US20130258476A1 - Optical system and imaging apparatus including the same - Google Patents

Optical system and imaging apparatus including the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130258476A1
US20130258476A1 US13/801,467 US201313801467A US2013258476A1 US 20130258476 A1 US20130258476 A1 US 20130258476A1 US 201313801467 A US201313801467 A US 201313801467A US 2013258476 A1 US2013258476 A1 US 2013258476A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
image
lens unit
optical system
image stabilizing
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Abandoned
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US13/801,467
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English (en)
Inventor
Akira Mizuma
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Assigned to CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MIZUMA, AKIRA
Publication of US20130258476A1 publication Critical patent/US20130258476A1/en
Priority to US14/675,430 priority Critical patent/US9625688B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/142—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having two groups only
    • G02B15/1421—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having two groups only the first group being positive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/04—Reversed telephoto objectives
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/142—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having two groups only
    • G02B15/1425—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having two groups only the first group being negative
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
    • G02B27/646—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image compensating for small deviations, e.g. due to vibration or shake
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/64—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having more than six components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682—Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/685—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation
    • H04N23/687—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation by shifting the lens or sensor position

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical system and is suitable as an imaging optical system used in an imaging apparatus such as a silver-halide film camera, a digital still camera, a video camera, a digital video camera, a monitoring camera, and a broadcasting camera, for example.
  • an imaging apparatus such as a silver-halide film camera, a digital still camera, a video camera, a digital video camera, a monitoring camera, and a broadcasting camera, for example.
  • the imaging optical system used in the imaging apparatus has high optical performance across an entire image area and that various aberrations thereof be corrected in an excellent manner.
  • the imaging optical system is also required to have an image stabilizing mechanism for inhibiting deterioration in image due to an effect of vibration such as a camera shake at the time of shooting.
  • an image stabilizing mechanism a method of correcting variation in image position caused by the camera shake and the like by moving a part of lens units of the optical system in a direction including a component perpendicular to the optical axis is known.
  • the image stabilizing mechanism In order to obtain excellent optical performance by correcting an image shake at the time of vibration of the optical system, it is important to arrange the image stabilizing mechanism in an appropriate position of the imaging optical system.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,917,663 discloses that the wide-angle lens including a lens unit with negative refractive power and a lens unit with positive refractive power in order from an object side performs image stabilization by rotational movement of two positive lenses on a side closest to an image around a point on the optical axis.
  • a lens configuration and refractive power of the image stabilizing lens unit are important and it is also important to arrange the image stabilizing lens unit at an appropriate position in an optical path.
  • An optical system of an embodiment of the present invention is an optical system of which a focal length of an entire system is shorter than a back focus, wherein, when an image stabilizing lens unit, which moves in a direction including a component perpendicular to an optical axis to move an imaging position, is arranged at a position adjacent to an aperture diaphragm on an image side, a cemented lens obtained by cementing a positive lens and a negative lens is arranged on an object side of the aperture diaphragm, the focal length of the entire system is set to f, a focal length of the image stabilizing lens unit is set to fis, a focal length of the cemented lens is set to fc, a distance on the optical axis from the aperture diaphragm to a lens surface on the object side of the image stabilizing lens unit is set to Dis, and a distance on the optical axis from a first lens surface on a side closest to an object to a final lens surface on a side closest to an image when an infinite-distance object
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of a second embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal aberration diagram of the second embodiment
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are lateral aberration diagrams in a reference state and at the time of 0.3° image stabilization correction of the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of a third embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal aberration diagram of the third embodiment
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are lateral aberration diagrams in a reference state and at the time of 0.3° image stabilization correction of the third embodiment of the present invention, respectively;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of a fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal aberration diagram of the fourth embodiment
  • FIGS. 12A and 12B are lateral aberration diagrams in a reference state and at the time of 0.3° image stabilization correction of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a substantial part of an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a focal length of an entire system is shorter than a back focus.
  • An image stabilizing lens unit which moves in a direction including a component perpendicular to an optical axis to move an imaging position, is arranged at a position adjacent to an aperture diaphragm on an image side.
  • a cemented lens obtained by cementing a positive lens and a negative lens is arranged on an object side of the aperture diaphragm.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of a first embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal aberration diagram when an infinite-distance object is brought into focus of the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are lateral aberration diagrams in a reference state and at the time of 0.3° image stabilization correction of the first embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of a second embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal aberration diagram when an infinite-distance object is brought into focus of the second embodiment.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are lateral aberration diagrams in a reference state and at the time of 0.3° image stabilization correction of the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of a third embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal aberration diagram when an infinite-distance object is brought into focus of the third embodiment.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are lateral aberration diagrams in a reference state and at the time of 0.3° image stabilization correction of the third embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a lens of a fourth embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 11 is a longitudinal aberration diagram when an infinite-distance object is brought into focus of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIGS. 12A and 12B are lateral aberration diagrams in a reference state and at the time of 0.3° image stabilization correction of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a substantial part of a single-lens reflex camera (imaging apparatus) provided with the optical system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical system of each embodiment is an imaging optical system used in the imaging apparatus (optical apparatus) such as a digital still camera, a video camera, and a silver-halide film camera.
  • the imaging apparatus optical apparatus
  • a left side is the object side (front side) and a right side is the image side (rear side).
  • the optical system of each embodiment may also be used as a projection lens of a projector and the like. At that time, the left side is a screen and the right side is an image to be projected.
  • a reference sign LA represents the optical system.
  • the optical system LA includes a front lens unit LF on the object side and a rear lens unit LR with positive refractive power on the image side across an aperture diaphragm SP.
  • Reference signs L 1 and L 2 represent a first lens unit with positive or negative refractive power, which does not move during focusing, and a second lens unit with positive refractive power, which moves during focusing, respectively.
  • the second lens unit L 2 includes a lens unit on each of the object side and the image side of the aperture diaphragm (diaphragm) SP.
  • the second lens unit L 2 includes an image stabilizing lens unit Gis including a single lens or a cemented lens at the position adjacent to the aperture diaphragm SP on the image side.
  • a reference sign Lc represents the cemented lens with negative refractive power arranged on the object side of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis.
  • a reference sign IP represents an image plane, which corresponds to an image sensing plane of a solid-state image sensing device (photoelectric transducer) such as a CCD sensor and a CMOS sensor when the imaging optical system is used as that of the video camera and the digital still camera and corresponds to a film plane when this is used in the silver-halide film camera.
  • a solid-state image sensing device photoelectric transducer
  • Each longitudinal aberration diagram illustrates a spherical aberration, astigmatism, a distortion, and a magnification chromatic aberration in order from left to right.
  • a solid line indicates a d-line (587.6 nm) and a broken line indicates a g-line (435.8 nm).
  • a solid line S indicates a sagittal direction of the d-line and a broken line M indicates a meridional direction of the d-line.
  • the diagram, which illustrates the distortion illustrates the distortion in the d-line.
  • a solid line, a broken line, and a two-dot chain line indicate the meridional direction of the d-line, the sagittal direction of the d-line, and the meridional direction of the g-line, respectively.
  • Reference signs Fno, ⁇ , and hgt represent an F-number, a half angle of view (degree) of an angle of view for shooting, and an image height, respectively.
  • a specific configuration of the optical system of an embodiment of the present invention is an imaging optical system including the first lens unit L 1 with positive or negative refractive power and the second lens unit L 2 with positive refractive power in order from the object side to the image side.
  • the imaging optical system performs focusing by moving the second lens unit L 2 on the optical axis.
  • the first lens unit L 1 includes a negative lens in a meniscus shape having a convex surface on the object side and a positive lens having a surface in a convex shape on the object side in order from the object side to the image side.
  • the second lens unit L 2 includes a lens with negative refractive power (negative lens) in the meniscus shape having a concave surface on the image side, a lens with positive refractive power (positive lens), the cemented lens with negative refractive power obtained by cementing the positive lens and the negative lens, and the aperture diaphragm in order from the object side to the image side.
  • the second lens unit L 2 further includes the image stabilizing lens unit Gis with positive refractive power, which reduces an image shake by moving in the direction including the component in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, a cemented lens obtained by cementing a negative lens and a positive lens, and a positive lens on the image side of the aperture diaphragm SP.
  • a height of an off-axis ray at a maximum angle of view from the optical axis is higher as a distance from the aperture diaphragm SP in an optical axis direction is larger. Therefore, an effective ray diameter of the lens arranged at a position apart from the aperture diaphragm SP becomes larger. Therefore, when the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is arranged in the vicinity of the aperture diaphragm SP, the effective ray diameter thereof becomes smaller and a small lens diameter may be easily realized even when movement for image stabilization is taken into account. Since an incident height of a ray, which passes through the image stabilizing lens unit Gis, is low, aberration variation at the time of the image stabilization may easily be made small.
  • the image stabilizing lens unit is arranged in a position near the aperture diaphragm SP as described above for inhibiting an effective diameter of the image stabilizing lens unit from becoming large.
  • a load on a driving mechanism of the image stabilizing lens is decreased and an entire lens may be made compact easily.
  • the lens unit at the position near the aperture diaphragm SP in an entire system is made the image stabilizing lens unit, which moves in the direction including the component in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. According to this, the optical system in which the height of the off-axis ray, which passes through the image stabilizing lens unit, is low and the aberration variation of the off-axis ray at the time of the image stabilization is small is realized.
  • a lens diameter of the optical system becomes larger and the lens diameter of the image stabilizing lens unit also becomes larger.
  • the image stabilizing lens unit becomes heavier along with the increase in lens diameter and an image stabilizing driving mechanism becomes further larger.
  • a light-weight image stabilizing lens unit is preferable and the number of lenses is desirably made small.
  • a diameter of luminous flux of the on-axis ray becomes larger and optical performance is deteriorated due to coma aberration variation at the time of the image stabilization.
  • the cemented lens Lc with negative refractive power as a whole obtained by cementing the lens with positive refractive power and the lens with negative refractive power as a supplementary lens unit is arranged on the object side of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis.
  • the image stabilizing lens unit Gis includes one lens (image stabilizing lens), the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is not excessively heavy also when a large aperture ratio is realized and it becomes easy to compose the image stabilizing lens unit without a large burden on the image stabilizing driving mechanism. Since the refractive power with different signs is applied to the image stabilizing lens unit Gis and the supplementary lens unit Lc adjacent to the same in this manner, it becomes easy to apply appropriate image shaking sensitivity to the image stabilizing lens unit Gis.
  • the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is displaced in a direction including a component perpendicular to the optical axis for the image stabilization to correct the image shake caused by vibration such as a camera shake.
  • the “direction including the component in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis” includes not only a direction orthogonal to the optical axis but also a direction shifted from the direction orthogonal to the optical axis (for example, a direction inclined with respect to the direction orthogonal to the optical axis and a rotation direction around a point on the optical axis).
  • the focal length of the entire system is set to f
  • the focal length of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is set to fis
  • the focal length of the cemented lens Lc is set to fc.
  • a distance on the optical axis from the aperture diaphragm SP to a lens surface on an aperture diaphragm SP side of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is set to Dis and the distance on the optical axis from a first lens surface on the object side to a final lens surface when the infinite-distance object is brought into focus is set to DL.
  • the “distance on the optical axis” in a direction from the object side to the image side is with a positive sign and that in an opposite direction (direction from the image side to the object side) is with a negative sign.
  • condition equation (1) represents a condition for realizing an appropriate distance on the optical axis from the aperture diaphragm SP to the lens surface closest to the aperture diaphragm SP of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis.
  • a numerical range of the condition equation (1) is more preferably set as follows:
  • the condition equation (2) is the condition equation for maintaining sensitivity in aberration variation and sensitivity in displacement of an image position in a balanced manner when the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is displaced in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis by realizing an appropriate ratio of the focal length of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis to the focal length of the entire system.
  • the numerical range of the condition equation (2) is further preferably set as follows:
  • the condition equation (3) is for appropriately setting refractive power balance between the image stabilizing lens unit Gis and the cemented lens (supplementary lens) Lc obtained by cementing the lens with positive refractive power and the lens with negative refractive power on the object side thereof. This is especially the condition equation for maintaining appropriate balance between aberration correction share and sensitivity in image position correction when the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is displaced in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis.
  • the cemented lens Lc is arranged on the object side of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis for inhibiting an axial chromatic aberration, which occurs when the appropriate refractive power balance is realized.
  • the numerical range of the condition equation (3) is further preferably set as follows:
  • one or more of following condition equations is desirably satisfied in order to obtain the high optical performance while maintaining the excellent optical performance at the time of the image stabilization.
  • Lateral magnification of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is set to ⁇ is and the lateral magnification of the lens unit arranged on the image side of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis is set to ⁇ r.
  • the image stabilizing lens unit Gis includes the single lens and an Abbe number of a material of the single lens with respect to the d-line is set to ⁇ dis.
  • one or more of the following condition equations is preferably satisfied:
  • the amount of displacement (amount of movement) of the image stabilizing lens unit Gis for obtaining a certain image stabilization effect becomes too small and electrical or mechanical drive for the amount of movement at high accuracy becomes difficult.
  • the image shaking sensitivity is too low beyond the lower limit of the condition equation (4), the amount of movement so as to include the component in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis at the time of the image stabilization becomes larger and the driving mechanism adversely becomes larger.
  • the numerical range of the condition equation (4) is further preferably set as follows:
  • the condition equation (5) relates to the Abbe number of the material of the image stabilizing lens, which composes the image stabilizing lens unit Gis, with respect to the d-line and is the condition equation for correcting especially a chromatic aberration such as the axial chromatic aberration and the magnification chromatic aberration out of the aberrations occurring at the time of the image stabilization in an excellent manner.
  • the image stabilizing lens unit Gis desirably includes as few lenses as possible for downsizing and weight saving.
  • the image stabilizing lens unit Gis most preferably includes one positive lens or one negative lens. That is, the image stabilizing lens unit Gis most preferably includes the single lens.
  • the chromatic aberration such as the axial chromatic aberration and the magnification chromatic aberration occurring at the time of the image stabilization becomes large and it becomes difficult to correct them.
  • the numerical range of the condition equation (5) is further preferably set as follows:
  • a so-called retrofocus-type optical system in which the focal length of the entire system is shorter than the back focus having the excellent optical performance without large various aberrations occurring at the time of the image stabilization is obtained.
  • a compact optical system having a simple lens configuration in which an excessive load does not occur in the mechanism for driving the image stabilizing lens unit is easily obtained.
  • reference numerals 10 and 11 represent a single-lens reflex camera main body and an interchangeable lens equipped with the optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • a reference numeral 12 represents a recording unit such as a film and an image sensing device for recording a subject image obtained through the interchangeable lens 11 .
  • Reference numerals 13 and 14 represent a viewfinder optical system for observing the subject image from the interchangeable lens 11 and a quick-return mirror, which rotates, for transmitting the subject image formed by the interchangeable lens 11 to the recording unit 12 and the viewfinder optical system 13 in a switching manner.
  • the subject image formed on a focusing plate 15 through the quick-return mirror 14 is made an erect image by a pentagonal prism 16 and enlarged to be observed by an eyepiece optical system 17 .
  • the quick-return mirror 14 rotates in a direction indicated by an arrow and the subject image is formed on the recording unit 12 to be recorded.
  • Reference numerals 18 and 19 represent a sub mirror and a focus detecting unit, respectively. It is possible to realize the imaging apparatus having the high optical performance by applying the optical system of an embodiment of the present invention to the imaging apparatus such as the interchangeable lens of the single-lens reflex camera and the like in this manner. Meanwhile, the optical system of an embodiment of the present invention may also be applied to a mirrorless camera without the quick-return mirror.
  • reference signs i and ri represent an order of surfaces from the object side and a curvature radius of i-th one (i-th surface), respectively.
  • a reference sign di represents an interval between the i-th surface and an (i+1)-th surface.
  • Reference signs ndi and ⁇ di represent a refractive index and the Abbe number based on the d-line, respectively.
  • a reference sign BF represents the back focus.
  • the surface with a mark * is the aspherical surface. (Aspherical surface data) indicates an aspherical surface coefficient when the aspherical surface is represented by an equation
  • x represents an amount of displacement from a reference plane in the optical axis direction
  • h represents a height in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis
  • R represents a radius of a secondary curved surface, which is a base.
  • Reference signs A 4 , A 6 , A 8 , A 10 , and A 12 are fourth-order, sixth-order, eighth-order, tenth-order, and twelfth-order aspherical surface coefficients, respectively. Meanwhile, representation “e-Z” is intended to mean “10 ⁇ z ”. A relationship between each of the above-described condition equations and various values in the numerical embodiments is indicated in table 1.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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US20150381864A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2015-12-31 Tamron Co., Ltd. Optical System and Imaging Device

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US20150381864A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2015-12-31 Tamron Co., Ltd. Optical System and Imaging Device

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US20150205081A1 (en) 2015-07-23
US9625688B2 (en) 2017-04-18

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