings |
US2827925A (en) * | 1955-10-20 | 1958-03-25 | Gen Electric | Means for securing a member within a tube |
US2913031A (en) * | 1958-04-03 | 1959-11-17 | Long Lok Corp | Self-locking screw threaded fastener member having an elongated resilient insert |
US3149654A (en) * | 1960-12-19 | 1964-09-22 | Nylok Corp | Threaded fastener having resilient metal locking insert |
US3225749A (en) * | 1963-12-23 | 1965-12-28 | Combustion Eng | Fluid heater organization with improved flow control means |
US4234427A (en) * | 1979-06-04 | 1980-11-18 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Pulse damper |
US5070936A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1991-12-10 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | High intensity heat exchanger system |
US5315859A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1994-05-31 | John Schommer | Custom flow restrictor |
US5592974A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-14 | Ford Motor Company | Fluid flow restrictor |
US7793989B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2010-09-14 | Pinckney Jr Robert | Locking connector with depressions |
US7362574B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-04-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Jet orifice plate with projecting jet orifice structures for direct impingement cooling apparatus |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150340255A1 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-26 | Vijay Parkhe | Electrostatic chuck with independent zone cooling and reduced crosstalk |
US10079165B2 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2018-09-18 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Electrostatic chuck with independent zone cooling and reduced crosstalk |
US10622229B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2020-04-14 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Electrostatic chuck with independent zone cooling and reduced crosstalk |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND SPACE SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL, I Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MOWRY, MICHAEL;BLUE, DAVID;MCCARTHY, KEVIN;SIGNING DATES FROM 20120524 TO 20120605;REEL/FRAME:028320/0536 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND SPACE SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL, I Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MOWRY, MICHAEL;BLUE, DAVID;MCCARTHY, KEVIN;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20120524 TO 20120605;REEL/FRAME:028334/0100 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: AEROJET ROCKETDYNE, INC., CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND SPACE SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL;REEL/FRAME:034954/0097 Effective date: 20150128 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |